CN114583795A

CN114583795A - Communicable battery, charger, charging system, electric vehicle and intelligent charging method

Info

Publication number: CN114583795A
Application number: CN202210275659.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒继锋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-03-21
Filing date: 2022-03-21
Publication date: 2022-06-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a communicable battery, a charger, a charging system, an electric vehicle and an intelligent charging method, wherein a starting voltage pulse is sent to the communicable battery through a main controller module during discharging so as to realize the handshake communication between the main controller module and the communicable battery, and further drive the communicable battery to continuously discharge to a bus; during charging, the communication-capable charger sends a starting voltage pulse to the communication-capable battery to realize handshaking communication between the communication-capable charger and the communication-capable battery, and further obtains the operating parameters of the communication-capable battery and matches the corresponding charging strategy to enable the communication-capable charger to continuously charge the bus. According to the invention, the plurality of main power supply communicators are respectively arranged in the communicable battery and the communicable charger, so that the communication between the battery and the charger is realized, the charging and discharging of the battery can be effectively managed and controlled, meanwhile, the charging mode of the charger can be reasonably selected, and the safety and the convenience of battery charging are improved.

Description

Communicable battery, charger, charging system, electric vehicle and intelligent charging method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of battery power supply, in particular to a communicable battery, a charger, a charging system, an electric vehicle and an intelligent charging method.

Background

The existing battery power supply system integrates overcharge protection, overdischarge protection and short-circuit protection. Particularly, the power battery pack integrates temperature protection and humidity protection for the safety of the battery pack, and even integrates various special protection circuits for a power switch tube.

Because the power switch tube of the battery pack works under the high-voltage and high-current state for a long time, especially for an electric vehicle, the power switch tube can be damaged due to human factors, such as overload and high-speed driving on an uphill. The power tube is damaged mainly under two conditions, one is open circuit, the battery can not supply power and can not charge the battery pack, and the common condition can not cause serious loss; the other is a path, the battery pack can be charged and discharged, but at the moment, the battery pack does not have the functions of over-charging, over-discharging and short-circuit protection, the situation is very dangerous, the battery pack is over-charged slightly, the service life of the battery pack is shortened, and the battery pack is possibly damaged or even explodes seriously. In this case, the user cannot know that the power switch tube of the battery pack is broken, and the battery pack often carries with the trouble to work.

The existing electric motorcycles and other electric vehicles are provided with a special charger along with the vehicle logo, and the special charger not only increases the use cost of users, but also causes the waste of resources and the pollution to the environment.

The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a communicable battery, a charger, a charging system, an electric vehicle and an intelligent charging method, and aims to solve the technical problems that the monitoring of the charging and discharging of the battery is not perfect at present and the resource waste is caused by the fact that each electric vehicle is provided with the charger independently.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a communicable battery including:

the battery pack is connected with the bus and used for performing charge and discharge through the bus;

the battery management controller is used for acquiring the operation parameters of the battery pack;

the first multi-master power supply communication controller is used for sending the operating parameters to an external charger controller through a bus so that the charger controller generates charging control information according to the operating parameters; the charging control device is also used for acquiring charging control information transmitted by a bus and generating a first battery control instruction according to the control information;

the battery power switch is used for receiving the first battery control instruction and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery pack;

the first bus voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the communication level of a bus and sending the communication level to the first multi-master power supply communication controller, so that the first multi-master power supply communication controller obtains the charging control information of the bus according to the communication level.

Optionally, the battery management controller is further configured to convert the operation parameters into operation control information, and send the operation control information to the first multi-master power supply communication controller; wherein:

the first multi-master power supply communication controller converts the operation control information into a second battery control instruction;

and the battery power switch is also used for receiving the second battery control instruction and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery pack according to the first battery control instruction and the second battery control instruction.

Optionally, the operating parameters include charging parameters and operating parameters.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a communicable charger including:

the power supply input unit is connected with an external power supply and the bus;

the second bus voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the communication level of the bus and sending the communication level to the second multi-master power supply communication controller;

the second multi-master power supply communication controller is used for generating charging control information according to the acquired communication level and sending the charging control information to the charging controller;

the charger controller is used for generating a charger output control instruction according to the acquired charging control information;

and the charger power switch is used for driving the power supply input unit to control the external power supply to execute charging action on the bus according to the charger output control instruction.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a communicable charging system including:

a bus;

a communicable battery as described above, for performing discharging to a load through a bus, and performing charging to a battery pack through the bus;

the communicable charger as described above, for performing charging to the communicable battery through a bus;

and the main controller module is used for acquiring the operation parameters of the battery pack and the charging or discharging state of the communicable battery through the bus and transmitting the operation parameters and the charging or discharging state to the user side.

Optionally, the master controller module is configured to output a start voltage pulse to a bus, so that the battery capable of communicating sends a start power supply pulse to the bus when collecting the start voltage pulse, and the master controller module sends a handshake communication signal to the battery capable of communicating according to the power supply pulse, so that the battery capable of communicating executes discharging to a load through the bus after handshake communication is established with the master controller module.

Optionally, the communicable charger is configured to output a start voltage pulse to a bus, so that the communicable battery sends a start power supply pulse to the bus when collecting the start voltage pulse, and the communicable charger sends a handshake communication signal to the communicable battery according to the start power supply pulse, so that the communicable battery sends an operation parameter of the battery pack to the bus after establishing handshake communication with the communicable charger, and the communicable charger matches a corresponding charging policy after receiving the operation parameter of the battery pack sent on the bus, and performs charging on the communicable battery through the bus.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an electric vehicle including:

the communicable charging system as described above;

the power motor controller is connected with the communication charging system and used for supplying power to the power motor controller by utilizing the communication charging system and controlling the operation of the power motor controller;

and the light controller is connected with the communication charging system and used for supplying power to the light controller by utilizing the communication charging system and controlling the operation of the light controller.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides an intelligent charging method for a communicable charging system as described above, the method including the steps of:

discharging in a communication mode:

the master controller module is used for outputting a starting voltage pulse to a bus so that the communicable battery sends a starting power supply pulse to the bus when collecting the starting voltage pulse;

sending a handshake communication signal to the communicable battery through the main controller module according to the power supply pulse, so that the communicable battery performs discharge to a load through a bus after establishing handshake communication with the main controller module;

charging capable of communication:

the communication-capable charger is used for outputting a starting voltage pulse to a bus so that the communication-capable battery sends a starting power supply pulse to the bus when collecting the starting voltage pulse;

sending a handshake communication signal to a communicable battery through the communicable charger according to the start power supply pulse, so that the communicable battery sends operation parameters of the battery pack to a bus after establishing handshake communication with the communicable charger;

and if the communication-capable charger receives the operation parameters of the battery pack sent by the bus, matching the corresponding charging strategy and charging the communication-capable battery through the bus.

Optionally, the intelligent charging method further includes:

monitoring the charging state:

acquiring the operation parameters of a battery pack on a bus and the charging state or the discharging state of a communicable battery through a main controller module;

sending the operating parameters and the charging state or the discharging state to a user side;

and (3) intelligent charging payment:

the server side obtains the operation parameters and the charging state or the discharging state received by the user side, generates a charging payment order and sends the charging payment order to the user side, so that the user side executes payment according to the charging payment order.

The invention provides a communicable battery, a charger, a charging system, an electric vehicle and an intelligent charging method, wherein a starting voltage pulse is sent to the communicable battery through a main controller module during discharging so as to realize the handshake communication between the main controller module and the communicable battery, and further drive the communicable battery to continuously discharge to a bus; during charging, the communication-capable charger sends a starting voltage pulse to the communication-capable battery to realize handshaking communication between the communication-capable charger and the communication-capable battery, and further obtains the operating parameters of the communication-capable battery and matches the corresponding charging strategy to enable the communication-capable charger to continuously charge the bus. According to the invention, the plurality of main power supply communicators are respectively arranged in the communicable battery and the communicable charger, so that the communication between the battery and the charger is realized, the charging and discharging of the battery can be effectively managed and controlled, meanwhile, the charging mode of the charger can be reasonably selected, and the safety and the convenience of battery charging are improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a communicable charging system in an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a communication battery of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the communication charger of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a master controller module according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of other functional blocks of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-master power supply communication system according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power module according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of the functional module of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the operating state of the power module according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the functional module according to the present invention.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent, and is not within the protection scope of the invention.

To solve this problem, various embodiments of a communicable battery, a charger, a charging system, an electric vehicle, and an intelligent charging method of the present invention are proposed. According to the invention, the plurality of main power supply communicators are respectively arranged in the communicable battery and the communicable charger, so that the communication between the battery and the charger is realized, the charging and discharging of the battery can be effectively managed and controlled, meanwhile, the charging mode of the charger can be reasonably selected, and the safety and the convenience of battery charging are improved.

The present embodiment provides a communicable charging system including: a bus, a communicable battery, a communicable charger, and a main controller module.

Specifically, a communicable battery for performing discharge to a load through a bus and charging a battery pack through the bus; a communicable charger for performing charging to the communicable battery through a bus; and the main controller module is used for acquiring the operation parameters of the battery pack and the charging or discharging state of the communicable battery through the bus and transmitting the operation parameters and the charging or discharging state to the user side.

It should be noted that the communicable battery includes a battery pack, a battery management controller, a first multi-master power supply communication controller, a battery power switch, and a first bus voltage sampling circuit.

Specifically, a battery pack connected to a bus for performing charge and discharge through the bus; the battery management controller is used for acquiring the operation parameters of the battery pack; the first multi-master power supply communication controller is used for sending the operating parameters to an external charger controller through a bus so that the charger controller generates charging control information according to the operating parameters; the charging control device is also used for acquiring charging control information transmitted by a bus and generating a first battery control instruction according to the control information; the battery power switch is used for receiving the first battery control instruction and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery pack; the first bus voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the communication level of a bus and sending the communication level to the first multi-master power supply communication controller, so that the first multi-master power supply communication controller obtains the charging control information of the bus according to the communication level.

In this embodiment, the battery management controller is further configured to convert the operation parameters into operation control information, and send the operation control information to the first multi-master power supply communication controller; the first multi-master power supply communication controller converts the operation control information into a second battery control instruction; the battery power switch is also used for receiving the second battery control instruction and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery pack according to the first battery control instruction and the second battery control instruction.

Further, the operating parameters include charging parameters and operating parameters.

Wherein the charging parameters include:

(1) manufacturer information: manufacturer, date of production, cell supplier, etc.; (2) cell type: lead-acid, lithium ion, nickel chromium, nickel hydrogen, nickel zinc, zinc air, sodium ion; (3) the cell discharge cut-off voltage; (4) a cell charging termination voltage; (5) the number of the battery cells is connected in series; (6) a battery capacity; (7) the maximum discharge current allowed by the battery; (8) the maximum discharge voltage allowed for the battery; (9) the maximum charging current allowed by the battery; (10) the maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery; (11) the storage temperature of the battery; (12) the operating temperature of the battery;

wherein, the working parameters include: (1) the battery cell temperature; (2) battery power switching tube temperature; (3) the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery; (4) the current voltage of the battery; (5) battery average current (per unit time); (6) the current capacity of the battery; (7) and a battery charging number counter.

It should be noted that the communicable charger includes a power supply input unit, a second bus voltage sampling circuit, a second multi-master power supply communication controller, a charging controller, and a charger power switch.

Specifically, the charging and power supply input unit is connected with an external power supply and a bus; the second bus voltage sampling circuit is used for acquiring the communication level of the bus and sending the communication level to the second multi-master power supply communication controller; the second multi-master power supply communication controller is used for generating charging control information according to the acquired communication level and sending the charging control information to the charging controller; the charger controller is used for generating a charger output control instruction according to the acquired charging control information; and the charger power switch is used for driving the power supply input unit to control the external power supply to execute charging action on the bus according to the charger output control instruction.

In addition, when discharging is performed by using the communicable charging system, the main controller module is used for outputting a starting voltage pulse to the bus so that the communicable battery sends a starting power supply pulse to the bus when collecting the starting voltage pulse, and the main controller module sends a handshake communication signal to the communicable battery according to the power supply pulse so that the communicable battery performs discharging to a load through the bus after establishing handshake communication with the main controller module.

When the communication-capable charging system is used for charging, the communication-capable charger is used for outputting a starting voltage pulse to the bus, so that the communication-capable battery sends a starting power supply pulse to the bus when collecting the starting voltage pulse, the communication-capable charger sends a handshake communication signal to the communication-capable battery according to the starting power supply pulse, so that the communication-capable battery sends the operation parameters of the battery pack to the bus after establishing handshake communication with the communication-capable charger, and the communication-capable charger matches the corresponding charging strategy after receiving the operation parameters of the battery pack sent on the bus and carries out charging on the communication-capable battery through the bus.

For easy understanding, the present embodiment provides a specific example of an electric vehicle, which is as follows:

refer to fig. 1. The electric vehicle comprises a communicable charging system, a light controller module and a power motor controller module, wherein the communicable charging system comprises a power supply bus, a communication battery module, a communication charger module and a main controller module, and the communication battery module, the communication charger module and the main controller module are connected to the power supply bus.

Specifically, two electrodes (positive electrode and negative electrode) of the communication battery output are electrically connected to a power supply bus; the communication charger is connected to a power supply bus through a socket, and the main controller module, the light controller and the power motor controller are respectively electrically connected with the power supply bus; the power supply bus is only provided with two wires, wherein one wire is electrically connected with the anode of the communication battery, and the other wire is electrically connected with the cathode of the communication battery; a plurality of main communication controllers are integrated in the modules, and the modules can communicate with each other.

Refer to fig. 2. The communication battery comprises a battery core group, a battery core management main controller, a multi-main power supply communicator, a power switch and a battery voltage sampling circuit. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

1) the battery core group consists of at least one battery core;

2) electric core management master controller, it mainly is as follows function:

and (4) protection function: the battery is responsible for charging and discharging overvoltage and overcurrent protection, temperature protection, short circuit protection and the like of the battery;

battery parameter query function, charging parameters: the battery cell type, the number of battery cells connected in series, the highest charging voltage, the maximum charging current, the charging temperature range, the battery capacity, the manufacturer, the charging curve and the like; working parameters are as follows: output voltage, maximum output current, battery temperature, current battery capacity, etc.; warning information;

a parameter write function;

and (3) communication function: sending data;

setting of battery output voltage waveform: when the system is powered on, the system is communicated with a host or a charger, and always outputs high level after normal operation, and only when the battery has danger, the battery actively sends a signal to a power supply bus until the high level is output after the processing is finished; when the battery is allowed to supply power, the communication can be carried out at any time;

and (3) converting the working mode: when no external load is detected or a power saving command is received, switching from the working mode to the sleep mode;

3) the multi-master power supply communication controller: controlling a charge-discharge switch to generate a communication time sequence and supply power or charge to the outside;

4) the power switch comprises a charging power switch and a drive thereof, and a discharging power switch and a drive thereof, which are controlled by the cell management main controller and the multi-main power supply communication controller together;

5) battery voltage sampling circuit: the multi-master power supply communication controller provides bus level for the multi-master power supply communication controller on one hand, and provides voltage of one battery port for the battery cell management master controller on the other hand.

It should be noted that the charge and discharge power switch is also connected to the battery voltage sampling circuit, which can ensure that the charge and discharge power switch can be turned on by the externally connected charging voltage for charging when the cell voltage is so low that the cell management main controller cannot operate.

Reference is made to fig. 3. The communication charger comprises a bus voltage sampling circuit, a multi-master power supply communication controller, a power supply input circuit, a charger controller, a charger power switch, a connector detection circuit and a wireless communication unit. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

1) the bus voltage sampling circuit provides the current bus level state for the multi-master power supply communication controller.

2) The multi-master power supply communication controller is responsible for communicating with the communication battery or other modules.

3) The power supply input circuit generally rectifies, filters and transforms the commercial power (220V or 380V) and then provides the rectified and filtered power to the adjustable constant current source or the adjustable constant voltage source.

4) And the charger power switch is used for being connected to the power supply input circuit.

4) The connector detection circuit generates a trigger signal to the charger controller when the charging connector is inserted into the communication battery for charging. The charger control then programs the communication battery.

5) The wireless communication unit generally integrates wireless transmission channels such as WIFI. The charger controller unit is interconnected with the mobile phone APP through the charger controller unit, so that stronger man-machine functions such as monitoring, inquiring and fee deduction of the charging process are achieved.

Refer to fig. 4. The main controller module comprises a plurality of main power supply communication controllers, a bus voltage sampling circuit, a main controller unit, a charging power switch, a wireless communication unit, a display unit, an input unit and a starting unit. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the main controller module is a human-machine interface for exchanging information with a user.

The display unit, the output end of the man-machine interface, usually has a display, which displays some basic parameters, states, warning information, etc.

The input unit, the input end of the man-machine interface, usually has some keys, joysticks, etc.

The wireless communication unit is generally integrated with wireless transmission channels such as Bluetooth and WIFI. The main controller unit is interconnected with the mobile phone APP through the main controller unit to achieve stronger man-machine functions.

And the starting unit is powered by an independent starting power supply, and when the communication battery enters a power-down mode (the bus has no voltage), the main controller module is started to operate through the starting circuit.

Refer to fig. 5. The other functional modules, such as the light controller module and the power motor controller module, comprise a multi-main power supply communication controller, a bus voltage sampling circuit, a main controller unit, a charging power switch and a functional unit. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

other functional modules, functional modules other than the main controller module. They differ only in functional units.

Other functional modules comprise a light control functional module, which can subdivide a turn light control module, a brake light control module, a lighting large light control module and the like.

Other functional modules include a motor control functional module, which can be subdivided into a power motor control module, a control motor control module and the like.

It should be noted that the multi-master power supply communication controller in the communicable battery, the communicable charger, the master controller module and other functional modules provided in this embodiment performs communication as the power supply module and as the functional module through the connected bus, and charges the functional modules through the power supply module before and during communication of the functional modules, so as to implement multi-master power supply communication between the functional modules by using two power lines.

When the communicable battery is communicated with the communicable charger, the main controller module and other functional modules respectively, the communicable battery is used as a power supply module, the communicable charger, the main controller module and other functional modules are used as functional modules, and then the multi-master power supply communication controller in each module forms a multi-master power supply communication system.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the multi-master power supply communication system includes a power supply module and at least one functional module, where the power supply module and the at least one functional module are connected to each other through a bus; wherein: the power supply module sends charging data to the functional module through the bus, and the functional module receives the charging data through the bus and executes a charging action; the power supply module executes a first sending action through the bus and sends communication data to at least one functional module; and the functional module executes a second sending action through the bus and sends communication data to the power supply module or the other functional module.

It is to be understood that the present embodiment includes a power module communicating with a plurality of functional modules via power lines. The power supply module provides electric energy for each functional module, each functional module executes respective function, and the functional modules and the power supply module can communicate with each other.

Specifically, the power supply module comprises a power supply main control unit, a charging unit, a power supply unit, a power supplementing unit and a first power switch; wherein: the charging unit is used for transmitting first charging data to the bus; the power supply main control unit is used for respectively controlling the power supply unit and the power supply unit to send charging data to the bus; the first power switch is connected with the power supply unit and the power supplementing unit and used for transmitting second charging data and third charging data to the bus.

Further, the power module further comprises a first sending module and a first receiving module; wherein: the first sending module comprises a first sending unit and a first bit data encoder, the first bit data encoder is used for encoding logic data bits and charging data bits into communication data, and the first sending unit is used for sending the communication data to the first power switch so that the first power switch sends the communication data to a bus; the first receiving module comprises a first receiving unit and a first bit data decoder, wherein the first receiving unit is used for receiving communication data on a bus, and the first bit data decoder is used for decoding the communication data into logic data bits and charging data bits.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power module. In this embodiment, the power supply module includes:

the charging unit and the charging unit are used for charging each functional module of the bus at a constant current, after the power module is powered on, the main control unit works to enable the charging unit, the charging unit charges the energy storage capacitor of each functional module of the bus at the constant current, and then the main control unit disables the charging unit.

The power supply unit is used for supplying power to each functional module on the bus, after the charging unit is completed, the main control unit enables the unit, the main control unit detects bus communication and disables the unit, and the main control unit detects that the bus communication is finished and enables the unit.

The power supply module can not provide the complementary electric pulse for the bus when the power supply module sends data to the bus, and the data signal can supplement power for each functional module because the data signal contains complementary potential.

And the sending unit is used for sending data to the bus, enabling the sending unit to send the data to the bus when the main control unit receives the data needing to be sent from the user input and output unit, stopping sending the current data when the main control unit detects that the bus contention fails, and enabling the power supplementing unit to supplement power to the bus. And after the data transmission is finished, the transmitting unit is restarted to continue transmitting the data to the bus, and after the data transmission is finished, the corresponding flag bit for finishing the transmission is set for the user to use.

And the receiving unit is used for receiving the bus data, the power supply module monitors the bus data all the time, and when the data associated with the power supply module is received, the corresponding receiving flag bit is set for a user to use. Note that the receiving module does not affect the power module to provide constant current charging, power supply, and power compensation for the bus.

An input/output unit for exchanging data with a user, the input/output unit having corresponding flag bits, such as a reception success flag bit, a transmission success flag bit, a reception/transmission buffer flag: empty, half empty, and heavy. And the like. Interrupt pins, data bus pins, control pins, etc. provided to the user after the reception/transmission is completed.

And the power supply unit is used for supplying electric energy to each unit in the power supply module.

The power switch is directly controlled by the power supply unit, the power supplementing unit and the sending unit and provides various types of pulse data for the bus.

The power supply main control unit is used for controlling the power supply module and is internally provided with a clock generator, a control sequential circuit, a bus level pulse width counter, a data encoder, a data decoder, priority identification and the like.

As is readily understood, the charging unit, the power supply unit and the power replenishment unit are used to perform the charging action at different periods.

Specifically, the function module comprises a function main control unit, a second sending module, a second receiving module and a second power switch; wherein: the function main control unit is used for controlling the second sending module to execute sending actions and controlling the second receiving module to execute receiving actions; the second sending module comprises a second sending unit and a second bit data encoder, the second bit data encoder is used for encoding logic data bits and charging data bits into communication data, and the second sending unit is used for sending the communication data to a second power switch so that the second power switch sends the communication data to a bus; the second receiving module comprises a second receiving unit and a second bit data decoder, wherein the second receiving unit is used for receiving communication data on a bus, and the second bit data decoder is used for decoding the communication data into logic data bits and charging data bits.

Furthermore, the functional module also comprises a power supply branch and an energy storage capacitor; wherein: the power supply branch circuit is used for receiving the charging data and charging the energy storage capacitor; the energy storage capacitor is connected with the power supply branch circuit and stores the electric energy corresponding to the charging data received by the power supply branch circuit.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a functional module. In this embodiment, the functional module includes:

and when the power supply branch is used for powering on the functional module, a power supply loop is provided, and the bus voltage charges the energy storage capacitor through the power supply branch. When the bus is accessed for the first time, each functional unit does not work because the module is not powered, and the power supply branch is the only power supply branch capable of obtaining electric energy from the bus. The supply branch must be unidirectional and is therefore usually a diode.

The power switch is controlled by the capacity expansion unit and is turned on in a specific time period, so that the on-resistance of the power supply branch is greatly reduced, and the load power of the functional module is improved. The specific time period includes: the potential compensation time period of the bit data, the power supply pulse and the starting pulse power switch are also controlled by the sending unit to provide various types of pulse data for the bus. The power switch usually uses a MOS transistor, and its internal resistance is much smaller than that of a diode.

And the energy storage capacitor is used for storing electric energy on the bus for the functional module and the load to use.

And the sending unit is used for sending data to the bus, enabling the sending unit to send the data to the bus when the main control unit receives the data needing to be sent from the user input and output unit, and stopping sending the current data and releasing the bus when the main control unit detects that the bus contention fails. And after the bus data is sent, the sending unit is started again to continue sending data to the bus, and after the sending is finished, a sending-finished corresponding zone bit is set for a user to inquire.

And the receiving unit is used for receiving the bus data, the functional module monitors the bus data all the time, and sets a corresponding receiving flag bit for a user to inquire when receiving the data associated with the functional module.

In the communication process, if more logic 1 in the data output by the power module to the functional module can supply power to the functional module, if more logic 0 is output, even all logic 0, the functional module may lose power, thereby causing the whole system to be paralyzed. Therefore, the power supply buses such as the M-BUS and the PowerBUS are usually supplied with power by adopting double power supplies, the high voltage on the buses represents logic 1, the low voltage represents logic 0, and the low voltage is generally set to be about 10V, so that the normal work of the functional module can be ensured.

However, when the functional module communicates with the functional module, the M-BUS and the PowerBUS cannot supply power to the functional module, so that the functional module can only adopt a master-slave mode and only can send a signal to the functional module by the power module, and then the functional module responds to the power module in a current mode in a short time period. A bit data encoding format proposed by the bit data encoding/decoding unit of this embodiment: the logic bit + complementary potential is divided into two types: for the sending module, outputting a low level when the data is 0, and outputting a high level when the data is 1; for a non-transmitting module, releasing a bus and outputting a low level; it should be noted that the sending module may be a power module or a functional module. The compensation potential is divided into two types: for the power module, it always outputs a high level. For the functional module, the power switch tube can be turned on at the moment, so that the power module is favorable for supplying power to the functional module, and the load capacity of the functional module is improved.

The embodiment benefits from the advantage of the code, under various communication conditions, the power module always supplies power to each functional module in time, the functional module to the power module, the data communication and communication data between the functional module and the functional module are not so-called even if all the data are logic 0.

The main characteristic data of the embodiment: the supply potential, the start bit, the three response bits, the logic 0, and the logic 1 can be decomposed into the above format. The main difference between the power supply potential, the start bit and the data bit (including a plurality of logic 0 or logic 1, but the number of continuous logic 1 can not exceed 6) is that the pulse width is different, the start bit is wider than the power supply bit, and the power supply bit is wider than the data bit.

In addition, compared with an M-BUS communication mode when the BUS adopted by the PowerBUS is free, the embodiment adopts real-time communication and has better communication flexibility.

The capacity expansion unit is used for reducing the impedance of the power supply loop, improving the load capacity of the functional module and enabling the power switch to be conducted at a specific time.

An input/output unit for exchanging data with a user, the input/output unit having corresponding flag bits, such as a reception success flag bit, a transmission success flag bit, a reception/transmission buffer flag: empty, half empty, and equal. Interrupt pins, data bus pins, control pins, etc. provided to the user after the reception/transmission is completed.

The clock regeneration unit is used for acquiring clock signals from bus signals, each module has respective clocks due to multi-master communication, and if the clocks have different frequencies and are in phase, the whole system is confused. Generally, a clock of the power supply module is used as a reference, and each functional module can acquire a data waveform unique to the power supply module from a bus and separate a clock signal from the data waveform as a respective clock. The data waveform unique to the power supply module includes a power supply pulse, a frame synchronization signal.

The function master control unit is used for controlling the function module, and a clock generator, a control time sequence circuit, a bus level pulse width counter, a data encoder, a data decoder, priority identification and the like are arranged in the function master control unit.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the principle of multi-master power supply communication of the present embodiment is as follows:

when the power supply is powered on, the power supply module firstly enters a charging mode. The charging unit is enabled to perform constant current charging on each functional module on the bus, the main control unit in the charging unit detects the bus level, and the charging capability is represented when the bus level reaches a set value. Then the charging unit is forbidden to be enabled, the power supply unit is enabled, and the power supply mode is entered.

In the power supply mode, the power supply module continuously sends power supply pulses to the bus and continuously supplies electric energy to each functional module on the bus. So that each functional module can normally supply power. In this mode, the main control unit detects whether the module is to send data and whether the external module is communicating.

When the module is detected to send data, the module enters a sending mode, if the external module is detected to be in communication at the moment, the internal main control unit judges the priority level, if the priority level of the module is low, the module stops sending data, and simultaneously enters a power supplementing mode to provide power supplementing pulses for the bus. And after the data transmission of the frame is finished, the power supply module exits the power supply mode and retransmits the unsent data. And exiting the sending mode and entering the power supply mode after the data is sent. Correspondingly, the local machine has high priority level, continues to transmit data until the transmission is completed, then exits from the transmission mode and enters into the power supply mode.

If in the power mode the power module only detects that the external module is communicating, it will enter a complementary power mode, providing a complementary pulse to the bus. And after the bus communication is finished, the power supply module enters a power supply mode.

In this embodiment, a battery communication technique and a common charging technique with simple structure, reliability and safety are proposed:

although various protection circuits are integrated in the battery pack at present, particularly protection of a power switching tube is achieved, and various protection measures such as overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and temperature protection are also achieved. But these are indirect protective measures. Moreover, the protection circuit is damaged. The technology can communicate various states of the battery pack with the host through the integrated communication function on the battery pack, and the host can appropriately process or report the information to a user after obtaining the information, so that the damage caused by the overrun of the battery pack is avoided.

Because the battery pack can be communicated in real time, the battery pack can be communicated with the host computer at any time in use before being used, and the state of the battery pack is sent to the host computer in time. The host can also access the battery pack at any time.

Because the battery pack adopts a multi-main power supply communication system, namely the communication is data receiving and sending through the power switch tube of the battery pack, the power switch tube of the battery pack is good when the battery pack can send out a communication signal, otherwise, the power switch tube is damaged. If the host is unable to communicate with the battery pack, it indicates that the power switch tube of the battery pack is broken and the host may process or report information to the user as appropriate. This will not cause faulty operation of the battery pack.

The common charging technology adopts a universal charger and a universal interface, before charging, the charger reads the information of the battery pack: battery pack type, maximum charging current, electrical high charging voltage, battery pack capacity, etc. And charging the communication battery pack after the charging is ready.

There are many types of battery communication technologies, one based on wireless technology and the other using conventional interfaces, such as IIC, SPI, can bus, etc. But none of them can directly detect whether the battery power switch tube is damaged. They either add a mechanical interface or are susceptible to interference.

In this embodiment, an intelligent charging method is further provided, where the intelligent charging method is used in the communicable charging system, and the method includes the following steps:

(1) discharging communication:

(3) charging capable of communication:

if the communication charger receives the operation parameters of the battery pack sent on the bus, matching the corresponding charging strategy and executing charging to the communication battery through the bus;

(4) monitoring the charging state:

(5) and (3) intelligent charging payment:

The specific implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment provides an electric motorcycle, which is provided with a communicable battery, a charging socket, a main controller module, a light control module and a power motor control module.

Firstly, a power supply principle:

1) under normal conditions, after the complete machine stops working, the communication battery enters a power-down mode and stops supplying power to the bus, namely the bus voltage is zero volt.

2) Because the bus voltage is zero volt, all functional modules on the bus, such as the main controller module, the light control module, the power motor control module and the like, stop working because of no electricity.

3) The starting power supply in the main controller module is an independent power supply which is a special power supply for the starting circuit. At the moment, only the main controller module can restart the communication battery to supply power to the bus through the starting circuit in the main controller module, and after the circuit is started successfully, the starting circuit enters a power-down mode. The activation circuit typically has a key or switch through which the user activates.

4) The starting circuit provides a pulse voltage to the bus, and the communication battery provides a power supply pulse to the bus after receiving the pulse through the bus. And each functional module stores electricity to the respective energy storage unit through the power supply pulse on the bus, and each functional module starts to work.

5) The main controller module is powered on to work, firstly detects the state of the starting circuit, and if the starting circuit is in the starting state, the main controller module sends an ID identification instruction to the communication battery and enters handshake communication with the communication battery. This procedure is very necessary and has the function of tamper-proof and illegal activation prevention. If the startup circuit is not in the startup state, it will not engage in handshake communication with the communication battery.

6) If the communication battery receives handshake communication sent by the main controller module within a specified time, the communication battery enters a working mode and starts normal power supply communication. If the handshake communication sent by the main controller module is not received within the specified time, the communication battery enters the power-down mode again.

7) After the whole machine works normally, if the communication battery detects that the battery pack has overhigh temperature, overlarge current, overlarge pressure and other serious safety events, warning information can be actively sent to the bus, and the main controller module receives the information and carries out appropriate processing.

8) After the whole machine normally works, the main controller module can also acquire relevant information of the communication battery at any time according to requirements, such as battery electric quantity, voltage, temperature and the like, and display the information on a screen for a user to check.

9) After the whole machine works normally, other functional modules can also actively send information to the bus according to self needs, such as the turning lamp is not on, the motor temperature is too high, and the like. The main controller module receives the data and processes the data appropriately.

10) When the whole machine needs to be stopped, the main controller module receives a user instruction (which can be a key on the input unit or an instruction sent by the mobile phone APP), and after executing a stop program, the main controller module sends a power-off command to the communication battery. And after receiving the power-off command, the communication battery enters a power-off mode.

11) It is to be emphasized that:

in some cases, the system may expect the power supply on the bus to be a constant voltage (non-pulsed voltage), and the master controller may send a power supply mode command to the communication battery to cause the communication battery to supply the bus with the constant voltage, and the bus loses part of its communication function after the communication battery supplies the bus with the constant voltage. At this time, only the communication battery can send data to the bus, and the bus automatically restores all communication functions once it sends data.

The communication battery may also be configured to automatically power down and enter a power down mode upon detecting that the output current is less than a value set by a command input to the main controller module.

II, a charging principle:

1) when the charger jack is inserted into the charging socket of the communication battery, the connector detection circuit in the communication charger inputs a trigger signal to the charger controller, and the communication charger starts to work.

2) The communication charger first detects the bus voltage, if the bus voltage is zero volts, it outputs a standard voltage pulse (12V) to the bus to start the communication battery, the communication battery sends a power supply pulse to the bus, and the communication charger enters handshake communication with the communication battery.

3) If the handshake fails, the communication battery enters a power-down mode, and the communication charger sends error information to a display unit for a user to check. Then the communication charger enters a standby state

4) If the handshake is successful, the communication charger acquires charging information from the communication battery: the battery cell type, the number of battery cells connected in series, the total and current capacity of the battery, the charging current, the charging voltage and the like.

5) And the communication charger adjusts an appropriate charging strategy according to the obtained communication battery information. If the communication battery is full of electric quantity, the charging is not needed, if the communication battery is high in electric quantity, the constant voltage charging is executed, and if the communication battery is too low in electric quantity, the constant current charging is firstly carried out, and then the constant voltage charging is carried out.

6) When the communication charger is used for constant current charging, the charger controller adjusts the output current value of the appropriate adjustable constant current source according to the acquired information such as the current of the communication battery, and the communication battery is subjected to constant current charging through the bus.

7) When the communication charger is charged at a constant voltage, the charger controller adjusts an output voltage value of the adjustable constant voltage source appropriately according to the acquired information such as the voltage of the communication battery, and charges the communication battery at a constant voltage through the bus.

8) During charging, the communication battery can actively send the current state (cell temperature, voltage and the like) information to the communication charger, and the communication charger can also send a command to the communication battery at any time to acquire the state of the communication battery. The communication charger may adjust the charging strategy based on the actual state of the communication battery.

9) During charging, the communication battery can also communicate with the APP of the mobile phone of the user through the internal wireless communication unit, so that the user can conveniently master the charging condition at any time.

10) And after the charging is finished, the communication battery sends a charging finishing command to the communication charger, and the communication charger is powered off after confirmation. The communication battery also enters a power down mode.

11) The communication charger can send battery charging end information, deduct money and the like to the user according to the user information obtained by scanning the two-dimensional code and the like.

12) When the charger socket is inserted into a charging socket of the communication battery, the communication charger can directly enter handshake communication when detecting that the bus has voltage (the whole machine is in a working state). And if the handshake fails, the communication charger sends error information to the display unit for the user to check. The communication charger then enters a standby state. And if the handshake is successful, returning to the step of acquiring the charging information, and executing in sequence.

13) It is to be emphasized that:

handshake communication before charging of the communication charger mainly prevents non-professional chargers from being charged illegally so as to avoid serious consequences.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow transformations that may be applied to the present specification and drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A communicable battery, comprising:

2. The communicable battery of claim 1, wherein the battery management controller is further configured to convert the operational parameters into operational control information and send the operational control information to the first multi-master communication controller; wherein:

3. The communicable battery of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the operational parameters include charging parameters and operating parameters.

4. A communicable charger, comprising:

5. A communicable charging system, comprising:

a bus;

the communicable battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, for performing discharge to a load through a bus, and charging of a battery pack through the bus;

the communicable charger of claim 4, for performing charging to the communicable battery through a bus;

6. The communicable charging system of claim 5, wherein the master controller module is configured to output a start-up voltage pulse to a bus to cause the communicable battery to transmit a start-up power pulse to the bus when the start-up voltage pulse is collected, the master controller module transmitting a handshake communication signal to the communicable battery according to the power pulse to cause the communicable battery to perform discharging to a load through the bus after establishing handshake communication with the master controller module.

7. A communicable charging system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the communicable charger is configured to output a start voltage pulse to the bus to cause the communicable battery to transmit a start power pulse to the bus when the start voltage pulse is collected, the communicable charger transmits a handshake communication signal to the communicable battery according to the start power pulse to cause the communicable battery to transmit an operation parameter of the battery pack to the bus after establishing handshake communication with the communicable charger, and the communicable charger matches a corresponding charging policy and performs charging to the communicable battery through the bus after receiving the operation parameter of the battery pack transmitted on the bus.

8. An electric vehicle, characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises:

the communicable charging system of claim 5;

9. An intelligent charging method for a communicable charging system as claimed in claim 5, the method comprising the steps of:

discharging in a communication mode:

charging capable of communication:

10. The intelligent charging method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises:

monitoring the charging state:

and (3) intelligent charging payment:

the server side obtains the operation parameters and the charging state or the discharging state received by the user side, generates a charging payment order and sends the charging payment order to the user side, and therefore the user side can execute payment according to the charging payment order.