CN114602622A - Broken low temperature crushing equipment of abandonment lithium cell - Google Patents
Broken low temperature crushing equipment of abandonment lithium cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114602622A CN114602622A CN202210197074.3A CN202210197074A CN114602622A CN 114602622 A CN114602622 A CN 114602622A CN 202210197074 A CN202210197074 A CN 202210197074A CN 114602622 A CN114602622 A CN 114602622A
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- cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/24—Drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery recovery, and discloses low-temperature crushing equipment for crushing waste lithium batteries. The lithium battery crushing device drives the movable block to rotate, namely the up-and-down motion of the piston is converted into the rotating motion of the movable block, and finally drives the main shaft to rotate and drive the crushing rod on the outer side to rotate, and the lithium battery entering the crushing box can fall above the main crushing knife due to gravity, and the main crushing knife is driven to move circumferentially by the rotation of the crushing rod, so that the lithium battery can be crushed when the main crushing knife and the auxiliary crushing knife in the crushing box are close to each other, the power loss caused by the use of a motor is avoided, the service life of electronic elements is short, and the advantages of power loss and long service life which are formed by power machines without the use of motors and the like are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas lithium battery recovery, in particular to low-temperature crushing equipment for crushing waste lithium batteries.
Background
Lithium batteries can be broadly classified into two types: lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries, lithium ion batteries do not contain lithium in a metallic state and can be charged, the fifth generation products of rechargeable batteries, namely lithium metal batteries, are produced in 1996, the safety, specific capacity, self-discharge rate and cost performance of the rechargeable batteries are superior to those of lithium ion batteries, only a few national companies produce the lithium metal batteries due to the limitation of high technical requirements of the rechargeable batteries, the batteries become important components in products in the industry along with the rapid development of mobile phone and electronic industries, the batteries bring convenience to the work and life of people and also bring pollution hidden dangers, the used waste batteries contain a large amount of heavy metals and electrolyte, the heavy metals and the electrolyte overflow to cause the pollution of underground water and soil no matter the waste batteries are deeply buried or naked stacked, the health of the people is seriously damaged, and for a long time, the method is characterized in that a large number of waste lithium batteries are not specially treated, mainly enter urban and rural domestic garbage and enter a landfill site along with the treatment and disposal of the urban and rural domestic garbage, a perfect and effective recovery system is proposed, and the method is an effective method for recovering and treating the waste lithium batteries.
The waste lithium batteries generally need to undergo a plurality of processes in the recycling process, and after being recycled to a factory, the waste lithium batteries are generally complete in shape, and in order to be effectively processed, the waste lithium batteries are generally pre-crushed in a mechanical crushing mode so as to be subjected to subsequent chemical processing and magnetic separation screening processes, due to the particularity of the lithium batteries, when certain electric quantity exists in the lithium batteries, the lithium batteries are subjected to external force action, internal short circuit is easily caused to cause fire and even explosion, so the current mechanical crushing device generally crushes the batteries in a state lower than normal temperature, and the general crushing device drives the crushing device to rotate by an external motor to crush the batteries in a crushing box, and due to the large number of the processed batteries, the external motor needs to operate for a long time, generally, the power consumption of waste battery processing equipment is more than thousands of degrees a day, the great electric energy waste is caused, and meanwhile, the long-time running of the motor also influences the service life of the motor and cannot run for a long time.
In order to ensure the absolute safety of the broken lithium battery, two modes of chemical soaking and low-temperature breaking are generally adopted, the former needs to consume a large amount of chemical agents to cause the internal damage of the lithium battery to cause the phenomenon of power shortage, so that the short circuit phenomenon can not occur when the lithium battery is broken, but the pollution degree of the treatment mode is large and a large amount of chemical agents are needed, so that the lithium battery is not beneficial to large-scale use, and the latter adopts the temperature reduction when the battery is broken to ensure that the battery can not be ignited, but the temperature reduction of the battery in the breaking equipment is generally realized by adopting devices such as an air compressor and the like at present, although the temperature of the battery can be reduced to a certain extent, but still is higher than zero due to the temperature, certain combustion risk still exists, a large amount of electric power can be consumed when the battery is cooled, and the policy of energy conservation and emission reduction is not beneficial.
Based on the design, the invention designs low-temperature crushing equipment for crushing the waste lithium batteries so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: broken low temperature crushing equipment of abandonment lithium cell, including the cooling tank, the inside fixed mounting of cooling tank has the storage tank, the top fixed mounting of cooling tank has the dog-house, the bottom of dog-house and the inside fixed intercommunication of storage tank, there is the gap between cooling tank and the storage tank, the lateral surface fixed mounting of storage tank has the cooling tube, one side and the fixed mounting that the cooling tank was run through on the top of cooling tube have the gas port, the bottom fixed mounting of cooling tank inner chamber has actuating mechanism, actuating mechanism and the bottom mounting intercommunication of cooling tube, the below of cooling tank is equipped with the base, the top fixed mounting of base has crushing case, the bottom movable mounting of base inner chamber has the conveyer belt that is located crushing case below.
The equipment during operation, at first, can use outside frame to fix between cooling tank and the ground, and place the base, the liquid nitrogen container (also can be other liquefied gas simultaneously, include but not only be limited to dry ice etc.), and with fixed intercommunication between liquid nitrogen container and the air entrainment mouth, and drop into the abandonment lithium cell from the dog-house, the lithium cell can get into the inside of storage tank through the dog-house this moment, this moment through the switch of opening the liquid nitrogen container, the liquid nitrogen container can be followed the liquid nitrogen container and discharged, the inside that the liquid nitrogen got into the cooling tube through the air entrainment mouth simultaneously, and be full of the cooling tube, because the room temperature is showing the temperature that is greater than the liquid nitrogen, the liquid nitrogen begins the inside gasification at the cooling tube, a large amount of heats can be taken away in the twinkling of an eye to the liquid nitrogen after the gasification, and then cool down the storage tank.
Firstly, the overhigh energy consumption and larger occupied area caused by the traditional adoption of equipment such as a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a condenser and the like for realizing the cooling of the waste lithium batteries are abandoned, the characteristic of absorbing heat during the gasification of liquid nitrogen (or other liquefied gases) is adopted, meanwhile, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is generally minus one hundred and ninety six ℃, the absorbed heat during the gasification can rapidly reduce the temperature, so as to avoid the phenomena of long refrigeration time, slow temperature reduction and high energy consumption of the traditional refrigeration equipment, the waste lithium batteries positioned in the storage tank can be rapidly and rapidly frozen, due to the low-temperature characteristic of the lithium batteries, the lithium batteries are instantly inactivated in the extremely rapid cooling process, the inactivated waste lithium batteries can be discharged out of the storage tank through a conveying pipe and enter the crushing box through a crushing port, the low-temperature safe crushing of the lithium batteries is realized, and the cooling speed is extremely high, the energy consumption is lower.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes an air reservoir, an air inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the top end of the air reservoir, the top end of the air inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the cooling pipe, an electromagnetic valve is fixedly mounted at the input end of the air inlet pipe, a mixed air pipe is fixedly communicated with the front side of the top end of the air reservoir, an exhaust pipe is fixedly communicated with the rear side of the top end of the air reservoir, and the mixed air pipe and the exhaust pipe are both fixedly communicated with the outer side surface of the cooling tank.
As a further scheme of the invention, a piston is movably sleeved in an inner cavity of the air storage cylinder, a sealing ring is fixedly installed on the position, close to the top end, of the outer side surface of the piston, the outer side surface of the sealing ring is in contact with the inner cavity of the air storage cylinder, and a fixed shaft is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the piston.
Liquid nitrogen after the gasification begins can be rapidly changed into low temperature gas in the inside of cooling tube, the solenoid valve through opening gas receiver top intake pipe can introduce the inside of gas receiver with low temperature gas, this moment through opening the check valve on the gas mixing pipe, outside normal atmospheric temperature air can get into the inside of gas receiver and mix with inside low temperature nitrogen gas through the gas mixing pipe, the gas mixture volume after the mixture expands rapidly and can give piston pressure, and promote piston displacement downwards, the gas after the mixture can be washed out the check valve that is located the blast pipe, can discharge the gas mixture through the blast pipe this moment, the piston shifts up this moment, can input low temperature nitrogen gas repeatedly through opening the solenoid valve repeatedly, and finally drive reciprocating of piston.
Expanded characteristic when through utilizing the liquid nitrogen gasification, through the inside with the liquid nitrogen introduction gas receiver, and inside air of pouring into the normal atmospheric temperature that injects into forms mist with higher speed the gasification of liquid nitrogen, mist's inflation promotes the piston and moves down, through recycling the ascending that expanded mist discharge blast pipe reduces the inside gas content of gas receiver and drives the piston, can realize reciprocating of piston through the process of repeated air admission-exhaust, provide power source for follow-up smashing, avoid traditional smashing to need drive assemblies such as motor to consume higher energy and realize broken process, possess energy-concerving and environment-protective and characteristics of high life-span.
As a further scheme of the invention, a connecting rod is movably arranged in the middle of the outer side surface of the fixed shaft, a movable block is arranged below the piston, the other end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the top end of the inner side surface of the movable block, the movable block is fan-shaped, a fixed frame is arranged below the movable block, and the bottom end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected with the top end of the base.
As a further scheme of the invention, transmission shafts are fixedly arranged in the middle parts of the left side and the right side of the movable block, the movable block is movably connected with the fixed frame through the transmission shafts, an installation shaft is fixedly arranged on one side of the transmission shaft on the right side, and a driving wheel is fixedly arranged on one side of the transmission shaft on the left side. The piston can drive the connecting rod swing when reciprocating, and the connecting rod swing can drive the movable block rotation simultaneously, and the up-and-down motion of piston changes the rotary motion of movable block promptly to finally drive the rotation of transmission shaft, can drive the rotation of installation axle when the transmission shaft is rotatory, and the rotation of action wheel.
The up-and-down motion of the piston is converted into the rotary motion of a transmission shaft at one end of the movable block by the aid of the power generated by the up-and-down motion of the piston and the matched swinging connecting rod and the movable block similar to a crank, so that the crushing and transmission processes of the equipment are realized, and the equipment is stable, reliable and clean in energy.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the input ends of the gas mixing pipe and the exhaust pipe are both fixedly installed with a check valve, the check valve inside the gas mixing pipe is turned on inward and turned off outward, and the check valve inside the exhaust pipe is turned on outward and turned off inward.
Guarantee through two different check valves that outside normal atmospheric temperature and pressure air can only follow the inside that the outside of gas mixture let in the gas receiver, accomplish gaseous mixture, and the gas mixture can only follow the discharge of the blast pipe of gas receiver one end, accomplishes the exhaust process, avoids gaseous mixing to disturb, and the intake pipe on cooperation top accomplishes complete admitting air and exhaust process and realizes a piston stroke.
In a further aspect of the present invention, a main shaft is movably installed inside the crushing box, a crushing rod is fixedly installed on an outer side surface of the main shaft, main crushing blades are fixedly installed on an outer side surface of the crushing rod at equal angles, and auxiliary crushing blades are fixedly installed on front and rear sides of an inner cavity of the crushing box at equal distances.
As a further scheme of the invention, one end of the main shaft is provided with a bearing, the outer side surface of the bearing is fixedly connected with the left side of the crushing box, the main shaft is fixedly connected with the inner side surface of the bearing, the left end of the bearing is fixedly provided with a gas spring, the other end of the gas spring is fixedly provided with a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is movably sleeved with the mounting shaft. The rotation of installation axle can drive connecting axle and gas spring and the inside rotation of bearing in proper order, because main shaft and bearing internal connection, so the main shaft is rotatory thereupon, and drive the rotation of outside flour crushing pole, get into the lithium cell of crushing incasement portion this moment, can fall into the top of main crushing sword because of gravity, and can smash the lithium cell when its and the inside vice crushing sword of crushing incasement portion are close to each other through the rotatory main crushing sword circumferential motion of drive of crushing pole.
Nitrogen gas through after the decompression gets into drive assembly's inside to drive the rotation of main shaft through a series of mechanical motion, and the cooperation smashes the pole and with the main crushing sword of outside surface and smash the vice crushing sword of incasement portion, realize the battery and through the rapid cooling back of cooling tank, the power when relying on the gas expansion that the cooling used promotes reducing mechanism's operation, finally realize the low temperature breakage of old and useless lithium cell, realized the reuse of the energy when having reduced energy resource consumption.
As a further scheme of the invention, a supporting shaft is movably sleeved at the front end of the inner side surface of the conveying belt, the left side and the right side of the supporting shaft are movably connected with the base, a linkage shaft is movably sleeved at the rear end of the inner side surface of the conveying belt, and driven wheels are fixedly mounted at the left end and the right end of the linkage shaft.
As a further scheme of the present invention, a belt is movably sleeved on an outer side surface of the driving wheel, the other end of the belt is movably sleeved on an inner side surface of the driven wheel, the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driven wheel through the belt, and the third embodiment is as follows: the lithium cell after smashing can fall into the top of the conveyer belt of smashing the case below because of the action of gravity free fall, and this moment because the rotation of movable block can drive the rotation of transmission shaft and then drive the rotation of other end action wheel, under the transmission of belt, the driven wheel that is located the below is rotatory thereupon, and the universal driving shaft of driven shaft medial surface is rotatory thereupon this moment, and because of the final conveyer belt motion that drives of frictional force effect to the old and useless battery that will fall into the broken back in conveyer belt top conveys the other end of equipment in order to carry out subsequent processing.
Drive the rotation of action wheel when through the drive assembly transmission, and the action wheel is then rotatory from the driving wheel through belt transmission, and drive the motion of conveyer belt with this, and the conveyer belt just sets up the bottom at crushing case, so can realize through the gasification of low temperature gas that rapid cooling of old and useless lithium cell drives the crushing device motion simultaneously and realizes the ejection of compact that the crushing of old and useless lithium cell can further drive the motion of feeding device, accomplish the broken ejection of compact process of low temperature of lithium cell, further reduced energy resource consumption and reduced the maintenance cost, do benefit to and use widely.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention firstly abandons the overhigh energy consumption and larger occupied area caused by the traditional adoption of equipment such as a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a condenser and the like to realize the cooling of the waste lithium batteries, and adopts the characteristic of absorbing heat when liquid nitrogen (or other liquefied gases) is gasified, meanwhile, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is generally minus one hundred and ninety six ℃, the absorbed heat during the gasification can lead the temperature to drop rapidly, so as to avoid the phenomena of long refrigeration time, slow temperature reduction and high energy consumption of the traditional refrigeration equipment, and the waste lithium batteries positioned in the storage tank can be rapidly and rapidly frozen, because of the low-temperature characteristic of the lithium batteries, the lithium batteries are inactivated instantly in the extremely rapid cooling process, the inactivated waste lithium batteries can be discharged out of the storage tank through a conveying pipe and enter the crushing box through a crushing port, so as to realize the low-temperature safe crushing of the lithium batteries, the cooling speed is very fast, and the energy consumption is lower.
2. According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristic of expansion during liquid nitrogen gasification, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the gas storage cylinder, and air at normal temperature and normal pressure is injected into the gas storage cylinder to accelerate the gasification of the liquid nitrogen to form mixed gas, the expansion of the mixed gas pushes the piston to move downwards, the expanded mixed gas is discharged out of the exhaust pipe to reduce the gas content in the gas storage cylinder to drive the piston to ascend, the piston can move up and down by repeating the processes of gas inlet and exhaust, a power source is provided for subsequent crushing, the crushing process is avoided by using a motor and other driving components to consume higher energy in the traditional crushing process, and the device has the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection and long service life.
3. The invention drives the driving wheel to rotate while transmitting through the driving component, the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate through the belt transmission, and the driving belt is driven to move, and the conveying belt is just arranged at the bottom end of the crushing box, so that the waste lithium battery can be rapidly cooled through the gasification effect of low-temperature gas, the crushing device is driven to move to crush the waste lithium battery, the material conveying device can be further driven to move to discharge, the low-temperature crushing and discharging process of the lithium battery is completed, the energy consumption is further reduced, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the popularization and the use are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the base structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the crushing box of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cooling tank bottom end configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the cooling tank of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the storage tank and the feed delivery pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the drive mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at a in fig. 5.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. a cooling tank; 2. a material storage tank; 3. a feeding port; 4. a cooling tube; 5. an air charging port; 6. a delivery pipe; 7. a crushing port; 8. a crushing box; 9. a main shaft; 10. crushing the stems; 11. a main crushing knife; 12. an auxiliary crushing knife; 13. a base; 14. a connecting shaft; 15. a gas spring; 16. a bearing; 17. a driving wheel; 18. a belt; 19. a driven wheel; 20. a conveyor belt; 21. a support shaft; 22. a drive mechanism; 221. an air cylinder; 222. an air inlet pipe; 223. a gas mixing pipe; 224. an exhaust pipe; 225. a one-way valve; 226. a piston; 227. a seal ring; 228. a fixed shaft; 229. a connecting rod; 2210. a movable block; 2211. a drive shaft; 2212. installing a shaft; 2213. a fixing frame.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 5, fig. 6 and fig. 7, the present invention provides a technical solution: including cooling tank 1, cooling tank 1's inside fixed mounting has storage tank 2, cooling tank 1's top fixed mounting has dog-house 3, dog-house 3's bottom and storage tank 2's inside fixed intercommunication, there is the gap between cooling tank 1 and the storage tank 2, storage tank 2's lateral surface fixed mounting has cooling tube 4, one side and fixed mounting that cooling tank 1 was run through on cooling tube 4's top have with gas port 5, the bottom fixed mounting of cooling tank 1 inner chamber has actuating mechanism 22, actuating mechanism 22 and cooling tube 4's bottom fixed intercommunication, cooling tank 1's below is equipped with base 13, base 13's top fixed mounting has crushing case 8, the bottom movable mounting of base 13 inner chamber has the conveyer belt 20 that is located crushing case 8 below.
The first embodiment: the equipment during operation, at first, can use outside frame to fix between cooling tank 1 and the ground, and place base 13, the liquid nitrogen container (also can be other liquefied gas), including but not only being limited to dry ice etc.), and with fixed intercommunication between liquid nitrogen container and the air entrainment mouth 5, and drop into abandonment lithium cell from dog-house 3, the lithium cell can get into the inside of storage tank 2 through dog-house 3 this moment, this moment through the switch of opening the liquid nitrogen container, the liquid nitrogen container can be followed the liquid nitrogen container and discharged, simultaneously the liquid nitrogen passes through the inside that air entrainment mouth 5 got into cooling tube 4, and be full of cooling tube 4, because the room temperature is showing the temperature that is greater than the liquid nitrogen, the liquid nitrogen begins the inside gasification at cooling tube 4, a large amount of heats can be taken away in the twinkling of an eye to the liquid nitrogen after the gasification, and then lower the temperature to storage tank 2.
Firstly, the high energy consumption and large floor area caused by the traditional adoption of equipment such as a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a condenser and the like for realizing the cooling of the waste lithium batteries are abandoned, the characteristic of absorbing heat during the gasification of liquid nitrogen (or other liquefied gases) is adopted, meanwhile, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is generally minus one hundred and ninety six ℃, the absorbed heat during the gasification can rapidly reduce the temperature, so as to avoid the phenomena of long refrigeration time, slow temperature reduction and high energy consumption of the traditional refrigeration equipment, the waste lithium batteries positioned in the storage tank 2 can be rapidly and rapidly frozen, due to the low-temperature characteristic of the lithium batteries, the lithium batteries are instantly inactivated in the extremely rapid cooling process, the inactivated waste lithium batteries can be discharged out of the storage tank 2 through the conveying pipe 6 and enter the crushing box 8 through the crushing port 7, so as to realize the low-temperature safe crushing of the lithium batteries, the cooling speed is very fast, and the energy consumption is lower.
As shown in fig. 8, the driving mechanism 22 includes an air reservoir 221, an air inlet pipe 222 is fixedly communicated with the top end of the air reservoir 221, the top end of the air inlet pipe 222 is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the cooling pipe 4, an electromagnetic valve is fixedly mounted at the input end of the air inlet pipe 222, an air mixing pipe 223 is fixedly communicated with the front side of the top end of the air reservoir 221, an air outlet pipe 224 is fixedly communicated with the rear side of the top end of the air reservoir 221, the air mixing pipe 223 and the air outlet pipe 224 are both fixedly communicated with the outer side surface of the cooling tank 1, a piston 226 is movably sleeved in an inner cavity of the air reservoir 221, a sealing ring 227 is fixedly mounted on the outer side surface of the piston 226, the outer side surface of the sealing ring 227 contacts with the inner cavity of the air reservoir 221, and a fixing shaft 228 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the piston 226.
Second embodiment: the gasified liquid nitrogen can be rapidly changed into low-temperature gas in the cooling pipe 4, the low-temperature gas can be introduced into the air storage cylinder 221 by opening the electromagnetic valve of the air inlet pipe 222 at the top end of the air storage cylinder 221, at the moment, the external normal-temperature air can enter the air storage cylinder 221 through the air mixing pipe 223 and be mixed with the internal low-temperature nitrogen gas, the volume of the mixed gas rapidly expands to apply pressure to the piston 226 and push the piston 226 to move downwards, the mixed gas can flush the one-way valve 225 on the exhaust pipe 224, at the moment, the mixed gas can be discharged through the exhaust pipe 224, at the moment, the piston 226 moves upwards, the low-temperature nitrogen gas can be repeatedly input by repeatedly opening the electromagnetic valve, and finally the piston 226 is driven to move upwards and downwards.
Through the expanded characteristic when utilizing liquid nitrogen gasification, through the inside with the liquid nitrogen introduction gas receiver 221, and the air of injecting normal atmospheric temperature to inside and forming the mist with higher speed liquid nitrogen, the inflation of mist promotes piston 226 and shifts down, through recycling expanded mist exhaust stack 224 to reduce the gas content of the inside gas receiver 221 and drive the rising of piston 226, can realize reciprocating of piston 226 through the process of repeated air admission-exhaust, provide the power source for follow-up smashing, avoid traditional smashing to need drive assemblies such as motor to consume higher energy and realize broken process, possess energy-concerving and environment-protective and the high characteristic of life-span.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a connecting rod 229 is movably mounted in the middle of the outer side surface of the fixed shaft 228, a movable block 2210 is disposed below the piston 226, the other end of the connecting rod 229 is movably connected with the top end of the inner side surface of the movable block 2210, the movable block 2210 is fan-shaped, a fixed frame 2213 is disposed below the movable block 2210, the bottom end of the fixed frame 2213 is fixedly connected with the top end of the base 13, transmission shafts 2211 are fixedly mounted in the middle of the left and right sides of the movable block 2210, the movable block 2210 is movably connected with the fixed frame 2213 through the transmission shafts 2211, a mounting shaft 2212 is fixedly mounted on one side of the right transmission shaft 2211, and a driving wheel 17 is fixedly mounted on one side of the left transmission shaft 2211.
The piston 226 will drive the connecting rod 229 to swing while moving up and down, and the connecting rod 229 will drive the movable block 2210 to rotate while swinging, i.e. the up and down movement of the piston 226 is converted into a rotational movement of the movable block 2210, and finally drives the transmission shaft 2211 to rotate, and the rotation of the transmission shaft 2211 will drive the mounting shaft 2212 to rotate, and the driving wheel 17 to rotate.
The up-and-down motion of the piston is converted into the rotation motion of a transmission shaft 2211 at one end of the movable block 2210 by the power of the up-and-down motion of the piston 226 matched with the swinging connecting rod 229 and the movable block 2210 similar to a crank, thereby realizing the crushing and transmission processes of the equipment, and being stable, reliable and clean in energy.
As shown in fig. 8, a check valve 225 is fixedly installed at the input end of each of the air mixing pipe 223 and the exhaust pipe 224, the check valve 225 inside the air mixing pipe 223 is turned on inward and turned off outward, and the check valve 225 inside the exhaust pipe 224 is turned on outward and turned off inward.
Guarantee through two different check valves 225 that outside normal atmospheric temperature normal pressure air can only follow the inside that gas mixture pipe 223's outside lets in gas receiver 221, accomplish gaseous mixture, and the gas mixture can only follow the discharge of the blast pipe 224 of gas receiver 221 one end, accomplishes the exhaust process, avoids gaseous mixing to disturb, and the intake pipe 222 on cooperation top accomplishes complete admitting air and exhaust process and realizes a piston 226 stroke.
As shown in fig. 4 and 9, a main shaft 9 is movably installed inside the crushing box 8, a crushing rod 10 is fixedly installed on the outer side surface of the main shaft 9, a main crushing blade 11 is fixedly installed on the outer side surface of the crushing rod 10 at an equal angle, auxiliary crushing blades 12 are fixedly installed on the front side and the rear side of the inner cavity of the crushing box 8 at equal distances, a bearing 16 is arranged at one end of the main shaft 9, the outer side surface of the bearing 16 is fixedly connected with the left side of the crushing box 8, the main shaft 9 is fixedly connected with the inner side surface of the bearing 16, (the bearing 16 can reduce the friction force during rotation and reduce the mechanical loss during rotation), a gas spring 15 is fixedly installed at the left end of the bearing 16, a connecting shaft 14 is fixedly installed at the other end of the gas spring 15, the connecting shaft 14 is movably sleeved with the connecting shaft 2212 (the gas spring 15 can release the connection between the gas spring 2212 and the connecting shaft 14 when the gas spring 15 is compressed, and further, the driving mechanism 22 or the crushing device can be overhauled or installed on the mounting shaft, to ensure the life of the equipment and the gas spring 15 can play a certain damping role to make the operation of the crushing device more stable).
The rotation of installation axle 2212 can drive connecting axle 14 and gas spring 15 and the 16 inside rotations of bearing in proper order, because main shaft 9 and the 16 internal connection of bearing, so main shaft 9 is rotatory thereupon, and drive the rotation of outside flour crushing pole 10, get into the inside lithium cell of crushing case 8 this moment, can fall into the top of main crushing sword 11 because of gravity, and can smash the lithium cell when it is close to each other with the inside vice crushing sword 12 of crushing case 8 with main crushing sword 11 circumferential motion of drive through the rotation of crushing pole 10.
Nitrogen after being decompressed enters the driving assembly 22, the main shaft 9 is driven to rotate through a series of mechanical movements, the crushing rod 10, the main crushing knife 11 on the outer side surface of the crushing rod and the auxiliary crushing knife 12 in the crushing box 8 are matched, after the batteries are rapidly cooled through the cooling tank 1, the crushing device is pushed to operate by force generated when the gases used for cooling expand, the low-temperature crushing of the waste lithium batteries is finally realized, the energy consumption is reduced, and meanwhile, the energy is recycled.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a supporting shaft 21 is movably sleeved at the front end of the inner side surface of the conveyor belt 20, the left side and the right side of the supporting shaft 21 are movably connected with the base 13, a linkage shaft is movably sleeved at the rear end of the inner side surface of the conveyor belt 20, driven wheels 19 are fixedly mounted at the left end and the right end of the linkage shaft, a belt 18 is movably sleeved on the outer side surface of the driving wheel 17, the other end of the belt 18 is movably sleeved with the inner side surface of the driven wheel 19, and the driving wheel 17 is in transmission connection with the driven wheels 19 through the belt 18.
Third embodiment: the crushed lithium batteries fall freely under the action of gravity and fall into the upper part of the conveying belt 20 below the crushing box 8, at the moment, the rotation of the movable block 2210 can drive the transmission shaft 2211 to rotate so as to drive the driving wheel 17 at the other end to rotate, the driven wheel 19 below the belt 18 rotates along with the rotation, the linkage shaft on the inner side surface of the driven shaft rotates along with the rotation, the conveying belt 20 is finally driven to move under the action of friction force, and the crushed waste batteries falling into the upper part of the conveying belt 20 are conveyed to the other end of the equipment for subsequent treatment.
Drive the rotation of action wheel 17 through the driven rotation that drives of drive assembly 22, action wheel 17 is then rotatory from driving wheel 19 through belt transmission, and drive the motion of conveyer belt 20 with this, and conveyer belt 20 just sets up the bottom at crushing case 8, so can realize through gaseous gasification's of low temperature rapid cooling of old and useless lithium cell and drive the crushing device motion simultaneously and realize the breakage of old and useless lithium cell and can further drive the motion realization ejection of compact of feeding device, accomplish the low temperature breakage ejection of compact process of lithium cell, further reduced energy consumption and reduced the maintenance cost, do benefit to and use widely.
The working principle is as follows: when the device works, firstly, the cooling tank 1 and the ground can be fixed by using an external frame, the base 13 is placed, the liquid nitrogen tank is prepared, the liquid nitrogen tank and the gas filling port 5 are fixedly communicated, the waste lithium battery is fed from the feeding port 3, the lithium battery can enter the storage tank 2 through the feeding port 3, the liquid nitrogen tank can be discharged from the liquid nitrogen tank by opening a switch of the liquid nitrogen tank, the liquid nitrogen enters the cooling pipe 4 through the gas filling port 5 and is filled in the cooling pipe 4, the liquid nitrogen starts to be gasified in the cooling pipe 4 because the room temperature is obviously higher than the temperature of the liquid nitrogen, a large amount of heat can be taken away instantly by the gasified liquid nitrogen, and then the storage tank 2 is cooled, the waste lithium battery in the storage tank 2 can be rapidly and rapidly frozen, and the lithium battery is instantly inactivated in the extremely rapid cooling process due to the low-temperature characteristic of the lithium battery, the inactivated waste lithium battery can be discharged out of the material storage tank 2 through the material conveying pipe 6 and enters the crushing box 8 through the crushing opening 7;
the gasified liquid nitrogen is quickly changed into low-temperature gas in the cooling pipe 4, the low-temperature gas can be introduced into the air storage cylinder 221 by opening the electromagnetic valve of the air inlet pipe 222 at the top end of the air storage cylinder 221, at the moment, the external normal-temperature air can enter the air storage cylinder 221 through the air mixing pipe 223 and be mixed with the internal low-temperature nitrogen gas, the volume of the mixed gas is quickly expanded to apply pressure to the piston 226 and push the piston 226 to move downwards, the mixed gas can flush the one-way valve 225 on the exhaust pipe 224, at the moment, the mixed gas can be exhausted through the exhaust pipe 224, at the moment, the piston 226 moves upwards, the low-temperature nitrogen gas can be repeatedly input by repeatedly opening the electromagnetic valve, and finally, the piston 226 is driven to move upwards and downwards, the connecting rod 229 can be driven to swing while the connecting rod 229 swings, and the movable block 2210 can be driven to rotate while swinging, that is, the up-and-down motion of the piston 226 is converted into the rotational motion of the movable block 2210, and finally drives the rotation of the transmission shaft 2211, the rotation of the transmission shaft 2211 drives the rotation of the installation shaft 2212, and in turn drives the connection shaft 14, the gas spring 15 and the bearing 16 to rotate, because the main shaft 9 is connected with the inside of the bearing 16, the main shaft 9 rotates along with the rotation and drives the outside flour crushing rod 10 to rotate, at this time, the lithium battery entering the crushing box 8 falls above the main crushing knife 11 due to gravity, and the rotation of the crushing rod 10 drives the main crushing knife 11 to move circumferentially, so that the lithium battery can be crushed when the main crushing knife and the auxiliary crushing knife 12 inside the crushing box 8 approach each other;
the crushed lithium batteries fall freely under the action of gravity and fall into the upper part of the conveying belt 20 below the crushing box 8, at the moment, the rotation of the movable block 2210 can drive the transmission shaft 2211 to rotate so as to drive the driving wheel 17 at the other end to rotate, the driven wheel 19 below the belt 18 rotates along with the rotation, the linkage shaft on the inner side surface of the driven shaft rotates along with the rotation, the conveying belt 20 is finally driven to move under the action of friction force, and the crushed waste batteries falling into the upper part of the conveying belt 20 are conveyed to the other end of the equipment for subsequent treatment.
Claims (10)
1. Broken cryogenic crushing equipment of abandonment lithium cell, including cooling tank (1), its characterized in that: a material storage tank (2) is fixedly arranged in the cooling tank (1), a feeding port (3) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the cooling tank (1), the bottom end of the feeding port (3) is fixedly communicated with the interior of the storage tank (2), a gap is formed between the cooling tank (1) and the storage tank (2), a cooling pipe (4) is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the material storage tank (2), the top end of the cooling pipe (4) penetrates through one side of the cooling tank (1) and is fixedly provided with an air charging port (5), a driving mechanism (22) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the cooling tank (1), the driving mechanism (22) is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the cooling pipe (4), a base (13) is arranged below the cooling tank (1), the top fixed mounting of base (13) has crushing case (8), the bottom movable mounting of base (13) inner chamber has conveyer belt (20) that is located crushing case (8) below.
2. The cryogenic crushing apparatus for crushing the waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein: actuating mechanism (22) includes air receiver (221), the fixed intercommunication in top of air receiver (221) has intake pipe (222), the top of intake pipe (222) and the bottom mounting intercommunication of cooling tube (4), the input fixed mounting of intake pipe (222) has the solenoid valve, the fixed intercommunication in front side on air receiver (221) top has gas mixing pipe (223), the fixed intercommunication in rear side on air receiver (221) top has blast pipe (224), gas mixing pipe (223) and blast pipe (224) all with the fixed intercommunication of lateral surface of cooling tank (1).
3. The cryogenic crushing apparatus for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein: piston (226) have been cup jointed in the inner chamber activity of air receiver (221), fixed mounting has sealing ring (227) on the position that piston (226) lateral surface is close to the top, the lateral surface of sealing ring (227) contacts with the inner chamber of air receiver (221), the bottom fixed mounting of piston (226) inner chamber has fixed axle (228).
4. The cryogenic crushing apparatus for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 3, wherein: the middle part of the outer side face of the fixed shaft (228) is movably provided with a connecting rod (229), a movable block (2210) is arranged below the piston (226), the other end of the connecting rod (229) is movably connected with the top end of the inner side face of the movable block (2210), the movable block (2210) is in a fan shape, a fixed frame (2213) is arranged below the movable block (2210), and the bottom end of the fixed frame (2213) is fixedly connected with the top end of the base (13).
5. The cryogenic crushing apparatus for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 4, wherein: the middle parts of the left side and the right side of the movable block (2210) are fixedly provided with transmission shafts (2211), the movable block (2210) is movably connected with the fixed frame (2213) through the transmission shafts (2211), one side of the transmission shaft (2211) positioned on the right side is fixedly provided with a mounting shaft (2212), and one side of the transmission shaft (2211) positioned on the left side is fixedly provided with a driving wheel (17).
6. The cryogenic crushing device for crushing the waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the input ends of the gas mixing pipe (223) and the exhaust pipe (224) are fixedly provided with one-way valves (225), the one-way valves (225) in the gas mixing pipe (223) are conducted inwards and cut off outwards, and the one-way valves (225) in the exhaust pipe (224) are conducted outwards and cut off inwards.
7. The cryogenic crushing device for crushing the waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inside movable mounting who smashes case (8) has main shaft (9), the lateral surface fixed mounting of main shaft (9) has crushing pole (10), angle fixed mounting such as the lateral surface of crushing pole (10) has main crushing sword (11), both sides equidistance fixed mounting has vice crushing sword (12) around smashing the case (8) inner chamber.
8. The cryogenic crushing apparatus for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 7, wherein: the one end of main shaft (9) is equipped with bearing (16), the lateral surface of bearing (16) and the left side fixed connection who smashes case (8), the medial surface fixed connection of main shaft (9) and bearing (16), the left end fixed mounting of bearing (16) has air spring (15), the other end fixed mounting of air spring (15) has connecting axle (14), movable sleeve joint between connecting axle (14) and installation axle (2212).
9. The cryogenic crushing apparatus for crushing the waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front end of the inner side face of the conveyor belt (20) is movably sleeved with a supporting shaft (21), the left side and the right side of the supporting shaft (21) are movably connected with the base (13), the rear end of the inner side face of the conveyor belt (20) is movably sleeved with a linkage shaft, and driven wheels (19) are fixedly mounted at the left end and the right end of the linkage shaft.
10. The cryogenic crushing apparatus for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 5, wherein: the outer side surface of the driving wheel (17) is movably sleeved with a belt (18), the other end of the belt (18) is movably sleeved with the inner side surface of the driven wheel (19), and the driving wheel (17) is in transmission connection with the driven wheel (19) through the belt (18).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210197074.3A CN114602622A (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Broken low temperature crushing equipment of abandonment lithium cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210197074.3A CN114602622A (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Broken low temperature crushing equipment of abandonment lithium cell |
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| CN114602622A true CN114602622A (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN202210197074.3A Pending CN114602622A (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Broken low temperature crushing equipment of abandonment lithium cell |
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