CN114599446A - 用于将热电偶安装在填充有催化剂的反应管内部的设备 - Google Patents

用于将热电偶安装在填充有催化剂的反应管内部的设备 Download PDF

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CN114599446A
CN114599446A CN202080075579.1A CN202080075579A CN114599446A CN 114599446 A CN114599446 A CN 114599446A CN 202080075579 A CN202080075579 A CN 202080075579A CN 114599446 A CN114599446 A CN 114599446A
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catalyst
reaction tube
centering ring
pressurized gas
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CN114599446B (zh
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G·D·米勒
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Abstract

一种用于使温度测量装置在将填充有催化剂的反应管内部居中的装置，该装置包括单个充气气囊，该单个充气气囊机械地和流体地附接至定心环。

Description

用于将热电偶安装在填充有催化剂的反应管内部的设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年10月28日提交的美国专利申请号16/665,394的优先权，该美国专利申请根据35U.S.C.§119(a)要求优先权权益，该美国专利申请的全部内容通过援引并入本文。
背景技术
蒸汽甲烷重整器(SMR)是一种利用热量、压力和催化剂将甲烷(CH4)和蒸汽(H2O)转化为氢气(3H2)和一氧化碳(CO)的工业设备。CH4和H2O在填充有催化剂的管中相互反应，这些管被封闭在为形成H2和CO的吸热反应提供热量的熔炉内。为了使这种吸热反应得以进行，需要非常高的熔炉温度。通常，温度将在700℃至1,000℃(1,292°F至1,832°F)之内，而压力的范围通常可以为3巴至25巴。
一些公司制造了可以插入SMR管中的热电偶，通过这些热电偶，可以沿着管的长度测量温度。了解此SMR管内部温度是有价值的，这样可以监测SMR反应，可以优化工艺，并且可以预测管失效。
安装这些SMR管内部热电偶可能具有挑战性，因为这些热电偶需要在催化剂围绕这些热电偶安装之前进行安装。
本发明概述了一种设备，通过该设备安装反应管内部热电偶并且使其居中，然后将催化剂装填至管中。
发明内容
一种用于使温度测量装置在将填充有催化剂的反应管内部居中的装置，该装置包括单个充气气囊，该单个充气气囊机械地和流体地附接至定心环。
附图说明
为了进一步理解本发明的本质和目的，应结合附图来参考以下详细说明，在附图中类似的元件被赋予相同或类似的附图标记，并且在附图中：
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管和定心环的截面视图的示意性表示。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管和已充气的单气囊定位系统的截面视图的示意性表示。
图3a是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管的截面视图的示意性表示，其中有单个温度测量装置。
图3b是根据本发明的一个实施例的反应管的截面视图的示意性表示，其中有一串多个温度测量装置。
图4是根据本发明的一个实施例的位于反应管中的未充气的单气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例的位于反应管中的已充气的单气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
图6是根据本发明的一个实施例的位于反应管中的已充气的单气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示，其指示了含催化剂的套(sock)下放至管中。
图7是根据本发明的一个实施例的位于反应管中的已充气的单气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示，其指示了催化剂从套引入至管中。
图8是根据本发明的一个实施例的在完成催化剂引入后位于反应管中的已充气的单气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
图9是根据本发明的一个实施例的在催化剂下降到下方的体积时位于反应管中的已充气的单气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
图10是根据本发明的一个实施例的重新定位至反应管内的下一个位置的未充气的单气囊定位系统的等距视图的示意性表示。
元件附图标记
101＝蒸汽甲烷重整器管
102＝管内表面
103＝定心环
105＝单个充气气囊
106＝温度测量装置
107＝加压气体导管
111＝单气囊定位系统(包括定心环103和单个充气气囊105)
112＝催化剂
113＝反应管的底部(远端)
114＝反应管的顶部(近端)
116＝定心环系绳
117＝振动装置
118＝压缩气体源
119＝压缩气体源阀
120＝催化剂套
121＝催化剂套系绳
122＝压缩空气放泄阀
123＝远端网状盘
具体实施方式
以下描述了本发明的说明性实施例。虽然本发明易受各种修改和替代形式的影响，但其具体实施例已通过举例在附图中示出并且在本文中详细描述。然而，应理解的是，本文中对具体实施例的说明不旨在将本发明限于所披露的具体形式，而是相反地，其意图是涵盖落入如由所附权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围内的所有修改、等效物以及替代物。
当然，将了解的是，在任何这类实际实施例的研制中，必须做出许多对实现方式特定的决策来实现开发者的特定目标(例如，遵守与系统相关及与商业相关的约束)，这些特定目标将随实现方式的不同而变化。此外，将了解的是，这样的发展工作可能是复杂且耗时的，但是对获得本披露益处的本领域普通技术人员而言仍是常见的保证。
术语“约1英尺”意指在条件允许的情况下尽可能接近一英尺。如本文所用，“约1英尺”被定义为意指12英寸加减20％。同样，“约5英尺”被定义为60英寸加减20％。
术语“基本上竖直的取向”意指在条件允许的情况下尽可能接近竖直方向。术语“基本上竖直的取向”意指充分竖直，使得从本领域技术人员的角度来看，本发明的表现就如同管精确竖直一样。如本文所用，“基本上竖直的取向”被定义为与实际的竖直方向相差10度以内、优选地在实际的竖直方向的5度以内。
概括而言，提供了一种使用套催化剂装填技术的方法。定心环使用单个多充气气囊在重整器管内居中，充气气囊将允许催化剂聚集在上表面上，然后一旦充气就下降到反应管的下部空置空间中。开始时，气囊被定位在管的催化剂层上方。或者，如果管完全空置，那么气囊被定位在管的端部上方。管端部(或催化剂层)上方的距离可以变化，但约12英寸是典型的。气囊通常使用氮气或干燥的日用空气进行充气。然后，使用“套装填”技术将催化剂引入至气囊的表面。在气囊放气并且催化剂填充下方的空隙后，然后重新定位气囊，通常在催化剂层上方1英尺，重复该过程直到管填满催化剂。
图1表示使用该装置和方法的反应管101的截面视图。反应管可以是蒸汽甲烷重整器(SMR)管。充气气囊105附接至定心环103的周边、优选地围绕该周边均匀地间隔开。如图2(截面视图，未充气)中所指示，为了便于解释，此组件将被称为单气囊定位系统111。
在定心环103内至少有温度测量装置106和加压气体导管107。加压气体导管107引入和排出用于给单个充气气囊105充气和放气的气体。加压气体导管107直接连接至单个充气气囊105，从而允许给单个充气气囊充气和放气。
在充气时(如图5所指示的)，单个充气气囊105与管壁内表面102至少部分接触，并且用于将定心环103居中定位在管壁内表面102内。温度测量装置106位于定心环103的内部，并且在单个充气气囊105充气之后，也定位在反应管101的轴向中心附近。虽然附图中仅指示了一个温度测量装置106，但应当理解，两个或更多个温度测量装置106可以位于定心环103内部(未示出)。
参考图1至图10可以更好地理解此实施例。
在可以开始用催化剂填充反应管101之前，将管定位成处于基本上竖直的取向，并且筛子(未示出)已经位于反应管101的远端113处，以便将催化剂112保持在反应管101内。优选的是，对反应管101的内部进行检查，以确保不存在不期望的物体或异物。在一些情况下，使用内孔表面检查仪(未示出)来确定反应管101的内部是干净的。
首先，将温度测量装置105附接至远端网状盘123。当在温度测量装置上方装填催化剂112时，这有助于将该温度测量装置固定在适当的位置。这使温度测量装置105在后续步骤期间不会沿反应管101向上迁移。
然后，在近端114处开始，将温度测量装置106沿着空置反应管101的长度插入。将温度测量装置106和加压气体导管107插入定心环103的中心中，并将定心环系绳116附接至定心环103。虽然附图中示出了两条定心环系绳116，但温度测量装置106可以装配有一个或更多个定心环系绳116。可以将加压气体导管107插入穿过定心环103，或可以不将加压气体导管107插入穿过定心环103。如果期望，可以将加压气体导管107置于定心环102之外(未示出)。然后，在固持和延伸定心环系绳116的同时，将单气囊定位系统111下放至反应管101中。然后，将单气囊定位系统111下放，直到该单气囊定位系统接触到反应管101的底部为止。此时，建议对定心环系绳116进行标记，以指示管的近端114处的水平作为参考点。
然后，将单气囊定位系统111从反应管101的端部抬升第一距离H1。H1是完全自由决定的，但典型值为约1英尺。此距离可以根据先前在定心环系绳116上所做的标记确定。此时，可以参考近端114在定心环系绳116上做出附加的参考标记，以指示单气囊定位系统111的新位置。
通过关闭阀122并打开阀107，从而至少部分地接触管壁内表面102并将定心环103居中定位在反应管101内，对单个充气气囊105充气。可以使用任何可用且适合的压缩气体源118(比如压缩氮气、或干燥的日用空气或工厂空气)给气囊充气。
长度可以与反应管101的长度大约相同的温度测量装置106在反应管101内基本上居中。催化剂套120装载有预定量或计算量的催化剂112。催化剂套120通过使其围绕温度测量装置106和加压气体导管107贴合而被引入反应器管101中。推荐催化剂套120具有大约2英寸的重叠折叠部。
随着催化剂套120随后被下放，必须在定心环系绳116和加压气体导管107两者上保持张力，以允许催化剂套120沿着反应管101经过。催化剂套120被下放直到它到达或接近于单气囊定位系统111为止。重要的是释放点靠近单气囊定位系统111，以减少对下降的催化剂造成任何损坏。然后催化剂套120卸下催化剂112。这是通过快速拉动催化剂套并释放重叠折叠部来完成的。然后从反应管101中取出空置的催化剂套。应当理解，这是对反应管进行套装填的方法的说明性但非限制性示例。本领域已知的其他套装填方法也可以与本方法和装置一起使用。
当催化剂112被清空时，催化剂聚集在单个充气气囊105的顶部。然后通过关闭阀107和打开阀122将单个充气气囊105放气。催化剂112下降到下方的空隙中并被允许下沉到定心环103和温度测量装置106中和周围，从而保持它们的中心位置。为了促进更好的催化剂填料，并且为了有助于避免催化剂中出现不想要的空隙，可以使反应管101振动117。
对催化剂套120重新填充预定量或计算量的催化剂。将单气囊定位系统111抬升预定距离H2，并重复该过程。预定距离H2可以是对于安装者来说有用或有意义的任何距离，例如1英尺。同样，此距离可以根据先前在定心环系绳116上所做的标记确定，并且此时可以在定心环系绳116上做出附加的参考标记。
重复此过程，以到达反应管101内的期望位置，该期望位置可以是距管的顶部的期望距离。反应管101现在完全重新装填并装满新鲜的催化剂，并且温度测量装置106居中定位并且能够沿着反应管101的长度提供准确且有意义的温度读数。
应当理解，由本领域技术人员可在如所附权利要求中所表述的本发明的原则和范围内做出本文已经描述以解释本发明的本质的细节、材料、步骤和零件布置上的许多附加的改变。因此，本发明不旨在限于以上给出的示例中的具体实施例。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于使温度测量装置在将填充有催化剂的反应管内部居中的装置，该装置包括单个充气气囊，该单个充气气囊机械地和流体地附接至定心环。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中，加压气体导管位于该定心环内并流体地连接到压缩气体源。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中，该单个充气气囊被配置为在被充气时使该定心环在该反应管内居中。
4.一种用于使温度测量装置在将填充有催化剂的反应管内部居中的装置，该装置包括：
·定心环，该定心环具有内部和外部、被配置为将温度测量装置和加压气体导管容纳在该内部中，
·单个充气气囊，该单个充气气囊机械地和流体地附接至该定心环的外部，
·该加压气体导管，该加压气体导管流体地附接至该定心环，使得离开该加压气体导管的加压气体流穿过气体通道到该单个充气气囊中。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置，其中，该加压气体导管流体地附接至压缩氮气源。
6.如权利要求4所述的装置，其中，该加压气体导管流体地附接至压缩空气源。
7.如权利要求4所述的装置，其中，该单个充气气囊被配置为在被充气时使该定心环在该反应管内居中。
8.如权利要求4所述的装置，其中，该温度测量装置包括远端，并且该远端附接至远端网状盘。
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