CN114604713A - Rope detection device for elevator lifting and pulling force detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a rope detection device for elevator lifting, which can effectively avoid the influence of human factors and judge and detect the working state of an elevator rope, and a detection method for further measuring and calculating the tension on the rope by using the device; the elevator lifting rope detection device comprises an acting force applying mechanism and a variable detection system, wherein the acting force applying mechanism is used for applying an acting force to a local position point of the elevator lifting rope to enable the stressed position point of the elevator lifting rope to displace when a detection person operates the elevator lifting rope, the variable detection system is used for detecting a value related to the internal tension condition of the elevator lifting rope in the position point moving process, and the variable detection system comprises an acting force size detection unit, an acting force direction detection unit and a stressed point displacement detection unit.

Description

Rope detection device for elevator lifting and pulling force detection method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of vertical lifting type elevator equipment, in particular to a rope detection device for lifting of an elevator and a tension detection method.

Background

The vertical lifting elevator equipment has been widely used in various high-rise buildings as an indispensable equipment due to its many advantages such as high bearing capacity, space saving and controllable cost. In such elevator apparatuses, the elevator car body is connected to the traction sheave at the upper part by a rope formed by weaving steel wires, and the elevator car body is driven by the traction sheave to perform a lifting and lowering movement function. During use, the steel ropes carry the entire weight of the elevator car and are in a state of long-term tension, in particular with the part of the section between the elevator car and the traction sheave. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically detect the mechanical property state of the rope to prevent the rope from being broken, thereby reducing the possibility of installation accidents.

The invention discloses a rope detection device for an elevator, which is disclosed in Chinese patent invention with an authorization publication number of CN103318732B, and comprises two guide wheels, wherein ropes for hoisting an elevator car are wound on the two guide wheels; the electric system comprises a displacement sensor, a force sensor and a marker, wherein the displacement sensor is used for detecting the displacement between a rope and a fixed reference object and transmitting the information to the marker, the force sensor is used for detecting the magnitude of external force applied to a handle and transmitting the value to the marker, the marker is used for identifying the information received from the displacement sensor and the force sensor and transmitting the information to an input device, the input device outputs the obtained information to a calculator, the calculator outputs the calculation result to a comparator, the comparator is used for comparing the obtained information with a threshold value, and the comparator outputs the comparison result to an output device.

The device can detect out the rope and when receiving certain lateral tension, the produced displacement volume of stress point along the lateral tension direction, again to a set of corresponding lateral tension numerical value and stress point displacement volume carry out the record. When the elevator equipment is in practical use, a plurality of ropes are often used simultaneously to bear the elevator car in order to improve the safety during operation. According to the related description in GB7588 "elevator manufacturing and installation safety code", in such a vertical lift elevator apparatus with a multi-rope structure, it is necessary to apply equal lateral tension to each rope at a point of stress at the same height, detect and record the corresponding displacement amount, then perform calculation and analysis on the obtained multiple displacement amounts, and finally detect a rope whose deviation degree from the average value exceeds the allowable range, so as to facilitate subsequent further detection or maintenance and repair. However, in the detection process using the above-mentioned rope detection device for an elevator, due to the influence of factors such as unstable pulling direction of a user and the like or shaking of the rope itself, the direction of an acting force applied to the elevator rope when obtaining the corresponding lateral tension and displacement cannot be ensured in the horizontal direction, that is, a part of the acting force recorded as the lateral tension actually becomes a tension in the vertical direction of the rope, which results in inaccuracy in data measurement and calculation. In addition, when different ropes are detected, the error of the obtained data is further amplified due to different deviation degrees of the lateral tension relative to the horizontal direction, and the accuracy of the detection result is seriously influenced.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a rope detection device for elevator lifting, which can effectively avoid the influence of human factors and judge and detect the working state of an elevator rope, and a detection method for further measuring and calculating the tension on the rope by using the device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a rope detection device for elevator lifting, which can effectively avoid the influence of human factors and judge and detect the working state of an elevator rope, and a detection method for further measuring and calculating the tension on the rope by using the device.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an elevator goes up and down with rope detection device, includes and is used for exerting the effort to elevator for going up and down with rope local position point and makes the elevator go up and down with this atress position point of rope take place the effort application mechanism of displacement to and be used for detecting this position point and remove the variable detecting system that the in-process can reflect the inside pulling force situation relevant numerical value of elevator for going up and down with rope, include effort size detecting element, effort direction detecting element and stress point displacement volume detecting element triplex in the variable detecting system.

Preferably, the acting force magnitude detection unit, the acting force direction detection unit and the stress point displacement detection unit are electrically connected, so that when the acting force direction detection unit recognizes that the acting force direction applied to the elevator lifting rope is in a state along the horizontal direction, the acting force magnitude detection unit and the stress point displacement detection unit are triggered to start to work and record corresponding data.

Preferably, the acting force applying mechanism includes a positioning connecting piece for connecting and fixing with a detection position point on the rope for lifting the elevator and a holding handle for being gripped and pulled by a detection person, and the positioning connecting piece and the holding handle are movably connected.

Preferably, the urging force direction detecting means is attached between the positioning link and the grip handle, and the urging force direction detecting means includes a horizontal state detecting member capable of determining whether or not the urging force applied to the detection position point is along the horizontal X-axis direction.

In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the horizontal state detecting means includes a liquid level and a position sensor for detecting a position of an air bubble in the liquid level.

Preferably, the force-bearing point displacement detecting unit includes a calibrator for measuring and calculating a displacement of the detected position point along the horizontal X axis during the detection process.

Preferably, the present invention further comprises a vertical distance measuring means for measuring a value of a distance between a detection position point on the elevator hoisting rope in an unstrained state and a contact position point of the top of the elevator hoisting rope and the traction sheave.

Preferably, the vertical distance detection means includes an infrared distance sensor.

Preferably, the present invention further comprises a data processing and analyzing module for analyzing and processing the data obtained from the above parts and analyzing and judging the tension applied to the detection position point on the cable.

A method for detecting the tension of a rope for lifting an elevator is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method utilizes the rope detection device for elevator lifting, the vertical distance detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the positioning connecting piece, and the method comprises the following steps when in detection:

a. connecting and fixing a positioning connecting piece in the elevator lifting rope detection device and an elevator lifting rope at a detection position point;

b. utilizing a calibrator to calibrate and record the initial position of the detection position point at the moment in the horizontal X-axis direction;

c. measuring the distance l of a detection position point on the rope relative to a contact point between the rope and the top traction sheave by using a vertical distance detection mechanism;

d. the detection personnel pull the holding handle to one side to enable the detection position point of the rope and the lower part section of the detection position point to displace to the side;

e. gradually adjusting the pulling direction of a pulling handle to enable the air bubbles in the liquid column type level to be close to the middle target position, and enabling the pulling force acting on the detection position point to tend to be kept along the horizontal X circumferential direction;

f. when the position sensor detects that the air bubbles in the liquid column level reach a stable state, sending signals to the acting force size detection unit and the stress point displacement detection unit, recording a tension value F at the moment and an offset X of the detection position point relative to the initial position in the horizontal X axial direction, defining the internal tension of the elevator lifting rope value in a natural sagging state as Fk, and estimating the internal tension of the elevator lifting rope value by using an Fk = l/. DELTA.xF formula in the data analysis module;

g. and comparing the Fk value obtained by estimation with the maximum safe tension value Fmax which can be borne by the rope with the material specification, and judging the working safety of the rope.

In summary, the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

1. the rope detection device for elevator lifting can ensure that the direction of the lateral tension applied at the moment of acquiring the numerical value extends in the horizontal direction as much as possible in the process of detecting the lateral tension applied to the detection position point on the rope and the displacement of the detection position point, so that the read tension numerical value can be as close as possible to the actual acting force for causing the rope to displace in the horizontal direction, the data is more accurate, and the acquired data can be conveniently subsequently utilized for further analysis and measurement.

2. The rope detection device for elevator lifting limits that the lateral tension and the corresponding rope displacement can be obtained only in a very small numerical range, effectively reduces the influence of factors such as unstable holding and shaking of a user or small-amplitude oscillation and swing of the elevator rope in the actual detection process, and further improves the accuracy of data obtained by detection.

3. The rope detection device for elevator lifting utilizes the liquid column type level to convert the problem of the lateral tension direction into the problem of position detection of bubbles or buoys which are more convenient to distinguish, and can play a role in state indication.

4. The invention utilizes the rope detection device for elevator lifting to measure and calculate the distance from the detection position point to the top by utilizing an infrared distance sensor, has extremely wide application range and can detect the states of the ropes in the vertical lifting elevators with various specifications and models.

5. The invention utilizes the detection method adopted by the elevator lifting rope detection device, and utilizes the vertical distance detection mechanism of the added vertical direction detection position point relative to the distance value between the top of the elevator lifting rope and the contact position point of the traction sheave on the basis of the existing detection device, thereby not only judging the stress uniformity degree between different ropes, but also directly estimating the tension value born by the elevator rope with the bearing function on the basis of the existing data, and omitting the complicated steps of repeated detection operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the installation relationship between a rope detecting device for elevator lifting and a lifting elevator apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of each part of the rope detecting device for elevator lifting according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view schematically showing a horizontal state detecting unit of the rope detecting device for elevator ascending and descending according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is an indication diagram of various measured values of the elevator hoisting rope detection device according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1-elevator car;

2-rope for elevator lifting 201-detecting position point;

3-a traction sheave;

4-acting force applying mechanism, 401-positioning connecting piece, 402-holding handle;

5-acting force size detection unit, 501-liquid column level, 502-position sensor;

6-acting force direction detection unit.

Detailed Description

The following specific examples are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever, and after a reading of this specification, a person skilled in the art will be able to make modifications to the examples as required without any inventive contribution but only subject to the scope of the appended claims.

The scheme is realized by the following technical means:

example 1: the embodiment provides a rope detection device for elevator lifting, which is improved and optimized on the basis of the existing device. Compare in original detection device, not only can realize detecting data more accurate, realize more reliable judgement, can also directly realize the estimation to the internal tensile force of rope through the vertical distance detection mechanism that increases, avoided carrying out a lot of and detected, convenient high efficiency more.

The rope detection device for elevator lifting provided by the scheme is mainly suitable for a vertical lifting elevator with an elevator car 1 suspended on a traction sheave 3. Specifically, the device includes and is used for exerting the effort application mechanism 4 that the lateral force made elevator lift with this atress position point of 2 local position points of rope for elevator lift to the detector operation, and is used for detecting the variable detection system that can reflect the relevant numerical value of elevator lift with 2 inside pulling force situations of rope for elevator lift in this position point moving process, this variable detection system can be subdivided into effort size detecting element 5 again, effort direction detecting element 6 and these three parts of atress point displacement volume detecting element, mutual electric connection between the three detecting element, the collaborative operation, control the whole work of detection device and obtain data and carry out corresponding computational analysis.

Specifically, the urging force applying mechanism 4 includes a positioning link 401 on the side of the elevator hoisting rope 2 and a grip handle 402 on the outside to be gripped and pulled by the inspector. For example, the positioning connector 401 may adopt a mechanical clamping jaw mechanism to lock and fix one end of the elevator rope detection device to one detection position point 201 on the rope, so as to ensure that the detection device is completely fixed with the elevator rope at the position and does not move relatively. The holding handle 402 and the positioning connector 401 are movably connected, for example, a connecting rod hinged to both ends or a flexible steel cable is used to connect the two components, so that the inspector can apply a lateral pulling force to the positioning connector 401 through the holding handle 402 to drive the detecting position 201 of the cable and the lower segment thereof to move to one side.

For the variable quantity detection system, the acting force magnitude detection unit 5 and the force point displacement amount detection unit are similar to those of the conventional detection device. For example, the acting force detecting unit 5 may mainly adopt a tension meter capable of reading the magnitude of the tension between two ends, and the stressed point displacement detecting unit mainly adopts a calibrator capable of calibrating the displacement between two points in the reading space in the X-axis direction. The most important part of the present invention is a force direction detection unit 6 including a horizontal state detection means, which is installed between the positioning link 401 and the grip handle 402, and is used to determine whether or not the force applied to the detection position point 201 is in a horizontal state along the horizontal X-axis direction. Specifically, for example, the horizontal state detecting unit may employ a combination of the liquid level 501 and the position sensor 502. The liquid column type leveling instrument 501 has a column-shaped cavity formed therein for storing a liquid having a relatively low viscosity such as alcohol, and the column-shaped cavity is elongated as a whole and is mounted on a hinge-connecting rod connected between the positioning connector 401 and the grip handle 402 or is directly connected as a transition connector between horizontal state detecting members for determining whether or not an acting force applied to the detection position point 201 is along the horizontal X-axis direction, so that when the elevator rope is pulled to one side, the liquid column type leveling instrument 501 is parallel to the direction of application of the acting force. In the liquid column type level 501, the upper part of the column cavity is a convex structure with a high middle part and low two sides, and bubbles or floating blocks with density smaller than that of the liquid are formed in the liquid. When the liquid column level 501 is in a non-parallel state with the X axis, the air bubbles or floating blocks in the columnar cavity will move to the higher side under the action of the liquid buoyancy until one end of the columnar cavity abuts against the other end; on the contrary, if the liquid column level 501 is parallel to the X axis, the air bubbles or the floating blocks in the column cavity will move vertically upward under the action of the liquid buoyancy until the air bubbles or the floating blocks move to the highest position point protruding upward at the middle position under the state and do not move any more. In order to determine the position state, the horizontal state detecting means further includes a position sensor 502. For example, a light-sensitive sensor can be used, when the bubble stays at the middle position, the light emitted by the sensor is refracted and deflected or the light-tight floating block shields the light emitted by the sensor, and when the condition is maintained for one to two seconds, the position sensor 502 sends signals to the tension meter and the calibrator, and records the tension value of the tension meter at the moment in the state and the X axial displacement acquired by the calibrator. If the direction of the lateral acting force applied to the elevator rope can be controlled within the limited range, when the elevator lifting rope detection device described in this embodiment is used to respectively detect a plurality of ropes which simultaneously play a bearing role, the direction of the acting force applied to the detection position point 201 can be greatly ensured to extend towards the horizontal X axial direction, the influence of an uncontrollable variable is reduced through control as much as possible, more accurate displacement detection data is obtained, and the rope which deviates from the average level to the maximum can be distinguished in subsequent calculation and analysis for further detection or maintenance.

Example 2: in the elevator hoisting rope detection apparatus according to embodiment 1, the magnitude of the acting force and the corresponding displacement when the horizontal X-axis acting force is applied to the elevator hoisting rope 2 are obtained relatively accurately, and the apparatus can be used to determine the degree of deviation of a plurality of ropes simultaneously functioning as a load bearing from the average level, thereby facilitating the correction of ropes having an excessively large degree of deviation. However, the vertical magnitude of the tension applied to the elevator rope cannot be reflected in the set of data, so that a vertical distance detecting mechanism is added to the elevator rope in this embodiment based on the above-mentioned device. Specifically, the vertical distance detection mechanism is fixedly mounted on the positioning connection member 401, and includes an infrared distance sensor with an upward probe. When the method works, the method for detecting the tension of the rope for lifting the elevator is utilized, and the method mainly comprises the following steps which are sequentially completed:

a. connecting and fixing a positioning connecting piece 401 in the elevator lifting rope detection device and an elevator lifting rope 2 on a detection position point 201;

b. the initial position of the detection position point 201 at the moment in the horizontal X axial direction is recorded by utilizing the calibration of a calibrator;

c. measuring the distance l of a detection position point 201 on the rope relative to a contact point between the rope and the top traction sheave 3 by using a vertical distance detection mechanism;

d. the detection person pulls the holding handle 402 to one side to displace the detection position point 201 of the rope and the lower part of the detection position point 201 to the side;

e. gradually adjusting the pulling direction of the pulling handle to make the air bubbles in the liquid column level 501 approach the middle target position, so that the pulling force acting on the detection position point 201 tends to be along the horizontal X circumferential direction and is kept;

f. when the position sensor 502 detects that the air bubbles in the liquid column level 501 reach the stable state, the position sensor sends signals to the acting force size detection unit 5 and the stress point displacement detection unit, records the tension value F at the moment and the offset X of the detection position point 201 in the horizontal X axial direction relative to the initial position, defines the numerical value internal tension of the rope 2 for elevator lifting in the natural sagging state as Fk, and estimates the numerical value internal tension of the rope 2 for elevator lifting by using an Fk = l/x.F formula in the data analysis module;

g. and comparing the Fk value obtained by estimation with the maximum safe tension value Fmax which can be borne by the rope with the material specification, and judging the working safety of the rope.

In the method for detecting the tension of the rope for elevator hoisting in the embodiment, it should be noted that after the rope actually moves laterally, the distance between the detection position point 201 and the contact point between the rope and the top traction sheave 3 should be l ', and the length l' should be smaller than the length l, so that after the value l is inputted into the data analysis module, the obtained Fk is slightly larger than the tension value of the actual elevator rope. However, since Fk is obtained for comparison with the maximum safe tension value Fmax that the material specification rope can bear, the standard value of Fmax is slightly reduced, and the practical effect is that the detection standard becomes stricter. Because the subsequent measurement and calculation can be carried out by utilizing a more accurate measuring instrument, the error degree of the estimated value still belongs to an acceptable range, the actual excessive rope can not be omitted, and the preliminary estimation of the tension value of the elevator rope to a certain degree and the extremely efficient detection and judgment processing can be realized.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an elevator goes up and down with rope detection device which characterized in that: include and be used for when the testing personnel operation to elevator lift with rope (2) local position point application effort make elevator lift with rope (2) this atress position point take place the effort application mechanism (4) of displacement to and be used for detecting this position point and remove the variable detecting system that the in-process can reflect elevator lift with rope (2) inside pulling force situation relevant numerical value, include effort size detecting element (5), effort direction detecting element (6) and atress point displacement detecting element triplex in the variable detecting system.

2. The elevator hoisting rope detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the acting force size detection unit (5), the acting force direction detection unit (6) and the stress point displacement detection unit are electrically connected, so that when the acting force direction detection unit (6) identifies that the acting force direction applied to the elevator lifting rope (2) is in a state along the horizontal direction, the acting force size detection unit (5) and the stress point displacement detection unit are triggered and started to record corresponding data.

3. The elevator hoisting and lowering rope detecting device according to claim 2, wherein: the acting force applying mechanism (4) comprises a positioning connecting piece (401) fixedly connected with a detection position point (201) on the rope (2) for lifting of the elevator and a holding handle (402) for a detection person to grasp and pull, and the positioning connecting piece (401) is movably connected with the holding handle (402).

4. The elevator hoisting rope detection device according to claim 3, wherein: the acting force direction detection unit (6) is arranged between the positioning connecting piece (401) and the holding handle (402), and the acting force direction detection unit (6) comprises a horizontal state detection component which can judge whether the acting force applied to the detection position point (201) is along the horizontal X-axis direction.

5. The elevator hoisting rope detection device according to claim 4, wherein: the horizontal state detection component comprises a liquid column type level (501) and a position sensor (502) for detecting the position of an air bubble in the liquid column type level (501).

6. The elevator hoisting rope detection device according to claim 5, wherein: the stress point displacement detection unit comprises a calibrator used for measuring and calculating the displacement of the detection position point (201) along the horizontal X axial direction in the detection process.

7. The elevator hoisting rope detection device according to claim 6, wherein: the elevator hoisting device also comprises a vertical distance detection mechanism for measuring and calculating the numerical value of the distance between a detection position point (201) on the elevator hoisting rope (2) in an unstretched state and a contact position point of the top of the elevator hoisting rope (2) and the traction sheave (3).

8. The elevator hoisting rope detection device according to claim 7, wherein: the vertical distance detection mechanism comprises an infrared distance sensor.

9. The elevator hoisting rope detection device according to claim 8, wherein: the device also comprises a data processing and analyzing module which is used for analyzing and processing the data obtained by the parts and analyzing and judging the tensile force born by the detection position points on the cable.

10. A method for detecting the tension of a rope for lifting an elevator is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method utilizes the rope detection device for elevator lifting of claim 9, the vertical distance detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the positioning connecting piece (401), and the detection comprises the following steps:

a. connecting and fixing a positioning connecting piece (401) in the elevator lifting rope detection device and an elevator lifting rope (2) on a detection position point (201);

b. the initial position of the detection position point (201) in the horizontal X axial direction at the moment is recorded by utilizing a calibrator;

c. measuring the distance l of a detection position point (201) on the rope relative to a contact point between the rope and the top traction sheave (3) by using a vertical distance detection mechanism;

d. the detection person pulls the holding handle (402) to one side to enable the detection position point (201) of the rope and the lower part section of the detection position point (201) to displace to the side;

e. gradually adjusting the pulling direction of a pulling handle to enable the air bubbles in the liquid column type level (501) to be close to the middle target position, and enabling the pulling force acting on the detection position point (201) to tend to be kept along the horizontal X circumferential direction;

when the position sensor (502) detects that the air bubbles in the liquid column type level (501) reach the stable state, sending signals to the acting force size detection unit (5) and the stress point displacement detection unit, recording the tension value F at the moment and the offset X of the detection position point (201) relative to the initial position in the horizontal X axial direction, defining the numerical internal tension of the elevator lifting rope (2) in a natural sagging state as Fk, and estimating the numerical internal tension of the elevator lifting rope (2) in the data analysis module by using the formula Fk = l/. DELTA x.F;

g. and comparing the Fk value obtained by estimation with the maximum safe tension value Fmax which can be borne by the rope with the material specification, and judging the working safety of the rope.

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