CN114588963B - Heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher and method - Google Patents
Heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114588963B CN114588963B CN202210349779.2A CN202210349779A CN114588963B CN 114588963 B CN114588963 B CN 114588963B CN 202210349779 A CN202210349779 A CN 202210349779A CN 114588963 B CN114588963 B CN 114588963B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
- B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
- B02C2/04—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis
- B02C2/045—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis and with bowl adjusting or controlling mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
- B02C2/005—Lining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher and a method thereof, wherein the crusher comprises a frame assembly, a movable cone assembly, a fixed cone assembly and an eccentric assembly, wherein the fixed cone assembly is located on the frame assembly, an anti-rotation device is arranged in the movable cone assembly and is arranged in the frame assembly by matching with a main shaft through the anti-rotation device, the movable cone assembly is matched with the fixed cone assembly to form a crushing cavity, and the eccentric assembly drives the movable cone assembly to do circumferential oscillation. The invention integrally adopts a heavy structural design, a large crushing force design, a dynamic cone self-transmission prevention design, an eccentric structure and a thrust bearing structure are optimized, and the intelligent upgrading is realized. Compared with the traditional multi-cylinder cone crusher, the capacity is improved by 80% under the same motor power, the energy consumption of the crusher is greatly reduced, and the cost and efficiency of a boosted mine enterprise are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mining equipment, and particularly relates to a heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher and a method.
Background
The multi-cylinder cone crusher is a typical crushing device for medium crushing and fine crushing of hard materials, adopts the principle of lamination crushing, improves the primary crushing yield, and is simpler and more convenient to maintain and lower in operation cost. The movable cone is separated from the main shaft, the main shaft is fixed, and only the movable cone performs rotary swinging motion and other measures to improve the structural strength.
In the 50 s of the 19 th century, with the development of hydraulic technology, cone crushers can adopt hydraulic pressure to adjust a discharge outlet and realize overload protection, which is the hydraulic cone crusher, and the hydraulic cone crusher has very wide application in a plurality of industries with unique performance advantages. With the continued development and perfection of hydraulic cone crushers, a degree of serialization, normalization, and standardization has been achieved. The high-performance cone crusher has excellent performance and can meet the technological requirements of more crushing and less grinding. Under the guidance of reform open policy, basic construction industry is rapidly developed in China, and the crusher market is promoted to be extremely explosive. In recent years, domestic users have introduced various advanced cone crushers abroad, among which hydraulic cone crushers of GP series, HP series, and H1800 and S1800 series are the most, and based on this, efforts have been made to develop domestic advanced hydraulic cone crushers whose main performances have been brought close to and improved from the foreign advanced cone crushers.
The multi-cylinder cone crusher has the advantages of special structure, small volume, high installed power, high rotating speed, high working efficiency, lamination crushing and high quality of finished products. The structure is simple, the appearance design is exquisite, the manufacturing cost is low, the parts are few, and the automatic control is convenient.
As multi-cylinder cone crushers are increasingly used, the crushers are also constantly exposed to some problems. The structure of the multi-cylinder cone fixed cone of the multi-cylinder cone crusher at present has the following defects: 1. the energy consumption is high; 2. the crushing force is small; 3. the material distributing disc is quick in abrasion; 4. the structure strength is low, the frame is cracked, the adjusting ring, the locking ring and the fixed cone thread are seriously worn; 5. the oil return speed is low, oil is accumulated in the frame, and lubricating oil is thrown out by the counterweight; 6. the moving cone rotates, so that the copper sleeve in the moving cone is easy to fail.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher and a heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher method, which are designed by adopting a heavy structure design and a large crushing force design, and by adopting a dynamic cone self-transmission prevention design, optimize an eccentric structure and a thrust bearing structure and intelligently upgrade. Compared with the traditional multi-cylinder cone crusher, the capacity is improved by 80% under the same motor power, the energy consumption of the crusher is greatly reduced, and the cost and efficiency of a boosted mine enterprise are reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher, includes frame assembly, moves awl assembly, fixed cone assembly and eccentric assembly, and fixed cone assembly sits on frame assembly, moves and is provided with the rotation preventing device in the awl assembly to in the frame assembly is installed through rotation preventing device cooperation main shaft, move the awl assembly and cooperate the fixed cone assembly to form the crushing chamber, is done circumference by eccentric assembly drive and swings by moving the awl assembly.
Further, the device also comprises a thrust bearing, wherein the thrust bearing is supported between the eccentric assembly and the frame assembly, the thrust bearing comprises an upper thrust bearing and a lower thrust bearing, a plurality of lubricating oil grooves are uniformly formed in the matching surface of the upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing, and two ends of each lubricating oil groove penetrate through the inner circle surface and the outer circle surface of the upper thrust bearing;
further, a plurality of through mounting holes are uniformly formed in the upper thrust bearing.
Further, the lubrication groove comprises two connected inclined planes, wherein the two inclined planes are a first inclined plane and a second inclined plane respectively, the first inclined plane is a gentle slope, and the second inclined plane is a steep slope.
Further, the inclination angle of the slow slope surface is a first included angle alpha, the inclination angle of the steep slope surface is a second included angle beta, the first included angle alpha is larger than 60 degrees, the second included angle beta is smaller than 30 degrees, and the depth H of the lubricating oil groove is set to be 1/3 to 1/2 of the thickness H of the upper thrust bearing.
Further, the mounting hole sets up in the bottom of lubrication groove.
Further, a temperature measuring chamber for containing lubricating oil is arranged in the lower thrust bearing, an opening for the lubricating oil to enter is formed in the top of the temperature measuring chamber, a sensor mounting hole for mounting a temperature sensor is formed in the bottom of the temperature measuring chamber, the sensor mounting hole is communicated with the temperature measuring chamber, a wire slot is formed in the outer surface of the lower thrust bearing on the back of the temperature measuring chamber, and the wire slot is communicated with the sensor mounting hole.
Further, the temperature measuring chamber is in a hole shape, and an opening of the temperature measuring chamber faces to a matching surface of the lower thrust bearing and the upper thrust bearing.
Further, the number of the temperature measuring chambers is two, each group is two, and the two groups of temperature measuring chambers are arranged at 180 degrees.
Further, the wire slot is arranged on the opposite surface of the matching surface of the lower thrust bearing and the upper thrust bearing.
Further, the cross section of the groove is designed into a rectangle, a semicircle and a U shape, preferably a U-shaped cross section, and two ends of the wire groove are communicated with the inner circular outer wall and the outer circular outer wall of the lower thrust bearing.
Further, a plurality of screw holes are further formed in the outer wall of the outer circle of the lower thrust bearing, and 5 or 7 screw holes are preferably formed.
Further, the autorotation preventing device comprises a movable cone sphere, a spherical tile frame and a main shaft, wherein the spherical tile frame is fixed on the main shaft, the spherical tile is fixed in the spherical tile frame, the movable cone sphere is fixed in the movable cone, the movable cone sphere is seated on the spherical tile and freely slides on the spherical surface in the spherical tile, a universal joint is arranged between the movable cone and the main shaft, two ends of the universal joint are respectively connected with the movable cone top and the spherical tile frame, and the movable cone top and the end part of the universal joint are matched to form a sliding pair.
Furthermore, one end of the universal joint is provided with a spline shaft, the upper part of the movable cone is provided with a spline housing, the spline shaft is in spline connection with the spline housing, and the spline shaft and the spline housing can slide relatively.
Further, the top of the movable cone is covered with an upper connecting plate through bolt fit, and the spline housing is detachably arranged on the upper connecting plate through bolts.
Further, the lower connecting plate of the spherical tile frame is provided with a coupler, and the lower part of the universal joint is connected with the coupler through a bolt.
Further, move awl assembly top and still set up locking feed divider, locking feed divider includes lock nut and branch charging tray, divides the charging tray to sit on lock nut to it is fixed through the connecting bolt group, divide the charging tray top inwards to sunken be provided with and hold the material storage chamber, the storage intracavity is provided with the lug, the lug top is less than storage chamber top surface.
Further, the outer diameters of the outer circles of the material distributing disc and the locking nuts are consistent.
Further, a counter bore is formed in the inner wall of the storage cavity, a groove for operating the connecting bolt set is formed in the side face of the lock nut in an inwards concave mode, an inclined round hole is formed in the groove, the end face of the upper face of the lock nut is directly connected with the round hole, one end of the connecting bolt set is arranged in the counter bore, and the other end of the connecting bolt set penetrates through the round hole and is arranged in the groove.
Further, the bottom of the material distributing plate is provided with a positioning seat, and the outer diameter of the outer circle of the positioning seat is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner circle of the locking nut.
Further, the movable cone lining plate is arranged on the movable cone, the movable cone lining plate is provided with a welding ring, the locking nut is provided with internal threads and is in threaded connection with the movable cone, the movable cone lining plate is locked on the movable cone through the welding ring, and the welding ring is welded with the movable cone lining plate and the locking nut respectively in a welding mode.
Further, the frame assembly comprises a plurality of cavity cleaning oil cylinders and a frame main body, and the cavity cleaning oil cylinders have the function of jacking up and lifting the fixed cone assembly under the action of a hydraulic system; an inner rib is arranged in the frame assembly, an oil return cavity for transmission engagement transmission of the horizontal shaft assembly and the eccentric assembly is arranged on one side of the inner rib, the inner rib adopts a U-shaped structure, and an oil return opening is formed in the bottom of the oil return cavity. The maximum diameter of the bottom of the frame is 3900mm.
Further, the eccentric assembly comprises an eccentric sleeve and a counterweight, the counterweight is arranged on the eccentric sleeve, the eccentric sleeve comprises a first rotating shaft, namely a central shaft of an inner hole of the eccentric sleeve, a second rotating shaft, namely an outer circle central shaft of the upper part of the eccentric sleeve, an eccentric angle, namely an included angle alpha between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and an eccentric distance, namely a distance e between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft on the top surface of the eccentric sleeve; the eccentric angle alpha is set in the range of 1 DEG to 30 DEG to 2 DEG, and the eccentricity is set in the range of 35 to 38 mm.
Further, the hydraulic machine also comprises an adjusting ring assembly, wherein the adjusting ring assembly comprises an adjusting ring, a locking cylinder and a hydraulic motor, the adjusting ring is arranged on the frame assembly, and the adjusting ring is provided with internal threads and is connected with the external threads of the fixed cone; the locking ring is arranged on the adjusting ring, the locking ring is provided with internal threads and is connected with the external threads of the fixed cone, the locking cylinder is arranged on the locking ring, the movable end of the locking cylinder is arranged on the adjusting ring, and the hydraulic motor is arranged on the adjusting ring and drives the fixed cone assembly to rotate. The number of the locking cylinders is 18, the number of the hydraulic motors is 3, the outer diameter D of the adjusting ring is larger than 3500mm, the integral annular structure heavy design is adopted, the minimum wall thickness at the internal thread is more than 200mm, and the weight of a single piece of the adjusting ring is more than 10000 kg. The external diameter D of the locking ring is larger than 2800mm, the heavy design of the integral annular structure is adopted, the minimum wall thickness of the internal thread reaches 250mm, and the minimum design of 3 rings of full thread is realized. A valve core is arranged in a locking cylinder body, a flange is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder body, a pressing plate which is arranged in a threaded manner is arranged on the locking cylinder, the pressing plate is positioned with a locking ring pin, the locking cylinders are all in a top oil inlet mode, and 18 locking cylinders are connected through a serial pipeline.
The temperature control method of the lower thrust bearing of the multi-cylinder cone crusher comprises four temperature measuring chambers arranged on the lower thrust bearing and sensor mounting holes arranged at the bottom of the temperature measuring chambers, wherein the sensor mounting holes are communicated with the temperature measuring chambers, openings for lubricating oil to enter are formed in the temperature measuring chambers, temperature sensors are arranged in the sensor mounting holes, and lubricating oil is stored in the temperature measuring chambers; setting temperature parameters t1, t2, t3 and t4 set by the system, wherein t1< t2< t3< t4; according to the oil temperature of each greenhouse measured by four temperature sensors, the measured values of the four temperature sensors are respectively T1, T2, T3 and T4; calculating the average temperature T of the lower thrust bearing monitored by the four temperature sensors; inhibit starting the crusher when T < T1; when T < T2, disabling dosing; stopping feeding when T > T3; stopping the crusher when T > T4; when any two of the deviations of T1, T2, T3 and T4 exceed deltat, the system sends out an alarm signal of abnormal temperature of the lower thrust bearing sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. the energy efficiency is high, and the productivity is 80% higher than that of the same crusher with the same power; 2. the eccentric angle of the eccentric sleeve is optimized, and the heavy counterweight is adopted, so that the crushing force is high, hard materials can be crushed, the strength of the crusher is improved, and the stability and the reliability of the crusher are ensured; 3. the top of the material distributing disc mill can form a material lining, and the material distributing disc has small abrasion and long service life; 4. the heavy design is adopted, the overall strength is high, and the weight is 2 times that of the similar crusher; 5. the oil return port is arranged at the bottom, so that oil return is rapid and oil accumulation is avoided; 6. the movable cone does not rotate, and only does circumferential swing and does not do rotary motion when the crusher runs, so that the copper sleeve on the movable cone rolls on the spherical tile frame when the crusher runs in a no-load mode, sliding friction does not exist, the load is small, the heat is less, and the copper sleeve on the movable cone cannot be burnt even if the movable cone is carried in a long-time air mode. And because the movable cone does not have rotary motion, intermittent feeding does not influence the motion state of the movable cone, and reciprocating motion does not exist, the failure rate of the copper sleeve under the movable cone is reduced, and the device is more efficient and reliable. 7. The thrust bearing has good heat dissipation effect, is more suitable for high strength and large crushing force, has large slope angle, is not easy to wear due to deep oil grooves, and can not cause lubrication failure due to slight wear; and the lubricating oil groove is large in allowable abrasion loss, the service life of the upper thrust bearing is long, the running cost of the crusher is increased, and the starting-up time of the crusher is prolonged. 7. The temperature of the thrust bearing can be indirectly reflected through the temperature measurement chamber oil temperature, and the working state of the lower thrust bearing can be predicted, so that the running state of the crusher is better monitored, and unpredictable fault shutdown of the crusher is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the frame of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the portion A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the portion C-C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the D-D section of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of E-E of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the G-G of FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an anti-rotation device for a moving cone according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a locking and dispensing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of an eccentric noose of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an eccentric sleeve A-A of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the upper thrust bearing structure of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a top view of an upper thrust bearing of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along section A-A of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of portion B-B of FIG. 14;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the lower thrust bearing structure of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a top view of a lower thrust bearing of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along section A-A of FIG. 18.
FIG. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view of portion B-B of FIG. 18;
FIG. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view of the portion C-C of FIG. 20;
FIG. 22 is a top view of the overall profile of the adjustment ring of the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a top view of the adjustment ring assembly of the present invention without the hydraulic motor;
FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along section A-A of FIG. 23;
FIG. 25 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 24;
FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a locking cylinder of the adjusting ring assembly of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a frame assembly, a movable cone assembly, a locking and distributing device, an eccentric sleeve, an upper thrust bearing, a lower thrust bearing, an adjusting ring assembly and a fixed cone assembly, wherein the movable cone assembly is arranged in the frame assembly;
101. the inner rib, 102, the oil return cavity, 103, the oil return port;
201. the dynamic cone comprises a dynamic cone body, a lower connecting plate, a coupler, a universal joint, a spline housing, a upper connecting plate, a spherical tile, a main shaft, a spherical tile frame and a dynamic cone body, wherein the dynamic cone body comprises a dynamic cone, a lower connecting plate, a 203, a coupler, a 204, a universal joint, a 205, a spline housing, a 206, an upper connecting plate, a spherical tile, a 208, a main shaft, a 209, a spherical cone body and a 2010 dynamic cone sphere body;
302. the device comprises a movable cone lining plate, a locking nut, a distributing disc, a welding ring, a connecting bolt group, a storage cavity, a lifting lug, a counter bore, a 3010, a groove and a 3011 round hole, wherein the movable cone lining plate, the locking nut, the distributing disc, the welding ring, the connecting bolt group, the storage cavity, the lifting lug and the counter bore are arranged in sequence, and the counter bore is arranged in sequence;
401. eccentric angle, 402, eccentricity, 403, first pivot axis, 404, second pivot axis;
501. the lubricating oil groove 502, the mounting hole 5001, the first inclined surface 5002, the second inclined surface 5003, the first included angle 5004, the second included angle 5005, the depth H and the thickness H;
601. measuring chambers, 602, sensor mounting holes, 603, wire slots, 604 and screw holes;
701. adjusting ring, 702, locking ring, 703, locking cylinder, 704, hydraulic motor, 705, cylinder, 706, spool, 707, flange, 708, pressure plate, 709, pin.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher comprises a frame assembly 1, a movable cone assembly 2, a fixed cone assembly 8 and an eccentric assembly, wherein the fixed cone assembly 8 is located on the frame assembly 1, an anti-rotation device is arranged in the movable cone assembly 2, the anti-rotation device is arranged in the frame assembly 1 in cooperation with a main shaft 208, the movable cone assembly 2 is matched with the fixed cone assembly 8 to form a crushing cavity, and the eccentric assembly drives the movable cone assembly 2 to do circumferential swing;
referring to fig. 13 to 16, the device further comprises a thrust bearing, wherein the thrust bearing is supported between the eccentric assembly and the frame assembly 1, the thrust bearing comprises an upper thrust bearing 5 and a lower thrust bearing 6, a plurality of lubricating oil grooves 501 are uniformly formed on the matching surface of the upper thrust bearing 5 and the lower thrust bearing 6, and two ends of the lubricating oil grooves 501 penetrate through the inner circle surface and the outer circle surface of the upper thrust bearing 5; the upper thrust bearing 5 is uniformly provided with a plurality of through mounting holes 502. The upper thrust bearing 5 is mounted on the eccentric assembly through the mounting hole 502 and rotates together with the eccentric assembly, so that the circulation of lubricating oil is very smooth, thereby achieving a good heat dissipation effect. And, the upper thrust bearing 5 rotates, and under the action of gravity and rotation, the lubricating oil in the oil groove is more easily and uniformly smeared along the slow slope surface of the lubricating oil to form an oil film between the upper thrust bearing 5 and the lower thrust bearing 6. And can accomplish the installation with eccentric assembly through setting up the mounting hole 502 in the lubrication groove 501 bottom, need not unnecessary part.
The lubricating oil groove 501 comprises two connected inclined planes, wherein the two inclined planes are a first inclined plane 5001 and a second inclined plane 5002 respectively, the first inclined plane 5001 is a gentle slope surface, and the second inclined plane 5002 is a steep slope surface; the inclination angle of the slow slope surface is a first included angle 5003α, the inclination angle of the steep slope surface is a second included angle 5004β, the first included angle 5003α is larger than 60 degrees, the second included angle 5004β is smaller than 30 degrees, and the depth H5005 of the lubricating oil groove 501 is set to be 1/3 to 1/2 of the thickness H5006 of the upper thrust bearing 5. The inclination angle of two inclined planes of the lubricating oil groove 5011 is increased, the bottom is deepened, slight abrasion cannot cause lubrication failure, the allowable abrasion loss of the lubricating oil groove 5011 is large, the service life of the upper thrust bearing 5 is long, the running cost of the crusher is increased, and the starting time of the crusher is prolonged. The first included angle 5003α may be set to 75 ° to 80 °, and the second included angle 5004β may be set to 10 ° to 20 °.
Wherein the mounting hole 502 is provided at the bottom of the lubrication groove 501. The mounting hole 502 is arranged at the bottom of the lubricating oil groove 501, and can also protect an oil film, so that the oil film is prevented from being easily damaged by the acute angle of the mounting hole 502 when the mounting hole is subjected to impact load, and the mounting hole is more suitable for large-scale equipment under the condition of larger impact load.
Referring to fig. 17 to 21, a temperature measuring chamber 601 for containing lubricating oil is provided in the lower thrust bearing 6, an opening for the lubricating oil to enter is provided at the top of the temperature measuring chamber 601, a sensor mounting hole 602 for mounting a temperature sensor is provided at the bottom of the temperature measuring chamber 601, the sensor mounting hole 602 is communicated with the temperature measuring chamber 601, a wire slot 603 is provided on the outer surface of the lower thrust bearing 6 at the back of the temperature measuring chamber 601, and the wire slot 603 is communicated with the sensor mounting hole 602. A temperature measuring chamber 601 is arranged on the lower thrust bearing 6, and a sensor mounting hole 602 is formed, so that a temperature measuring device can be conveniently mounted, and the temperature of the lower thrust bearing 6 can be monitored; when the temperature is measured, the temperature of the lower thrust bearing 6 can be indirectly reflected through the temperature measuring chamber 601, and the working state of the lower thrust bearing 6 can be predicted, so that the running state of the crusher is better monitored, and unpredictable fault shutdown of the crusher is reduced.
The measuring chamber 601 has a hole shape, and an opening of the measuring chamber faces to a matching surface of the lower thrust bearing 6 and the upper thrust bearing 5.
Wherein, temperature measuring chambers 601 are two groups, and every group is two, and two groups of temperature measuring chambers 601 are 180 degrees arranged.
The wire grooves 603 are formed in the opposite surface of the mating surface of the lower thrust bearing 6 and the upper thrust bearing 5.
The cross section of the groove is designed into a rectangular, semicircular or U-shaped cross section, preferably a U-shaped cross section, and two ends of the wire groove 603 are communicated with the inner circular outer wall and the outer circular outer wall of the lower thrust bearing 6.
Wherein, a plurality of screw holes 604 are also arranged on the outer wall of the outer circle of the lower thrust bearing 6, and preferably 5 or 7 screw holes 604 are arranged.
Referring to fig. 9, the anti-rotation device includes a movable cone ball 2010, a spherical tile 207, a spherical tile frame 209 and a main shaft 208, wherein the spherical tile frame 209 is fixed on the main shaft 208, the spherical tile 207 is fixed in the spherical tile frame 209, the movable cone ball 2010 is fixed in the movable cone 201, the movable cone ball 2010 is seated on the spherical tile 207 and freely slides on the inner sphere of the spherical tile 207, a universal joint 204 is arranged between the movable cone 201 and the main shaft 208, two ends of the universal joint 204 are respectively connected with the top of the movable cone 201 and the spherical tile frame 209, and the top of the movable cone 201 and the end part of the universal joint 204 are matched to form a sliding pair; the universal joint 204 is arranged between the movable cone 201 and the main shaft 208, and the two ends of the universal joint 204 are respectively connected with the top of the movable cone 201 and the spherical tile frame 209, so that the movable cone 201 only swings circumferentially when the crusher runs and does not do rotary motion, copper sleeves on the movable cone 201 roll on the spherical tile frame 209 when the crusher runs in a no-load mode, sliding friction does not exist, the load is small, the heating is less, and even if the movable cone 201 is carried in a long-time air mode, the copper sleeves on the movable cone 201 cannot be burnt. And because the movable cone 201 does not have rotary motion, intermittent feeding does not influence the motion state of the movable cone 201, and reciprocating motion does not exist, the failure rate of the copper sleeve under the movable cone 201 is reduced.
One end of the universal joint 204 is a spline shaft, a spline sleeve 205 is installed on the upper portion of the movable cone 201, the spline shaft is in spline connection with the spline sleeve 205, and the spline shaft and the spline sleeve 205 can slide relatively. The universal joint 204 can be conveniently matched and installed, and the effects of non-rotation and relative sliding can be achieved without changing the structure of the cone 201.
Wherein, move awl 201 top through the bolt cooperation cover and have upper connection plate 206, spline housing 205 is through the detachable installation of bolt on upper connection plate 206. The spline housing 205 can be conveniently installed and connected, and later maintenance is convenient.
Wherein, the spherical tile frame 209 is equipped with the shaft coupling 203 through the lower connecting plate 202, and the universal joint 204 lower part is connected with the shaft coupling 203 through the bolt. The universal joint 204 is convenient to mount and support, and is convenient to detach during later maintenance.
Referring to fig. 10, a locking and distributing device 3 is further arranged at the top of the movable cone assembly 2, the locking and distributing device 3 comprises a locking nut 303 and a distributing disc 304, the distributing disc 304 is located on the locking nut 303 and fixed through a connecting bolt set 306, a material containing and storing cavity 307 is arranged at the top of the distributing disc 304 in an inward concave manner, a lifting lug 308 is arranged in the material storing cavity 307, and the top of the lifting lug 308 is lower than the top surface of the material storing cavity 307. A lifting lug 308 is arranged in the storage cavity 307, the top of the lifting lug 308 is lower than the top surface of the storage cavity 307, materials are stored in the storage cavity 307, materials to be crushed fall onto the materials in the storage cavity 307 and then enter the crushing cavity, the material distributing disc 304 is not directly flushed, abrasion of the material distributing disc 304 caused by flushing of the material distributing disc 304 is avoided, and the service life of the material distributing disc 304 is long; and the lifting lug 308 can facilitate the lifting of the material distributing disc 304, and after the storage cavity 307 is full of materials, the materials can not be directly washed out to the lifting lug 308, so that the lifting lug 308 can not be worn.
Wherein, the outer diameter of the outer circle of the distributing disc 304 is consistent with that of the locking nut 303. When the multi-cylinder cone crusher works, the rebound materials crushed by swing extrusion and the materials which overflow the material separating disc 304 when the supplied materials are too much cannot contact the bottom of the material separating disc 3044, so that the situation that the bottom of the material separating disc 304 is worn is effectively avoided.
Wherein, the inner wall of the storage cavity 307 is provided with a counter-sunk hole 309, the side surface of the lock nut 303 is inwards sunken to provide a groove 3010 for operating the connecting bolt group 306, a round hole 3011 which is obliquely upward is arranged in the groove 3010 to be directly connected with the upper end surface of the lock nut 303, one end of the connecting bolt group 306 is arranged in the counter-sunk hole 309, and the other end passes through the round hole 3011 to be arranged in the groove 3010. The condition that the nuts and the screw heads of the connecting bolt group 306 cannot be worn is guaranteed, and the later disassembly, assembly and maintenance are convenient.
Wherein, divide charging tray 304 bottom to be provided with the positioning seat, positioning seat excircle external diameter is less than lock nut 303 interior diameter, makes things convenient for dividing charging tray 304 hoist and mount location installation.
The movable cone lining plate 302 is mounted on the movable cone 201, the movable cone lining plate 302 is provided with a welding ring 305, the locking nut 303 is provided with internal threads in threaded connection with the movable cone 201, the movable cone lining plate 302 is locked on the movable cone 201 through the welding ring 305, and the welding ring 305 is respectively welded with the movable cone lining plate 302 and the locking nut 303 in a welding mode.
Referring to fig. 2 to 8, the frame assembly 1 includes a plurality of cavity cleaning cylinders and a frame main body, wherein the cavity cleaning cylinders have the function of lifting the fixed cone assembly 8 under the action of a hydraulic system; further, an inner rib 101 is arranged in the frame assembly 1, an oil return cavity 102 for transmission engagement transmission of the horizontal shaft assembly and the eccentric assembly is arranged on one side of the inner rib 101, the inner rib 101 is of a U-shaped structure, an oil return opening 103 is formed in the bottom of the oil return cavity 102, and the maximum diameter of the bottom of the frame is 3900mm.
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, wherein the eccentric assembly includes an eccentric sleeve 4 and a balance weight, the balance weight is mounted on the eccentric sleeve 4, the eccentric sleeve 4 includes a first rotating shaft 403, i.e., a central shaft of an inner hole of the eccentric sleeve 4, a second rotating shaft 404, i.e., a central shaft of an outer circle of an upper portion of the eccentric sleeve 4, an eccentric angle 401, i.e., an included angle α between the first rotating shaft 403 and the second rotating shaft 404, and an eccentric distance 402, and a distance e between the first rotating shaft 403 and the second rotating shaft 404 on a top surface of the eccentric sleeve 4; the eccentric angle 401 alpha is set in the range of 1 DEG to 30 DEG to 2 DEG, the eccentric distance 402 is set in the range of 35 to 38mm, a heavy counterweight is adopted, and the optimization of the eccentric angle is matched, so that the large crushing force is ensured, the strong crushing force of the heavy crusher can be borne, and the continuous operation requirement of crushing hard materials is met.
Referring to fig. 22 to 26, the device further comprises an adjusting ring 701 assembly 7, wherein the adjusting ring 701 assembly 7 comprises an adjusting ring 701, a locking ring 702, a locking cylinder 703 and a hydraulic motor 704, the adjusting ring 701 is seated on the frame assembly 1, and the adjusting ring 701 is provided with internal threads and is connected with external threads of a fixed cone; the locking ring 702 is arranged on the adjusting ring 701, the locking ring 702 is provided with internal threads and is connected with the external threads of the fixed cone, the locking cylinder 703 is arranged on the locking ring 702, the movable end of the locking cylinder 703 is seated on the adjusting ring 701, and the hydraulic motor 704 is arranged on the adjusting ring 701 and drives the fixed cone assembly 8 to rotate. The number of locking cylinders 703 is 18, the number of hydraulic motors 704 is 3, the outer diameter D of the adjusting ring 701 is larger than 3500mm, the whole annular structure heavy design is adopted, the minimum wall thickness at the internal thread is more than 200mm, and the single piece weight of the adjusting ring 701 is more than 10000 kg. The outer diameter D of the locking ring 702 is larger than 2800mm, the heavy design of the integral annular structure is adopted, the minimum wall thickness at the internal thread is up to 250mm, and the minimum design of 3 rings of full thread is realized. A valve core 706 is arranged in a cylinder body 705 of the locking cylinder 703, a flange 707 is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder body 705, a pressing plate 708 which is screwed is arranged on the locking cylinder 703, the pressing plate 708 is positioned with a locking ring 702 pin 709, all the locking cylinders 703 adopt a top oil inlet mode, and 18 locking cylinders 703 are connected through a series pipeline.
The temperature control method of the lower thrust bearing of the multi-cylinder cone crusher comprises four temperature measuring chambers 601 arranged on a lower thrust bearing 6 and sensor mounting holes 602 arranged at the bottom of the temperature measuring chambers 601, wherein the sensor mounting holes 602 are communicated with the temperature measuring chambers 601, openings for lubricating oil to enter are formed in the temperature measuring chambers 601, temperature sensors are arranged in the sensor mounting holes 602, and lubricating oil is stored in the temperature measuring chambers 601; setting temperature parameters t1, t2, t3 and t4 set by the system, wherein t1< t2< t3< t4; according to the oil temperature of each greenhouse 601 measured by four temperature sensors, the measured values of the four temperature sensors are respectively T1, T2, T3 and T4; calculating the average temperature T of the lower thrust bearing 6 monitored by the four temperature sensors; inhibit starting the crusher when T < T1; when T < T2, disabling dosing; stopping feeding when T > T3; stopping the crusher when T > T4; when any two of T1, T2, T3 and T4 deviate by more than deltat, the system sends out an alarm signal of abnormal temperature of the lower thrust bearing 6 sensor.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher, characterized by: the device comprises a frame assembly, a movable cone assembly, a fixed cone assembly and an eccentric assembly, wherein the fixed cone assembly is located on the frame assembly, an anti-rotation device is arranged in the movable cone assembly and is matched with a main shaft to be installed in the frame assembly, the movable cone assembly is matched with the fixed cone assembly to form a crushing cavity, and the eccentric assembly drives the movable cone assembly to do circumferential swing; a thrust bearing is arranged between the eccentric assembly and the frame assembly, the thrust bearing comprises an upper thrust bearing and a lower thrust bearing, a plurality of lubricating oil grooves are uniformly formed in the matching surface of the upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing, and two ends of each lubricating oil groove penetrate through the inner circle surface and the outer circle surface of the upper thrust bearing;
the anti-rotation device comprises a movable cone sphere, a spherical tile frame and a main shaft, wherein the spherical tile frame is fixed on the main shaft, the spherical tile is fixed in the spherical tile frame, the movable cone sphere is fixed in the movable cone, the movable cone sphere is seated on the spherical tile and freely slides on the spherical surface in the spherical tile, a universal joint is arranged between the movable cone and the main shaft, two ends of the universal joint are respectively connected with the top of the movable cone and the spherical tile frame, and the top of the movable cone and the end part of the universal joint are matched to form a sliding pair; the universal joint is characterized in that one end of the universal joint is provided with a spline shaft, the upper part of the movable cone is provided with a spline sleeve, the spline shaft is connected with the spline sleeve through a spline, the spline shaft and the spline sleeve can slide relatively, the top of the movable cone is covered with an upper connecting plate through bolt matching, the spline sleeve is detachably arranged on the upper connecting plate through a bolt, the spherical tile frame is provided with a coupler through a lower connecting plate, and the lower part of the universal joint is connected with the coupler through a bolt.
2. A heavy duty multi-cylinder cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower thrust bearing is internally provided with a temperature measuring chamber for containing lubricating oil, the top of the temperature measuring chamber is provided with an opening for the lubricating oil to enter, the bottom of the temperature measuring chamber is provided with a sensor mounting hole for mounting a temperature sensor, the sensor mounting hole is communicated with the temperature measuring chamber, the outer surface of the lower thrust bearing at the back of the temperature measuring chamber is provided with a wire slot, and the wire slot is communicated with the sensor mounting hole.
3. A heavy duty multi-cylinder cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the movable cone assembly top is further provided with a locking and distributing device, the locking and distributing device comprises a lock nut and a distributing disc, the distributing disc is arranged on the lock nut and fixed through a connecting bolt set, the top of the distributing disc is inwards concavely provided with a material containing and storing cavity, a lifting lug is arranged in the material storing cavity, and the top of the lifting lug is lower than the top surface of the material storing cavity.
4. A heavy duty multi-cylinder cone crusher as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the outer diameters of the outer circles of the distributing disc and the locking nuts are consistent, countersunk holes are formed in the inner wall of the storage cavity, grooves for operating the connecting bolt groups are formed in the side faces of the locking nuts in an inwards concave mode, inclined round holes are formed in the grooves and are directly formed in the upper end faces of the locking nuts in a straight-through mode, one end of each connecting bolt group is arranged in each countersunk hole, and the other end of each connecting bolt group penetrates through each round hole and is arranged in each groove.
5. A heavy duty multi-cylinder cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the frame assembly comprises a plurality of cavity cleaning oil cylinders and a frame main body, and the cavity cleaning oil cylinders have the function of jacking up and lifting the fixed cone assembly under the action of the hydraulic system; an inner rib is arranged in the frame assembly, an oil return cavity for transmission engagement transmission of the horizontal shaft assembly and the eccentric assembly is arranged on one side of the inner rib, the inner rib adopts a U-shaped structure, and an oil return opening is formed in the bottom of the oil return cavity.
6. A heavy duty multi-cylinder cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the eccentric assembly comprises an eccentric sleeve and a counterweight, the counterweight is arranged on the eccentric sleeve, the eccentric sleeve comprises a first rotating shaft, namely a central shaft of an inner hole of the eccentric sleeve, a second rotating shaft, namely a central shaft of an outer circle of the upper part of the eccentric sleeve, an eccentric angle, namely an included angle alpha between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and an eccentric distance, namely a distance e between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft on the top surface of the eccentric sleeve; the eccentric angle alpha is set in the range of 1 DEG to 30 DEG to 2 DEG, and the eccentricity is set in the range of 35 to 38 mm.
7. A heavy duty multi-cylinder cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adjusting ring assembly comprises an adjusting ring, a locking cylinder and a hydraulic motor, wherein the adjusting ring is arranged on the frame assembly, is provided with internal threads and is connected with the external threads of the fixed cone; the locking ring is arranged on the adjusting ring, is provided with internal threads and is connected with the external threads of the fixed cone, the locking cylinder is arranged on the locking ring, the movable end of the locking cylinder is seated on the adjusting ring, and the hydraulic motor is arranged on the adjusting ring and drives the fixed cone assembly to rotate; a valve core is arranged in a locking cylinder body, a flange is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder body, a pressing plate which is arranged in a threaded manner is arranged on the locking cylinder, the pressing plate is positioned with a locking ring pin, the locking cylinder is all in a top oil inlet mode, and the locking cylinder is connected through a serial pipeline.
8. A heavy duty multi-cylinder cone crusher as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the adjusting ring adopts a heavy design of an integral annular structure, the minimum wall thickness at the internal thread is more than 200mm, and the weight of a single piece of the adjusting ring is more than 10000 kg.
9. A heavy duty multi-cylinder cone crusher as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the external diameter D of the locking ring is larger than 2800mm, the heavy design of the integral annular structure is adopted, the minimum wall thickness of the internal thread reaches 250mm, and the minimum design of 3 rings of full thread is realized.
10. A temperature control method for a lower thrust bearing of a multi-cylinder cone crusher is characterized by comprising the following steps: a thrust bearing is arranged between the eccentric assembly and the frame assembly, the thrust bearing comprises an upper thrust bearing and a lower thrust bearing, a plurality of lubricating oil grooves are uniformly formed in the matching surface of the upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing, and two ends of each lubricating oil groove penetrate through the inner circle surface and the outer circle surface of the upper thrust bearing; four temperature measuring chambers for containing lubricating oil are arranged in the lower thrust bearing, an opening for the lubricating oil to enter is formed in the top of each temperature measuring chamber, a sensor mounting hole for mounting a temperature sensor is formed in the bottom of each temperature measuring chamber, the sensor mounting holes are communicated with the temperature measuring chambers, a wire slot is formed in the outer surface of the lower thrust bearing on the back of each temperature measuring chamber, and the wire slot is communicated with the sensor mounting holes; a temperature sensor is arranged in the sensor mounting hole, and lubricating oil is stored in the temperature measuring chamber; setting temperature parameters t1, t2, t3 and t4 set by the system, wherein t1< t2< t3< t4; according to the oil temperature of each greenhouse measured by four temperature sensors, the measured values of the four temperature sensors are respectively T1, T2, T3 and T4; calculating the average temperature T of the lower thrust bearing monitored by the four temperature sensors; inhibit starting the crusher when T < T1; when T < T2, disabling dosing; stopping feeding when T > T3; stopping the crusher when T > T4; when any two of the deviations of T1, T2, T3 and T4 exceed deltat, the system sends out an alarm signal of abnormal temperature of the lower thrust bearing sensor.
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| CN202210349779.2A CN114588963B (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher and method |
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| CN202210349779.2A CN114588963B (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Heavy multi-cylinder cone crusher and method |
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| CN114588963A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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