CN114592356A - Heat insulation material for firefighting clothes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Heat insulation material for firefighting clothes and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114592356A
CN114592356A CN202210269382.2A CN202210269382A CN114592356A CN 114592356 A CN114592356 A CN 114592356A CN 202210269382 A CN202210269382 A CN 202210269382A CN 114592356 A CN114592356 A CN 114592356A
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heat
parts
fire
stirring
aerogel
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陈栋
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • D06M17/04—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics by applying synthetic resins as adhesives
    • D06M17/10—Polyurethanes polyurea
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table; Aluminates
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/22—Polymers or copolymers of halogenated mono-olefins
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    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/26—Polymers or copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
    • D06M2101/28—Acrylonitrile; Methacrylonitrile
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    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides
    • D06M2101/36—Aromatic polyamides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting products, in particular to a thermal insulation material for fire-fighting clothes and a preparation method thereof; the thermal insulation material comprises, by mass, 80-120 parts of aramid fiber, 15-30 parts of aerogel, 5-10 parts of carbon fiber, 20-30 parts of polyacrylate, 60-80 parts of acetone, 10-20 parts of composite dry gel, 20-40 parts of adhesive and 100-200 parts of veil, apertures of different thermal insulation materials are adopted, hole structures are different, the thermal insulation effect is enhanced in a synergistic mode, the fire-fighting suit has a good thermal insulation effect, the thermal insulation effect is increased without increasing the thickness of a thermal insulation layer, the weight of the fire-fighting suit is not increased, and the normal work of a fire fighter cannot be influenced due to the weight problem of the fire-fighting suit.

Description

Heat insulation material for firefighting clothes and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting products, in particular to a heat-insulating material for fire-fighting clothes and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The thermal protection performance of the existing firefighter uniform mainly depends on the thermal insulation layer inside the firefighter uniform, the aramid fiber is usually adopted as the thermal insulation layer material of the existing firefighter uniform at home and abroad, but the thermal insulation layer is required to achieve the ideal thermal protection performance, and the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is increased by a common method. Research shows that although the increase of the thickness of the heat insulation layer is beneficial to improving the heat protection performance of the firefighter uniform, the excessively thick firefighter uniform can influence the activity and prevent the metabolic heat of the human body from dissipating, so that a firefighter working under overload can be influenced by the heat stress effect under the extremely high temperature condition for a long time, the normal heat balance of the human body can be damaged under the influence of the heat stress, and a series of complex changes can be generated physiologically and psychologically. The physiological changes such as body temperature rise, heart rate acceleration, a large amount of sweating amount and the like are shown, and when the conditions are serious, the thermal diseases such as dizziness, nausea, judgment force reduction and the like can be shown, so that the operation efficiency is influenced, and even the life health and safety of firefighters are threatened.
Therefore, the research on the novel firefighter uniform heat insulation layer material which can meet the high-temperature protection requirement and reduce the burden of firefighters is of great significance for improving the working efficiency of firefighters and ensuring the safety and health of the firefighters. However, the novel firefighter uniform heat insulation layer material is slow in development in practical application, and the existing various novel firefighter uniform heat insulation layer materials have the defects that the flexibility is poor, the normal operation of firefighters is influenced, and a method for increasing the thickness of the heat insulation layer is required to be adopted for increasing the heat insulation effect by a single type of heat insulation layer material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermal insulation material for firefighters and a preparation method thereof, which adopt different thermal insulation materials with different pore diameters and pore structures to cooperatively enhance the thermal insulation effect, so that the firefighter uniform has a good thermal insulation effect, and meanwhile, the thermal insulation effect is increased without increasing the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and the weight of the firefighter uniform, and the normal work of firefighters cannot be influenced by the weight of the firefighter uniform.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the heat insulation material for the fire-fighting clothes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0003553974910000021
the preparation method of the heat insulation material for the fire-fighting suit comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding acetone in parts by weight into polyacrylate in parts by weight, and performing ultrasonic dissolution to obtain a polyacrylate solution; slowly adding the aerogel in parts by weight into the polyacrylate solution, stirring at the speed of 60-80 r/min while adding, continuing stirring for 24 hours after adding, adding the carbon fibers in parts by weight, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 hours to obtain a mixed heat-insulating glue solution;
step two: coating the mixed heat-insulating glue solution obtained in the step one on aramid fiber cloth by using a scraper, and drying to obtain heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth;
step three: taking the composite dry gel in parts by mass, adding anhydrous ethanol which is 10-20 times of the mass of the composite dry gel to form a suspension, spraying the suspension on the veil, and drying to obtain the heat-insulating veil;
step four: and (2) respectively and uniformly coating adhesives in parts by mass on one side of the heat-insulating aramid base fabric obtained in the step two and the veil obtained in the step three, enabling the heat-insulating aramid base fabric and the veil to be opposite to each other, bonding the heat-insulating aramid base fabric and the veil to be coated with the flame-retardant adhesive, pressurizing for 10-30 min at the pressurizing pressure of 0.5-0.6 MPa, drying for 6-8 h at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, and drying for 10-12 h at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material for fire-fighting clothing.
The aerogel is the mixture of silica aerogel and graphite alkene aerogel, and the mass ratio is silica aerogel: graphene aerogel 2: 1.
adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into deionized water, stirring and dissolving, adding methyl trimethoxy silane, continuously stirring for 30 min-1 h to hydrolyze methyl trimethoxy silane, slowly adding ammonia water while stirring until the pH value is 9, continuously stirring and aging at the speed of 60-80 r/min for 3-5 h after gel is formed, transferring the aged gel into water to soak for 12h, pouring out supernatant, transferring into an oven, and drying at 40 ℃, 80 ℃ and 120 ℃ for 2h in sequence to obtain the hydrophobically modified silica aerogel.
In the preparation of the silicon dioxide aerogel, the mass ratio of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the deionized water to the methyl trimethoxy silane is that the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide: deionized water: methyltrimethoxysilane ═ 1: 20: 8 to 10.
The carbon fiber is hollow, specifically, polyacrylonitrile fiber is completely soaked in tetraethoxysilane sol for 24 hours, is fished out and naturally dried at room temperature, and is transferred to a muffle furnace in N2Heating to 600-700 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min in the atmosphere, preserving heat for 2h, naturally cooling to room temperature, completely soaking with HF acid, and removing SiO coated on the outer layer2And then washing the carbon fiber with deionized water to obtain the hollow carbon fiber.
The veil is a three-dimensional warp knitting net, and is formed by weaving polyester as an upper layer warp, polyvinyl chloride as an upper layer weft, acrylic as a lower layer warp, and polyamide as a lower layer weft, wherein the upper layer warp and the lower layer weft are mutually sunk and floated and interlaced.
The composite xerogel is SiO2-Al2O3A composite xerogel which is:
dissolving aluminum nitrate in deionized water, stirring and dissolving, heating in water bath at 60 ℃, stirring at the speed of 60-80 r/min, dropwise adding ammonia water until the pH value is 9, continuously stirring for 2-3 h to generate white precipitate,
washing the white precipitate with water for 2-3 times, drying in an oven at 80 ℃, placing the dried white precipitate in a muffle furnace, calcining at 300 ℃ for 2-3 h in the atmosphere, and grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain AlOOH white powder;
adding tetraethoxysilane into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dissolving, heating in a water bath at 60 ℃, stirring at the speed of 60-80 r/min, adding AlOOH white powder, dropwise adding ammonia water until the pH value is 9, keeping the temperature and the stirring speed, continuously stirring for 24 hours, fishing out, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain SiO2-Al2O3And (3) compounding the xerogel.
After the aluminum nitrate is dissolved, the following chemical reaction occurs when ammonia water is dripped dropwise,
Al(NO3)3+NH3·H2O→Al(OH)3+NH4 NO3
under the alkaline environment, the following chemical reactions continue to occur
Al(OH)3→γ-AlOOH↓+H2O
SiO with three-dimensional network structure formed by tetraethoxysilane2The gel process takes place with the following chemical reactions:
and (3) hydrolysis reaction:
Figure BDA0003553974910000041
and (3) polycondensation reaction:
Figure BDA0003553974910000042
and (3) dehydration reaction:
Figure BDA0003553974910000043
the mass ratio of the aluminum nitrate to the deionized water is as follows: deionized water 1: 10; the mass ratio of the tetraethoxysilane to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the AlOOH white powder is 10: 100: 5 to 6.
The adhesive is a polyurethane adhesive.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. coating silicon dioxide aerogel, graphene aerogel and carbon fibers on aramid fibers to prepare heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth, and coating SiO on the aramid fibers2-Al2O3Spraying composite xerogel on and in the meshes of the veil three-dimensional woven mesh to form a heat-insulating three-dimensional woven mesh, connecting the heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth with the veil three-dimensional woven mesh by using an adhesive to form a heat-insulating material for fire-fighting clothes, and mixing aerogel and SiO2-Al2O3The excellent heat-insulating property of the composite xerogel is combined, and a three-dimensional woven mesh is designed to realize the SiO pairing2-Al2O3The composite xerogel effective load does not increase the thickness of the heat insulation layer and the weight of the firefighter uniform while increasing the heat insulation effect, and does not influence the normal work of firefighters due to the weight problem of the firefighter uniform.
2. The invention adopts aerogel which is the mixture of silicon dioxide aerogel and graphene aerogel, the average value of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel is about 0.03W/J.K, the average value of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the graphene aerogel is about 0.035W/J.K, and SiO is adopted2-Al2O3Composite xerogel, SiO2-Al2O3The thermal conductivity coefficient of the composite xerogel at room temperature is about 0.02W/J.K, in addition, carbon fibers are added, the composite xerogel is hollow carbon fibers, the interior of the composite xerogel is hollow, the air thermal conductivity coefficient inside the hollow carbon fibers is low, and the composite xerogel has a good heat insulation effect, and the hollow carbon fibers, silicon dioxide aerogel, graphene aerogel and SiO2-Al2O3The composite xerogel is of a porous structure, the pore heat insulation effect is good, the composite xerogel is matched with aramid fiber to enhance the heat insulation effect, and the pore diameter and pore structure of different heat insulation materials are different to synergistically enhance the heat insulation effect.
3. The silica aerogel is the hydrophobic modified silica aerogel, has characteristics such as being of value to thermal-insulated effect and light such as ultra-low density, high porosity and three-dimensional level nanostructured, has still strengthened silica aerogel's surface hydrophobicity for hydrophobic modified silica aerogel is difficult for absorbing the moisture in the air, can not lead to the decline of compound fabric intensity with it because of the increase of moisture, simultaneously, behind the hydrophobic modification, make the fire control clothing heat insulating material that has coated with hydrophobic modified silica aerogel have certain self-cleaning effect outside having better thermal-insulated effect.
4. Use polyurethane adhesive with silica aerogel, graphite alkene aerogel and carbon fiber bonding on aramid fiber, the bonding is firm, can not take place the phenomenon that drops after long-time the use, uses the scraper with silica aerogel, graphite alkene aerogel and carbon fiber coating on aramid fiber, control coating thickness is comparatively convenient, comparatively easy control is to the influence of aramid fiber pliability.
5. The veil is a three-dimensional woven net, is woven into a net structure by various heat-insulating flame-retardant fibers, has certain heat-insulating flame-retardant and air-permeable effects, and is a super heat-insulating material SiO2-Al2O3Spraying the mixture on a three-dimensional woven net to ensure that SiO is formed2-Al2O3Deposited in fiber gaps and grids of the three-dimensional woven mesh, a nano-pore structure is added to the three-dimensional woven mesh, and the heat insulation effect of the nano-pore structure is further exerted.
6. The heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth and the veil are connected and fixed through the flame-retardant adhesive, so that the integral structure of the heat-insulating material for the fire-fighting suit is ensured, the integral mechanical strength of the heat-insulating material for the fire-fighting suit is increased, and meanwhile, the SiO super heat-insulating material can be further ensured2-Al2O3Silica aerogel, graphene aerogel and carbon fiber do not fall off.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The heat insulation material for the fire-fighting clothes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of aramid fiber, 15 parts of aerogel, 5 parts of carbon fiber, 20 parts of polyacrylate, 60 parts of acetone, 10 parts of composite xerogel, 20 parts of adhesive and 100 parts of veil;
the preparation method of the heat insulation material for the fire-fighting suit comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding acetone in parts by weight into polyacrylate in parts by weight, and performing ultrasonic dissolution to obtain a polyacrylate solution; slowly adding the aerogel in parts by mass into the polyacrylate solution, stirring at the speed of 60r/min while adding, continuing stirring for 24 hours after adding, adding the carbon fibers in parts by mass, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a mixed heat-insulating glue solution;
step two: coating the mixed heat-insulating glue solution obtained in the step one on aramid fiber cloth by using a scraper, and drying to obtain heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth;
step three: taking the composite dry gel in parts by mass, adding anhydrous ethanol which is 10 times of the mass of the composite dry gel to form a suspension, spraying the suspension on the veil, and drying to obtain the heat-insulating veil;
step four: and (2) respectively and uniformly coating the adhesive in parts by mass on one side of the heat-insulating aramid base fabric obtained in the step two and the veil obtained in the step three, enabling the sides of the heat-insulating aramid base fabric and the veil coated with the flame-retardant adhesive to be opposite, mutually bonding, pressurizing for 10min, wherein the pressurizing pressure is 0.5MPa, drying for 6h at the temperature of 40 ℃, and drying for 10h at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material for the fire-fighting clothing.
Example 2
The heat insulation material for the fire-fighting clothes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of aramid fiber, 30 parts of aerogel, 10 parts of carbon fiber, 30 parts of polyacrylate, 80 parts of acetone, 20 parts of composite xerogel, 40 parts of adhesive and 200 parts of veil;
the preparation method of the heat insulation material for the fire-fighting suit comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding acetone in parts by weight into polyacrylate in parts by weight, and performing ultrasonic dissolution to obtain a polyacrylate solution; slowly adding the aerogel in parts by weight into the polyacrylate solution, stirring at the speed of 80r/min while adding, continuing stirring for 24 hours after adding, adding the carbon fibers in parts by weight, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours to obtain a mixed heat-insulation glue solution;
step two: coating the mixed heat-insulating glue solution obtained in the step one on aramid fiber cloth by using a scraper, and drying to obtain heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth;
step three: taking the composite dry gel in parts by mass, adding anhydrous ethanol which is 10-20 times of the mass of the composite dry gel to form a suspension, spraying the suspension on the veil, and drying to obtain the heat-insulating veil;
step four: and (2) respectively and uniformly coating the adhesive in parts by mass on one side of the heat-insulating aramid base fabric obtained in the step two and the veil obtained in the step three, enabling the sides of the heat-insulating aramid base fabric and the veil coated with the flame-retardant adhesive to be opposite, mutually bonding, pressurizing for 30min, wherein the pressurizing pressure is 0.6MPa, drying for 8h at the temperature of 60 ℃, and drying for 12h at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material for the fire-fighting clothing.
Example 3
The heat insulation material for the fire-fighting clothes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of aramid fiber, 20 parts of aerogel, 7 parts of carbon fiber, 25 parts of polyacrylate, 70 parts of acetone, 15 parts of composite xerogel, 30 parts of adhesive and 150 parts of veil;
the preparation method of the heat insulation material for the fire-fighting suit comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding acetone in parts by weight into polyacrylate in parts by weight, and performing ultrasonic dissolution to obtain a polyacrylate solution; slowly adding the aerogel in parts by mass into the polyacrylate solution, stirring at the speed of 70r/min while adding, continuing stirring for 24 hours after adding, adding the carbon fibers in parts by mass, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1.5 hours to obtain a mixed heat-insulating glue solution;
step two: coating the mixed heat-insulating glue solution obtained in the step one on aramid fiber cloth by using a scraper, and drying to obtain heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth;
step three: taking the composite dry gel in parts by weight, adding absolute ethyl alcohol 15 times of the weight of the composite dry gel to form a suspension, spraying the suspension on the veil, and drying to obtain the heat-insulation veil;
step four: and (2) respectively and uniformly coating the adhesive in parts by mass on one side of the heat-insulating aramid base fabric obtained in the step two and the veil obtained in the step three, enabling the sides of the heat-insulating aramid base fabric and the veil coated with the flame-retardant adhesive to be opposite, mutually bonding, pressurizing for 20min, wherein the pressurizing pressure is 0.5MPa, drying for 7h at 50 ℃, and drying for 11h at 100 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material for the fire-fighting clothing.
The overall thermal protection performance is tested according to the specification of GA 10-2014 'firefighter fire-extinguishing protective clothing', the thermal insulation material for the firefighter clothing prepared in the examples 1-3 replaces Kev l ar thermal insulation fiber of the thermal insulation layer fabric in the existing firefighter clothing, the test is carried out on the firefighter clothing in the existing market in the comparative example, the overall thermal protection performance is replaced by TPP value, and the TPP value is not less than 28, so that the product is qualified.
Figure BDA0003553974910000091
As shown in the table, the heat-insulating material for the firefighter uniform prepared by the method has lower heat conductivity coefficient, and has better integral heat protection performance when being used in the firefighter uniform.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. The heat insulation material for the fire-fighting suit is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
Figure FDA0003553974900000011
the preparation method of the heat insulation material for the fire-fighting suit comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding acetone in parts by weight into polyacrylate in parts by weight, and performing ultrasonic dissolution to obtain a polyacrylate solution; slowly adding the aerogel in parts by mass into a polyacrylate solution, stirring at the speed of 60-80 r/min while adding, continuing stirring for 24 hours after the addition is finished, adding the carbon fibers in parts by mass, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 hours to obtain a mixed heat-insulating glue solution;
step two: coating the mixed heat-insulating glue solution obtained in the step one on aramid fiber cloth by using a scraper, and drying to obtain heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth;
step three: taking the composite dry gel in parts by mass, adding anhydrous ethanol which is 10-20 times of the mass of the composite dry gel to form a suspension, spraying the suspension on the veil, and drying to obtain the heat-insulating veil;
step four: and (2) respectively and uniformly coating the adhesive in parts by mass on one side of the heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth obtained in the step two and the veil obtained in the step three, enabling the heat-insulating aramid fiber base cloth and the veil to be opposite to each other on the side coated with the flame-retardant adhesive, mutually bonding, pressurizing for 10-30 min at the pressurizing pressure of 0.5-0.6 MPa, drying for 6-8 h at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, and drying for 10-12 h at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating material for fire-fighting clothing.
2. The heat insulating material for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 1, wherein: the aerogel is the mixture of silica aerogel and graphite alkene aerogel, and the mass ratio is silica aerogel: graphene aerogel 2: 1.
3. the heat insulating material for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 2, wherein: adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into deionized water, stirring and dissolving, adding methyl trimethoxy silane, continuously stirring for 30 min-1 h to hydrolyze methyl trimethoxy silane, slowly adding ammonia water while stirring until the pH value is 9, continuously stirring and aging at the speed of 60-80 r/min for 3-5 h after gel is formed, transferring the aged gel into water to soak for 12h, pouring out supernatant, transferring into an oven, and drying at 40 ℃, 80 ℃ and 120 ℃ for 2h in sequence to obtain the hydrophobically modified silica aerogel.
4. The heat insulating material for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 3, wherein: in the preparation of the silicon dioxide aerogel, the mass ratio of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the deionized water to the methyl trimethoxy silane is that: deionized water: methyltrimethoxysilane ═ 1: 20: 8 to 10.
5. According to claim1 the heat insulation material for the fire-fighting clothing is characterized in that: the carbon fiber is hollow, specifically, polyacrylonitrile fiber is completely soaked in tetraethoxysilane sol for 24 hours, is fished out and naturally dried at room temperature, and is transferred to a muffle furnace in N2Heating to 600-700 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min in the atmosphere, preserving heat for 2h, naturally cooling to room temperature, completely soaking with HF acid, and removing SiO coated on the outer layer2And then washing the carbon fiber with deionized water to obtain the hollow carbon fiber.
6. The heat insulating material for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 1, wherein: the surface yarn is a three-dimensional warp knitted net and is formed by interweaving polyester as an upper layer warp yarn, polyvinyl chloride as an upper layer weft yarn, acrylic as a lower layer warp yarn, polyimide as a lower layer weft yarn, and the upper layer warp yarn and the lower layer weft yarn are mutually up-down and up-down.
7. The heat insulating material for firefighting suits according to claim 1, wherein said composite xerogel is SiO2-Al2O3A composite xerogel which is:
dissolving aluminum nitrate in deionized water, stirring and dissolving, heating in water bath at 60 ℃, stirring at the speed of 60-80 r/min, dropwise adding ammonia water until the pH value is 9, continuously stirring for 2-3 h to generate white precipitate,
washing the white precipitate with water for 2-3 times, drying in an oven at 80 ℃, putting the dried white precipitate in a muffle furnace, calcining at 300 ℃ for 2-3 h in the atmosphere, and grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain AlOOH white powder;
adding tetraethoxysilane into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dissolving, heating in a water bath at 60 ℃, stirring at the speed of 60-80 r/min, adding AlOOH white powder, dropwise adding ammonia water until the pH is 9, keeping the temperature and the stirring speed, continuously stirring for 24 hours, fishing out, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain SiO2-Al2O3And (3) compounding the xerogel.
8. The heat insulating material for fire-fighting clothing of claim 7, wherein: the mass ratio of the aluminum nitrate to the deionized water is as follows: deionized water 1: 10; the mass ratio of the tetraethoxysilane to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the AlOOH white powder is 10: 100: 5 to 6.
9. The heat insulating material for fire-fighting clothing according to claim 1, wherein: the adhesive is a polyurethane adhesive.
CN202210269382.2A 2022-03-18 2022-03-18 Heat insulation material for firefighting clothes and preparation method thereof Pending CN114592356A (en)

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