CN114614324A - Device and method for self-locking polarization of output laser of polarization maintaining optical fiber - Google Patents
Device and method for self-locking polarization of output laser of polarization maintaining optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN114614324A CN114614324A CN202210067810.3A CN202210067810A CN114614324A CN 114614324 A CN114614324 A CN 114614324A CN 202210067810 A CN202210067810 A CN 202210067810A CN 114614324 A CN114614324 A CN 114614324A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
- G01J4/02—Polarimeters of separated-field type; Polarimeters of half-shadow type
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
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Abstract
The invention relates to a polarization self-locking device for polarization maintaining fiber output laser, which comprises a polarization locking laser unit, a polarization self-locking unit and a polarization self-locking unit, wherein the polarization locking laser unit comprises a Faraday modulator, an 1/4 wave plate, a fiber coupler, a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber and a fiber coupler; the beam splitting detection unit comprises an 1/2 wave plate, a Glan Taylor prism and a photoelectric detector; the feedback electric control unit comprises a photoelectric amplification circuit and a PID controller; laser enters the optical fiber coupler through the centers of the Faraday modulator and the 1/4 wave plate, the laser polarization axis is aligned to the slow axis of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber to complete the initial locking of the optical fiber polarization, the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber is output through the optical fiber coupler, transmitted light and reflected light are generated through the 1/2 wave plate and the Glan Taylor prism, the reflected light is detected and collected by the photoelectric detector and converted into an electric signal, and then the Faraday modulator is subjected to feedback control through the photoelectric amplification circuit and the PID controller, so that the real-time closed-loop control of the laser polarization is realized. The invention realizes the high-precision self-locking of the polarization of the laser output by the optical fiber and has the advantages of high bandwidth and high sensitivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of quantum optics, and particularly relates to a polarization self-locking device and method for polarization maintaining optical fiber output laser.
Background
In quantum optics and atomic physics experiments, due to the limitation of linear propagation of space light, long-distance transmission of laser is difficult to realize, single-mode optical fibers with corresponding wavelengths are generally used for realizing laser transmission, and in the fields of cold atom precision measurement, quantum secret communication and the like, the polarization requirement of laser is extremely high, and the single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber is required to be used as a transmission medium of the laser, so that the laser is subjected to polarization-maintaining transmission and is used for interacting with atoms or extracting related information.
The single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is used as a main device for high-fidelity long-distance laser transmission, and input laser of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber needs to meet certain polarization incidence to ensure the polarization maintaining performance of the fiber. In an experiment, an adjustable 1/2 and 1/4 wave plate group is usually built in front of an optical fiber coupler, laser polarization is aligned to a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber slow axis, polarization maintaining performance of the optical fiber is guaranteed to the maximum extent, and fidelity transmission of laser is achieved. However, after polarization is stabilized, along with changes of environmental temperature and vibration conditions, the relative angle between the optical fiber coupler and the optical fiber and the polarization-maintaining slow axis of the optical fiber are slightly changed, so that the polarization-maintaining performance of the output laser of the optical fiber is deteriorated, the interaction between light and atoms and the detection of coherence between light and light are influenced, and the method has a great influence on related scientific research experiments such as quantum precision measurement and quantum secret communication.
In an experiment, generally, the polarization of laser of a single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber needs to be periodically re-locked to inhibit the influence of the polarization change of the laser on an experimental system, but the polarization change of the laser is not monitored in real time, and when the laser is subjected to extreme environmental change, the problem can be only solved through the change of the system, so that the workload is increased. In order to improve the polarization stability of laser transmitted by a single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber, a method and a device for polarization self-locking of output laser of the polarization-maintaining fiber are urgently needed to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a polarization self-locking device for polarization-maintaining optical fiber output laser, which realizes high-precision self-locking of optical fiber output laser polarization through high-resolution laser polarization detection and a real-time precision feedback circuit based on a Faraday modulation technology, has the advantages of high bandwidth and high sensitivity, and greatly improves the polarization performance of optical fiber output laser.
The invention also aims to provide a self-locking method for polarization maintaining fiber output laser polarization.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a polarization self-locking device for polarization maintaining fiber output laser comprises a polarization locking laser unit, a beam splitting detection unit and a feedback electric control unit; the polarization locking laser unit comprises a Faraday modulator, an 1/4 wave plate, an optical fiber coupler, a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber and an optical fiber coupler; the beam splitting detection unit comprises an 1/2 wave plate, a Glan Taylor prism and a photoelectric detector; the feedback electric control unit comprises a photoelectric amplification circuit and a PID controller; laser is transmitted in free space and is incident to the optical fiber coupler through the centers of the Faraday modulator and the 1/4 wave plates, the current of the Faraday modulator and the angle of the 1/4 wave plates are adjusted, the polarization of the laser is changed, the axial direction of the polarization of the laser is aligned to the slow axis of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber, the primary locking of the polarization of the optical fiber is completed, the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber is output through the optical fiber coupler, transmitted light and reflected light are generated through the 1/2 wave plates and the Glan Taylor prism, the transmitted light serves as the laser to be used, the reflected light is detected and collected through the photoelectric detector and is converted into an electric signal, then the signal is subjected to low-noise amplification through the photoelectric amplification circuit, then the feedback control of the Faraday modulator is realized through the PID controller, and the real-time closed-loop control of the polarization of the laser is realized.
A method for outputting a laser polarization self-locking device based on the polarization maintaining optical fiber, comprising the following steps:
1) the polarization locking laser unit is adopted to initially align the polarization slow axis of the laser polarization and the polarization slow axis of the single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber: laser is transmitted in a free space and enters the optical fiber coupler through the centers of the Faraday modulator and the 1/4 wave plate, the current of the Faraday modulator and the angle of the 1/4 wave plate are adjusted, the polarization of the laser is changed, the polarization of the laser is axially aligned to the slow axis of the single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber, the initial locking of the polarization of the optical fiber is completed, and the initial locking of the polarization of the optical fiber is used as the reference of the feedback control of the subsequent polarization of the laser;
2) acquiring a monitoring signal by adopting a beam splitting detection unit: laser output by the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is output through the fiber coupler, transmitted light and reflected light are generated through the 1/2 wave plate and the Glan Taylor prism, the transmitted light serves as laser to be used, the reflected light extracts laser polarization variation through the photoelectric detector, and the laser polarization variation is detected, collected and converted into an electric signal;
3) the real-time adjustment of the laser polarization is realized by adopting a feedback electric control unit: the photoelectric detector detects the collected and converted electric signal, the signal is subjected to low-noise amplification through the photoelectric amplification circuit, and then the current of the Faraday modulator is controlled through the PID controller in a feedback control mode, so that the front laser polarization of the optical fiber coupler is controlled in a feedback mode, and the real-time adjustment of the laser polarization is realized.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the polarization self-locking device for the polarization maintaining optical fiber output laser realizes real-time high-precision feedback control of optical fiber polarization on the basis of a traditional optical fiber polarization locking system, improves the environmental adaptability of the polarization maintaining optical fiber laser system, and solves the problem of poor vibration and temperature environmental adaptability of the polarization maintaining optical fiber laser system.
2. The polarization self-locking device for the polarization-maintaining optical fiber output laser can change the polarization of the laser passing through the modulator by changing the modulation size of the internal magnetic field by adopting the Faraday modulator, thereby replacing the function of an 1/2 wave plate, realizing the fine electric control adjustment of the polarization of the laser and being the basis of the polarization self-locking of the optical fiber.
3. The polarization self-locking device for polarization maintaining fiber output laser adopts the Glan Taylor prism with high extinction ratio as a polarization beam splitter, improves the resolution of laser polarization detection, realizes the rapid and accurate sampling of the polarization change of the fiber output laser by matching with a high-precision rapid photoelectric detector, and is a key device for improving the polarization locking precision of the fiber.
3. The polarization self-locking device for polarization-maintaining optical fiber output laser realizes real-time feedback locking of optical fiber transmission laser polarization based on a Faraday polarization modulation technology and a high-precision polarization detection and feedback control technology, and improves the polarization stability and environmental adaptability of optical fiber output laser.
4. The device and the method for self-locking polarization of output laser of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber realize high-precision self-locking of polarization of the output laser of the optical fiber through high-resolution laser polarization detection and a real-time precision feedback circuit, have the advantages of high bandwidth and high sensitivity, and greatly improve the polarization performance of the output laser of the optical fiber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the present invention for polarization maintaining fiber output laser polarization self-locking device;
FIG. 2 is a loop flow diagram of the present invention for a polarization maintaining fiber output laser polarization self-locking device;
figure 3 is a graph of the faraday modulator laser polarization angle as a function of modulation current of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
10-a polarization locked laser unit; 101-a faraday modulator; 102-1/4 wave plates; 103-fiber coupler; 104-single mode polarization maintaining fiber; 105-a fiber coupler;
20-a beam splitting detection unit; 201-1/2 wave plates; 202-Glan Taylor prism; 203-photodetector
30-an electronic control feedback unit; 301-a photoelectric amplification circuit; 302-PID controller.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A polarization self-locking device for polarization maintaining fiber output laser comprises a polarization locking laser unit 10, a beam splitting detection unit 20 and a feedback electronic control unit 30, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; the polarization-locked laser unit 10 comprises a faraday modulator 101, an 1/4 wave plate 102, an optical fiber coupler 103, a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber 104 and an optical fiber coupler 105; the beam splitting detection unit 20 comprises an 1/2 wave plate 201, a Glan Taylor prism 202 and a photodetector 203; the feedback electric control unit 30 comprises a photoelectric amplification circuit 301 and a PID controller 302; laser is transmitted in free space and enters the optical fiber coupler 103 through the centers of the Faraday modulators 101 and 1/4 wave plates 102, the current of the Faraday modulator 101 and the angle of the 1/4 wave plate 102 are adjusted, the polarization of the laser is changed, the polarization of the laser is axially aligned to the slow axis of the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber 104, the primary locking of the polarization of the optical fiber is completed, the single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber 104 is output through the optical fiber coupler 105, transmitted light and reflected light are generated through the 1/2 wave plate 201 and the Glan Taylor prism 202, the transmitted light serves as laser to be used, the reflected light is detected and collected through the photoelectric detector 203 and is converted into an electric signal, then the signal is subjected to low-noise amplification through the photoelectric amplification circuit 301, and then the PID controller 302 is used for feedback control over the Faraday modulator 101, so that the real-time closed-loop control over the polarization of the laser is realized.
A method for outputting a laser polarization self-locking device based on the polarization maintaining optical fiber, comprising the following steps:
1) the polarization locking laser unit 10 is adopted to initially align the polarization slow axis of the laser polarization and the polarization slow axis of the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 104: laser is transmitted in a free space and enters the optical fiber coupler 103 through the centers of the Faraday modulator 101 and the 1/4 wave plate 102, the current of the Faraday modulator 101 and the angle of the 1/4 wave plate 102 are adjusted, the polarization of the laser is changed, the polarization of the laser is axially aligned to the slow axis of the single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber 104, the initial locking of the polarization of the optical fiber is completed, and meanwhile, the polarization of the laser is used as the reference of the feedback control of the subsequent polarization of the laser;
2) acquiring the monitoring signal by using the beam splitting detection unit 20: the laser output by the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 104 is output through the fiber coupler 105, transmitted light and reflected light are generated through the 1/2 wave plate 201 and the Glan Taylor prism 202, the transmitted light is used as laser to be used, the reflected light extracts laser polarization variation through the photoelectric detector 203, and the laser polarization variation is detected, collected and converted into an electric signal;
3) the feedback electronic control unit 30 is adopted to realize the real-time adjustment of laser polarization: the photoelectric detector 203 detects the collected and converted electric signal, performs low-noise amplification on the signal through the photoelectric amplification circuit 301, and then controls the faraday modulator 101 through the PID controller 302 in a feedback manner to control the current 101 of the faraday modulator, so that the front laser polarization of the optical fiber coupler 103 is controlled in a feedback manner, and the real-time adjustment of the laser polarization is realized.
Through demarcating Faraday modulator 101 modulation current size and to laser polarization deflection angle relation, can tentatively set for PID controller 302 parameter, feedback control laser polarization changes, when external vibration and temperature change, through the power fluctuation of monitoring the laser of waiting to use, further optimizes the PID parameter, guarantees the polarization stability of output laser. The change of the polarization angle of the laser modulated by the Faraday modulator along with the modulation current is shown in figure 3, the linearity is high, and the high-precision locking of the polarization of the laser output by the optical fiber is ensured.
The Faraday modulator is used as an actuator, and the electric control fine adjustment of the laser polarization before the incidence of the single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber is realized through the Faraday polarization modulation technology; the self-adjustment of laser polarization is realized by matching with a feedback control loop, and the polarization stability of the laser output by the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is improved;
by using the Glan Taylor prism with high extinction ratio as a polarization detection device, the polarization detection resolution is improved, and the rapid and accurate sampling of the polarization change of the laser output by the optical fiber is realized by matching with a high-precision rapid photoelectric detector, so that the optical fiber polarization high-precision locking technology is a necessary technology.
The invention realizes the real-time feedback locking of the polarization of the optical fiber transmission laser based on the Faraday polarization modulation technology and the high-precision polarization detection and feedback control technology, and improves the polarization stability and the environmental adaptability of the optical fiber output laser.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, alterations, and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and thus the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments and drawings disclosed.
Claims (2)
1. A self-locking device for polarization maintaining fiber output laser polarization, characterized in that: comprises a polarization locking laser unit (10), a beam splitting detection unit (20) and a feedback electric control unit (30); the polarization-locked laser unit (10) comprises a Faraday modulator (101), an 1/4 wave plate (102), an optical fiber coupler (103), a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber (104) and an optical fiber coupler (105); the beam splitting detection unit (20) comprises an 1/2 wave plate (201), a Glan Taylor prism (202) and a photoelectric detector (203); the feedback electric control unit (30) comprises a photoelectric amplification circuit (301) and a PID controller (302); laser is transmitted in free space and enters an optical fiber coupler (103) through the centers of a Faraday modulator (101) and an 1/4 wave plate (102), the current of the Faraday modulator (101) and the angle of the 1/4 wave plate (102) are adjusted, the polarization of the laser is changed, the polarization of the laser is axially aligned to the slow axis of a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber (104), the primary locking of the polarization of the optical fiber is completed, the single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber (104) is output through the optical fiber coupler (105), transmitted light and reflected light are generated through an 1/2 wave plate (201) and a Glan Taylor prism (202), the transmitted light is used as laser to be used, the reflected light is detected and collected through a photoelectric detector (203) and is converted into an electric signal, then the signal is amplified with low noise through a photoelectric amplification circuit (301), and then the Faraday modulator (101) is controlled through a PID controller (302) in a feedback mode, so that real-time closed-loop control of laser polarization is achieved.
2. A method for a polarization maintaining fiber output laser polarization self-locking device according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
1) the polarization locking laser unit (10) is adopted to initially align the polarization of the laser with the polarization slow axis of the single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber (104): laser is transmitted in a free space and enters an optical fiber coupler (103) through the centers of a Faraday modulator (101) and an 1/4 wave plate (102), the current of the Faraday modulator (101) and the angle of the 1/4 wave plate (102) are adjusted, the polarization of the laser is changed, the polarization of the laser is axially aligned to the slow axis of a single-mode polarization-preserving fiber (104), the primary locking of the polarization of the fiber is completed, and meanwhile, the laser is used as the reference of the feedback control of the subsequent polarization of the laser;
2) acquiring a monitoring signal by using a beam splitting detection unit (20): laser output by a single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber (104) is output through a fiber coupler (105), transmitted light and reflected light are generated through an 1/2 wave plate (201) and a Glan-Taylor prism (202), the transmitted light is used as laser to be used, the reflected light is used for extracting laser polarization variation through a photoelectric detector (203), and the laser polarization variation is detected, collected and converted into an electric signal;
3) the feedback electric control unit (30) is adopted to realize the real-time adjustment of the laser polarization: the photoelectric detector (203) detects the collected and converted electric signal, low-noise amplification is carried out on the signal through the photoelectric amplification circuit (301), and then the current (101) of the Faraday modulator is controlled through the PID controller (302) in a feedback mode, so that the front laser polarization of the optical fiber coupler (103) is controlled in a feedback mode, and real-time adjustment of the laser polarization is achieved.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115507952A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-12-23 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Feedback optical isolator of Faraday polarizer and isolation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115507952A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-12-23 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Feedback optical isolator of Faraday polarizer and isolation method thereof |
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