CN114608766A - Fuel cell air tightness detection device and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell air tightness detection device and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114608766A CN114608766A CN202210512323.3A CN202210512323A CN114608766A CN 114608766 A CN114608766 A CN 114608766A CN 202210512323 A CN202210512323 A CN 202210512323A CN 114608766 A CN114608766 A CN 114608766A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell air tightness detection device and a detection method thereof, and the fuel cell air tightness detection device comprises an air filter, a pressure regulating valve I, a pressure regulating valve II, a pressure sensor P0, a pressure sensor P1, a pressure sensor P2, a three-way joint, a flowmeter, a one-way valve, a differential pressure type leak detector and a silencer, wherein the air filter is arranged in the air filter; the number of the silencers is 3, and the silencers are respectively connected to a hydrogen outlet, an air outlet and a water outlet of the fuel cell stack in series; the one-way valve is connected with an inlet of a three-cavity of the fuel cell and used for ensuring that gas can only flow in one direction, the one-way valve is sequentially connected with the flow meter, the pressure sensor P0, the pressure regulating valve I and the air filter in series, the pressure regulating valve I is used for regulating the air inlet pressure of a tested piece, and the air filter is connected with an external air source; the pressure regulating valve II is used for regulating the air inlet pressure of the differential pressure type leak detector; the invention can realize full-automatic one-key detection of all leakage conditions of the fuel cell stack by applying an automatic control principle, thereby greatly improving the leakage detection efficiency of a production line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell airtightness detection, in particular to a fuel cell airtightness detection device and a detection method thereof.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell is also called proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and is filled with H2And O in air2The electrochemical reaction is carried out under the acceleration of the catalyst to generate electric energy, and the only emission is H2O, has the advantages of high efficiency, no pollution and light weight, and has great development potential and application prospect; hydrogen as a fuel of a hydrogen fuel cell has the characteristics of flammability and explosiveness, and particularly in a closed space, a great disaster may be caused by small hydrogen leakage.
Most of the existing fuel cell air tightness detection devices on the market adopt a pressure maintaining method, also called a pressure drop method or a flow meter method, and only one detection method is adopted, so that the detection of the detected pieces from single fuel cells, single cell assemblies to short-stack and high-power cell stacks in leakage grades cannot be detected. For example, in patent publications CN 111579173B and CN 112304532A, only a flowmeter is used as a component for detecting leakage rate, and the specification of the flowmeter cannot be changed once it is determined, so the leak detection range is greatly limited.
Except for a fuel cell stack with a single application scene and incapable of detecting various leakage levels, the measurement result of the existing patent is not accurate enough, such as the novel patent CN 208208885U, when leakage of two cavities of a fuel cell is detected, such as the leakage rate of a hydrogen cavity channeling cavity and a cavity channeling water cavity, gas with the same pressure intensity cannot be independently introduced into a third cavity, and therefore the measurement result is smaller; utility model patent CN 205879471U has adopted the flowmeter of two kinds of specifications, nevertheless will certainly lead to the fact the testing result inaccurate according to letting out the flowmeter size selection flowmeter during leak hunting, and the unable fuel cell's of detecting two chambeies scurrying condition of this patent.
The existing invention patent can not meet various requirements in practical use, so that improved technology is urgently needed in the market to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides the fuel cell air tightness detection device and the detection method thereof, has reasonable structure, convenient use and accurate measurement result, can accurately measure all leakage conditions of single cells, assemblies and cell stacks of the fuel cell, can eliminate noise during air exhaust, has wide application range, and can effectively solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a fuel cell air tightness detection device and its detection method, including air cleaner, pressure regulating valve I, pressure regulating valve II, pressure sensor P0, pressure sensor P1, pressure sensor P2, three-way connection, flowmeter, check valve, differential pressure leak detector and muffler, the said muffler sets up to 3, the muffler connects in series on hydrogen outlet, air outlet and water outlet of the fuel cell stack separately; the one-way valve is connected with an inlet of a three-cavity of the fuel cell and used for ensuring that gas can only flow in one direction, the one-way valve is sequentially connected with the flowmeter, the pressure sensor P0, the pressure regulating valve I and the air filter in series, the pressure regulating valve I is used for regulating the air inlet pressure of a tested piece, and the air filter is connected with an external air source; the testing interface of the differential pressure type leak detector is connected with the fuel cell stack through a three-way connector, a two-way electromagnetic valve is arranged on an interface pipeline of the three-way connector and used for controlling the opening and closing of each air channel of the three-way connector, an air source interface of the differential pressure type leak detector is connected with an air filter through a pressure regulating valve II, the pressure regulating valve II is used for regulating the air source pressure of the differential pressure type leak detector, the pressure regulating valve II is kept normally open after the air source pressure is regulated, a pressure sensor P1 is connected on a pipeline, connected with the three-cavity inlet of the fuel cell stack, of the pressure regulating valve I in series, and a pressure sensor P2 is connected on a pipeline, connected with the differential pressure type leak detector, of the pressure regulating valve I in series.
Furthermore, the three-way joint is a pneumatic three-way joint and is normally closed at ordinary times, and the two-way electromagnetic valve SV5-SV7 controls the three-way joint to be opened and closed and is normally closed.
Furthermore, the pipeline connected with the three-cavity inlet of the fuel cell stack and the three-way joint is a stainless steel pipe, and the rest of the pipelines are hard hoses.
Furthermore, the pressure regulating valve I and the pressure regulating valve II are both provided with a digital pressure gauge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has reasonable structure, convenient use and accurate measurement result, can accurately measure all leakage conditions of single cells, assemblies and cell stacks of the fuel cell, and can eliminate noise when a pipeline is exhausted. The invention has wide application range and can realize full-automatic one-key detection of all leakage conditions of the fuel cell stack, thereby greatly improving the leakage detection efficiency of a production line.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 air filter, 2 pressure regulating valve I, 3 pressure regulating valve II, 4 pressure sensor P0, 5 pressure sensor P1, 6 pressure sensor P2, 7 three-way joint, 8 flowmeter, 9 one-way valve, 10 differential pressure type leak detector and 11 silencer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a fuel cell air tightness detection device comprises an air filter 1, a pressure regulating valve I2, a pressure regulating valve II 3, a pressure sensor P04, a pressure sensor P15, a pressure sensor P26, a three-way joint 7, a flow meter 8, a one-way valve 9, a differential pressure leak detector 10 and a silencer 11, wherein SV1-SV14 are two-way electromagnetic valves, the number of the silencers 11 is 3, the silencers 11 are respectively connected in series with a hydrogen outlet, an air outlet and a water outlet of a fuel cell stack, the one-way valve 9 is connected with an inlet of a three-cavity of the fuel cell for ensuring that gas can only flow in one direction, the one-way valve 9 is connected with the flow meter 8, the pressure sensor P04, the pressure regulating valve I2 and the air filter 1 in series in sequence, the pressure regulating valve I2 is used for regulating the air inlet pressure of a tested piece, the air filter 1 is connected with an external air source, a test interface of the differential pressure leak detector 10 is connected with the fuel cell stack through the three-way joint 7, a two-way electromagnetic valve SV5-SV7 is arranged on a port pipeline of the three-way joint 7 and is used for controlling the opening and closing of each gas circuit of the three-way joint 7, and can be used for simultaneously ventilating a single cavity, two cavities or three cavities respectively, the three-way joint 7 is a pneumatic three-way joint and is normally closed at ordinary times, the two-way electromagnetic valves SV1-SV14 are normally closed and are opened when needed, a pipeline connected with the three-cavity inlet of the fuel cell stack and the three-cavity inlet of the three-way joint 7 is a stainless steel pipe, the rest pipelines are hard hoses, an air source interface of the differential pressure leak detector 10 is connected with the air filter 1 through a pressure regulating valve II 3, the pressure regulating valve II 3 is used for regulating the air source pressure of the differential pressure leak detector 10, the pressure regulating valve II 3 keeps normally open after the air source pressure is regulated, a pressure sensor P15 is connected in series with the pipeline connected with the three-cavity inlets of the fuel cell stack and the pressure regulating valve I2, a pressure sensor P2 is connected with the pressure regulating valve I2 in series on the pipeline connected with the differential pressure leak detector 10, the pressure regulating valve I2 and the pressure regulating valve II 3 are both provided with digital display pressure gauges.
As shown in fig. 1, the air tightness detecting device provides three air tightness detecting methods, which can detect fuel battery single cells and battery stacks with different leakage grades: the voltage drop method is suitable for industrial mass production type high-power galvanic pile and industrial equipment with large leakage; the flowmeter method is suitable for mass production type low-power galvanic piles, laboratory instruments and small-leakage instrument equipment; the differential pressure method is suitable for leakage detection of laboratory grade monocells, assemblies thereof and pressure vessel precision instruments.
When the leak rate of the fuel cell is detected by a pressure drop method: firstly, hydrogen leakage out of the cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV4, SV6, SV7 and SV8, closing SV2, SV4, SV6 and SV7 when the pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P15 after 30s, and converting the value into a leakage rate kPa/min; II, leaking outside the cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV7 and SV9, closing SV2, SV4, SV5 and SV7 when the pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P15 after 30s, and converting the value into a leakage rate kPa/min; thirdly, water leakage out of the water cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV6 and SV10, closing SV2, SV4, SV5 and SV6 when the pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P15 after 30s, and converting the value into a leakage rate kPa/min; four and three-cavity external leakage (galvanic pile external leakage): SV1 was opened, pressure regulating valve I2 was adjusted, 210kPa was set, and the test was started: opening SV2, SV8, SV9 and SV10, closing SV2 when the pressure sensor P15 shows 210kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P15 after 30s, and converting the value into a leakage rate kPa/min; fifthly, hydrogen cavity channeling: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV4, SV5, SV9 and SV12, closing SV12 when the pressure sensor P04 shows 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P15 after 30s to obtain the leakage amount of the hydrogen cavity channeling cavity, and converting the value into kPa/min; sixthly, a hydrogen cavity water channeling cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV4, SV5, SV10 and SV13, closing SV13 when the pressure sensor P04 shows 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P15 after 30s to obtain the leakage amount of the hydrogen cavity channeling water cavity, and converting the value into kPa/min; seventhly, a cavity water channeling cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV4, SV6, SV10 and SV13, closing SV13 when a pressure sensor P04 shows 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P15 after 30s to obtain the leakage amount of the cavity water channeling cavity, and converting the value into kPa/min; and (3) emptying the pipeline and the system after each time of measuring the leakage rate, so as to detect the next leakage, wherein the emptying method is to open SV11, SV12 and SV13, and the silencer can eliminate noise during emptying.
When the leakage rate of the fuel cell is detected by using a flowmeter method: firstly, hydrogen leakage outside the cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV4, SV6, SV7 and SV8, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, and reading a flow meter mL/min after opening SV3 and 15s to obtain the leakage rate; II, leaking outside the cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV7 and SV9, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, and reading a flow meter mL/min after opening SV3 and 15s to obtain the leakage rate; thirdly, water leakage out of the water cavity: SV1 was opened, pressure regulating valve I2 was adjusted, 50kPa was set, and the test was started: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV7 and SV10, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, and reading a flow meter mL/min after opening SV3 and 15s to obtain the leakage rate; four and three-cavity external leakage (galvanic pile external leakage): SV1 was opened, pressure regulating valve I2 was adjusted, 210kPa was set, and the test was started: opening SV2, SV8, SV9 and SV10, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P15 displays 210kPa, opening SV3, and reading a flow meter value mL/min after 15s to obtain the leakage rate; fifthly, hydrogen cavity channeling: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV4, SV7, SV8 and SV12, closing SV2 and SV12 when a pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, opening SV3, reading a flow value mL/min after 15s, and subtracting a value of leakage of a hydrogen cavity to obtain the leakage rate of the hydrogen cavity channeling cavity; sixthly, a hydrogen cavity water channeling cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV4, SV6, SV8 and SV13, closing SV2 and SV13 when a pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, opening SV3, reading a flow value mL/min after 15s, and subtracting a value of leakage of a hydrogen cavity to obtain the leakage rate of the hydrogen cavity channeling water cavity; seventhly, a cavity water channeling cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV9 and SV13, closing SV2 and SV13 when a pressure sensor P15 displays 50kPa, opening SV3, reading a flow value mL/min after 15s, and subtracting a value of leakage of the two cavities to obtain the leakage rate of the cavity water channeling cavity; after each leakage rate is measured, the pipeline and the system need to be emptied, and then the next leakage detection can be carried out.
When the leakage rate of the fuel cell is detected by using a differential pressure method: firstly, hydrogen leakage outside the cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV5, SV9 and SV10, when the pressure sensor P04 displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, reading the value mL/min on the differential pressure leak detector after 60s, namely the leak rate; II, leaking outside the cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV6, SV8 and SV10, when the pressure sensor P04 displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, reading the value mL/min on the differential pressure leak detector after 60s, namely the leak rate; thirdly, water leakage out of the water cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV7, SV8 and SV9, when the pressure sensor P04 displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, reading the value mL/min on the differential pressure leak detector after 60s, namely the leak rate; four and three-cavity external leakage (galvanic pile external leakage): SV1 was opened, pressure regulating valve I2 was adjusted, 210kPa was set, and the test was started: opening SV5, SV6 and SV7, and reading a value mL/min on a differential pressure type leak detector after 60s when the pressure sensor P04 displays that 210kPa lasts for 60s, namely the leak rate; fifthly, hydrogen cavity channeling: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV5, SV10 and SV12, when the pressure sensor P15 displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, then closing SV12, reading the value mL/min on the differential pressure leak detector after 60s, and subtracting the value of leakage of a hydrogen cavity to obtain the leakage rate of the hydrogen cavity channeling cavity; sixthly, a hydrogen cavity water channeling cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV5, SV9 and SV13, when a pressure sensor P15 displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, closing SV13, reading a value mL/min on a differential pressure leak detector after 60s, and subtracting a value of leakage of a hydrogen cavity to obtain the leakage rate of the hydrogen cavity water channeling cavity; seventhly, a cavity water channeling cavity: open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve I2, set 50kPa, start the test: opening SV2, SV6, SV8 and SV13, when a pressure sensor P15 displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, closing SV13, reading a value mL/min on a differential pressure leak detector after 60s, and subtracting a value of leakage of the two cavities to obtain the leakage rate of the cavity water channeling cavity; after each leakage rate is measured, the pipeline and the system need to be emptied, and then the next leakage detection can be carried out.
When the leakage rate of the tested piece is known to be larger/smaller, such as testing a mass production type high-power electric pile/an experimental type short pile, a first (pressure drop method)/a third (differential pressure method) method can be directly adopted for testing the leakage rate; when the leakage rate of the tested object is unknown, such as a mass-production type low-power electric pile or other industrial products, the leakage rate is tested in detail from coarse to fine, and the testing equipment is effectively protected, so that the tested object can be tested in detail according to the gear sequence of low → medium → high (method 1 → method 2 → method 3).
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell gas tightness detection device, includes air cleaner (1), air-vent valve I (2), air-vent valve II (3), pressure sensor P0 (4), pressure sensor P1 (5), pressure sensor P2 (6), three way connection (7), flowmeter (8), check valve (9), differential pressure formula leak detector (10) and muffler (11), its characterized in that: the device is characterized in that 3 silencers (11) are arranged, the silencers (11) are respectively connected with a hydrogen outlet, an air outlet and a water outlet of a fuel cell stack in series, a one-way valve (9) is connected with an inlet of a three-cavity of the fuel cell and is used for ensuring that gas can only flow in a one-way manner, the one-way valve (9) is sequentially connected with a flowmeter (8), a pressure sensor P0 (4), a pressure regulating valve I (2) and an air filter (1) in series, the pressure regulating valve I (2) is used for regulating the air inlet pressure of a tested piece, the air filter (1) is connected with an external air source, a test interface of a differential pressure leak detector (10) is connected with the fuel cell stack through a three-way connector (7), a two-way electromagnetic valve is arranged on an interface pipeline of the three-way connector (7) and is used for controlling the opening and closing of each air path of the three-way connector (7), and an air source interface of the differential pressure leak detector (10) is connected with the air filter (1) through the pressure regulating valve II (3), the pressure regulating valve II (3) is used for regulating the air source pressure of the differential pressure type leak detector (10), the pressure regulating valve II (3) is kept normally open after the air source pressure is regulated, the pressure sensor P1 (5) is connected to a pipeline where the pressure regulating valve I (2) is connected with the three-cavity inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the pressure sensor P2 (6) is connected to a pipeline where the pressure regulating valve I (2) is connected with the differential pressure type leak detector (10).
2. The fuel cell airtightness detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-way joint (7) is a pneumatic three-way joint and is normally closed at ordinary times, and the two-way electromagnetic valve controls the three-way joint (7) to be opened and closed and is normally closed.
3. The fuel cell airtightness detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pipeline connected with the three-cavity inlet of the fuel cell stack by the three-way joint (7) is a stainless steel pipe, and the rest pipelines are hard hoses.
4. The fuel cell airtightness detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure regulating valve I (2) and the pressure regulating valve II (3) are respectively provided with a digital display pressure gauge.
5. A fuel cell airtightness detection method is characterized in that: the method uses the fuel cell air tightness detection device of any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises a pressure drop method, a flowmeter method and a differential pressure method, wherein the pressure drop method is suitable for industrial-grade mass-production type high-power galvanic piles and industrial equipment with large leakage; the flowmeter method is suitable for mass production type low-power galvanic piles, laboratory instruments and equipment with small leakage; the differential pressure method is suitable for leakage detection of laboratory grade monocells, assemblies thereof and precision instruments of pressure vessels.
6. The fuel cell airtightness detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the pressure drop method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: hydrogen chamber leak, open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve i (2), set 50kPa, start test: opening SV2, SV4, SV6, SV7 and SV8, closing SV2, SV4, SV6, SV7 and 30s when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, and reading the value of the pressure sensor P1 (5) and converting the value into a leakage rate kPa/min;
step two: the cavity leaks, SV1 is opened, pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV7 and SV9, closing SV2, SV4, SV5, SV7 and 30s when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, and reading the value of the pressure sensor P1 (5) and converting the value into a leakage rate kPa/min;
step three: the water cavity leaks, SV1 is opened, the pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV6 and SV10, closing SV2, SV4, SV5, SV6 and 30s when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, and reading the value of the pressure sensor P1 (5) and converting the value into a leakage rate kPa/min;
step four: three-cavity leakage (pile leakage), opening SV1, adjusting pressure regulating valve I (2), setting 210kPa, starting test: opening SV2, SV8, SV9 and SV10, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 210kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P1 (5) after 30s, and converting the value into a leakage rate kPa/min;
Step five: the hydrogen cavity is filled, SV1 is opened, the pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV4, SV5, SV9 and SV12, closing SV12 when a pressure sensor P0 (4) displays 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P1 (5) after 30s to obtain the leakage amount of the hydrogen cavity channeling cavity, and converting the value into kPa/min;
step six: and (3) opening an SV1 in a hydrogen cavity channeling cavity, adjusting a pressure regulating valve I (2), setting 50kPa, and starting a test: opening SV4, SV5, SV10 and SV13, closing SV13 when a pressure sensor P0 (4) displays 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P1 (5) after 30s to obtain the leakage amount of the hydrogen cavity channeling water cavity, and converting the value into kPa/min;
step seven: the cavity scurrying chamber, open SV1, adjust pressure regulating valve I (2), set 50kPa, begin the test: opening SV4, SV6, SV10 and SV13, closing SV13 when the pressure sensor P0 (4) shows 50kPa, reading the value of the pressure sensor P1 (5) after 30s to obtain the leakage amount of the cavity water channeling cavity, and converting the value into kPa/min.
7. The fuel cell airtightness detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the flow meter method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: hydrogen chamber leakage, open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve i (2), set 50kPa, start test: opening SV2, SV4, SV6, SV7 and SV8, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, and reading a flow meter value (mL/min) after opening SV3 for 15s to obtain the leakage rate;
Step two: the cavity leaks, SV1 is opened, pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV7 and SV9, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, and reading a flow meter value (mL/min) after opening SV3 for 15s to obtain the leakage rate;
step three: the water cavity leaks, SV1 is opened, the pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV7 and SV10, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, and reading a flow meter value (mL/min) after opening SV3 for 15s to obtain the leakage rate;
step four: three-cavity leakage (pile leakage), opening SV1, adjusting pressure regulating valve I (2), setting 210kPa, starting test: opening SV2, SV8, SV9 and SV10, closing SV2 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 210kPa, opening SV3 for 15s, and reading a flow meter value (mL/min) to obtain the leakage rate;
step five: the hydrogen cavity is filled, SV1 is opened, the pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV2, SV4, SV7, SV8 and SV12, closing SV2 and SV12 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, opening SV3, reading a flow meter value (mL/min) after 15s, and subtracting a value of leakage of the hydrogen cavity in the first step to obtain the leakage rate of the hydrogen cavity channeling;
Step six: and (3) opening an SV1 in a hydrogen cavity channeling cavity, adjusting a pressure regulating valve I (2), setting 50kPa, and starting a test: opening SV2, SV4, SV6, SV8 and SV13, closing SV2 and SV13 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, opening SV3, reading a flow meter value (mL/min) after 15s, and subtracting a value of leakage of the hydrogen cavity in the first step to obtain the leakage rate of the hydrogen cavity channeling water cavity;
step seven: the cavity scurrying chamber, open SV1, adjust pressure regulating valve I (2), set 50kPa, begin the test: and opening SV2, SV4, SV5, SV9 and SV13, closing SV2 and SV13 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays 50kPa, opening SV3, reading a flow meter value (mL/min) after 15s, and subtracting the value of the leakage of the cavity in the step two to obtain the leakage rate of the cavity water channeling cavity.
8. The fuel cell airtightness detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the differential pressure method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: hydrogen chamber leakage, open SV1, regulate pressure regulating valve i (2), set 50kPa, start test: opening SV2, SV5, SV9 and SV10, when the pressure sensor P0 (4) displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, reading the value (mL/min) on the differential pressure leak detector after 60s, namely the leak rate;
step two: the cavity leaks, SV1 is opened, pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV2, SV6, SV8 and SV10, when the pressure sensor P0 (4) displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, reading the value (mL/min) on the differential pressure leak detector after 60s, namely the leak rate;
Step three: the water cavity leaks, SV1 is opened, pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV2, SV7, SV8 and SV9, when the pressure sensor P0 (4) displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, reading the value (mL/min) on the differential pressure leak detector after 60s, namely the leak rate;
step four: three-cavity leakage (pile leakage), opening SV1, adjusting pressure regulating valve I (2), setting 210kPa, starting test: opening SV5, SV6 and SV7, and reading a value (mL/min) on a differential pressure type leak detector after 60s when a pressure sensor P0 (4) displays that 210kPa lasts for 60s, namely the leak rate;
step five: the hydrogen cavity is filled, SV1 is opened, the pressure regulating valve I (2) is adjusted, 50kPa is set, and the test is started: opening SV2, SV5, SV10 and SV12, closing SV12 when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, reading a value (mL/min) on a differential pressure leak detector after 60s, and subtracting the value obtained in the step I (hydrogen cavity leakage) to obtain the leakage rate of the hydrogen cavity channeling cavity;
step six: and (3) opening an SV1 in a hydrogen cavity channeling cavity, adjusting a pressure regulating valve I (2), setting 50kPa, and starting a test: opening SV2, SV5, SV9 and SV13, when a pressure sensor P1 (5) displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, closing SV13, reading a value (mL/min) on a differential pressure leak detector after 60s, and subtracting a value of leakage outside a hydrogen cavity in the first step to obtain the leakage rate of the hydrogen cavity water channeling cavity;
Step seven: the cavity is scurried the water cavity, opens SV1, adjusts pressure regulating valve I (2), sets for 50kPa, begins the test: and opening SV2, SV6, SV8 and SV13, closing SV13 when the pressure sensor P1 (5) displays that 50kPa lasts for 60s, reading the value (mL/min) on the differential pressure leak detector after 60s, and subtracting the value of the leakage outside the cavity in the step two to obtain the leakage rate of the cavity water channeling cavity.
9. The fuel cell gas tightness detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: and after the leakage rate is measured once, the pipeline and the system are required to be emptied, and the next leakage detection can be carried out, wherein the emptying method is to open SV11, SV12 and SV13, and the silencer can eliminate noise during emptying.
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