CN114587558A - 骨钉 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种骨钉,其包括外螺纹、内支架结构以及多孔隙层。内支架结构设置在外螺纹的中间部位的内部。内支架结构包括螺纹支架及多角壁支架其中之一。多孔隙层设置在内支架结构的表面上。由此增强骨钉的强度且骨钉兼顾提供术后愈合的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种骨钉,特别是涉及一种具有内支架结构的骨钉。
背景技术
在人类的骨骼、肌腱、韧带等人体组织受损到一定程度时,医师有时会判断要对受损部位进行外科手术。外科手术的内容,通常是将受损人体组织移至受损前的位置,并利用缝线与骨钉等骨植入物固定人体组织。人类得通过自体修复的能力修复受损部位。或者,利用缝线与骨植入物将其他人造组织固定于体内,以辅助或取代受损的人体组织。上述受损的人体组织有大部分是有活动需求的人体组织,例如肩膀、膝盖等关节及其附近的组织。骨植入物除了必须具有良好的生物相容性外,适当的机械性能与物化特性更可使材料长期处于应力循环下而有效符合生物体的所需。
骨植入物的材料大致上分为金属和非金属两种。金属材料大多为不锈钢或是钛合金,其具有较佳的力学性质,能够达到骨植入物需承受负重的负荷。但金属骨植入物的刚性远大于骨头,长期下来易产生应力遮蔽效应,造成患者手术部位不适,或产生植入部位周围松动与延迟骨愈合的缺点,进而导致骨整合失败,需进行二次手术解决患处病变,增加手术风险和医疗成本。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提出一种骨钉,其包括外螺纹、内支架结构以及多孔隙层。内支架结构设置在外螺纹的中间部位的内部。内支架结构包括螺纹支架及多角壁支架其中之一。多孔隙层设置在内支架结构的表面上。
本发明另提出一种骨钉,其包括外螺纹以及内支架结构。内支架结构设置在外螺纹的中间部位的内部。内支架结构为具有数个孔洞的多角壁支架。
为了对本发明的上述及其他方面有更佳的了解,下文特举实施例,并配合所附的附图详细说明如下:
附图说明
图1为一实施例的骨钉的立体外观图;
图2为一实施例的骨钉的纵向剖面示意图;
图3为一实施例的骨钉的顶钉部的俯视图;
图4为另一实施例的骨钉的立体外观图;
图5为一实施例的多孔隙层的示意图;
图6为另一实施例的多孔隙层的示意图;
图7为又另一实施例的多孔隙层的示意图;
图8为另一实施例的骨钉的立体外观图;
图9为另一实施例的骨钉的纵向剖面示意图;
图10为另一实施例的骨钉的顶钉部的俯视图;
图11为多角壁支架不具有孔洞的部分的横向剖视图;
图12为多角壁支架具有孔洞的部分的横向剖视图;
图13为又另一实施例的骨钉的立体外观图;
图14为又再另一实施例的骨钉的立体外观图;
图15为多角壁支架具有孔洞的部分的横向剖视图。
符号说明
100,200,300,400,500:骨钉
101:顶钉部
101S:顶骨钉表面
102:底钉部
102S:底骨钉表面
103:中间钉部
104:中间穿孔
110:外螺纹
120:螺纹支架
130:外壁层
240,240A,240B,240C:多孔隙层
304:中间穿孔
320,520:多角壁支架
321:外侧壁表面
322:内侧壁表面
323:中间表面
324,524:孔洞
具体实施方式
以下是以一些实施例做说明。需注意的是,本发明并非显示出所有可能的实施例,未于本发明提出的其他实施态样也可能可以应用。再者,附图上的尺寸比例并非按照实际产品等比例绘制。因此,说明书和图示内容仅作叙述实施例之用,而非作为限缩本发明保护范围之用。另外,实施例中的叙述,例如细部结构、制作工艺步骤和材料应用等等,仅为举例说明之用,并非对本发明欲保护的范围做限缩。实施例的步骤和结构各自细节可在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内根据实际应用制作工艺的需要而加以变化与修饰。以下是以相同/类似的符号表示相同/类似的元件做说明。
一实施例中的骨钉100是参照图1、图2以及图3做说明。图1显示骨钉100的立体外观图。图2显示骨钉100的纵向剖面示意图。图3显示骨钉100的顶钉部101的俯视图。
骨钉100包括外螺纹110以及内支架结构。此实施例中,内支架结构包括螺纹支架120。螺纹支架120在外螺纹110的中间部位的内部。外螺纹110的螺旋方向可相同或不同于螺纹支架120的螺旋方向。螺纹支架120不限于三线螺纹,也可包括一线螺纹、二线螺纹、四线螺纹等其它数量线螺纹的支架结构。螺纹支架120的直径可例如为0.8mm至1.2mm,但本发明不限于此。
骨钉100在部位上举例可包括顶钉部101、底钉部102以及中间钉部103。中间钉部103在顶钉部101与底钉部102之间。顶钉部101、底钉部102与中间钉部103包括外螺纹110。或者,外螺纹110连接顶钉部101、底钉部102以及中间钉部103。顶钉部101与底钉部102各包括外壁层130连接在外螺纹110的顶部与底部。中间钉部103包括螺纹支架120与部分的外螺纹110(例如外螺纹110的中间部位)。骨钉100可包括中间穿孔104贯穿骨钉100的内部。中间穿孔104可在螺纹支架120的内部。中间穿孔104可沿轴方向从顶钉部101的顶骨钉表面101S延伸至底钉部102的底骨钉表面102S。贯通的中间穿孔104可用于手术导引及微创器械的使用。
实施例中,外螺纹110、外壁层130与螺纹支架120的材质可具有非多孔隙结构。非多孔隙结构可指不具连通孔隙的实心结构或材质。内支架结构(螺纹支架120)的材质具有实心结构(即非多孔隙结构),能使骨钉100具有足够的结构强度、刚性,降低植入或使用过程中断裂的机率,并提高骨钉100的使用寿命。比起比较例的不具有内支架结构的骨钉,实施例的具有材质为实心结构(即非多孔隙结构)的螺纹支架120作为内支架结构的骨钉100可具有较大的扭转强度及拔出强度。外螺纹110可用以增加骨钉100植入后的稳定性。
图4绘示根据另一实施例的骨钉200的立体外观图,其与图1所示的骨钉100的差异说明如下。骨钉200包括多孔隙层240。多孔隙层240设置在螺纹支架120的表面上。多孔隙层240也可形成在外螺纹110的根部上,并连接在根部之间。多孔隙层240具有连通的孔隙,比起非多孔隙材质具有更低的刚性,可避免应力遮蔽效应,并可作为具骨整合效果的仿生多孔结构,提供骨细胞生长诱导能力,促进骨长入,达到组织融合(骨整合)及固定的效果,有利于术后愈合、复原。
多孔隙层240的孔隙率可为15%以上,例如30%至60%。多孔隙层240的孔隙尺寸可为50μm至500μm,例如为50μm至200μm,或者300μm至500μm,或者300μm至440μm,或者170μm至440μm,或者170μm至300μm。一实施例中,多孔隙层240可为如图5所示的多孔隙层240A,具有四角形(quadrangle)孔隙,尺寸例如为210μm至390μm。另一实施例中,多孔隙层240可为如图6所示的多孔隙层240B,具有三角形(triangle)孔隙,尺寸例如为310μm至330μm。又另一实施例中,多孔隙层240可为如图7所示的多孔隙层240C,具有变形虫(amoeba)状孔隙,尺寸例如为170μm至440μm。但本发明不限于此。多孔隙层240可具有其它可能类型的多孔隙结构。
另一实施例中的骨钉300是参照图8至图12做说明。图8显示骨钉300的立体外观图。图9显示骨钉300的纵向剖面示意图。图10显示骨钉300的顶钉部101的俯视图。骨钉300与参照图1至图3说明的骨钉100的差异说明如下。此实施例中,内支架结构包括多角壁支架320。多角壁支架320可具有多个孔洞324。
图11绘示多角壁支架320不具有孔洞324的部分的横向剖视图。多角壁支架320为六角壁支架。多角壁支架320的外侧壁表面321为六角壁表面。多角壁支架320的内侧壁表面322为六角壁表面。
图12绘示多角壁支架320具有孔洞324的部分的横向剖视图。
内支架结构(多角壁支架320)的材质可具有非多孔隙结构,能使骨钉300具有足够的结构强度、刚性,以降低植入或使用过程中断裂的机率,并提高骨钉300的使用寿命。比起比较例的不具有内支架结构的骨钉,实施例的材质为实心结构(即非多孔隙结构)的多角壁支架320作为内支架结构的骨钉300可具有较大的扭转强度及拔出强度。
请参照图8至图12。多角壁支架320具有中间表面323。中间表面323在相对的外侧壁表面321与内侧壁表面322之间。中间表面323定义出孔洞324。孔洞324通过多角壁支架320彼此分离。骨钉300可包括中间穿孔304在多角壁支架320的内部。中间穿孔304可沿轴方向从顶钉部101的顶骨钉表面101S延伸至底钉部102的底骨钉表面102S。
多角壁支架320的横向尺寸,例如宽度,可为0.9mm至2.9mm。孔洞324的尺寸可例如为0.5mm至1.5mm,例如为1.2mm。但本发明不限于此。
图13绘示根据又另一实施例的骨钉400的立体外观图,其与图8所示的骨钉300的差异说明如下。骨钉400包括多孔隙层240。多孔隙层240在多角壁支架320的表面上。多孔隙层240可在多角壁支架320的外侧壁表面上。但本发明不限于此。实施例中,多孔隙层240可在多角壁支架320的孔洞324露出的中间表面上。多孔隙层240可在多角壁支架320的内侧壁表面上。
另一实施例中的骨钉500是参照图14与图15做说明。图14绘示根据又再另一实施例的骨钉500的立体外观图,其与图8所示的骨钉300的差异说明如下。骨钉500包括多角壁支架520,其具有孔洞524。图15绘示多角壁支架520具有孔洞524的部分的横向剖视图。此实施例中,多角壁支架520的外侧壁表面321具有孔洞524。孔洞524也可视为在外侧壁表面321的凹洞。孔洞524的尺寸可例如为300μm至500μm。具有孔洞524的多角壁支架520可作为具骨整合效果的仿生结构。
内支架结构(多角壁支架520)的材质具有实心结构(即非多孔隙结构),能使骨钉500具有足够的结构强度、刚性,以降低植入或使用过程中断裂的机率,并提高骨钉500的使用寿命。比起比较例的不具有内支架结构的骨钉,实施例的具有材质为实心结构(即非多孔隙结构)的多角壁支架520作为内支架结构的骨钉500可具有较大的扭转强度及拔出强度。一实施例中,可配置多孔隙层(例如多孔隙层240,未显示在图14中)在骨钉500的多角壁支架520的表面上。
本发明不限于上述实施例。举例来说,多角壁支架不限于六角形状,也可具有四角形状、五角形状、六角形状、七角形状、八角形状、九角形状、十角形状、十一角形状、十二角形状、十三角形状、十四角形状等。
实施例中,骨钉可具有一致的材料,例如金属或非金属例如高分子等。骨钉可为一体成型。但本发明不限于此,骨钉的可使用复合材料形成。骨钉可利用一般方法或积层方法形成。
综上所述,虽然结合以上实施例公开了本发明,然而其并非用以限定本发明。本发明所属技术领域中具有通常知识者,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,可作各种的更动与润饰。因此,本发明的保护范围应当以附上的权利要求所界定的为准。
Claims (8)
1.一种骨钉,其特征在于,包括:
外螺纹;
内支架结构,设置在该外螺纹的中间部位的内部,其中该内支架结构包括螺纹支架及多角壁支架其中之一;以及
多孔隙层,设置在该内支架结构的表面上。
2.如权利要求1所述的骨钉,其中该螺旋支架的螺旋方向相同于该外螺纹的螺旋方向。
3.如权利要求1所述的骨钉,其中该多角壁支架包括外侧壁表面,该外侧壁表面具有数个孔洞。
4.一种骨钉,其特征在于,包括:
外螺纹;以及
内支架结构,设置在该外螺纹的中间部位的内部,其中该内支架结构为具有数个孔洞的多角壁支架。
5.如权利要求4所述的骨钉,其中该多角壁支架包括外侧壁表面,该外侧壁表面具有该些孔洞。
6.如权利要求1或权利要求4所述的骨钉,其中该外螺纹的材质具有非多孔隙结构。
7.如权利要求1或权利要求4所述的骨钉,其中该内支架结构的材质具有非多孔隙结构。
8.如权利要求1或权利要求4所述的骨钉,还包括中间穿孔,贯穿该骨钉的内部。
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WO2012171011A1 (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-13 | Zyga Technology, Inc. | Bone screw |
CN102429716A (zh) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-05-02 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 | 融合型脊柱内固定螺钉 |
CN204581484U (zh) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-26 | 吴志宏 | 一种具有三维贯通多孔结构的3d打印骨螺钉 |
CN107126281A (zh) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-05 | 上海交通大学 | 一种高强度低刚度多孔钛种植体 |
EP3501457A1 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-26 | Materialise N.V. | Flexible porous implant fixation system |
CN108052774B (zh) * | 2018-01-03 | 2021-04-27 | 河北工业大学 | 一种双层结构骨螺钉的制备方法 |
US10575886B2 (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2020-03-03 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Bone screw and method of manufacture |
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US20150250513A1 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-09-10 | Christophe De Lavigne Sainte Suzanne | Intraosseous screw for fixing a bone fragment or a transplant to a bone and method for manufacturing such an intraosseous screw |
CN107106161A (zh) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-08-29 | 阿瑟雷克斯股份有限公司 | 具有多孔区域的外科植入物 |
CN105796170A (zh) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-27 | 赵德伟 | 一种骨折固定用多孔钽金属螺钉及其应用 |
US20180325570A1 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-15 | Cutting Edge Spine Llc | Implants for tissue fixation and fusion |
US20190239935A1 (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-08 | Stryker European Holdings I, Llc | Orthopedic Screw and Porous Structures Thereof |
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