CN114594556A - Flame-retardant optical cable - Google Patents
Flame-retardant optical cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN114594556A CN114594556A CN202210044095.1A CN202210044095A CN114594556A CN 114594556 A CN114594556 A CN 114594556A CN 202210044095 A CN202210044095 A CN 202210044095A CN 114594556 A CN114594556 A CN 114594556A
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- optical cable
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002654 heat shrinkable material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
- G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/441—Optical cables built up from sub-bundles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/4436—Heat resistant
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flame-retardant optical cable, which sequentially comprises the following components in sequence from inside to outside: a reinforcement; the optical unit comprises a beam tube and an optical fiber penetrating through the beam tube; the heat insulation layer sequentially comprises an inner aerogel layer, a steel belt layer and an outer aerogel layer from inside to outside, and the inner aerogel layer wraps the outer side of the light unit; the pressure-resistant layer is arranged around the outer aerogel layer in a wave shape, and the inner side of a wave trough of the pressure-resistant layer is abutted against the outer aerogel layer; the restrictive coating is doped with the fire retardant, and the extrusion molding is in the anti-pressure layer outside, the inner wall of restrictive coating with the crest outside butt on anti-pressure layer. The flame-retardant optical cable can effectively isolate heat when an external fire occurs, ensures that the beam tube and the optical fiber are still at normal temperature, prolongs the normal communication time of the optical fiber, increases the rescue time and probability of trapped people, and has better pressure resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical cables, and particularly relates to a flame-retardant optical cable.
Background
With the development of communication technology, optical cables are being laid on a large scale worldwide as basic materials for communication. At present, the laid optical cables mainly focus on conventional optical cables such as GYTS, GYTA and butterfly cables. With the diversification of application environments, the functions and structures of optical cables have been developed into various, such as rat-proof optical cables, flame-retardant optical cables, and the like.
When the optical cable is applied to complex scenes with frequent accidents such as underground accidents, tunnels and mines, the requirement on the performance of the optical cable is higher, the optical cable is required to resist compression and further resist flame and fire at the moment, and when the accidents such as collapse and ignition occur, the better the compression resistance and the flame resistance are, the more the smooth the communication can be ensured, and the more the time left for rescue is sufficient.
In practical application, the optical cable has better compression resistance but still weaker flame-retardant and fireproof performance, when the optical cable catches fire under a mine and is surrounded by external high temperature, the temperature of the steel belt is higher, and the temperature is transmitted to the optical unit to damage a bundle tube, so that the optical fiber is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a flame-retardant optical cable, which solves the problems that the existing mining optical cable is insufficient in flame-retardant and fireproof performance, and the optical fiber is damaged due to the fact that heat is easily conducted inwards, so that rescue difficulty is increased.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a flame-retardant optical cable sequentially comprises from inside to outside:
a reinforcement;
the optical units comprise a beam tube and optical fibers penetrating through the beam tube, and the optical units are stranded or arranged around the reinforcing piece in parallel;
the heat insulation layer sequentially comprises an inner aerogel layer, a steel belt layer and an outer aerogel layer from inside to outside, and the inner aerogel layer wraps the outer side of the light unit;
the pressure-resistant layer is arranged around the outer aerogel layer in a wave shape, and the inner side of a wave trough of the pressure-resistant layer is abutted against the outer aerogel layer;
the restrictive coating is doped with the fire retardant, and the extrusion molding is in the anti-pressure layer outside, the inner wall of restrictive coating with the crest outside butt on anti-pressure layer.
Preferably, the compression resistant layer with all be provided with the rubber ball between the sheath, the inside of rubber ball is equipped with the cavity, is provided with the fire retardant in the cavity, the rubber ball respectively with correspond the inner wall of sheath, the trough outside butt on compression resistant layer.
Preferably, the cavity is oval, and a line connecting the axis of the optical cable and the center of the cavity is perpendicular to the short axis of the cavity.
Preferably, the outside of rubber ball is provided with the coating, the internal diameter of coating with the external diameter of rubber ball equals, and its both sides are equipped with the opening, the outer wall and the opening butt that correspond in rubber ball cavity minor axis department, the coating adopts the thermal contraction shape material.
Preferably, the coating is tubular.
Preferably, the coating is spherical.
Preferably, the outer wall of the coating layer between every two rubber balls is provided with a notch.
Preferably, heterogeneous flame retardant strips are arranged in gaps between the pressure resistant layer and the heat insulation layer, the shape of the heterogeneous flame retardant strips is matched with that of the gaps, through holes are formed in the heterogeneous flame retardant strips, and the through holes are uniformly and discontinuously formed in the axial direction of the optical cable.
Preferably, the inner and outer aerogel layers are both of a silicon aerogel.
Preferably, the inner side and the outer side of the pressure-resistant layer are provided with fireproof coatings.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the optical cable is provided with the reinforcing piece, the steel belt and the compression-resistant layer, so that the compression-resistant performance of the optical cable is ensured; the sheath layer doped with the flame retardant is used as a primary flame retardant layer, when flame or heat diffuses into the optical cable, the rubber ball bursts to release the flame retardant to prevent the flame from conducting inwards, when the fire is too large and further conducts inwards, the through holes in the heterogeneous flame retardant strips expand under heat, the heterogeneous flame retardant strips fill gaps between the pressure resistant layer and the heat insulation layer, and further prevent the flame from conducting inwards; set up double-deck aerogel as the insulating layer, can effectually prevent the inward diffusion of heat, avoided the influence of heat to beam tube and optic fibre, prolonged communication time, increased stranded personnel's rescue time and probability.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fiber optic cable according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rubber ball structure in the optical cable of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rubber ball outer covering for the optical fiber cable of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another construction of the outer covering of the rubber ball in the optical cable of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a heterogeneous flame retardant strip in a fiber optic cable of the present invention;
the figures are numbered:
the light-emitting diode comprises a reinforcement 1, a light unit 2, a heat insulation layer 3, a pressure-resistant layer 4, a sheath layer 5, a rubber ball 6, a coating layer 7, a heterogeneous flame-retardant strip 8, a bundle tube 21, an optical fiber 22, an inner aerogel layer 31, a steel belt layer 32, an outer aerogel layer 33, a cavity 61, an opening 71, a notch 72 and a through hole 81.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawing figures. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, and "several" means one or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "abutted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available or available to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified; the methods used in the examples of the present invention are all those known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified.
Examples
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a flame-retardant optical cable sequentially comprises from inside to outside: the light-emitting diode comprises a reinforcing piece 1, a light unit 2, a heat insulation layer 3, a compression-resistant layer 4 and a sheath layer 5;
the reinforcement is arranged at the axis of the optical cable and can be used as a supporting part of the whole optical cable to improve the compression resistance of the optical cable, and the reinforcement can be made of metal or nonmetal materials such as stainless steel wires, phosphated steel wires, steel stranded wires, FRP (fiber reinforced plastics) and the like and is selected according to the performance requirement of the optical cable;
the optical units comprise a beam tube 21 and optical fibers 22 penetrating through the beam tube, the optical units are stranded or arranged around the reinforcement in parallel, and in order to improve the water-blocking performance of the optical fibers, water-blocking powder is arranged in gaps between the beam tube and the optical fibers;
the heat insulation layer sequentially comprises an inner aerogel layer 31, a steel belt layer 32 and an outer aerogel layer 33 from inside to outside, and the inner aerogel layer wraps the outer side of the optical unit; the compressive property of optical cable has been strengthened to the steel tape layer, set up interior aerogel layer and outer aerogel layer inside and outside the steel tape layer respectively, the inside network structure that is of aerogel, the medium that is full of is gaseous, it is light to have a quality, thermal-insulated effectual, insulating nature is good, characteristics such as high temperature resistant, adopt the aerogel as the important component part of insulating layer, when not increasing optical cable weight, can carry out effectual isolated to the heat, in the embodiment, interior aerogel layer and outer aerogel layer are silica aerogel, the steel band adopts the embossing steel band, it is better through rolling steel band cladding performance.
The pressure-resistant layer is arranged around the outer aerogel layer in a wave shape, the inner side of a wave trough of the pressure-resistant layer is abutted to the outer aerogel layer, the inner wall of the sheath layer is abutted to the outer side of a wave crest of the pressure-resistant layer, and in order to improve the fireproof capacity of the pressure-resistant layer, fireproof coatings are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the pressure-resistant layer.
The sheath layer is doped with a flame retardant and extruded outside the pressure-resistant layer.
The optical cable has the compression resistance by the reinforcing piece and the steel belt, the sheath is a primary flame-retardant layer and resists external fire firstly, when the sheath is damaged and the fire or heat is diffused into the optical cable, the compression-resistant layer is not easy to burn because the fireproof coatings are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the compression-resistant layer, in addition, because the aerogel layer is arranged, the external heat is not easy to be conducted to the bundle tube, the normal work of the optical cable is ensured,
further, all be provided with rubber ball 6 between anti-compression layer and the sheath, the rubber ball respectively with correspond the inner wall of sheath, the trough department butt on anti-compression layer, the inside of rubber ball is equipped with cavity 61, is provided with the fire retardant in the cavity, the rubber ball structure is as shown in fig. 1, 2. In addition, the outside of rubber ball is provided with coating 7, and the internal diameter of coating equals with the external diameter of rubber ball, and its left and right sides is equipped with opening 71, the outer wall and the opening part butt of rubber ball, the coating adopts the thermal contraction shape material.
Specifically, the coating is tubulose as shown in fig. 3 or globular as shown in fig. 4, and when the intensity of a fire is great, high temperature conducts to rubber ball and resistance to compression layer through the restrictive coating, and the rubber ball is heated the inflation and splits, and inside fire retardant is through the opening part blowout of the coating left and right sides, slows down the temperature and the intensity of a fire to the inside conduction and the spread of optical cable. The coating adopts the pyrocondensation shape plastics, can sharply contract when being heated, makes the increase of rubber ball internal stress, and the rubber ball is inside to be heated the inflation again, and the coating extrusion stack self inflation makes the rubber ball inflation split more easily. In addition, notches 72 can be formed between the rubber balls and on the outer wall of the coating layer, and the notches are beneficial to reducing the time for the coating layer to shrink under heat.
Furthermore, the cavity is oval, and the connecting line of the optical cable axis and the cavity center is perpendicular to the short axis of the cavity, namely the wall thickness of the rubber ball abutting against the opening of the coating layer is the smallest, namely when the rubber ball is heated or is extruded by the thermal shrinkage of the coating layer, the flame retardant is most easily sprayed out from the position.
It should be noted that flame retardants are to be understood in a broad sense, including fire extinguishing agents.
In addition, heterogeneous flame retardant strips 8 are arranged in gaps between the compression-resistant layer and the heat insulation layer, the shapes of the heterogeneous flame retardant strips are matched with the shapes of the gaps, through holes 81 are formed in the heterogeneous flame retardant strips, and the through holes are uniformly and discontinuously formed in the axial direction of the optical cable, specifically as shown in fig. 5. When the external fire is too big, the heat continues to the inside conduction of optical cable through the resistance to compression layer, and the through-hole is heated the inflation, makes the fire-retardant strip volume grow of isomerism, is full of the space between resistance to compression layer and the insulating layer, further withstands the fire, and the time of the normal communication of extension optic fibre is striven for the valuable time for rescue communication.
The flame-retardant and fireproof action process of the optical cable is as follows: when the external fire catches fire, the sheath layer plays an initial flame retardant role, if the fire is too large, the heat is conducted to the inside of the optical cable, the rubber ball is heated to expand and the superposed coating layer contracts, so that the rubber ball is exploded, the flame retardant in the rubber ball is outwards sprayed out through openings at two sides of the coating layer and is distributed in a gap between the inner wall of the sheath and the compression-resistant layer, and the rubber ball and the fire-resistant layer act together to play a role in preventing the fire from spreading or extinguishing the fire, when the fire or the temperature is difficult to control, and when the flame or the temperature is further conducted inwards, the through hole is heated to expand, so that the size of the heterogeneous flame-retardant strip is increased, the gap between the compression-resistant layer and the thermal insulation layer is filled, the fire is further resisted, at the moment, although the external temperature is higher, because two aerogel layers are arranged in the optical cable, the heat can be effectively isolated, the bundle pipe and the optical fiber are still at the normal temperature, and the time for the normal communication of the optical fiber is prolonged, the rescue time and probability of the trapped people are increased.
Claims (10)
1. A flame-retardant optical cable is characterized by comprising the following components in sequence from inside to outside:
a reinforcement;
the optical units comprise a beam tube and optical fibers arranged in the beam tube in a penetrating mode, and the optical units are arranged around the reinforcing piece in a twisted or parallel mode;
the heat insulation layer sequentially comprises an inner aerogel layer, a steel belt layer and an outer aerogel layer from inside to outside, and the inner aerogel layer wraps the outer side of the light unit;
the pressure-resistant layer is arranged around the outer aerogel layer in a wave shape, and the inner side of a wave trough of the pressure-resistant layer is abutted against the outer aerogel layer;
the restrictive coating is doped with the fire retardant, and the extrusion molding is in the anti-pressure layer outside, the inner wall of restrictive coating with the crest outside butt on anti-pressure layer.
2. The flame-retardant optical cable according to claim 1, wherein a rubber ball is disposed between the pressure-resistant layer and the sheath, a cavity is disposed inside the rubber ball, a flame retardant is disposed in the cavity, and the rubber ball abuts against the inner wall of the sheath and the outer side of the wave trough of the pressure-resistant layer.
3. A fire retardant optical cable according to claim 2, wherein said cavity is oval and the line between the axis of the cable and the center of the cavity is perpendicular to the minor axis of said cavity.
4. The flame-retardant optical cable according to claim 3, wherein a covering layer is arranged on the outer side of the rubber ball, the inner diameter of the covering layer is equal to the outer diameter of the rubber ball, openings are arranged on two sides of the covering layer, the outer wall corresponding to the short axis of the cavity of the rubber ball is abutted to the openings, and the covering layer is made of a heat-shrinkable material.
5. A flame-retardant optical cable according to claim 4, wherein said covering layer has a tubular shape.
6. A flame-retardant optical cable according to claim 4, wherein said covering layer has a spherical shape.
7. The flame-retardant optical cable according to claim 4, wherein the outer wall of the coating layer between every two of the rubber balls is provided with a notch.
8. The flame-retardant optical cable according to claim 1, wherein heterogeneous flame-retardant strips are arranged in gaps between the pressure-resistant layer and the heat-insulating layer, the heterogeneous flame-retardant strips are matched with the gaps in shape, through holes are formed in the heterogeneous flame-retardant strips, and the through holes are uniformly and discontinuously arranged in the axial direction of the optical cable.
9. A fire retardant optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the inner aerogel layer and the outer aerogel layer are both of a silicon aerogel.
10. The flame-retardant optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the inner and outer sides of the pressure-resistant layer are provided with a fire-retardant coating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210044095.1A CN114594556A (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | Flame-retardant optical cable |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210044095.1A CN114594556A (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | Flame-retardant optical cable |
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| CN114594556A true CN114594556A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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| CN202210044095.1A Pending CN114594556A (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | Flame-retardant optical cable |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116400470A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-07-07 | 广东长天光电科技有限公司 | Optical cable for aerospace and preparation method |
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