CN114591656A - High-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114591656A CN114591656A CN202111585828.4A CN202111585828A CN114591656A CN 114591656 A CN114591656 A CN 114591656A CN 202111585828 A CN202111585828 A CN 202111585828A CN 114591656 A CN114591656 A CN 114591656A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical class [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].[Zr] Chemical compound [Al].[Al].[Zr] ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Al].[Cr] QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum iron Chemical compound [Al].[Fe] CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 aluminum-manganese Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004883 Na2SiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
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- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
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- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/002—Smelting process, e.g. sequences to melt a specific material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
- F27M2001/01—Charges containing mainly non-ferrous metals
- F27M2001/012—Aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/13—Smelting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profile and a preparation process thereof, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, wherein aluminum forms an aluminide dispersed phase through other metal elements and rare earth elements to generate a synergistic effect, so that the strength, the fracture toughness and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy profile are improved, the rare earth elements Nd, Yb and Y are added into a molten liquid to obviously refine an alloy structure, a new rare earth phase is generated, and the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy profile is effectively improved; the steps of smelting, refining, degassing and deslagging in the preparation process are all completed by smelting deslagging and casting equipment so as to improve the purity of refined molten liquid and the dispersion uniformity of each element; after the fluorocarbon paint is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy section bar to form a film, fluorine-containing side chains and vinyl are concentrated on the surface of the film to form hydrophobic and oleophobic groups, thereby achieving good waterproof, oil-proof and corrosion-resistant effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Through long-term production practice and scientific experiments, people gradually add alloy elements and apply heat treatment and other methods to strengthen aluminum, so that a series of aluminum alloys are obtained, and the alloy formed by adding certain elements has higher strength while keeping the advantages of light weight and the like of pure aluminum;
the patent application No. 2017102961492 discloses a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section and a preparation process thereof, wherein the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section contains the following elements in percentage by weight based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy section: zn1.17-3.48%, Zr 0.008-0.21%, B0.89-1.75%, Mg 1.25-3.71%, Ni 1.21-3.81%, Cu0.08-0.36%, Ti 0.26-0.84%, Ta 0.005-0.12%, trace elements 0.01-0.03%, and the balance Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profile provided by the invention forms an aluminide dispersed phase, generates a synergistic effect, and plays a role in refining cast-state grains and strengthening dislocation pinning, thereby obviously improving the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy profile, and improving the strength, fracture toughness and stress corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy profile; during preparation, ultrasonic treatment is carried out, so that the uniformity of all substances in the molten alloy can be improved, and impurities can be separated from the molten alloy, thereby achieving the effect of improving the strength of the aluminum alloy;
however, the following technical problems are found: the strength, toughness and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy section are to be improved, and the aluminum alloy section is lack of supporting equipment for efficient degassing and deslagging during preparation, so that a solution is provided aiming at the technical defect in the aspect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section and a preparation process thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems that the strength, toughness and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy section in the prior art need to be improved, and supporting equipment is not needed for efficient degassing and deslagging in preparation.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.12 wt% of Si, 0.13-0.35 wt% of Fe, 0.05-0.08 wt% of Cu, 0.06-0.15 wt% of Mn, 0.1-0.3 wt% of Ni, 0.025-0.046 wt% of Zr, 0.03-0.08 wt% of Cr, 0.016-0.045 wt% of Nd, 0.02-0.06 wt% of Yb, 0.035-0.062 wt% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; wherein the addition content of the elements Nd, Yb and Y is 0.085-0.155 wt%; the aluminum alloy section is prepared by the steps of material smelting, refining, degassing and deslagging, vacuum casting, rolling, solution treatment, aging treatment and fluorocarbon paint spraying.
A preparation process of a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1, ingredient smelting: the alloy comprises, by weight, 0.03-0.12% of Si, 0.13-0.35% of Fe, 0.05-0.08% of Cu, 0.06-0.15% of Mn, 0.1-0.3% of Ni, 0.025-0.046% of Zr, 0.03-0.08% of Cr, 0.016-0.045% of Nd, 0.02-0.06% of Yb, 0.035-0.062% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the sum of Nd, Yb and Y is 0.085-0.155% of Nd; selecting an aluminum ingot, an aluminum-silicon alloy, an aluminum-iron alloy, an aluminum-copper alloy, an aluminum-manganese alloy, an aluminum-nickel alloy, an aluminum-zirconium alloy and an aluminum-chromium alloy, adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-silicon alloy, the aluminum-iron alloy, the aluminum-copper alloy, the aluminum-manganese alloy, the aluminum-nickel alloy, the aluminum-zirconium alloy and the aluminum-chromium alloy into a smelting furnace of a smelting deslagging and casting device, heating to 740-760 ℃, carrying out heat preservation smelting for 30-50 min, adding an aluminum-rare earth alloy, heating to 980-1000 ℃, carrying out heat preservation stirring smelting to obtain a smelting solution;
s2, refining, degassing and deslagging: after the temperature of the molten liquid is reduced to 760-780 ℃, adding a refining agent accounting for 0.16-0.22% of the mass of the molten liquid into the smelting furnace 20, discharging oxygen in the molten liquid, and discharging alumina slag through an electric slag discharging mechanism to obtain refined molten liquid;
s3, vacuum casting: feeding the refined molten liquid into a casting furnace 30, cooling to 680-700 ℃ by water cooling, and then carrying out vacuum continuous casting to obtain a casting blank;
s4, rolling: continuously rolling the casting blank, and controlling the rolling temperature to be 520-540 ℃ and the final rolling temperature to be 260-280 ℃ to obtain a rolled section; wherein the rolling speed is 4.2-4.8 m/min, and the temperature is cooled to 35-45 ℃ by water cooling;
s5, solution treatment: heating the rolled section to 480-500 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-50 min, heating to 520-535 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15-25 min, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ by high-pressure water spray quenching to obtain a solid solution treatment section;
s6, aging treatment: heating the solid solution treated section to 105-115 ℃ and carrying out aging treatment for 10-12 hours to obtain an aging treated section;
s7, fluorocarbon paint spraying: and spraying fluorocarbon paint on the outer surface of the aging-treated section to obtain the aluminum alloy section.
Further, the specific processes of temperature rise and heat preservation smelting in the step S1 are as follows: the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the control box to slide up and down along the limiting plate through a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the position of the graphite heating rod extending into the smelting furnace is adjusted; and starting a driving motor, driving the graphite heating rod to rotate by the driving motor, and performing heat preservation smelting on the raw materials after the temperature of the graphite heating rod is raised.
Further, the specific process of discharging the oxygen in the molten metal in step S2 is as follows: the nitrogen steel cylinder is opened, nitrogen in the nitrogen steel cylinder enters the inner cavity of the graphite heating rod through the air inlet pipe after being pressurized by the gas booster pump, and is sprayed out of the molten liquid from the plurality of air outlets to discharge oxygen in the molten liquid.
Further, the specific process of discharging alumina dross by the electric dross discharging mechanism in step S2 is as follows: the servo motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the rotating cylinder to rotate, the pawl on the periphery of the rotating cylinder also rotates along with the rotating shaft, force is applied to the inner meshing ratchet wheel, the inner meshing ratchet wheel drives the slag removing plate to rotate, slag such as aluminum oxide floating on the surface of molten liquid is discharged into the slag removing cavity, and the slag is condensed and collected in the slag removing cavity.
Further, the refining agent is composed of Na3AlF6、MgCl2、NaF、Na2SiF6、AlF3And NaCl are mixed and crushed according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1:1:2: 3.
Further, the preparation method of the fluorocarbon paint comprises the following steps: according to the weight parts, 45-65 parts of fluorocarbon resin, 10-20 parts of vinyl ester resin, 6-12 parts of ethyl acetate and 5-10 parts of cyclohexanone are added into a reaction kettle, stirred for 30-50 min, added with 3-8 parts of talcum powder, 1-3 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 2-6 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, uniformly mixed and filtered.
Furthermore, the smelting, deslagging and casting equipment comprises a frame, a smelting furnace, a casting furnace and an adjustable heating and degassing mechanism, wherein the adjustable heating and degassing mechanism comprises a control box, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a graphite heating rod, a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder penetrates through a fixed plate, limiting plates are arranged on two sides of the fixed plate, the limiting plates extend downwards and are fixedly connected with a first mounting plate, the bottom end of the piston rod is connected with the top of the control box, and the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the control box to slide up and down along the limiting plates through the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder; the inner cavity of the control box is provided with a plurality of graphite heating rods through clamping grooves, and the graphite heating rods extend towards the inner cavity of the smelting furnace; a driving motor is arranged above the clamping groove, a plurality of air outlets are formed in the periphery of the graphite heating rod in an outward extending mode, an air inlet pipe is formed in the inner cavity of the graphite heating rod in an extending mode, and the air inlet pipe does not change along with the rotating position of the graphite heating rod; the air inlet pipe extends out of the control box and is connected with the air outlet end of the gas booster pump, and the air inlet end of the gas booster pump is connected with the nitrogen steel cylinder through the air outlet pipe.
Furthermore, a slag discharging cavity is arranged on one side of the top of the smelting furnace, and an electric slag discharging mechanism is arranged on the smelting furnace close to the slag discharging cavity; the electric slag discharging mechanism comprises a servo motor, a rotating cylinder and an inner meshing ratchet wheel, wherein a rotating shaft is arranged at the axis of the rotating cylinder and penetrates through the smelting furnace, a plurality of pawls are rotatably connected to the periphery of the rotating cylinder, and the pawls are in contact with the inner periphery of the inner meshing ratchet wheel; the servo motor extends into the smelting furnace from the outside and then is connected with the rotating shaft, a plurality of bent slag skimming plates are distributed on the periphery of the internally engaged ratchet wheel in an annular array mode, and the outer edges of the slag skimming plates are close to the slag discharging cavity.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section bar, aluminum forms an aluminide dispersed phase through other metal elements and rare earth elements, a synergistic effect is generated, the strength and the fracture of the aluminum alloy section bar are improvedThe rare earth elements Nd, Yb and Y are added into the melt to obviously refine the alloy structure and generate Al2Y、Al2Nd、Al3Yb and the like, effectively improves the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy section, and further improves the strength, the fracture toughness and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy section.
2. In the preparation process, the steps of smelting, refining, degassing and deslagging are all completed by smelting deslagging and casting equipment, so that the purity of refined molten liquid and the dispersion uniformity of each element are improved; the fluorocarbon paint is prepared by taking fluorocarbon resin and vinyl ester resin as main components, adding solvents of ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, filler talcum powder, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and lubricant molybdenum disulfide, and after the surface of the aluminum alloy section is sprayed and formed into a film, fluorine-containing side chains and vinyl are concentrated on the surface of the film to form hydrophobic and oleophobic groups, so that good waterproof, oil-proof and corrosion-resistant effects are achieved.
3. In the smelting deslagging and casting equipment, the adjustable heating degassing mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the graphite heating rod, heating and stirring the molten liquid, and rapidly discharging oxygen, so that the purity and refining quality of the molten liquid are guaranteed; the automatic regular discharge of aluminium oxide dregs is kept to the cooperation mode of pawl ratchet, has improved the efficiency of getting rid of aluminium oxide dregs.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profile in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a smelting deslagging and casting device in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of an adjustable heat degas mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an assembled structure of a control box and a graphite heating rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a melting furnace and a casting furnace in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 10. a frame; 11. a base plate; 12. a support plate; 13. a first mounting plate; 14. a second mounting plate; 15. a reinforcing plate; 20. a smelting furnace; 21. a slag discharge cavity; 22. a servo motor; 23. a rotating cylinder; 24. an inner engaged ratchet wheel; 25. a rotating shaft; 26. a pawl; 27. slag removing plates; 30. a casting furnace; 31. a water-cooled cavity; 32. a water outlet pipe; 33. a water inlet pipe; 34. a water pump; 35. a discharge valve; 40. an adjustable heating degassing mechanism; 41. a control box; 42. a hydraulic cylinder; 43. a graphite heating rod; 44. a fixing plate; 45. a limiting plate; 46. a card slot; 47. a drive motor; 48. an air outlet; 49. an air inlet pipe; 50. a gas booster pump; 51. an air outlet pipe; 52. nitrogen cylinder.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a melting, deslagging and casting apparatus, which is used for melting, degassing and deslagging, and casting processes in a preparation process of a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profile, and includes a frame 10, a melting furnace 20, a casting furnace 30, and an adjustable heating and degassing mechanism 40, where the frame 10 is disposed on two sides of the melting furnace 20, the casting furnace 30 is disposed below the melting furnace 20, and the adjustable heating and degassing mechanism 40 is disposed inside the frame 10 and at the top of the melting furnace 20. The smelting furnace 20 is used for smelting and refining raw materials of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section bar to obtain refined melt and removing aluminum oxide slag by slagging off, the casting furnace 30 is used for cooling and casting the refined melt, and the adjustable heating degassing mechanism 40 is used for adjustably heating the melt and removing oxygen.
Specifically, the frame 10 includes a bottom plate 11, a supporting plate 12, a first mounting plate 13 and a second mounting plate 14, the bottom plate 11 is symmetrically disposed at two sides of the bottom of the smelting furnace 20, the supporting plate 12 is disposed above the bottom plate 11, the first mounting plate 13 is sleeved on the periphery of the top of the smelting furnace 20, the periphery of the first mounting plate 13 is connected with the supporting plate 12, and the second mounting plate 14 is disposed above the first mounting plate 13. A reinforcing plate 15 is connected between the first mounting plate 13 and the second mounting plate 14. The smelting furnace 20 is supported in the frame 10 through the support plate 12 and the first mounting plate 13, and the adjustable heating and degassing mechanism 40 is supported through the support plate 12 and the second mounting plate 14, so that the smelting furnace 20 and the adjustable heating and degassing mechanism 40 keep stable operation.
As shown in fig. 2-4, the adjustable heating degassing mechanism 40 includes a control box 41, a hydraulic cylinder 42 and a graphite heating rod 43, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 42 is disposed to penetrate through a fixing plate 44, limiting plates 45 are disposed on two sides of the fixing plate 44, the limiting plates 45 extend downward and are fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 13, a bottom end of the piston rod is connected to a top portion of the control box 41, and the hydraulic cylinder 42 drives the control box 41 to slide up and down along the limiting plates 45 through the piston rod thereof. The inner cavity of the control box 41 is provided with a plurality of graphite heating rods 43 through clamping grooves 46, and the graphite heating rods 43 extend towards the inner cavity of the smelting furnace 20. A driving motor 47 is installed above the clamping groove 46, a plurality of air outlets 48 are formed in the periphery of the graphite heating rod 43 in an outward extending mode, an air inlet pipe 49 is formed in the inner cavity of the graphite heating rod 43 in an extending mode, and the air inlet pipe 49 does not change along with the rotating position of the graphite heating rod 43. The air inlet pipe 49 extends out of the control box 41 and is connected with the air outlet end of the gas booster pump 50, and the air inlet end of the gas booster pump 50 is connected with the nitrogen steel cylinder 52 through the air outlet pipe 51.
In the adjustable heating and degassing mechanism 40, the hydraulic oil cylinder 42 drives the control box 41 to slide up and down along the limiting plate 45 through the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder, so that the position of the graphite heating rod 43 extending into the smelting furnace 20 can be adjusted conveniently; after the position of the graphite heating rod 43 is adjusted, starting the driving motor 47, driving the graphite heating rod 43 to rotate by the driving motor 47, and melting and stirring the raw materials after the temperature of the graphite heating rod 43 is raised; after the nitrogen cylinder 52 is opened, the nitrogen in the nitrogen cylinder 52 is pressurized by the gas booster pump 50, enters the inner cavity of the graphite heating rod 43 through the air inlet pipe 49, is sprayed into the melt from the plurality of air outlets 48, and discharges the oxygen in the melt. The adjustable heating degassing mechanism 40 can adjust the position of the graphite heating rod 43, heat and stir the molten liquid, rapidly discharge oxygen, and ensure the purity and refining quality of the molten liquid.
As shown in fig. 5, a slag discharging cavity 21 is disposed at one side of the top of the smelting furnace 20, and an electric slag discharging mechanism is disposed on the smelting furnace 20 near the slag discharging cavity 21. The electric slag discharging mechanism comprises a servo motor 22, a rotating cylinder 23 and an inner meshing ratchet wheel 24, a rotating shaft 25 is arranged at the axis of the rotating cylinder 23, the rotating shaft 25 penetrates through the smelting furnace 20, a plurality of pawls 26 are rotatably connected to the periphery of the rotating cylinder 23, and the pawls 26 are in contact with the inner periphery of the inner meshing ratchet wheel 24. The servo motor 22 extends from the outside of the smelting furnace 20 and is connected with the rotating shaft 25, a plurality of bent slag removing plates 27 are distributed on the periphery of the inner meshing ratchet wheel 24 in an annular array, and the outer edges of the slag removing plates 27 are close to the slag removing cavity 21. In the electric slag discharging mechanism, after the servo motor 22 drives the rotating shaft 25 to rotate, the rotating shaft 25 drives the rotating cylinder 23 to rotate, the pawl 26 on the periphery of the rotating cylinder 23 also rotates, force is applied to the inner engaged ratchet wheel 24, so that the inner engaged ratchet wheel 24 drives the slag removing plate 27 to regularly rotate clockwise or anticlockwise, and slag such as alumina floating on the surface of molten liquid is discharged into the slag removing cavity 21 and condensed and collected in the slag removing cavity 21. The automatic regular discharge of aluminium oxide dregs is kept to the cooperation mode of pawl ratchet, has improved the efficiency of getting rid of aluminium oxide dregs.
A water cooling cavity 31 is arranged in the casting furnace 30, a water outlet pipe 32 is arranged on one side of the water cooling cavity 31, a water pump 34 is connected to one side of the water cooling cavity 31 through a water inlet pipe 33, and a discharge valve 35 is arranged at the bottom of the casting furnace 30. After refined liquation that obtains in the smelting furnace 20 got gets into casting furnace 30, water pump 34 carries into water-cooling chamber 31 with the cooling water through inlet tube 33 in, discharges from outlet pipe 32 after the heat transfer, and cooling water circulation has improved the cooling rate to refined liquation, reduces the casting required time.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, this embodiment provides a process for preparing a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section, including the following steps:
s1, ingredient smelting: 0.08wt% of Si, 0.25wt% of Fe, 0.07wt% of Cu, 0.09wt% of Mn, 0.15wt% of Ni, 0.033wt% of Zr, 0.06wt% of Cr, 0.028wt% of Nd, 0.04wt% of Yb, 0.053wt% of Y, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; selecting aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-nickel alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys and aluminum-chromium alloys, adding the aluminum ingots, the aluminum-silicon alloys, the aluminum-iron alloys, the aluminum-copper alloys, the aluminum-manganese alloys, the aluminum-nickel alloys, the aluminum-zirconium alloys and the aluminum-chromium alloys into a smelting furnace 20 of a smelting deslagging and casting device, heating to 755 ℃, keeping the temperature for smelting for 45min, adding aluminum-rare earth alloys, heating to 995 ℃, keeping the temperature, stirring and smelting to obtain a smelting solution;
the specific processes of temperature rise and heat preservation smelting are as follows: the hydraulic oil cylinder 42 drives the control box 41 to slide up and down along the limiting plate 45 through a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the position of the graphite heating rod 43 extending into the smelting furnace 20 is adjusted; and starting the driving motor 47, driving the graphite heating rod 43 to rotate by the driving motor 47, and performing heat preservation smelting on the raw materials after the temperature of the graphite heating rod 43 is raised.
S2, refining, degassing and deslagging: after the temperature of the molten liquid is reduced to 772 ℃, adding a refining agent accounting for 0.18 percent of the mass of the molten liquid into the smelting furnace 20, discharging oxygen in the molten liquid, and discharging aluminum oxide slag through an electric slag discharging mechanism to obtain refined molten liquid;
the specific process of discharging the oxygen in the smelting liquid comprises the following steps: opening a nitrogen steel cylinder 52, pressurizing nitrogen in the nitrogen steel cylinder 52 by a gas booster pump 50, then entering the inner cavity of the graphite heating rod 43 through an air inlet pipe 49, spraying the nitrogen into the molten liquid from a plurality of air outlets 48, and discharging oxygen in the molten liquid;
the specific process of discharging alumina dross by the electric deslagging mechanism is as follows: the servo motor 22 drives the rotating shaft 25 to rotate, the rotating shaft 25 drives the rotating cylinder 23 to rotate, the pawls 26 on the periphery of the rotating cylinder 23 also rotate, force is applied to the inner engaged ratchet wheel 24, the inner engaged ratchet wheel 24 drives the slag removing plate 27 to rotate, aluminum oxide and other slag floating on the surface of the molten liquid are discharged into the slag removing cavity 21, and are condensed and collected in the slag removing cavity 21;
the refining agent is composed of Na3AlF6、MgCl2、NaF、Na2SiF6、AlF3And NaCl are mixed and crushed according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1:1:2: 3.
S3, vacuum casting: the refined molten liquid enters a casting furnace 30, is cooled to 688 ℃ by water cooling and then is subjected to vacuum continuous casting to obtain a casting blank;
s4, rolling: continuously rolling the casting blank, controlling the rolling temperature to be 525 ℃ and the final rolling temperature to be 272 ℃ to obtain a rolled section; wherein the rolling speed is 4.6m/min, and the temperature is reduced to 38 ℃ by water cooling;
s5, solution treatment: heating the rolled section to 492 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 36min, heating to 530 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 22min, and cooling to 35 ℃ by high-pressure water spray quenching to obtain a solid solution treatment section;
s6, aging treatment: heating the solid solution treatment section to 108 ℃ for aging treatment for 11 hours to obtain an aging treatment section;
s7, fluorocarbon paint spraying: and spraying fluorocarbon paint on the outer surface of the aging-treated section to obtain the aluminum alloy section. The preparation method of the fluorocarbon paint comprises the following steps: adding 53 parts by weight of fluorocarbon resin, 16 parts by weight of vinyl ester resin, 10 parts by weight of ethyl acetate and 7 parts by weight of cyclohexanone into a reaction kettle, stirring for 45min, adding 6 parts by weight of talcum powder, 1.5 parts by weight of molybdenum disulfide and 4.5 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, uniformly mixing, and filtering.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, this embodiment provides a process for preparing a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section, including the following steps:
s1, ingredient smelting: 0.11wt% of Si, 0.28wt% of Fe, 0.06wt% of Cu, 0.13wt% of Mn, 0.18wt% of Ni, 0.035wt% of Zr, 0.07wt% of Cr, 0.034wt% of Nd, 0.05wt% of Yb, 0.052wt% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; selecting aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-nickel alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys and aluminum-chromium alloys, adding the aluminum ingots, the aluminum-silicon alloys, the aluminum-iron alloys, the aluminum-copper alloys, the aluminum-manganese alloys, the aluminum-nickel alloys, the aluminum-zirconium alloys and the aluminum-chromium alloys into a smelting furnace 20 of a smelting deslagging and casting device, heating to 752 ℃, keeping the temperature for smelting for 45min, adding aluminum-rare earth alloys, heating to 992 ℃, keeping the temperature, stirring and smelting to obtain a smelting solution;
s2, refining, degassing and deslagging: after the temperature of the molten liquid is reduced to 775 ℃, adding a refining agent accounting for 0.19 percent of the mass of the molten liquid into the smelting furnace 20, discharging oxygen in the molten liquid, and discharging alumina slag through an electric slag discharging mechanism to obtain refined molten liquid; the refining agent is Na3AlF6、MgCl2、NaF、Na2SiF6、AlF3And NaCl is mixed and crushed according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1:1:2: 3.
S3, vacuum casting: the refined melt enters a casting furnace 30, is cooled to 695 ℃ by water cooling, and then is subjected to vacuum continuous casting to obtain a casting blank;
s4, rolling: continuously rolling the casting blank, controlling the rolling temperature to be 535 ℃ and the final rolling temperature to be 275 ℃ to obtain a rolled section; wherein the rolling speed is 4.3m/min, and the temperature is reduced to 42 ℃ by water cooling;
s5, solution treatment: heating the rolled section to 493 ℃ at a speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 47min, heating to 530 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, and cooling to 35 ℃ by high-pressure water spray quenching to obtain a solid solution treatment section;
s6, aging treatment: heating the solution treated section to 112 ℃ for aging treatment for 10.5 hours to obtain an aging treated section;
s7, fluorocarbon paint spraying: and spraying fluorocarbon paint on the outer surface of the aging-treated section to obtain the aluminum alloy section. The preparation method of the fluorocarbon paint comprises the following steps: adding 60 parts by weight of fluorocarbon resin, 18 parts by weight of vinyl ester resin, 11 parts by weight of ethyl acetate and 9 parts by weight of cyclohexanone into a reaction kettle, stirring for 46min, adding 7 parts by weight of talcum powder, 2 parts by weight of molybdenum disulfide and 5 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, uniformly mixing, and filtering.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, this embodiment provides a process for preparing a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section, including the following steps:
s1, ingredient smelting: 0.07wt% of Si, 0.32wt% of Fe, 0.07wt% of Cu, 0.08wt% of Mn, 0.25wt% of Ni, 0.036wt% of Zr, 0.06wt% of Cr, 0.038wt% of Nd, 0.05wt% of Yb, 0.057wt% of Y, and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities; selecting aluminum ingots, aluminum-silicon alloys, aluminum-iron alloys, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-nickel alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys and aluminum-chromium alloys, adding the aluminum ingots, the aluminum-silicon alloys, the aluminum-iron alloys, the aluminum-copper alloys, the aluminum-manganese alloys, the aluminum-nickel alloys, the aluminum-zirconium alloys and the aluminum-chromium alloys into a smelting furnace 20 of a smelting deslagging and casting device, heating to 758 ℃, keeping the temperature for smelting for 47min, adding aluminum-rare earth alloys, heating to 993 ℃, keeping the temperature, stirring and smelting to obtain a smelting solution;
s2 refining, degassingSlag: after the temperature of the molten liquid is reduced to 772 ℃, adding a refining agent accounting for 0.21 percent of the mass of the molten liquid into the smelting furnace 20, discharging oxygen in the molten liquid, and discharging aluminum oxide slag through an electric slag discharging mechanism to obtain refined molten liquid; the refining agent is composed of Na3AlF6、MgCl2、NaF、Na2SiF6、AlF3And NaCl are mixed and crushed according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1:1:2: 3.
S3, vacuum casting: the refined melt enters a casting furnace 30, is cooled to 695 ℃ by water cooling, and then is subjected to vacuum continuous casting to obtain a casting blank;
s4, rolling: continuously rolling the casting blank, controlling the rolling temperature to be 536 ℃ and the final rolling temperature to be 275 ℃ to obtain a rolled section; wherein the rolling speed is 4.6m/min, and the temperature is reduced to 42 ℃ by water cooling;
s5, solution treatment: heating the rolled section to 495 ℃ at the speed of 9 ℃/min, preserving heat for 45min, heating to 530 ℃ at the speed of 4.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, and cooling to 40 ℃ by high-pressure water spray quenching to obtain a solid solution treatment section;
s6, aging treatment: heating the solution treatment section to 105-115 ℃ for aging treatment for 10-12 hours to obtain an aging treatment section;
s7, fluorocarbon paint spraying: and spraying fluorocarbon paint on the outer surface of the aging-treated section to obtain the aluminum alloy section. The preparation method of the fluorocarbon paint comprises the following steps: adding 63 parts by weight of fluorocarbon resin, 18 parts by weight of vinyl ester resin, 11 parts by weight of ethyl acetate and 9 parts by weight of cyclohexanone into a reaction kettle, stirring for 45min, adding 7 parts by weight of talcum powder, 2.5 parts by weight of molybdenum disulfide and 5 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, uniformly mixing, and filtering.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example is different from example 2 in that the rare earth element Yb is not added.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 2 in that no refining agent was added.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 2 in that no fluorocarbon paint was sprayed.
Performance testing
The aluminum alloy sections prepared in examples 2 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and corrosion resistance, wherein the corrosion resistance test employs circulating mist generated by 60wt% sodium hydroxide solution and 40wt% hydrochloric acid solution to corrode, and the time required for the aluminum alloy sections to be corroded obviously is tested, and the specific results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the table above, the aluminum alloy section prepared by the embodiment of the invention has better tensile strength, yield strength and elongation than the comparative example, and has better corrosion resistance, toughness and corrosion resistance. Comparative example 1 Al could not be produced because of no addition of Yb, a rare earth element3The Yb rare earth phase has obviously reduced mechanical property; in the comparative example 2, because no refining agent is added, the purity of the molten aluminum alloy is reduced, and the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance are reduced; in the comparative example 3, since fluorocarbon paint is not sprayed, a waterproof, oil-proof and corrosion-resistant surface film layer cannot be formed, and the corrosion resistance is remarkably reduced.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and various modifications, additions or substitutions may be made to the specific embodiments described by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section is characterized in that the aluminum alloy section is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.03-0.12 wt% of Si, 0.13-0.35 wt% of Fe, 0.05-0.08 wt% of Cu, 0.06-0.15 wt% of Mn, 0.1-0.3 wt% of Ni, 0.025-0.046 wt% of Zr, 0.03-0.08 wt% of Cr, 0.016-0.045 wt% of Nd, 0.02-0.06 wt% of Yb, 0.035-0.062 wt% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; wherein the addition content of the elements Nd, Yb and Y is 0.085-0.155 wt%; the aluminum alloy section is prepared by the steps of material smelting, refining, degassing and deslagging, vacuum casting, rolling, solution treatment, aging treatment and fluorocarbon paint spraying.
2. The preparation process of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, batching and smelting: the alloy comprises, by weight, 0.03-0.12% of Si, 0.13-0.35% of Fe, 0.05-0.08% of Cu, 0.06-0.15% of Mn, 0.1-0.3% of Ni, 0.025-0.046% of Zr, 0.03-0.08% of Cr, 0.016-0.045% of Nd, 0.02-0.06% of Yb, 0.035-0.062% of Y, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the sum of Nd, Yb and Y is 0.085-0.155% of Nd; selecting an aluminum ingot, an aluminum-silicon alloy, an aluminum-iron alloy, an aluminum-copper alloy, an aluminum-manganese alloy, an aluminum-nickel alloy, an aluminum-zirconium alloy and an aluminum-chromium alloy, adding the aluminum ingot, the aluminum-silicon alloy, the aluminum-iron alloy, the aluminum-copper alloy, the aluminum-manganese alloy, the aluminum-nickel alloy, the aluminum-zirconium alloy and the aluminum-chromium alloy into a smelting furnace (20) of a smelting and deslagging casting device, heating to 740-760 ℃, keeping the temperature for smelting for 30-50 min, adding an aluminum-rare earth alloy, heating to 980-1000 ℃, keeping the temperature, stirring and smelting to obtain a smelting solution;
s2, refining, degassing and deslagging: after the temperature of the molten liquid is reduced to 760-780 ℃, adding a refining agent accounting for 0.16-0.22% of the mass of the molten liquid into the smelting furnace 20, discharging oxygen in the molten liquid, and discharging alumina slag through an electric slag discharging mechanism to obtain refined molten liquid;
s3, vacuum casting: feeding the refined molten liquid into a casting furnace 30, cooling to 680-700 ℃ by water cooling, and then carrying out vacuum continuous casting to obtain a casting blank;
s4, rolling: continuously rolling the casting blank, controlling the rolling temperature to be 520-540 ℃ and the final rolling temperature to be 260-280 ℃ to obtain a rolled section; wherein the rolling speed is 4.2-4.8 m/min, and the temperature is reduced to 35-45 ℃ by water cooling;
s5, solution treatment: heating the rolled section to 480-500 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-50 min, heating to 520-535 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15-25 min, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ by high-pressure water spray quenching to obtain a solid solution treatment section;
s6, aging treatment: heating the solid solution treated section to 105-115 ℃ and carrying out aging treatment for 10-12 hours to obtain an aging treated section;
s7, fluorocarbon paint spraying: and spraying fluorocarbon paint on the outer surface of the aging-treated section to obtain the aluminum alloy section.
3. The preparation process of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section bar according to claim 2, wherein the specific processes of heating and heat-preservation smelting in the step S1 are as follows: the hydraulic oil cylinder (42) drives the control box (41) to slide up and down along the limiting plate (45) through a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the position of the graphite heating rod (43) extending into the smelting furnace (20) is adjusted; and starting the driving motor (47), driving the graphite heating rod (43) to rotate by the driving motor (47), and performing heat preservation smelting on the raw materials after the temperature of the graphite heating rod (43) is raised.
4. The preparation process of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profile according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of discharging oxygen in the molten liquid in the step S2 is as follows: and (3) opening the nitrogen steel cylinder (52), after the nitrogen in the nitrogen steel cylinder (52) is pressurized by the gas booster pump (50), the nitrogen enters the inner cavity of the graphite heating rod (43) through the air inlet pipe (49), is sprayed into the molten liquid from the plurality of air outlets (48), and discharges the oxygen in the molten liquid.
5. The preparation process of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profile according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of discharging the alumina slag by the electric slag discharging mechanism in the step S2 is as follows: the servo motor (22) drives the rotating shaft (25) to rotate, the rotating shaft (25) drives the rotating cylinder (23) to rotate, the pawls (26) on the periphery of the rotating cylinder (23) also rotate to apply force to the inner engaged ratchet wheel (24), so that the inner engaged ratchet wheel (24) drives the slag removing plate (27) to rotate, and slag such as aluminum oxide floating on the surface of the molten liquid is discharged into the slag removing cavity (21) and condensed and collected in the slag removing cavity (21).
6. The process for preparing the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profile according to claim 2, wherein the refining agent is Na3AlF6、MgCl2、NaF、Na2SiF6、AlF3And NaCl are mixed and crushed according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1:1:2: 3.
7. The preparation process of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section bar according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the fluorocarbon paint is as follows: according to the weight parts, 45-65 parts of fluorocarbon resin, 10-20 parts of vinyl ester resin, 6-12 parts of ethyl acetate and 5-10 parts of cyclohexanone are added into a reaction kettle, stirred for 30-50 min, added with 3-8 parts of talcum powder, 1-3 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 2-6 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, uniformly mixed and filtered.
8. The preparation process of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy profile according to claim 2, wherein the smelting, deslagging and casting equipment comprises a frame (10), a smelting furnace (20), a casting furnace (30) and an adjustable heating and degassing mechanism (40), wherein the adjustable heating and degassing mechanism (40) comprises a control box (41), a hydraulic oil cylinder (42) and a graphite heating rod (43), a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder (42) penetrates through a fixing plate (44), limiting plates (45) are arranged on two sides of the fixing plate (44), the limiting plates (45) extend downwards and are fixedly connected with a first mounting plate (13), the bottom end of the piston rod is connected with the top of the control box (41), and the hydraulic oil cylinder (42) drives the control box (41) to slide up and down along the limiting plates (45) through the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder (42); the inner cavity of the control box (41) is provided with a plurality of graphite heating rods (43) through clamping grooves (46), and the graphite heating rods (43) extend towards the inner cavity of the smelting furnace (20); a driving motor (47) is installed above the clamping groove (46), a plurality of air outlets (48) are formed in the periphery of the graphite heating rod (43) in an outward extending mode, an air inlet pipe (49) is formed in the inner cavity of the graphite heating rod (43) in an extending mode, and the air inlet pipe (49) does not change along with the rotating position of the graphite heating rod (43); the air inlet pipe (49) extends out of the control box (41) and is connected with the air outlet end of the gas booster pump (50), and the air inlet end of the gas booster pump (50) is connected with the nitrogen steel cylinder (52) through the air outlet pipe (51).
9. The preparation process of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section bar according to claim 8, wherein one side of the top of the smelting furnace (20) is provided with a slag discharge chamber (21), and an electric slag discharge mechanism is arranged on the smelting furnace (20) close to the slag discharge chamber (21); the electric slag discharging mechanism comprises a servo motor (22), a rotating cylinder (23) and an inner meshing ratchet wheel (24), a rotating shaft (25) is arranged at the axis of the rotating cylinder (23), the rotating shaft (25) penetrates through the smelting furnace (20), a plurality of pawls (26) are rotatably connected to the periphery of the rotating cylinder (23), and the pawls (26) are in contact with the inner circumference of the inner meshing ratchet wheel (24); the servo motor (22) extends into the smelting furnace (20) from the outside and is connected with the rotating shaft (25), a plurality of bent slag skimming plates (27) are distributed on the periphery of the inner meshing ratchet wheel (24) in an annular array, and the outer edges of the slag skimming plates (27) are close to the slag discharging cavity (21).
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