CN114591748A - Petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, application thereof and remediation method of petroleum-polluted soil - Google Patents
Petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, application thereof and remediation method of petroleum-polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114591748A CN114591748A CN202210219779.0A CN202210219779A CN114591748A CN 114591748 A CN114591748 A CN 114591748A CN 202210219779 A CN202210219779 A CN 202210219779A CN 114591748 A CN114591748 A CN 114591748A
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, application thereof and a remediation method of petroleum-polluted soil. The invention adopts an in-situ remediation method mainly based on microbial remediation, and the provided petroleum-polluted soil remediation material can enrich petroleum pollution, provide effective nutrients, improve the soil environment, and thoroughly degrade petroleum in the petroleum-polluted soil in a mode of mainly indigenous microbes and synergistically degrading exogenous microbes. The example result shows that the degradation rate of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material provided by the invention on petroleum hydrocarbon in the petroleum-polluted soil is more than or equal to 75%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, application thereof and a remediation method of petroleum-polluted soil.
Background
During the process of oil exploitation, transportation and processing, large areas of soil pollution caused by leakage often occur. According to statistics, petroleum-contaminated areas are mainly around oil fields, oil storage areas and oil-water irrigated farmland areas. The polluted soil not only loses the production capacity of plants or agricultural products, but also can generate serious secondary pollution risks due to the emission of toxic and harmful gases, the infiltration of harmful substances into polluted underground water and the like.
The commonly used restoration technology for the petroleum polluted soil mainly comprises a physical restoration technology, a chemical restoration technology, a microbial restoration technology and a plant restoration technology. The physical repair technology comprises soil replacement, gas phase adsorption, extraction elution, electric repair, biological carbon adsorption and the like. But the physical remediation technology has higher treatment cost and is suitable for the soil with higher pollution concentration. The chemical repair technology comprises the technologies of chemical oxidation, plasma degradation, photocatalytic degradation and the like. However, the type and amount of the selected oxidant and catalyst in the chemical remediation technology are strictly controlled, which may cause secondary soil pollution. The microbial remediation technology comprises biostimulation, biological enhancement and biological ventilation, and the degradation effect of microorganisms is influenced by environmental factors such as soil nutrient substances, pH value, temperature, humidity and the like. The bioremediation method can thoroughly degrade the petroleum pollutants in the soil, the physical and chemical properties of the soil can not be influenced in the remediation process, no secondary pollution is generated, and green and clean effects are really achieved. However, the mechanism of the plant for degrading organic matters is complex, and a long time is required for screening effective plants.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, an application thereof and a remediation method of petroleum-polluted soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a petroleum-polluted soil remediation material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
20-30 parts of peat, 20-30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of biochar, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 3-5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 3-5 parts of microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the volume weight of the peat is 0.2-0.4 kg/L; the content of organic matters in the peat is 40-60%; the pH value of the peat is 5.0-6.5.
Preferably, the content of organic matters in the organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 30%, the content of total nutrients in the organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 4%, and the seed germination rate of the organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 70%.
Preferably, the bentonite comprises sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite; the mass ratio of the sodium bentonite to the calcium bentonite is 1: 2-4.
Preferably, the microbial agent comprises azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus.
Preferably, the effective bacteria ratio of the azotobacter chroococcum, the bacillus megaterium and the bacillus mucilaginosus is (1 multiplied by 10)8～4×108)：(1×108～2×108)：(1×108～4×108)。
The invention provides application of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material in the technical scheme in remediation of petroleum-polluted soil.
The invention provides a method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil, which comprises the following steps:
applying the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material to a plough layer of the petroleum-polluted soil for remediation; the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material is the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material in the technical scheme.
Preferably, the application amount of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material is 200-500 kg/mu; the repairing time is 30-60 d.
Preferably, the depth of the plough layer is 20-40 cm.
The invention provides a petroleum-polluted soil remediation material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of peat, 20-30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of biochar, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 3-5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 3-5 parts of microbial inoculum. The invention adopts the specific parts of the subacid peat and the subalkaline biochar (the pH value is 8-10) to adjust the pH value of the soil changed due to petroleum pollution to the normal value of the soil of 6.5-7.5, thereby providing a good environment for the growth and the propagation of indigenous microorganisms and additional microorganisms in the soil. The peat is loose in texture, has water and fertilizer retention and ventilation, is beneficial to the activities of indigenous microorganisms and additional microorganisms in soil, can enhance the biological performance, is rich in nutrition, is a culture medium, is a good soil conditioner, and contains high organic matters, humic acid and nutritional ingredients, and the organic matters in the peat contain various nutrients required by the growth of crops and can directly or indirectly provide nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and various trace elements for the growth of the crops; the biochar has developed pores and large specific surface area, has the functions of enriching indigenous microorganisms and additional microorganisms in the polluted soil, and is a suitable carrier for a plurality of microorganisms; the organic fertilizer can increase nutrient components of soil, and the ammonium sulfate has the effect of adjusting the ratio of C to N to P in the soil, so that the petroleum-polluted soil is more suitable for the propagation of microorganisms. The microbial agent can improve the effective nutrient elements such as N, P, K in the soil, and indigenous microorganisms (such as bacillus, pseudomonas or yeast) in the soil and the added microbial agent utilize petroleum as carbon sources and energy sources required by the growth of the indigenous microorganisms and the added microbial agent, and hydrolyze the petroleum into glycerol and fatty acid under the catalytic action of in vivo enzymes of the indigenous microorganisms and the added microbial agent, and finally degrade the glycerol and fatty acid into metabolites such as water and carbon dioxide. The invention adopts an in-situ remediation method mainly based on microbial remediation, and the provided petroleum-polluted soil remediation material can enrich petroleum pollution, provide effective nutrients, improve the soil environment, and thoroughly degrade petroleum in the petroleum-polluted soil in a mode of mainly indigenous microbes and synergistically degrading exogenous microbes. The example result shows that the degradation rate of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material provided by the invention on petroleum hydrocarbon in the petroleum-polluted soil is more than or equal to 75%.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a petroleum-polluted soil remediation material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
20-30 parts of peat, 20-30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of biochar, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 3-5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 3-5 parts of microbial inoculum.
Unless otherwise specified, the present invention does not require any particular source of the raw materials used, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The petroleum-polluted soil remediation material comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of peat, and more preferably 22-28 parts of peat; the volume weight of the peat is preferably 0.2-0.4 kg/L, and more preferably 0.2-0.3 kg/L; the content of organic matters in the peat is preferably 40-60%, and more preferably 45-55%; the pH value of the peat is preferably 5.0-6.5, and more preferably 5.3-6.3. The peat is loose in texture, has water and fertilizer retention and ventilation, is beneficial to microbial activity, can enhance biological performance, is rich in nutrition, is a culture medium, is a good soil conditioner, contains high organic matters, humic acid and nutritional ingredients, contains various nutrients required by crop growth in organic matters in the peat, and can directly or indirectly provide nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and various trace elements for the crop growth. The peat is acidic, the pH value is 5-6.5, the peat and the biochar are matched to adjust the pH value of the soil changed due to petroleum pollution to be 6.5-7.5 in a normal state, and a good environment is provided for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms.
By taking the mass parts of peat in the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material as a reference, the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material provided by the invention comprises 20-30 parts of organic fertilizer, and more preferably 22-28 parts of organic fertilizer; the content of organic matters in the organic fertilizer is preferably more than or equal to 30%, more preferably 32-45%, the content of total nutrients in the organic fertilizer is preferably more than or equal to 4%, more preferably 5-12%, and the seed germination rate of the organic fertilizer is preferably more than or equal to 70%, more preferably 80-100%. The organic fertilizer is preferably decomposed agricultural straws and livestock and poultry manure, and reaches the NY525-2021 organic fertilizer standard. The organic fertilizer can increase the nutrient content in the petroleum-polluted soil and provide nutrition for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms.
Based on the mass parts of peat in the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material provided by the invention comprises 10-20 parts of biochar, and more preferably 10-18 parts. In the invention, the biochar is preferably formed by pyrolyzing and carbonizing agricultural and forestry wastes, wherein the agricultural and forestry wastes comprise one or more of peanut shells, tobacco stems, branches and sawdust, and when the agricultural and forestry wastes are more than two, the proportion of different types of agricultural and forestry wastes is not specially limited, and the proportion can be arbitrarily. The pyrolysis carbonization process is not particularly limited in the invention, and a pyrolysis carbonization process well known in the art can be adopted. The biochar is alkaline, and the biochar and peat are matched to adjust the pH value of soil changed due to petroleum pollution to be 6.5-7.5 in a normal state, so that a good environment is provided for the growth and propagation of microorganisms; the biochar has the characteristics of developed pores and large specific surface area, has the functions of enriching pollution and microorganisms, and can provide a suitable carrier for the growth and propagation of the microorganisms.
Based on the mass parts of peat in the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material provided by the invention comprises 5-15 parts of bentonite, and more preferably 8-12 parts of bentonite; the bentonite preferably comprises sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite; the mass ratio of the sodium bentonite to the calcium bentonite is preferably 1: 2-4, more preferably 1: (2-3). The bentonite has higher cation exchange capacity, stronger water retention capacity and good cohesiveness, and the cation exchange capacity is an important index for soil fertilizer retention and supply. According to the invention, the bentonite can increase the stability of the material in the transportation and storage processes, and has the functions of fixing nitrogen, fixing potassium and fixing organic matters. After the bentonite is applied to soil, the bentonite can absorb water to swell, change the proportion of solid, liquid and gas in the soil, loosen the soil structure, play a role in improving the physical properties of the soil, and ensure that the soil retains water and fertilizer without polluting the soil environment. The bentonite is used for improving soil, and not only has stronger fertilizer and water retention performance, but also can enhance the buffer capacity of the soil and adsorb harmful elements in the soil.
Based on the mass parts of peat in the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material provided by the invention comprises 3-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, and more preferably 3.5-4.5 parts of peat. The ammonium sulfate has the function of adjusting the ratio of C to N to P in the soil, so that the petroleum-polluted soil is more suitable for the growth and propagation of microorganisms.
Based on the mass parts of peat in the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material, the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material provided by the invention comprises 3-5 parts of microbial inoculum, and more preferably 3.5-4.5 parts; the microbial agent preferably comprises azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus; the effective ratio of the azotobacter chroococcum to the bacillus megaterium to the bacillus mucilaginosus is preferably (1 × 10)8～4×108)：(1×108～2×108)：(1×108～4×108) More preferably (1X 10)8～2×108)：(1×108～2×108)：(1×108～2×108)。
In the present invention, the original strains of azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus are purchased fromThe preservation center of agricultural microorganisms, wherein the preservation number of the azotobacter chroococcum is ACCC10006, the preservation number of the bacillus megaterium is ACCC10011, the preservation number of the bacillus mucilaginosus is ACCC10013, and the effective viable count of the microbial agent obtained after the microbial agent is subjected to amplification culture reaches 109The above.
In the embodiment of the invention, the amplification method of the bacillus megaterium ACCC10011 comprises the following steps:
(1) culturing seed bacteria liquid, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps of: 0.8-1.2% of tryptone, 0.2-0.5% of beef extract, 0.4-0.6% of sodium chloride and the balance of water are used as a culture medium, the bacillus megaterium ACCC10011 is inoculated into the culture medium, the inoculation amount (v/v) is 0.5%, and the bacillus megaterium is subjected to shaking culture at the pH of 7.0 and the temperature of 30 ℃ and at the speed of 160-200 rpm for 16-20 hours to obtain a seed bacterial liquid;
(2) solid state production culture, by weight: 8-12% of corn flour, 10-14% of bran, 8-12% of soybean meal, 3-5% of straw powder, 3-5% of biochar, 0.3-0.5% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water are used as a culture medium, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the cultured seed bacterium liquid is inoculated in the culture medium, the inoculation amount is 6-10% of the weight of the culture medium, the temperature is 30 ℃, the stirring is carried out once every 24 hours, and the culture is carried out for 4-5 days.
In the embodiment of the invention, the amplification method of the bacillus mucilaginosus ACCC10013 comprises the following steps:
(1) culturing a seed bacterium solution, wherein the culture solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2% of sucrose and K2HPO4·3H20.4-0.6 per mill of O, 0.3-0.5 per mill of yeast extract, and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1～0.3‰、MgCl20.1-0.3 per mill and the balance of water are used as a culture medium, the Bacillus mucilaginosus ACCC10013 is inoculated into the culture medium, the inoculation amount (v/v) is 0.5 percent, and the oscillation culture is carried out for 20-24 hours at the pH value of 7.0-7.2, the temperature of 30 ℃, and the rpm of 160-200, so as to obtain seed bacterial liquid;
(2) solid state production culture, by weight: 8-12% of corn flour, 10-14% of bran, 8-12% of soybean meal, 3-5% of straw powder, 3-5% of biochar, 0.3-0.5% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water are used as a culture medium, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the cultured seed bacterium liquid is inoculated in the culture medium, the inoculation amount is 6-10% of the weight of the culture medium, the temperature is 30 ℃, the stirring is carried out once every 24 hours, and the culture is carried out for 4-5 days.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the amplification method of azotobacter fuscoporia ACCC10006 includes the following steps:
(1) culturing a seed bacterium solution, wherein the culture solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2% of cane sugar and CaCO30.8～1.2‰、NaCl 0.1～0.3‰、K2HPO4·3H2O 0.4～0.6‰、MgSO4·7H20.1-0.3 per mill of O and the balance of water are used as a culture medium, azotobacter chroococcum ACCC10006 is inoculated into the culture medium, the inoculation amount (v/v) is 0.5 percent, and the culture is performed for 44-48 hours under the conditions of pH7.0-7.2, the temperature is 30 ℃, and the rpm is 160-200, so as to obtain seed bacterial liquid;
(2) solid state production culture, by weight: 8-12% of starch, 10-14% of bran, 8-12% of soybean meal, 3-5% of straw powder, 3-5% of biochar, 0.3-0.5% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water are used as a culture medium, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the cultured seed bacterial liquid is inoculated in the culture medium, the inoculation amount is 6-10% of the weight of the culture medium, the temperature is 30 ℃, the stirring is carried out once every 24 hours, and the culture is carried out for 4-5 days.
The microbial agent used by the invention can improve the effective nutrient elements such as N, P, K in soil, the indigenous microorganisms (such as bacillus, pseudomonas or yeast) and the external microbial agent utilize petroleum as carbon source and energy source required by the growth of the indigenous microorganisms, and the indigenous microorganisms and the external microbial agent hydrolyze the petroleum into glycerol and fatty acid under the catalytic action of in vivo enzymes of the indigenous microorganisms and the external microbial agent, and finally degrade the glycerol and fatty acid into metabolites such as water and carbon dioxide.
The main components of petroleum are alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon, under the action of microbe, straight-chain alkane is first oxidized into alcohol, alcohol is first oxidized into corresponding aldehyde under the action of alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde is then oxidized into fatty acid under the action of aldehyde dehydrogenase, and fatty acid is beta-oxidized into acetyl coenzyme A and then enters tricarboxylic acid cycle to be converted into CO2And H2And O. The cycloalkanes are first oxidized to the monohydric alcohols, and in most casesCycloalkanol and cycloalkanone were metabolized by cleavage of lactone intermediates in several studied bacteria. Metabolic pathway of aromatic hydrocarbons: the bacteria combine two oxygen atoms of molecular oxygen into a substrate by the catalytic action of dioxygenase, so that aromatic hydrocarbon is oxidized into dihydrodiphenol 1 cis 3 dihydrodiphenol with cis configuration, and further into catechol, and the catechol is further oxidized and cracked under the action of the other dioxygenase catalyzing the cracking of aromatic ring; the fungi oxidize the aromatic hydrocarbon into the trans-3 dihydrodiphenol compound by the catalytic action of monooxygenase and cyclohydrolase, and further oxidize and crack.
The preparation method of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material is not particularly limited, and the raw materials of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material are blended.
The invention provides application of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material in the technical scheme in remediation of petroleum-polluted soil.
The invention provides a method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil, which comprises the following steps:
applying the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material to a plough layer of the petroleum-polluted soil for remediation; the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material is the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material in the technical scheme.
In the invention, the content of petroleum in the petroleum-polluted soil is preferably less than 10%, and more preferably 2-8%; the application amount of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material is preferably 200-500 kg/mu, and more preferably 200-450 kg/mu; the depth of the plough layer is preferably 20-40 cm, and more preferably 30-35 cm;
the invention preferably irrigates the petroleum-polluted soil after the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material is applied; the irrigation enables the water content of the soil of the plough layer to be preferably 15-30%, and more preferably 20-25%. The invention maintains the soil at a proper temperature through irrigation, and provides a proper environment for the growth and the propagation of microorganisms.
The invention preferably ploughs the petroleum-polluted soil after the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material is applied, the mode of ploughing is not particularly limited, and the ploughing can be carried out by adopting a mode well known in the art, and in the embodiment of the invention, the ploughing is carried out by adopting a machine.
According to the invention, the petroleum-polluted soil is preferably ploughed again after the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material is applied for 10-15 days. The invention can adjust the air permeability of soil environment by plowing, and provides a suitable environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms.
After ploughing again, the petroleum-polluted soil is restored after the petroleum-polluted soil restoration material is applied, the restoration time is preferably 30-60 d, and more preferably 35-50 d; in the balancing process, the environment temperature of the petroleum-polluted soil is preferably 15-35 ℃, and more preferably 20-32 ℃. In the repairing process, the indigenous microorganisms and the added microorganism agents utilize petroleum as carbon sources and energy sources required by the growth of the indigenous microorganisms and the added microorganism agents, and the indigenous microorganisms and the added microorganism agents hydrolyze the petroleum into glycerol and fatty acid under the catalytic action of in vivo enzymes of the indigenous microorganisms and the added microorganism agents, and finally degrade the petroleum into metabolites such as water and carbon dioxide.
After the balance is completed, the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbon in the petroleum-polluted soil is preferably more than or equal to 75%.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
The amplification method of the bacillus megaterium ACCC10011 comprises the following steps:
(1) culturing seed bacteria liquid, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps of: taking tryptone 1%, beef extract 0.3%, sodium chloride 0.5% and water in balance as culture medium, inoculating Bacillus megaterium ACCC10011 in the culture medium, wherein the inoculation amount (v/v) is 0.5%, and performing shake culture at pH7.0, 30 ℃ and 200rpm for 20h to obtain seed bacterial liquid;
(2) solid state production culture, by weight: 10% of corn flour, 12% of bran, 10% of soybean meal, 4% of straw powder, 4% of biochar, 0.4% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water are used as culture media, the pH value is 7, the cultured seed bacterial liquid is inoculated into the culture media, the inoculation amount is 8% of the weight of the culture media, the temperature is 30 ℃, the stirring is carried out once every 24 hours, and the culture is carried out for 5 days;
the amplification method of the bacillus mucilaginosus ACCC10013 comprises the following steps:
(1) culturing a seed bacterium solution, wherein the culture solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.0% of sucrose, K2HPO4·3H2O0.5%, yeast extract 0.4%, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2‰、MgCl20.2 per mill and the balance of water are used as a culture medium, the bacillus mucilaginosus ACCC10013 is inoculated in the culture medium, the inoculation amount (v/v) is 0.5 percent, and the shaking culture is carried out for 24 hours at the pH7.0, the temperature of 30 ℃ and the 200rpm, so as to obtain seed bacterial liquid;
(2) solid state production culture, by weight: 10% of corn flour, 12% of bran, 10% of soybean meal, 4% of straw powder, 4% of biochar, 0.4% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water are used as a culture medium, the pH value is 7.0, the cultured seed bacterial liquid is inoculated into the culture medium, the inoculation amount is 8% of the weight of the culture medium, the temperature is 30 ℃, the stirring is carried out once every 24 hours, and the culture is carried out for 5 days;
the amplification method of azotobacter fuscoporia ACCC10006 comprises the following steps:
(1) culturing seed bacteria liquid, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps of: 1.0% of sucrose and CaCO31.0‰、NaCl 0.2‰、K2HPO4·3H2O 0.5‰、MgSO4·7H2Taking 0.2 per mill of O and the balance of water as a culture medium, inoculating azotobacter chroococcum ACCC10006 into the culture medium, wherein the inoculation amount (v/v) is 0.5 percent, and performing shaking culture at the pH of 7.0, the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rpm of 200 for 48 hours to obtain seed bacterial liquid;
(2) solid state production culture, by weight: taking 10% of starch, 12% of bran, 10% of soybean meal, 4% of straw powder, 4% of biochar, 0.4% of calcium carbonate and the balance of water as a culture medium, inoculating the cultured seed bacterial liquid into the culture medium at the pH value of 7.0, wherein the inoculation amount is 8% of the weight of the culture medium, the temperature is 30 ℃, and the culture is carried out for 5 days by stirring once every 24 hours;
22 parts of peat (volume weight of 0.3kg/L, organic matter content of 50 percent and pH value of 5.5), 28 parts of organic fertilizer (organic matter content of 40 percent, total nutrient content of 10 percent and seed germination rate of 90 percent), 10 parts of biochar, 8 parts of bentonite (the mass ratio of sodium bentonite to calcium bentonite is 1: 3), 3 parts of ammonium sulfate and 3 parts of microbial bacteriaThe effective ratio of the azotobacter chroococcum, the bacillus megaterium and the bacillus mucilaginosus is 1 multiplied by 108：1×108：1×108) Blending and compounding to prepare the petroleum polluted soil remediation material.
Example 2
The amplification culture method of azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus is shown as an example;
25 parts of peat (the volume weight is 0.3kg/L, the organic matter content is 50 percent, the pH value is 5.5), 22 parts of organic fertilizer (the organic matter content is 40 percent, the total nutrient content is 10 percent, and the seed germination rate is 90 percent), 15 parts of biochar, 10 parts of bentonite (the mass ratio of sodium-based bentonite to calcium-based bentonite is 1: 3), 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, and 4 parts of microbial agents (the effective bacteria ratio of azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus is 1 multiplied by 10)8：1×108：2×108) Blending and compounding to prepare a petroleum polluted soil remediation material;
example 3
The amplification culture method of azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus is shown as an example;
28 parts of peat (the volume weight is 0.3kg/L, the organic matter content is 50 percent, the pH value is 5.5), 25 parts of organic fertilizer (the organic matter content is 40 percent, the total nutrient content is 10 percent, and the seed germination rate is 90 percent), 18 parts of biochar, 12 parts of bentonite (the mass ratio of sodium-based bentonite to calcium-based bentonite is 1: 3), 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, and 5 parts of microbial agents (the effective bacteria ratio of azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus is 1 multiplied by 10)8：2×108：2×108) Blending and compounding to prepare a petroleum polluted soil remediation material;
comparative example 1
22 parts of peat (the volume weight is 0.3kg/L, the organic matter content is 50 percent, the pH value is 5.5), 28 parts of organic fertilizer (the organic matter content is 40 percent, the total nutrient content is 10 percent, and the seed germination rate is 90 percent), 10 parts of biochar, 8 parts of bentonite (the mass ratio of sodium bentonite to calcium bentonite is 1: 3), and 3 parts of ammonium sulfate are blended and compounded to prepare the petroleum polluted soil remediation material.
Comparative example 2
Blending and compounding 25 parts of peat (the volume weight is 0.3kg/L, the organic matter content is 50 percent, and the pH value is 5.5), 22 parts of organic fertilizer (the organic matter content is 40 percent, the total nutrient content is 10 percent, and the seed germination rate is 90 percent), 15 parts of biochar, 10 parts of bentonite (the mass ratio of sodium bentonite to calcium bentonite is 1: 3), and 4 parts of ammonium sulfate to prepare the petroleum polluted soil remediation material;
comparative example 3
28 parts of peat (the volume weight is 0.3kg/L, the organic matter content is 50 percent, and the pH value is 5.5), 25 parts of organic fertilizer (the organic matter content is 40 percent, the total nutrient content is 10 percent, and the seed germination rate is 90 percent), 18 parts of biochar, 12 parts of bentonite (the mass ratio of sodium bentonite to calcium bentonite is 1: 3), and 5 parts of ammonium sulfate are blended and compounded to prepare the petroleum polluted soil remediation material;
application example 1
Adding petroleum according to 2% of the dry basis weight of soil with the depth of 30cm, and uniformly stirring to prepare soil with the petroleum content of 2%; the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material described in example 1 was applied to soil with a petroleum content of 2% at an application rate of 200 kg/mu, and then the soil with a depth of 30cm was tilled by a machine, irrigated to a soil moisture content of 20%, and tilled 1 time after 10 days at a soil ambient temperature of 25 ℃ after 35 days, and a petroleum hydrocarbon degradation rate of 80% was measured.
Application example 2
Adding petroleum accounting for 4 percent of the dry basis weight of the soil with the depth of 30cm, and uniformly stirring to prepare the soil with the petroleum content of 4 percent; the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material described in example 2 was applied to soil with a petroleum content of 4% at an application rate of 300 kg/acre, and then the soil was ploughed by a machine to a depth of 30cm, irrigated to a soil moisture content of 25%, and ploughed 1 time after 10 days at a soil ambient temperature of 30 ℃ and after 40 days to determine a petroleum hydrocarbon degradation rate of 82%.
Application example 3
Adding petroleum accounting for 8 percent of the dry basis weight of the soil with the depth of 30cm, and uniformly stirring to prepare the soil with the petroleum content of 8 percent; the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material described in example 3 was applied to soil with a petroleum content of 8% at an application rate of 450 kg/mu, and then the soil with a depth of 35cm was ploughed by a machine to a water content of 25%, and after 10 days, the soil was ploughed again 1 time at an ambient temperature of 32 ℃ and 50 days, and a petroleum hydrocarbon degradation rate of 78% was measured.
Comparative application example 1
The difference from the application example 1 is that the used petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material is the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material in the comparative example 1, and the rest of the contents are consistent with the application example 1.
Comparative application example 2
The difference from the application example 2 is that the used petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material is the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material in the comparative example 1, and the rest of the contents are the same as the application example 2.
Comparative application example 3
The difference from the application example 3 is that the used petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material is the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material in the comparative example 1, and the rest of the contents are the same as the application example 3.
The degradation rates of the petroleum hydrocarbons in the petroleum-contaminated soil in application examples 1 to 3 and comparative application examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1, where the degradation rate is the total petroleum hydrocarbon content in the soil after application of the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material/the total petroleum hydrocarbon content in the soil before application of the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material × 100%, and the determination method of the total petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil is a conventional determination method.
TABLE 1 degradation rates of petroleum hydrocarbons in petroleum-contaminated soils in application examples 1-3 and comparative application examples 1-3
As can be seen from Table 1, the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material provided by the invention can effectively degrade petroleum hydrocarbons in petroleum-contaminated soil, and the degradation rate is 78-82%. The petroleum-polluted soil remediation material provided by the invention contains the additional microbial agent, and compared with the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material without the additional microbial agent, the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material has the advantage that the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbon in the petroleum-polluted soil is obviously increased. Therefore, the added microbial agent can be used for degrading petroleum hydrocarbon in a synergistic manner with the indigenous microorganisms, so that the degradation efficiency of the petroleum hydrocarbon is increased.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The petroleum-polluted soil restoration material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
20-30 parts of peat, 20-30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of biochar, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 3-5 parts of ammonium sulfate and 3-5 parts of microbial inoculum.
2. The material for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the volume weight of the peat is 0.2 to 0.4 kg/L; the content of organic matters in the peat is 40-60%; the pH value of the peat is 5.0-6.5.
3. The material for remediating petroleum-contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein the content of organic matters in the organic fertilizer is not less than 30%, the content of total nutrients in the organic fertilizer is not less than 4%, and the germination percentage of seeds of the organic fertilizer is not less than 70%.
4. The petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material of claim 1, wherein said bentonite includes sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite; the mass ratio of the sodium bentonite to the calcium bentonite is 1: 2-4.
5. The petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material of claim 1, wherein said microbial agents include azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, and bacillus mucilaginosus.
6. The material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the effective ratio of the azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus is (1X 10)8～4×108)：(1×108～2×108)：(1×108～4×108)。
7. The application of the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material of any one of claims 1 to 6 to remediation of petroleum-polluted soil.
8. The method for restoring the petroleum-polluted soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
applying the petroleum-polluted soil remediation material to a plough layer of the petroleum-polluted soil for remediation; the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material is the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. The remediation method of claim 8, wherein the application rate of the petroleum-contaminated soil remediation material is 200 to 500 kg/acre; the repairing time is 30-60 d.
10. The method of restoring according to claim 8, wherein the depth of the plough layer is 20 to 40 cm.
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