CN111844983A - Composite material formed by laminating silica aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material and fabric and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite material formed by laminating silica aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material and fabric and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111844983A CN111844983A CN201910299943.1A CN201910299943A CN111844983A CN 111844983 A CN111844983 A CN 111844983A CN 201910299943 A CN201910299943 A CN 201910299943A CN 111844983 A CN111844983 A CN 111844983A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/02—Layered materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/06—Thermally protective, e.g. insulating
- A41D31/065—Thermally protective, e.g. insulating using layered materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
- E04H15/54—Covers of tents or canopies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0264—Polyester
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
- B32B2437/02—Gloves, shoes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
- B32B2437/04—Caps, helmets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite material laminated by bonding a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and a fabric, and a preparation method and application thereof. Through the mode, the heat-insulating moisture-permeable material with the multilayer novel structure has the performance advantages of wind prevention, rain prevention, water permeation, heat insulation, heat preservation and the like, fully exerts the advantages, is used for manufacturing various warm-keeping clothes, tents, protective clothing and shoes and hats, can eliminate the discomfort caused by stuffiness and dampness of human bodies due to air impermeability, enhances the comfort of users, and improves the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material formed by laminating a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation material and a fabric, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The fabric on the market at present has poor heat-insulating effect, and particularly in spring, autumn and winter, people need to wear thick outer-sleeved cotton clothes, woolen sweaters, cotton trousers, down jackets, thick shoes and hats and the like; or the clothes made of the artificial leather is moisture-proof, and a sealed artificial climate environment is formed between the clothes and a human body, so that people can feel stuffy, damp and hot, and bad reactions such as skin itch and allergy can be caused after wearing the clothes for a long time, and the healthy life is influenced; the ultrathin PVC or PU plastic air-impermeable film is also used in the lining of the thermal fabric to enhance the wind resistance, prevent hot air from permeating out, easily cause static electricity and have strong stuffy feeling, the static electricity accelerates the drying of skin and the generation of dermatitis, and the stuffy feeling causes sweat steam of a human body to be bonded on the surfaces of underwear and the human body to cause dermatitis and eczema; at present, the heat-preservation effect of the heat-preservation fabric (such as all-round fabric, polyester cotton and chemical fiber) is common in the market.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a composite material formed by laminating a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material and a fabric, a preparation method and application thereof, can have the performances of wind prevention, rain penetration prevention, heat insulation and heat preservation and the like, can be used in extreme environments of severe cold and severe summer, and saves a large amount of energy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: firstly, preparing the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material, then coating an adhesive on the fabric, attaching the fabric to the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material, carrying out hot-pressing drying, and finally curing at room temperature for more than 24 hours to obtain the composite material laminated by attaching the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material to the fabric.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesive is a solvent-type PU adhesive, and is formed by diluting aromatic PU resin with toluene or MEK or DMF or ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate), and the viscosity range of the adhesive is 20,000 +/-3,000 cps/LVT/25 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fabric is a sheet-like object woven from textile fibers, including apparel textiles, decorative textiles, and industrial textiles.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material is a material which is formed by wrapping and combining silica aerogel particle powder and a high molecular polymer by a foaming process to form a structure with complete open pores, completely closed pores or semi-open semi-closed pores, wherein the silica aerogel particle powder is embedded on the pore walls formed by the high molecular polymer, and the preparation method comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing raw materials comprising 1-40wt% of the silica aerogel particle powder and the high molecular polymer, then pressurizing and heating the raw materials to be fully and uniformly kneaded, extruding the kneaded raw materials into pull pieces, and carrying out a continuous or intermittent foaming process on the pull pieces to prepare the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high molecular polymer includes a granular powder formed by mixing one or more of polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP, polyethylene terephthalate PET, ethylene, vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane PU, polyimide PI, epoxy resin, Melamine, natural rubber NR, styrene butadiene rubber SBR, butadiene rubber BR, isoprene rubber IR, chloroprene rubber CR, butyl rubber IIR, butadiene acrylonitrile rubber NBR, hydrogenated butadiene acrylonitrile rubber HNBR, ethylene propylene rubber EPM, and EPDM in proportion.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material further comprises a vulcanizing agent, which is an organic vulcanizing agent, including one or more combinations of organic peroxides, quinone oxime compounds, polysulfide polymers, urethane and maleimide derivatives, for activating the double bonds of the high molecular polymer to further polymerize.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material further comprises a flame retardant, wherein the flame retardant is selected from inorganic flame retardants and organic flame retardants, including one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, halogen-based flame retardants, nitrogen-phosphorus-based flame retardants and nitrogen-based flame retardants.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material may further comprise 1 to 20wt% of glass particles.
The invention also relates to a composite material formed by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric, which is prepared according to the method, wherein the fabric is laminated on one side or two sides of the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material.
The invention also relates to the application of the composite material formed by laminating the silica aerogel soft elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric, which is used for manufacturing thermal clothes, tents, protective clothing or shoes and hats.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the silica aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material and the fabric are coated, laminated and firmly attached to one side or two sides of the fabric by the adhesive, so that the heat-insulation and heat-preservation and moisture-permeable material with a multi-layer novel structure is formed, has the advantages of softness, heat insulation, heat preservation, moisture permeability and attractiveness, gives full play to the advantages, is used for manufacturing heat-insulation clothes, tents, protective clothing and shoes and hats, can eliminate the discomfort caused by stuffiness and dampness of human bodies due to air impermeability, enhances the comfort of users, and improves the product quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the composite material of the present invention in which a silica aerogel soft and elastic thermal insulation material and a fabric material are laminated;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another preferred embodiment of the silica aerogel thermal insulation material laminated with a fabric material.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
a composite material laminated by laminating silica aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation and preservation material and fabric comprises a silica aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation and preservation material 1 and a fabric 2, wherein the fabric 2 is laminated on one side or two sides of the silica aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation and preservation material 1 to form a heat insulation and moisture permeable material with a multilayer structure, as shown in figures 1 and 2.
The heat-insulating and moisture-permeable material is used for manufacturing heat-insulating clothes, tents, protective clothing or shoes and hats, so that the heat-insulating clothes, tents, protective clothing or shoes and hats have the performances of wind resistance, rainwater penetration resistance, softness, heat insulation, moisture permeability, attractive appearance and the like.
Moisture permeability means: the heat preservation and the humidity among the human body, the clothes and the external environment meet the heat balance requirement of the human body comfort, so that the heat, the humidity and other conditions between the surface of the human body and the inner layer of the clothes are within the physiological regulation range of the human body, a comfortable microminiature climate environment between the surface of the human body and the inner layer of the clothes is created, the molecular diameter of water vapor formed by sweating by regulating the body temperature of a person is only 0.0004 mu m, the micro-fiber of the fabric forms micro-pores of a moisture-permeable channel with better inside and outside permeability, the micro-pores can allow the sweat and the wet vapor to permeate, the fabric has excellent moisture permeability, the water vapor discharged by the human body can be timely transmitted to the external environment, the water vapor is prevented from being condensed into liquid water in the climate of the inner clothes, the loss possibility of the conduction heat is reduced, the feeling of tightness, the humidity and the humidity is not.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the composite material laminated by the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and the fabric, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material 1, then coating the adhesive 3 on the fabric 2, laminating the fabric with the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material 1, and carrying out hot-pressing drying at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, and finally curing at room temperature for more than 24 hours to obtain the composite material laminated by the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and the fabric.
The adhesive is solvent type PU adhesive, aromatic PU resin is diluted by toluene or MEK or DMF or ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate) to form the adhesive, and the viscosity range of the adhesive is 20,000 +/-3,000 cps/LVT/25 ℃.
Wherein, the thickness of the adhesive can be adjusted according to the type of the bonding material and the required physical property, and the drying condition can be adjusted according to the thickness of the adhesive and the efficiency of the oven.
Textile fabrics are sheet-like objects woven from textile fibers, including apparel textiles, decorative textiles, and industrial textiles.
The textile for clothing includes various textile fabrics for making clothing, various textile auxiliary materials such as sewing threads, elastic bands and collar linings, knitted garments, gloves, socks and the like.
The textile for decoration has more outstanding characteristics than other textiles in the aspects of variety structure, weave pattern, color matching and the like, and can also be said to be an industrial art. The decorative textiles can be classified into indoor textiles, bed textiles, and outdoor textiles.
The industrial textile has wide application range and a plurality of varieties, and is commonly provided with covering cloth, gun cloth, filter cloth, screen cloth, roadbed step and the like.
Common fabric materials include: cotton, linen, silk, wool, leather, chemical fiber, blended fabrics, and the like.
Cotton cloth is a general name of various cotton textiles. It is used for making fashion, casual wear, underwear and shirt.
Linen is a cloth made of various hemp plant fibers such as flax, ramie, jute, sisal, abaca and the like.
Silk is a general name of various silk fabrics woven by taking silk as a raw material.
Woolen cloth, also called woolen material, is a generic name for fabrics woven from various kinds of wool and cashmere. It is generally suitable for making formal and high-grade clothes such as dresses, suits, overcoat, etc.
Leather is an animal fur fabric which is tanned. It is used for making fashionable dress and winter dress. And can be divided into two categories: one is leather, i.e. dehaired leather. Secondly, the fur is the treated leather with fur.
Chemical fiber is a short name for chemical fiber. It is a textile of fiber made by using high molecular compound as raw material. Generally, it is divided into two categories, artificial fiber and synthetic fiber.
Blending is a fabric which is formed by mixing and spinning natural fibers and chemical fibers according to a certain proportion and can be used for manufacturing various clothes.
The silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation and preservation material is a material which is formed by wrapping and combining silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder and high molecular polymer by a foaming process and has a completely open-pore, completely closed-pore or semi-open and semi-closed-pore structure, wherein the silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder is embedded on the pore wall formed by the high molecular polymer to form compact combination rich in elasticity and flexibility.
The particle powder of the silicon dioxide aerogel is tightly wrapped and bound by the bubble wall of the high polymer material, so that the aerogel has good tensile, compression and bending properties, the composite material can resist external force impact, the aerogel does not fall off, and the defect of dust dissipation of the fiber aerogel felt is overcome.
The cell walls of the high polymer material are tightly wrapped and bound with a large amount of silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder with a nano-microporous structure, so that the heat conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder is extremely low, and the room-temperature heat conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel with a high specific surface area can be as low as 0.013W/(m.k), so that the heat conductivity of the high polymer material cell walls of the composite material is greatly reduced, and the composite material has a low heat conductivity coefficient.
The thermal conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material is in the range of 0.021W/(m.k) -0.029W/(m.k), the thermal conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material is equal to or lower than that of air, and the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material has excellent thermal insulation performance. The composite material is attached and placed between a target object and a heat source, so that heat insulation protection can be realized, and the target object is protected from being influenced by the heat source.
A preparation method of a soft elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material of silicon dioxide aerogel comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder, a high polymer material, a foaming agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a flame retardant, a coupling agent, a reinforcing agent, an antioxidant, a stabilizer, a filling agent, a coloring agent and the like in a stirrer, then putting the mixture into an internal mixer, pressurizing, heating, fully and uniformly kneading, putting the kneaded raw materials into an extruder, extruding the raw materials into sheets, cutting the sheets into blanks with certain size and weight, putting the blanks into a foaming machine, taking out the foamed and molded composite materials after continuous foaming or intermittent foaming process technology, and carrying out subsequent die cutting, longitudinal cutting, sectioning and other processing to obtain the soft elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation composite material of silicon dioxide aerogel which is in a roll shape or a block sheet.
The high molecular polymer comprises granular powder formed by mixing one or more than two of Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ethylene, vinyl acetate copolymer, Polyurethane (PU), Polyimide (PI), epoxy resin, Melamine (Melamine), Natural Rubber (NR), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Butadiene Rubber (BR), Isoprene Rubber (IR), Chloroprene Rubber (CR), butyl rubber (IIR), butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (HNBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM) in proportion.
The silicon dioxide aerogel is a light nano porous amorphous solid material with excellent heat-proof and heat-insulating properties, the porosity of the material is as high as 80-99.8%, the typical size of the pores is 1-100nm, and the specific surface area is 200-2The thermal conductivity coefficient at room temperature can be as low as 0.013W/(m.k), and the material is a new material for heat insulation and heat preservation. The raw material of the invention comprises 1-40wt% of silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder.
The foaming agent in the foaming process is a chemical foaming agent and comprises 2, 2 '-azobisisobutyronitrile, diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, barium azodicarboxylate, diethyl azodicarboxylate, azoaminobenzene, nitroso compounds, N' -dimethyl-N, N '-dinitrosoterephthalamide, benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide, 4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, 3 '-disulfonyl hydrazide diphenyl sulfone, 1, 3-benzenedisulfonyl hydrazide, p-toluenesulfonyl semicarbazide, 4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonyl semicarbazide, trihydrazino triazine, 5-phenyltetrazole or polysiloxane-polyalkoxy ether copolymer.
The continuous foaming technology of the high polymer material generally comprises twin-screw continuous extrusion molding foaming and spraying foaming. The techniques for intermittent foaming include injection molding foaming, molding, blow molding, casting, and the like.
The raw materials further comprise a vulcanizing agent which is an organic vulcanizing agent and comprises one or more combinations of organic peroxides (such as benzoyl peroxide and dicumyl peroxide), quinone oxime compounds, polysulfide polymers, urethane and maleimide derivatives, and the vulcanizing agent is used for activating double bonds of the high molecular polymer to further polymerize.
The raw materials further comprise a filler which comprises talcum powder, calcium carbonate, quartz sand or carborundum and is used for further improving the specified characteristics of the composite material, such as density, hardness or glossiness.
The raw materials further comprise flame retardants which are divided into inorganic flame retardants and organic flame retardants, including one or a combination of more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, halogen flame retardants (organic chlorides and organic bromides), nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardants and nitrogen flame retardants.
The raw materials further comprise colorants for adjusting the color of the composite material, including organic colorants and inorganic colorants, including carbon black, titanium dioxide, zinc powder, cadmium red, ferric oxide, chrome yellow, zinc yellow and the like.
Example 1: the method comprises the following steps of tightly wrapping a large amount of silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder with a nano-microporous structure by using polyethylene PE high molecular chains, wherein the raw materials comprise: 100kg of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), 15kg of Azodicarbonamide (AC), 0.6-0.8 kg of dicumyl peroxide (DCP), 3kg of zinc oxide (ZnO), 1kg of zinc stearate (ZnSt) and 20wt% of silica aerogel.
The preparation method of the intermittent die-pressing foaming block sheet comprises the following steps: separately mixing low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) into a first powder, mixing Azodicarbonamide (AC), zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc stearate (ZnSt) and silica aerogel into a second powder, then putting the first powder and the second powder into an internal mixer, pressurizing and heating the first powder and the second powder to sufficiently and uniformly knead, putting the kneaded raw materials into an extruder to extrude into pull pieces, cutting the pull pieces into blanks with certain size and weight, putting the blanks into an in-film foaming machine to foam, inspecting after foaming is finished, and finally processing the blanks into block sheets.
Example 2: the method comprises the following steps of tightly wrapping a large amount of silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder with a nano-microporous structure by using polyethylene PE high molecular chains, wherein the raw materials comprise: 100kg of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), 15kg of Azodicarbonamide (AC), 0.6-0.8 kg of dicumyl peroxide (DCP), 3kg of zinc oxide (ZnO), 1kg of zinc stearate (ZnSt), 40wt% of silica aerogel, 15wt% of magnesium hydroxide flame retardant and 5wt% of aluminum hydroxide flame retardant. The particle size of the magnesium hydroxide flame retardant is 325-800 meshes, and the particle size of the aluminum hydroxide flame retardant is 325-800 meshes.
The preparation method of the intermittent die-pressing foaming block sheet comprises the following steps: separately mixing low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) into a first powder, mixing Azodicarbonamide (AC), zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc stearate (ZnSt), silica aerogel, a magnesium hydroxide flame retardant and an aluminum hydroxide flame retardant into a second powder, putting the first powder and the second powder into an internal mixer, pressurizing, heating, fully kneading uniformly, putting kneaded raw materials into an extruder, extruding into pull pieces, cutting into blanks with certain size and weight, putting the blanks into an in-film foaming machine for foaming, inspecting after foaming, and finally processing into block sheets with flame retardant property.
Example 3: the particle powder and the glass beads of the silicon dioxide aerogel which is bound with a large number of nano-microporous structures are tightly wrapped by polyethylene PE high molecular chains, and the raw materials comprise: 100kg of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), 15kg of Azodicarbonamide (AC), 0.6-0.8 kg of dicumyl peroxide (DCP), 3kg of zinc oxide (ZnO), 1kg of zinc stearate (ZnSt), 15wt% of silica aerogel and 15wt% of glass beads.
The preparation method of the continuous foaming roll-shaped sheet comprises the following steps: separately mixing low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) into a first powder, mixing Azodicarbonamide (AC), zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc stearate (ZnSt), silica aerogel and glass beads into a second powder, putting the first powder and the second powder into an internal mixer, pressurizing and heating the first powder and the second powder to be sufficiently and uniformly kneaded, putting the kneaded raw materials into an extruder to be extruded into pull pieces, cutting the pull pieces into blank pieces with certain sizes and weights, extruding and calendaring the blank pieces, putting the blank pieces into a foaming machine to be crosslinked and foamed, then performing cell shaping, finally performing water washing and drying, and coiling to form a coiled sheet.
Example 4: the particle powder and the glass beads of the silicon dioxide aerogel which is bound with a large number of nano-microporous structures are tightly wrapped by polyethylene PE high molecular chains, and the raw materials comprise: 100kg of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), 15kg of Azodicarbonamide (AC), 0.6-0.8 kg of dicumyl peroxide (DCP), 3kg of zinc oxide (ZnO), 1kg of zinc stearate (ZnSt), 10wt% of silica aerogel, 10wt% of glass beads, 15wt% of magnesium hydroxide flame retardant and 5wt% of aluminum hydroxide flame retardant. The particle size of the magnesium hydroxide flame retardant is 325-800 meshes, and the particle size of the aluminum hydroxide flame retardant is 325-800 meshes.
The preparation method of the continuous foaming roll-shaped sheet comprises the following steps: separately mixing low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) into a first powder, mixing Azodicarbonamide (AC), zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc stearate (ZnSt), silica aerogel, glass beads, a magnesium hydroxide flame retardant and an aluminum hydroxide flame retardant into a second powder, putting the first powder and the second powder into an internal mixer, pressurizing, heating, fully kneading uniformly, putting the kneaded raw materials into an extruder, extruding into a pulling sheet, cutting into a blank with a certain size and weight, extruding and calendaring the blank, putting the blank into a foaming machine for cross-linking foaming, then performing cell shaping, finally washing with water, drying, and coiling to form a coiled sheet with flame retardant property.
Example 5: fixing silica aerogel particle powder by using other high-molecular bubble walls, wherein the raw materials comprise: 35wt% of silica aerogel, 100kg of a 3000 molecular weight polyether, 47kg of toluene diisocyanate (80/20), 0.2kg of triethylene diamine, 0.3kg of stannous octoate, 2.3kg of silicone oil and 3.5kg of distilled water.
The preparation method of the intermittent foaming block-shaped sheet material for the box body comprises the steps of mixing all the raw materials at a high speed for more than 8 seconds at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, and pouring the mixture into the box body for foaming into blocks.
Example 6: fixing silica aerogel particle powder with polyisocyanurate foam walls, the raw materials comprising: 40% by weight of silica aerogel, 80.5kg of crude MDI, 100kg of polyisocyanate, 6.1kg of hydroxyl-containing compound, 10kg of phosphorus-containing polyether, 1.43kg of propylene oxide (containing a trimerization catalyst), 0.86kg of silicone oil surfactant, 20kg of 3003 polyether, 10kg of foaming agent F-II, 0.5kg of alkylphosphorus compound, 0.58kg of trisphenol, 0.5kg of surfactant and 0.58kg of aziridine.
In the preparation method of the continuous foaming blocky sheet, emulsification is carried out for at least 18 seconds and solidification is carried out for 45 seconds in the process of fully mixing all the raw materials, and then pulling pieces, cutting into granules and foaming are carried out.
Polyisocyanurate foam (PIR) has a long-term use temperature of 150-180 ℃ and more excellent flame retardancy, and further the modified polyisocyanurate comprises: urethanes, epoxies, polyimides, carbodiimides, and the like.
In the comprehensive embodiments 1-6, the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material has the advantages of simple process, low material cost and small equipment investment, and the produced composite material has the advantages of large size and continuous production.
According to the invention, the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material and the fabric are coated, laminated and firmly attached to one side or two sides of the fabric by using the adhesive, so that the heat-insulation and heat-preservation moisture-permeable material with a multilayer novel structure is formed, has the performance advantages of wind resistance, rainwater penetration resistance, heat insulation and heat preservation and the like, gives full play to the advantages, is used for manufacturing various warm-keeping clothes, tents, protective clothing and shoes and hats, can eliminate the discomfort caused by stuffiness and dampness of a human body due to air impermeability, enhances the comfort of a user.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a composite material laminated by bonding a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and a fabric is characterized by comprising the steps of firstly preparing the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material, then coating an adhesive on the fabric, bonding the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material with the fabric, carrying out hot-pressing drying, and finally curing at room temperature for more than 24 hours to obtain the composite material laminated by bonding the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and the fabric.
2. The method for preparing the composite material by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric material according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive is solvent type PU adhesive, the aromatic PU resin is diluted by toluene or MEK or DMF or ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate) to form the adhesive, and the viscosity range of the adhesive is 20,000 +/-3,000 cps/LVT/25 ℃.
3. The method for preparing a composite material by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a sheet-shaped object woven by textile fibers, and comprises a clothing textile, a decoration textile and an industrial textile.
4. The method for preparing the composite material by laminating the silica aerogel flexible and elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation and preservation material is a material which is formed by wrapping and combining silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder and high molecular polymer by a foaming process and has a completely open-pore, completely closed-pore or semi-open and semi-closed-pore structure, wherein the silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder is embedded on the hole wall formed by the high molecular polymer, the preparation method comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing the silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder containing 1-40wt% and the raw material of the high molecular polymer, and then pressurizing and heating the mixture to fully knead the mixture evenly, extruding the kneaded raw materials into pull pieces, and carrying out continuous or intermittent foaming on the pull pieces to prepare the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation material.
5. The method for preparing the composite material laminated by the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric material according to claim 4, wherein the high molecular polymer comprises one or more than two of polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ethylene, vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane PU, polyimide PI, epoxy resin, Melamine Melamine, natural rubber NR, Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Butadiene Rubber (BR), Isoprene Rubber (IR), Chloroprene Rubber (CR), butyl rubber IIR, butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (HNBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM) which are mixed according to a proportion to form particle powder.
6. The method for preparing the composite material by laminating the silica aerogel flexible and elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric lining according to claim 4, wherein the raw material further comprises a vulcanizing agent, the vulcanizing agent is an organic vulcanizing agent and comprises one or more combinations of organic peroxides, quinone oxime compounds, polysulfide polymers, urethanes and maleimide derivatives, and the vulcanizing agent is used for activating the double bonds of the high molecular polymers to further polymerize.
7. The preparation method of the composite material laminated by the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric material is characterized in that the raw materials further comprise a flame retardant, and the flame retardant is divided into an inorganic flame retardant and an organic flame retardant, and comprises one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, a halogen flame retardant, a nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant and a nitrogen-containing flame retardant.
8. The method for preparing the composite material by laminating the silica aerogel flexible and elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric according to claim 4, wherein the raw material or the raw material further comprises 1-20wt% of glass beads.
9. The composite material formed by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the fabric is characterized by being prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fabric is laminated on one side or two sides of the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material.
10. Use of the silica aerogel flexible and elastic thermal insulation and preservation material and fabric face-laminated composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that it is used for the production of thermal garments, tents, protective clothing or footwear.
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| CN113771470A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-12-10 | 深圳技术大学 | Multifunctional composite cloth, preparation method thereof and individual combat uniform |
| CN114182537A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-15 | 仪征龙兴塑胶有限公司 | Heat-preservation and heat-insulation fabric for outdoor tent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114592356A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-07 | 陈栋 | Heat insulation material for firefighting clothes and preparation method thereof |
| JP7085052B1 (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-06-15 | サム ワードローブ（チョーチアン） ガーメント テクノロジー テッド | Manufacturing method of airgel-containing dough and airgel-containing dough |
| CN115260576A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-01 | 江南大学 | Composite material for thermal protection clothing and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113771470A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-12-10 | 深圳技术大学 | Multifunctional composite cloth, preparation method thereof and individual combat uniform |
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| CN114182537A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-15 | 仪征龙兴塑胶有限公司 | Heat-preservation and heat-insulation fabric for outdoor tent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114592356A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-07 | 陈栋 | Heat insulation material for firefighting clothes and preparation method thereof |
| CN115260576A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-01 | 江南大学 | Composite material for thermal protection clothing and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115260576B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-10-27 | 江南大学 | Composite material for thermal protection clothing and preparation method and application thereof |
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