CN112945487A - Bridge deflection measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Bridge deflection measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0008—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
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- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bridge deflection measuring device and a measuring method, wherein the measuring device comprises a stay cord sensor, a mounting bracket for horizontally mounting the stay cord sensor at a pier at one side of a bridge, a first fixed pulley which is arranged in front of the stay cord sensor and enables a steel rope extending out of the stay cord sensor to be kept horizontal, a steel rope fixing device arranged at a deflection monitoring site at the bottom of a bridge span structure and a second fixed pulley which is arranged beside the steel rope fixing device and enables the steel rope to be vertical to the bottom of the bridge span structure; and a steel rope extending from the pull rope sensor is wound around the first fixed pulley, pulled to the second fixed pulley at the bottom of the bridge span structure, wound around the second fixed pulley and fixed on the steel rope fixing device. The measuring device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and flexible installation mode, low cost and high measuring precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bridge deflection measuring device and a measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering measurement.
Background
The health and safety monitoring of the bridge is of great importance, not only is the accident avoided, but also is an important means for ensuring the safe operation of the long-span bridge, the design theoretical defects of the long-span bridge can be continuously perfected, the cost for maintaining and reinforcing the bridge is reduced, the design level is continuously improved, scientific actual measurement data is provided for deeply researching unknown or uncertain problems in the structure and the environment of the long-span bridge, and the health monitoring of the bridge has very important theoretical significance and economic benefit. The bridge deflection is the comprehensive reflection of the operation state of the bridge structure, the dynamic deflection and the corner of the bridge are the visual embodiment and the main judgment basis of the stress deformation of the bridge, and the monitoring system is an important subsystem in the bridge health monitoring system.
The vertical deflection of the bridge is detected under the condition of applying static load or dynamic load, and the mature detection method mainly comprises the following deflection measurement methods: (1) utilize displacement meters such as percentage table, amesdial to measure the bridge amount of deflection, the setting up of support and the installation and the dismantlement of dial plate are all more loaded down with trivial details, and work efficiency is lower, and the live time is of a specified duration or need mark again after unpicking and washing the maintenance. (2) The total station instrument is greatly interfered by human influence, the laser can be accurately measured in a certain weather environment, the measurement precision can be greatly influenced by weather and light, the total station instrument and the laser-based optical measurement instrument cannot be suitable for monitoring the dynamic deflection of the bridge, and the error is large. (3) The method comprises the following steps of collecting bridge image signals by utilizing a photoelectric image principle to carry out deflection measurement, wherein irreconcilable contradictions exist between a measurement distance and resolution, namely when the measurement distance is long, the capability of a system for accurately acquiring a luminous object is reduced; the measurement accuracy can also be reduced to some extent to climatic conditions, and when weather such as big fog, haze, raise dust appear promptly, the ability that the system accurately obtained luminous object descends, and these problems all can cause certain error to measuring result undoubtedly, reduce measuring result's precision. (4) Based on the principle of communicating pipes, the bridge deflection is measured according to the change of the liquid level in the open communicating pipes, but the method has the defects that the installation and the disassembly of instruments are very complicated, a very complex algorithm is involved in the characteristics of parameter conversion and dynamic response, and the data processing is very difficult. (5) The bridge deflection is measured by using a GPS differential positioning method, and because a GPS receiver is expensive, low in precision and low in cost performance, the influence of atmospheric refraction is generally difficult to overcome, and the actual engineering measurement process is limited to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bridge deflection measuring device and a measuring method. The invention realizes the aim of the invention and firstly provides a bridge deflection measuring device which comprises a pull rope sensor and is characterized in that: the bridge deflection measuring device further comprises a mounting bracket for horizontally mounting the stay rope sensor at a pier at one side of the bridge, a first fixed pulley which is arranged in front of the stay rope sensor and enables a steel rope extending from the stay rope sensor to be kept horizontal, a steel rope fixing device arranged at a deflection monitoring site at the bottom of the bridge span structure and a second fixed pulley which is arranged beside the steel rope fixing device and enables the steel rope to be perpendicular to the bottom of the bridge span structure; and a steel rope extending from the pull rope sensor is wound around the first fixed pulley, pulled to the second fixed pulley at the bottom of the bridge span structure, wound around the second fixed pulley and fixed on the steel rope fixing device.
The fixed pulley I is horizontally arranged and used for assisting the pull rope sensor to extend out of the steel rope to keep horizontal, so that the steel rope does not rub against a sensor wire outlet, and the steel rope wire is abraded; the second fixed pulley is vertically arranged to assist the steel rope fixed on the fixing device to keep vertical, and the second fixed pulley has the function of changing the direction of the steel rope to convert the steel rope into vertical displacement so that the deflection numerical value is easier to calculate; meanwhile, the fixed pulley can reduce the friction between the steel rope and the fixed pulley, and the service life of the steel rope is prolonged.
Furthermore, the steel rope fixing device of the measuring device is a fixed ring buckle, and the front end of the steel rope is provided with a ring buckle thread for fixing with the fixed ring buckle.
Furthermore, the pull rope sensor of the measuring device is horizontally arranged above the bridge pier through the mounting bracket and is close to the bridge span structure supported by the bridge pier. The mounting mode can more conveniently acquire sensor data and adjust the mounting bracket.
When the stay rope sensor is horizontally arranged above a bridge pier through the mounting bracket and is close to the position of a bridge span structure supported by the bridge pier, the method for measuring the bridge deflection by adopting the bridge deflection measuring device comprises the following specific steps:
s1, mounting bridge deflection measuring devices on bridge piers and bridge span structures of the bridge, ensuring that steel ropes extending from the pull rope sensors are kept horizontal, and ensuring that the steel ropes fixedly connected with the steel rope fixing devices are vertical to the bottoms of the bridge span structures;
s2, adjusting the tension value of the stay rope sensor according to the environmental factors of the bridge, so that the stay rope displacement sensor is not influenced by wind power and other environments, and the deflection change of the bridge deflection monitoring site is accurately reflected;
s3, recording initial size data of the bridge deflection measuring device, wherein the initial size data comprises an initial steel rope length l extended by a pull rope sensor when the bridge is in no-load, a vertical distance a between a fixed position of the steel rope on a steel rope fixing device and the bottommost part of a fixed pulley, a horizontal distance b between a wire outlet end of the pull rope sensor and a central shaft of the fixed pulley, and a horizontal distance x between the deflection monitoring position and the central shaft of the fixed pulley;
s4, monitoring the actual displacement increment delta l measured by the pull rope sensor in real time, calculating the deflection value delta of the deflection monitoring point according to the actual displacement increment delta l and the initial size data recorded in the step S3,
furthermore, the pull rope sensor of the measuring device is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pier through the mounting bracket.
When the stay rope sensor is horizontally arranged at the middle position of a pier through the mounting bracket, the method for measuring the bridge deflection by adopting the bridge deflection measuring device comprises the following specific steps:
s1, mounting bridge deflection measuring devices on bridge piers and bridge span structures of the bridge, ensuring that steel ropes extending from the pull rope sensors are kept horizontal, and ensuring that the steel ropes fixedly connected with the steel rope fixing devices are vertical to the bottoms of the bridge span structures;
s2, adjusting the tension value of the stay rope sensor according to the environmental factors of the bridge, so that the stay rope displacement sensor is not influenced by wind power and other environments, and the deflection change of the bridge deflection monitoring site is accurately reflected;
s3, recording initial size data of the bridge deflection measuring device, wherein the initial size data comprises an initial steel rope length l extended by a pull rope sensor when the bridge is in no-load, a vertical distance a between a fixed position of the steel rope on a steel rope fixing device and the bottommost part of a fixed pulley, a horizontal distance b between a wire outlet end of the pull rope sensor and a central shaft of the fixed pulley, and a horizontal distance x between the deflection monitoring position and the central shaft of the fixed pulley;
s4, monitoring the actual displacement increment delta l measured by the pull rope sensor in real time, calculating the deflection value delta of the deflection monitoring point according to the actual displacement increment delta l and the initial size data recorded in the step S3,
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following measurement principle and beneficial effects:
the pull rope displacement sensor is a delicate structure of the linear displacement sensor, fully combines the advantages of an angle sensor and the linear displacement sensor, and is a sensor with small size, compact structure, large measuring stroke and high precision, wherein the stroke is different from hundreds of millimeters to dozens of meters. The inside device that has control pulling force numerical value of stay cord sensor can guarantee that the tensity of the stretch contraction of stay cord is unchangeable to make the stay cord sensor different according to external environment interference degree, select different tensility, avoid external environment to influence. According to the measuring device and the measuring method, when the deflection of the bridge changes, the stay cord of the stay cord sensor can be stretched or shrunk accordingly, the electric signal output by the stay cord sensor and related to the displacement increment changes, the actual displacement increment can be obtained by processing and analyzing the variable quantity of the electric signal, and the actual deflection variable quantity of the bridge is calculated by combining the data such as the distance of a deflection monitoring site, the size of a pulley and the like.
The deflection monitoring site is arranged at the bottom of the bridge span structure, so that various interference factors on the bridge floor can be effectively avoided, and the influences of environment, weather and the like can be reduced to the minimum, so that more real and effective deflection change information of the bridge can be obtained. And the installation mode is simple and flexible, and the installation point position and mode can be changed according to different bridge types only by arranging the fixed pulley at the bottom of the bridge deflection monitoring site, and the devices such as the stay cord displacement sensor, the installation bracket and the fixed pulley on the bridge pier. In addition, the invention adopts the stay cord sensor, and the tension value of the stay cord displacement sensor can be adjusted to correspond to the wind power under different bridges, so that the data obtained by the stay cord displacement sensor can more accurately reflect the deflection change of the bridge.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic layout view of a bridge deflection measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a bridge deflection calculation principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic layout view of a second bridge deflection measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a calculation principle of bridge deflection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a pull rope sensor, 2 is a mounting bracket, 3 is a fixed pulley I, 4 is a deflection monitoring site, 5 is a fixed pulley II, and 6 is a steel rope fixing device.
Detailed Description
Example one
Fig. 1 shows that a bridge deflection measuring device comprises a stay rope sensor 1, and the structural characteristics are as follows: the bridge deflection measuring device further comprises a mounting bracket 2 for horizontally mounting the stay rope sensor 1 at a pier at one side of the bridge, a fixed pulley I3 which is arranged in front of the stay rope sensor 1 and enables a steel rope extending out of the stay rope sensor 1 to be kept horizontal, a steel rope fixing device 6 which is mounted at a deflection monitoring site 4 at the bottom of the bridge span structure and a fixed pulley II 5 which is arranged beside the steel rope fixing device 6 and enables the steel rope to be perpendicular to the bottom of the bridge span structure; and a steel rope extending from the pull rope sensor 1 bypasses the fixed pulley I3, is pulled to the fixed pulley II 5 at the bottom of the bridge span structure, bypasses the fixed pulley II 5 and is fixed on a steel rope fixing device 6.
In this embodiment, the steel cable fixing device 6 is a fixing ring buckle, and the front end of the steel cable is provided with a ring buckle thread for fixing with the fixing ring buckle.
In the embodiment, the pull rope sensor 1 is horizontally arranged above the bridge pier through the mounting bracket 2 and is close to the bridge span structure supported by the bridge pier.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view for showing the structure of the measuring device, and in actual fact, the size of the fixed pulley is very small compared with the size of the bridge.
The method for measuring the bridge deflection by adopting the bridge deflection measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting bridge deflection measuring devices on bridge piers and bridge span structures of the bridge, ensuring that steel ropes extending from the pull rope sensors 1 are kept horizontal, and ensuring that the steel ropes fixedly connected with the steel rope fixing devices 6 are vertical to the bottoms of the bridge span structures;
s2, adjusting the tension value of the stay rope sensor 1 according to the environmental factors of the bridge, so that the stay rope displacement sensor is not influenced by wind power and other environments, and the deflection change of the bridge deflection monitoring site 4 is accurately reflected;
s3, recording initial size data of the bridge deflection measuring device, wherein the initial size data comprises an initial steel rope length l extended by the stay rope sensor 1 when the bridge is in no-load, a vertical distance a between a fixed position of the steel rope on the steel rope fixing device 6 and the bottommost part of the fixed pulley II 5, a horizontal distance b between a wire outlet end of the stay rope sensor 1 and a central shaft of the fixed pulley I3, and a horizontal distance x between a deflection monitoring site 4 and a central shaft of the fixed pulley I3;
s4, monitoring the actual displacement increment delta l measured by the pull rope sensor 1 in real time, calculating the deflection value delta of the deflection monitoring site 4 according to the actual displacement increment delta l and the initial size data recorded in the step S3,
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bridge deflection calculation principle in this example, where the actual displacement increment Δ l is a positive value. The solid line represents the state of the steel rope extended from the rope sensor before the deflection changes (initial value, when the bridge is in no load), and the dotted line represents the state of the steel rope extended from the rope sensor after the deflection changes of the bridge, and the length of the steel rope wound on the fixed pulley is ignored, because in the actual situation, the size of the fixed pulley is very small compared with the size of the bridge, and the length of the steel rope on the fixed pulley is ignored.
Example two
Fig. 3 shows a bridge deflection measuring device, which comprises a pull rope sensor 1 and is characterized in that: the bridge deflection measuring device further comprises a mounting bracket 2 for horizontally mounting the stay rope sensor 1 at a pier at one side of the bridge, a fixed pulley I3 which is arranged in front of the stay rope sensor 1 and enables a steel rope extending out of the stay rope sensor 1 to be kept horizontal, a steel rope fixing device 6 which is mounted at a deflection monitoring site 4 at the bottom of the bridge span structure and a fixed pulley II 5 which is arranged beside the steel rope fixing device 6 and enables the steel rope to be perpendicular to the bottom of the bridge span structure; and a steel rope extending from the pull rope sensor 1 bypasses the fixed pulley I3, is pulled to the fixed pulley II 5 at the bottom of the bridge span structure, bypasses the fixed pulley II 5 and is fixed on a steel rope fixing device 6.
In this embodiment, the steel cable fixing device 6 is a fixing ring buckle, and the front end of the steel cable is provided with a ring buckle thread for fixing with the fixing ring buckle.
In this example, the stay wire sensor 1 is horizontally installed at the middle position of the pier through the installation bracket 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view for showing the structure of the measuring device, and in the actual case, the size of the fixed pulley is very small compared with the size of the bridge.
The method for measuring the bridge deflection by adopting the bridge deflection measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting bridge deflection measuring devices on bridge piers and bridge span structures of the bridge, ensuring that steel ropes extending from the pull rope sensors 1 are kept horizontal, and ensuring that the steel ropes fixedly connected with the steel rope fixing devices 6 are vertical to the bottoms of the bridge span structures;
s2, adjusting the tension value of the stay rope sensor 1 according to the environmental factors of the bridge, so that the stay rope displacement sensor is not influenced by wind power and other environments, and the deflection change of the bridge deflection monitoring site 4 is accurately reflected;
s3, recording initial size data of the bridge deflection measuring device, wherein the initial size data comprises an initial steel rope length l extended by the stay rope sensor 1 when the bridge is in no-load, a vertical distance a between a fixed position of the steel rope on the steel rope fixing device 6 and the bottommost part of the fixed pulley II 5, a horizontal distance b between a wire outlet end of the stay rope sensor 1 and a central shaft of the fixed pulley I3, and a horizontal distance x between a deflection monitoring site 4 and a central shaft of the fixed pulley I3;
s4, monitoring the actual displacement increment delta l measured by the pull rope sensor 1 in real time, calculating the deflection value delta of the deflection monitoring site 4 according to the actual displacement increment delta l and the initial size data recorded in the step S3,
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the bridge deflection calculation principle in this example, where the actual displacement increment Δ l is a negative value. The solid line represents the state of the steel rope extended from the rope sensor before the deflection changes (initial value, when the bridge is in no load), and the dotted line represents the state of the steel rope extended from the rope sensor after the deflection changes of the bridge, and the length of the steel rope wound on the fixed pulley is ignored, because in the actual situation, the size of the fixed pulley is very small compared with the size of the bridge, and the length of the steel rope on the fixed pulley is ignored.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a bridge amount of deflection measuring device, includes stay cord sensor (1), its characterized in that: the bridge deflection measuring device further comprises a mounting bracket (2) for horizontally mounting the stay rope sensor (1) at a pier at one side of the bridge, a fixed pulley I (3) which is arranged in front of the stay rope sensor (1) and enables a stay rope extending from the stay rope sensor (1) to be horizontal, a steel rope fixing device (6) arranged at a deflection monitoring site (4) at the bottom of the bridge span structure and a fixed pulley II (5) which is arranged beside the steel rope fixing device (6) and enables a steel rope to be vertical to the bottom of the bridge span structure; and a steel rope extending from the pull rope sensor (1) bypasses the fixed pulley I (3), is pulled to the fixed pulley II (5) at the bottom of the bridge span structure, bypasses the fixed pulley II (5), and is fixed on the steel rope fixing device (6).
2. The bridge deflection measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the steel rope fixing device (6) is a fixing buckle, and a buckle thread is arranged at the front end of the steel rope and used for fixing the steel rope and the fixing buckle.
3. The bridge deflection measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the pull rope sensor (1) is horizontally arranged above the pier through the mounting bracket (2) and is close to the position of the bridge span structure supported by the pier.
4. The bridge deflection measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the pull rope sensor (1) is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pier through the mounting bracket (2).
5. A method for measuring the deflection of a bridge by using the bridge deflection measuring device of claim 3, comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting bridge deflection measuring devices on bridge piers and bridge span structures of the bridge, ensuring that steel ropes extending from the pull rope sensors (1) are kept horizontal, and ensuring that the steel ropes fixedly connected with the steel rope fixing devices (6) are vertical to the bottoms of the bridge span structures;
s2, adjusting the tension value of the stay rope sensor (1) according to the environmental factors of the bridge, so that the stay rope displacement sensor is not influenced by wind power and other environments, and the deflection change of the bridge deflection monitoring site (4) can be accurately reflected;
s3, recording initial size data of the bridge deflection measuring device, wherein the initial size data comprises an initial steel rope length l extended by a stay rope sensor (1) when the bridge is in no-load, a vertical distance a between a fixed position of the steel rope on a steel rope fixing device (6) and the bottommost part of a fixed pulley II (5), a horizontal distance b between a wire outlet end of the stay rope sensor (1) and a central shaft of the fixed pulley I (3), and a horizontal distance x between a deflection monitoring site (4) and the central shaft of the fixed pulley I (3);
s4, monitoring the actual displacement increment delta l measured by the pull rope sensor (1) in real time, calculating the deflection value delta of the deflection monitoring point (4) according to the actual displacement increment delta l and the initial dimension data recorded in the step S3,
6. a method for measuring the deflection of a bridge by using the bridge deflection measuring device of claim 4, comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting bridge deflection measuring devices on bridge piers and bridge span structures of the bridge, ensuring that steel ropes extending from the pull rope sensors (1) are kept horizontal, and ensuring that the steel ropes fixedly connected with the steel rope fixing devices (6) are vertical to the bottoms of the bridge span structures;
s2, adjusting the tension value of the stay rope sensor (1) according to the environmental factors of the bridge, so that the stay rope displacement sensor is not influenced by wind power and other environments, and the deflection change of the bridge deflection monitoring site (4) can be accurately reflected;
s3, recording initial size data of the bridge deflection measuring device, wherein the initial size data comprises an initial steel rope length l extended by a stay rope sensor (1) when the bridge is in no-load, a vertical distance a between a fixed position of the steel rope on a steel rope fixing device (6) and the bottommost part of a fixed pulley II (5), a horizontal distance b between a wire outlet end of the stay rope sensor (1) and a central shaft of the fixed pulley I (3), and a horizontal distance x between a deflection monitoring site (4) and the central shaft of the fixed pulley I (3);
s4, monitoring the actual displacement increment delta l measured by the pull rope sensor (1) in real time, calculating the deflection value delta of the deflection monitoring point (4) according to the actual displacement increment delta l and the initial dimension data recorded in the step S3,
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| CN202110118233.1A CN112945487A (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Bridge deflection measuring device and measuring method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114136582A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 陕西墨斗星智能科技有限公司 | Bridge wave vibration monitoring device, stabilization system and use method |
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| CN108387184A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-10 | 山西和信基业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of measurement method and system of deflection of bridge span |
| CN211875083U (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-11-06 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Stay wire displacement sensor fixing device and pedal stroke measuring device |
| CN213933034U (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-08-10 | 西南交通大学 | Bridge deflection measuring device based on stay cord sensor |
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2021
- 2021-01-28 CN CN202110118233.1A patent/CN112945487A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN1912535A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2007-02-14 | 蓝章礼 | Tension line video deflection measuring device and method |
| CN106643634A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 湖南科技大学 | Device for measuring water area-crossing bridge deflection and measurement method thereof |
| CN108387184A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-10 | 山西和信基业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of measurement method and system of deflection of bridge span |
| CN211875083U (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-11-06 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Stay wire displacement sensor fixing device and pedal stroke measuring device |
| CN213933034U (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-08-10 | 西南交通大学 | Bridge deflection measuring device based on stay cord sensor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114136582A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 陕西墨斗星智能科技有限公司 | Bridge wave vibration monitoring device, stabilization system and use method |
| CN114136582B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-09-22 | 陕西墨斗星智能科技有限公司 | Bridge wave vibration monitoring device, stabilizing system and use method |
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