CN114578535B - Optical path conversion device and optical system - Google Patents
Optical path conversion device and optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114578535B CN114578535B CN202011376245.6A CN202011376245A CN114578535B CN 114578535 B CN114578535 B CN 114578535B CN 202011376245 A CN202011376245 A CN 202011376245A CN 114578535 B CN114578535 B CN 114578535B
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
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- G02B21/0088—Inverse microscopes
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/02—Objectives
- G02B21/04—Objectives involving mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/18—Arrangements with more than one light path, e.g. for comparing two specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The present application relates to an optical path conversion device and an optical system, the optical path conversion device including: the objective lens assembly comprises a first objective lens and a second objective lens which respectively form a first emergent ray and a second emergent ray; the conversion assembly comprises a first conversion mechanism and a second conversion mechanism, the first conversion mechanism receives the first emergent light to form first reflected light, the second conversion mechanism comprises a driving unit and a reflecting unit, and the driving unit is connected with the reflecting unit and drives the reflecting unit to move to the light path of the first reflected light so as to form second reflected light and enable the light path of the second reflected light to coincide with the light path of the second emergent light. The problem of poor precision caused by traditional structure conversion is solved through light path conversion, and the structural design of the light path conversion is higher than the reliability of the conventional turntable structure; the high-precision multiple conversion is facilitated; the method is beneficial to controlling the consistency of the light paths, solving the dissimilarity of the non-parallelism among the objective lenses and controlling the field of view coincidence degree of the objective lenses.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to optical microscopy, and more particularly, to an optical path conversion device and an optical system.
Background
An optical microscope (Optical Microscope, OM) is an optical instrument that uses optical principles to magnify and image tiny objects that cannot be resolved by the human eye, so that people can extract microstructure information. Taking a biological microscope as an example, for analyzing the nuclear type of a chromosome, the whole scanning is required to be carried out on a glass slide by using a low-power objective lens for observing the nuclear type in the middle division period of the chromosome, and then the detail observation is carried out on the selected nuclear type by using a high-power objective lens, wherein the field of view of the low-power objective lens is larger than that of the high-power objective lens, and the selected qualified cell in the middle division period is in a dispersed state, so that the low-power objective lens is switched to the high-power objective lens, the positioning precision of the central field of view is very critical, the phenomenon of lack of chromosome shooting is easily caused due to poor positioning quality, and the result judgment is influenced.
The position of the target to be observed is determined by using a low-power objective lens firstly for observing any specimen, and the product obtained by multiplying the magnification of the used ocular lens by the magnification of the objective lens is the magnification of the original object; if the object image is not in the center of the visual field, the object image is slowly moved to the center of the visual field, and then the object image is properly adjusted. Then the conversion is changed to a high-power objective lens, under normal conditions, after the high-power objective lens is turned right, a blurred object image can be seen at the center of a visual field, and then focusing is finely adjusted, so that a clear object image can be obtained. When the high power objective lens is replaced for observation, the visual field becomes smaller and darker, and the brightness of the visual field is readjusted, and the visual field can be increased by lifting the condenser or utilizing the concave reflector.
The traditional commercial microscope adopts the objective lens conversion of carousel formula structure more, and conversion mode divides manual conversion and electronic conversion, arranges objective lens quantity to divide 3 holes, 4 holes and 6 holes carousel, has fixed steel ball in the carousel, and every hole site corresponds the design shrinkage pool, through the location of steel ball and shrinkage pool, confirms the conversion location of objective lens. But it has the following problems: the conversion precision of the objective lens is poor, and the bidirectional repeated positioning error of a single hole is less than or equal to 0.025mm according to a high-power popular microscope in the national standard of JBT 7398.7-1994; in practice often approaching 0.025mm. The turntable-type structure objective lens is switched, and is positioned through the fixed steel balls and the concave holes, so that the turntable-type structure objective lens is easy to wear after long-term back and forth switching, and the positioning accuracy is reduced; further, since the optical axis of the objective lens is not parallel to the mechanical axis, there is a difference in the degree of non-parallelism of each objective lens, and thus there is a difference in the positioning accuracy of the central field of view between the objective lenses after the objective lenses are mounted on the turntable.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide an optical path conversion device and an optical system.
An optical path conversion device, comprising: the objective lens assembly comprises a first objective lens and a second objective lens, wherein the first objective lens and the second objective lens are used for respectively receiving incident light rays so as to respectively form first emergent light rays and second emergent light rays; the conversion assembly comprises a first conversion mechanism and a second conversion mechanism, wherein the first conversion mechanism is used for receiving the first emergent light to form first reflected light, the second conversion mechanism comprises a driving unit and a reflecting unit, and the driving unit is connected with the reflecting unit and is used for driving the reflecting unit to move to an optical path of the first reflected light so as to form second reflected light and enable the optical path of the second reflected light to coincide with the optical path of the second emergent light.
According to the optical path conversion device, the problem of poor precision caused by traditional structure conversion is solved through optical path conversion, on one hand, the structural design of the optical path conversion is higher than that of the conventional turntable structure, and the expected service life of a product is met on the premise of ensuring the performance; on the other hand, the high-precision multiple conversion is facilitated, and the precision can be controlled to be +/-0.005 mm; on the other hand, the consistency of the optical paths is controlled, the dissimilarity of the non-parallelism among the objective lenses is solved, and the field of view coincidence degree of the objective lenses is controlled; on the other hand, the light beam integration of the objective lens is realized without a prism combination, so that the problem of optical path difference of the objective lens is avoided.
An optical system comprising an illumination device, an imaging device, and any one of the optical path conversion devices; the illumination device is used for emitting the incident light rays to the first objective lens and the second objective lens; the image pickup device is arranged on the light path of the second emergent light.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an optical path conversion device of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a change in position of the second switching mechanism according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the optical path conversion device of the present application. FIG. 4 is another schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is another schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 3. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an optical system of the present application. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the lighting device of the embodiment shown in fig. 6. FIG. 8 is another schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is another schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 6. FIG. 10 is another schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 6. FIG. 11 is another schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 6. FIG. 12 is another schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 6. Fig. 13 is a schematic application diagram of the embodiment shown in fig. 6. Fig. 14 is another schematic view of the embodiment of fig. 13. Fig. 15 is another schematic view of the embodiment of fig. 13. Fig. 16A and 16B are schematic diagrams of objective lens transformation according to an embodiment of the optical system of the present application.
Fig. 17A and 17B are schematic diagrams of objective lens transformation according to another embodiment of the optical system of the present application.
Reference numerals: the camera shooting structure 100, the conversion assembly 200, the objective lens assembly 300, the lighting device 400, the frame structure 600, the supporting platform 700 and the carrying device 800; the first conversion mechanism 210, the second conversion mechanism 220, the reflective space 230, the objective holder 310, the objective group 320, the light source assembly 410, the light source guide rail 420, the light source driver 430, the base 440; a data connection port 101, a camera 102, a camera screw connection 103, a reduction mirror 104, a connector 105, a mounting portion 106, a lens structure 107; mounting base 211, first adjusting screw 212, second adjusting screw 213, reflecting piece 214; the machine table 221, the fixing frame 222, the frame 223, the driving motor 224, the reflecting unit 225, the screw rod 226, the third conversion mechanism 227 and the driving unit 228; a first objective lens 321, a second objective lens 322, and a third objective lens 323; mounting clamping seat 411, mounting clamping groove 412, light collecting lens group 413, light collecting lens group 414, light emitting lamp holder 415, light source driving rod 431 and light source seat 432; incident light 500, first exiting light 511, first reflected light 512, second reflected light 513, second exiting light 520, third exiting light 531, third reflected light 532, fourth reflected light 533.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is, however, susceptible of embodiment in many other forms than those described herein and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and therefore the application is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be that the first feature is directly in contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are indirectly in contact through intervening media. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
In order to solve the problem of optical path difference, the problem of light source heat dissipation and structural design caused by illumination brightness attenuation, the problem of space size occupied by an illumination device, and the problem of uncontrollable field of view contact of an objective lens caused by the fact that a sample injection structure platform cannot be accurately moved in parallel, in one embodiment of the application, an optical path conversion device comprises: the device comprises an objective lens assembly and a conversion assembly, wherein the objective lens assembly comprises a first objective lens and a second objective lens, and the first objective lens and the second objective lens are used for respectively receiving incident light rays so as to respectively form a first emergent light ray and a second emergent light ray; in each embodiment, the incident light is received separately at different times, not simultaneously. The conversion assembly comprises a first conversion mechanism and a second conversion mechanism, wherein the first conversion mechanism is used for receiving first emergent light rays to form first reflected light rays, the second conversion mechanism comprises a driving unit and a reflecting unit, and the driving unit is connected with the reflecting unit and is used for driving the reflecting unit to move to the light path of the first reflected light rays so as to form second reflected light rays and enable the light path of the second reflected light rays to coincide with the light path of the second emergent light rays. According to the optical path conversion device, the problem of poor precision caused by traditional structure conversion is solved through optical path conversion, on one hand, the structural design of the optical path conversion is higher than that of the conventional turntable structure, and the expected service life of a product is met on the premise of ensuring the performance; on the other hand, the high-precision multiple conversion is facilitated, and the precision can be controlled to be +/-0.005 mm; on the other hand, the consistency of the light path, namely the observation direction is favorably controlled, the dissimilarity of the non-parallelism among the objective lenses is solved, and the field of view coincidence degree of the objective lenses is favorably controlled; on the other hand, the light beam integration of the objective lens is realized without a prism combination, so that the problem of optical path difference of the objective lens is avoided.
In one of the embodiments, an optical path conversion device includes a part of or the whole of the structure of the following embodiments; that is, the optical path conversion device includes some or all of the following technical features. In one embodiment, the optical path conversion device comprises a conversion component and an objective lens component; the conversion component is used for controlling the light path, and further, the light path control comprises keeping the light path unchanged and adjusting the light path; the objective lens assembly is used to provide an objective lens to form the outgoing light, and is generally used to provide objective lenses of different multiples. Further, in one embodiment, the objective lens assembly is used for maintaining the position in the objective lens conversion, that is, the position is unchanged, when the objective lens is converted, the objective lens is fixed, the optical path between the objective lens and the cylindrical lens is nearly ideal parallel light, and therefore the focal length of the objective lens is strictly controlled; since the change is a mirror and the beam combination is not achieved by the prism combination, the optical path difference problem is avoided.
In order to facilitate the conversion of the objective lens, in one embodiment, the objective lens assembly includes a first objective lens and a second objective lens, which are used for respectively receiving the incident light rays to respectively form a first emergent light ray and a second emergent light ray; further, in one embodiment, each objective lens in the objective lens assembly includes a first objective lens and a second objective lens, and optical axes of the first objective lens and the second objective lens are parallel to each other; i.e. the first outgoing light and the second outgoing light are parallel. Further, in one embodiment, the objective lens assembly further includes a third objective lens for receiving the incident light to form a third outgoing light. Further, in one of the embodiments, the direction of the second outgoing light coincides with the observation direction. The design is favorable for realizing high-precision multiple conversion, the precision can be controlled to be +/-0.005 mm, the consistency of optical paths is favorable for controlling, and the dissimilarity of the non-parallelism among the objective lenses is solved, so that the field of view coincidence degree of the objective lenses is favorable for controlling.
In order to keep the position of the objective unchanged during the objective transformation, in one embodiment, the transformation assembly includes a first transformation mechanism and a second transformation mechanism, the first transformation mechanism is used for receiving the first outgoing light to form a first reflected light, the second transformation mechanism includes a driving unit and a reflecting unit, and the driving unit is connected with the reflecting unit and is used for driving the reflecting unit to move to the optical path of the first reflected light so as to form a second reflected light and enable the optical path of the second reflected light to coincide with the optical path of the second outgoing light. Further, in one embodiment, the conversion component is provided with a reflective space between the first conversion mechanism and the second conversion mechanism, and the optical path of the first reflected light is in the reflective space. In each embodiment, the first conversion mechanism and the second conversion mechanism are both provided with total reflection mirrors, that is, the reflection piece of the first conversion mechanism and the reflection unit of the second conversion mechanism are both provided with total reflection mirrors; in one embodiment, the first conversion mechanism and the second conversion mechanism are both provided with a total reflection prism; in one embodiment, the first conversion mechanism and the second conversion mechanism are both provided with right-angle prisms; by adopting the design, on one hand, the total reflection prism is beneficial to standardizing the reflection direction and reducing the adjustment of the light path alignment; adjustment of the optical path alignment is sometimes necessary with multiple uses of the product, thus requiring consideration of effective and efficient adjustment; on the other hand, the objective lens is kept still during the light path conversion, and the problem of poor structure conversion precision is solved through the light path conversion; on the other hand, the structural design of the light path conversion is higher than that of the conventional turntable type objective lens assembly, and the expected service life of the product is met on the premise of ensuring the performance.
In one embodiment, the number of driving motors is one, and in one embodiment, the movement direction of the reflecting unit is perpendicular to the first reflected light and the second outgoing light. Further, in one embodiment, the movement direction of the reflecting unit is perpendicular to the first reflected light and the second outgoing light, so that the reflecting unit has a linear reflection range, and at any position in the linear reflection range, the optical path of the second reflected light is coincident with the optical path of the second outgoing light. The reflection unit is arranged on the first reflecting light path, the second reflecting light path is arranged on the second reflecting light path, the first reflecting light path is arranged on the second reflecting light path, the second reflecting light path is arranged on the first reflecting light path, the second reflecting light path is arranged on the second reflecting light path, and the second reflecting light path is arranged on the second reflecting light path.
In order to achieve the effect of objective lens conversion and use under the condition that the objective lens is not moved, in one embodiment, the second conversion mechanism further comprises a fixing frame, the driving unit comprises a driving motor and a screw rod, the driving motor is arranged on the fixing frame, the reflecting unit is arranged on the screw rod, the driving motor drives the screw rod to move so as to drive the reflecting unit to move along the screw rod, and the extending direction of the screw rod is perpendicular to the first reflected light ray and the second emergent light ray. That is, the driving motor is used for adjusting the relative position of the reflecting unit and the optical path of the first reflected light according to the objective lens selection requirement so as to control the reflecting optical path of the reflecting unit, and in one embodiment, the driving motor is used for adjusting the relative position of the reflecting unit and the first reflected light along one direction according to the objective lens selection requirement. In one embodiment, the drive motor is a stepper motor or a linear motor. The design is favorable for accurately controlling the position of the reflecting unit, the structural design of light path conversion is higher than the reliability of the conventional turntable structure, and the expected service life of the product is met on the premise of ensuring the performance.
In order to facilitate controlling the reflection angle, so that the light path accurately enters the observation direction after being reflected, in one embodiment, the first conversion mechanism comprises a mounting seat, a reflection piece and an adjusting piece, the adjusting piece is respectively connected with the mounting seat and the reflection piece, and the adjusting piece is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the reflection piece relative to the first emergent light. In order to adjust the reflection angle of the reflecting member to accurately control the reflection light path, further, in one embodiment, the adjusting member includes two adjusting screws, and the two adjusting screws are disposed at intervals and are respectively mounted on the mounting base for adjusting the reflection angle of the reflecting member. Alternatively, the adjustment member includes three adjustment screws that are not collinear. The design is beneficial to fine adjustment of the light path on one hand, so that the light path accurately enters the observation direction after being reflected; on the other hand, by adjusting the angle of the reflecting mirror, the low-power objective lens is matched with the high-power objective lens, so that the dissimilarity of non-parallelism among the objective lenses can be solved.
In one embodiment, the objective lens assembly further includes at least one third objective lens, the third objective lens is configured to receive the incident light to form a third outgoing light, the first conversion mechanism is further configured to move onto an optical path of the third outgoing light to form a third reflected light, and the driving unit is further configured to drive the reflection unit to move onto an optical path of the third reflected light to form a fourth reflected light, and make an optical path of the fourth reflected light coincide with an optical path of the second outgoing light. The number of the third object mirrors can be one, two or more, namely a plurality of third object mirrors can be provided, but only one first conversion mechanism is provided, the first conversion mechanism can move, so that third emergent light rays from the third object mirrors are reflected by the first conversion mechanism to form third reflected light rays with controlled directions, then fourth reflected light rays which are overlapped with the light paths of the second emergent light rays are correspondingly reflected by the reflecting units of the second conversion mechanism, and therefore imaging effects of different objective lenses can be obtained at the same observation position, and the objective lens conversion purpose is achieved on the premise that the objective lenses are not moved.
In one embodiment, the objective lens assembly further includes a third objective lens, the third objective lens is configured to receive the incident light to form a third outgoing light, the conversion assembly further includes a third conversion mechanism, the third conversion mechanism is configured to receive the third outgoing light to form a third reflected light, and the driving unit is further configured to drive the reflection unit to move onto an optical path of the third reflected light to form a fourth reflected light, and make an optical path of the fourth reflected light coincide with an optical path of the second outgoing light. When the second objective lens is used for imaging, the second objective lens is not moved, the incident light irradiates the sample to be detected and then passes through the second objective lens to form second emergent light, then when the first objective lens is used for imaging in a conversion mode, the first objective lens is not moved, the incident light and the sample to be detected are moved, the incident light irradiates the sample to be detected and then passes through the first objective lens to form first emergent light, the first conversion mechanism receives the first emergent light to form first reflected light, and the driving unit drives the reflecting unit to move to the optical path of the first reflected light so as to form second reflected light and enable the optical path of the second reflected light to coincide with the optical path of the second emergent light. In this case, the first switching mechanism may be stationary when imaging with the third objective lens; if necessary, in order to avoid blocking the light path of the third reflected light, the first conversion mechanism may also be movable, and in one embodiment, the light path conversion device further includes a conversion driving assembly connected to the first conversion mechanism and configured to drive the first conversion mechanism to move so that the first conversion mechanism is away from the light path of the third reflected light. Further, in one embodiment, the conversion driving assembly includes a motor and a connecting rod, and the motor is connected with the first conversion mechanism through the connecting rod; or, the conversion driving assembly comprises a frame device and a stepping motor fixed on the frame device, wherein the stepping motor is connected with the first conversion mechanism through a connecting rod and is used for driving the first conversion mechanism to be far away from the light path of the third reflection light or close to the light path of the third reflection light every time according to a preset distance. For the embodiment in which the first conversion mechanism is stationary, in order to make use of the reduction adjustment of the optical path as much as possible, further, in one embodiment, the number of the objective lenses is one more than that of the first conversion mechanism, wherein the optical axis of one objective lens is used to coincide with the observation direction, and the positions of the other objective lenses are in one-to-one correspondence with the first conversion mechanism. In such a design, the objective lens with the optical axis coincident with the observation direction does not need to adopt a first conversion mechanism when in use; the other objective lenses are respectively corresponding to a first conversion mechanism, and the first reflected light is directly regulated by the corresponding first conversion mechanism when in use, so that the direction of the second reflected light is overlapped with the optical axis of the target objective lens.
In order to be applicable to the objective lens assembly of more objective lenses, in one embodiment, the number of the third objective lenses is at least two, the number of the third conversion mechanisms is at least two, and each third objective lens is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each third conversion mechanism. For embodiments in which the third objective lens is present and the first conversion mechanism is not movable, the position of the reflecting unit is controlled in order to correspond to a plurality of objective lenses in order to achieve two directions. In one embodiment, the number of the driving motors is two, and the two driving motors are used for adjusting the relative positions of the reflecting unit and the light path along two directions according to the selection requirement of the objective lens. Further, the driving directions of the two driving motors are perpendicular to each other. In one embodiment, the number of the first conversion mechanisms is at least two, and the reflectors in each first conversion mechanism are spaced from each other so as not to shade each other; in the objective lens group, the number of the objective lenses is one more than that of the first conversion mechanisms, the optical axis of one objective lens is used for coinciding with the observation direction, and the positions of the other objective lenses are in one-to-one correspondence with the reflecting pieces of the first conversion mechanisms. Such a design is advantageous for achieving accurate switching of multiple objectives.
In one embodiment, an optical path conversion device is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and includes a conversion component 200 and an objective lens component 300; referring to fig. 2, the objective lens assembly 300 includes an objective lens holder 310 and an objective lens set 320 mounted on the objective lens holder 310, wherein the objective lens set 320 includes a first objective lens 321 and a second objective lens 322, and the first objective lens 321 and the second objective lens 322 are used for respectively receiving an incident light ray 500 to respectively form a first emergent light ray 511 and a second emergent light ray 520; the direction of the first outgoing light 511 and the direction of the second outgoing light 520 are respectively consistent with the direction of the incoming light 500. The conversion assembly 200 includes a first conversion mechanism 210 and a second conversion mechanism 220, and a reflective space 230 is disposed between the first conversion mechanism 210 and the second conversion mechanism 220; the second conversion mechanism 220 is configured to form a second reflected light 513, and make the optical path of the second reflected light 513 coincide with the optical path of the second outgoing light 520, where the second conversion mechanism 220 adjusts the position according to the selection requirement of the objective lens, so as to control whether the optical path needs to be changed; the first conversion mechanism 210 is configured to receive the first outgoing light 511 to form a first reflected light 512, and if necessary, the reflection angle can be adjusted to control the fine direction of the first reflected light 512 to accurately correspond to the first outgoing light 511 and the second conversion mechanism 220; the second conversion mechanism 220 includes a driving unit 228 and a reflecting unit 225, where the driving unit 228 is connected to the reflecting unit 225 and is used to drive the reflecting unit 225 to move onto the optical path of the first reflected light 512, so as to form a second reflected light 513 and make the optical path of the second reflected light 513 coincide with the optical path of the second outgoing light 520. In this embodiment, the objective lens set 320 includes two objective lenses, and the optical axes of the objective lenses can be parallel. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the second conversion mechanism 220 cooperates with the first conversion mechanism 210 to change the direction of the first outgoing light 511. As shown in fig. 2, the position of the second conversion mechanism 220 is adjusted to keep the direction of the second outgoing light ray 520 unchanged, so that the optical path of the second reflected light ray 513 shown in fig. 1 coincides with the optical path of the second outgoing light ray 520 shown in fig. 2, so as to facilitate observation or detection. In this embodiment, the first conversion mechanism 210 and the second conversion mechanism 220 are both provided with rectangular prisms.
Further, in one embodiment, the light path conversion device further includes a camera structure and a frame structure, the camera structure is fixed on the frame structure, the conversion component is located between the camera structure and the objective component, and the camera structure is located on the light path of the second emergent light, and is used for obtaining an enlarged image of the sample to be detected; in one of the embodiments, the camera structure is provided with an adapter mirror. Further, in one of the embodiments, the first conversion mechanism is fixed to the frame structure. It will be appreciated that the camera structure may be replaced with an eyepiece structure for ease of viewing. Further, in one embodiment, the optical path conversion device further includes a control device connected to the image capturing structure, where the control device is configured to monitor a state of the observation field of view through the image capturing structure and control the image capturing structure to automatically capture images. Further, in one embodiment, the image capturing structure includes a camera and a data connection port thereof, a reduction lens, a connecting member, a mounting portion, and a lens structure, the camera is connected to the reduction lens through a camera threaded connection portion thereof, the reduction lens is connected to the lens structure through the connecting member, the lens structure includes a lens and a mounting seat thereof, the mounting portion is sleeved outside the connecting member, and the image capturing structure is fixed to the outside, for example, to the frame structure through the mounting portion.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the optical path conversion device of the present embodiment further includes an image capturing structure 100 and a frame structure 600, the image capturing structure 100 is fixed on the frame structure 600, the conversion assembly 200 is located between the image capturing structure 100 and the objective lens assembly 300, and the image capturing structure 100 is located on the optical path of the second outgoing light.
Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5, the first conversion mechanism 210 is provided with a mounting seat 211, a first adjusting screw 212, a second adjusting screw 213 and a reflecting member 214; the reflecting piece 214 is disposed on the mounting base 211 through the first adjusting screw 212 and the second adjusting screw 213, and the reflecting piece 214 adjusts the reflecting angle through the first adjusting screw 212 and the second adjusting screw 213 respectively. The second conversion mechanism 220 is provided with a machine 221, a fixing frame 222, a driving motor 224, a reflecting unit 225 and a screw rod 226; the driving motor 224 is disposed on the fixing frame 222, the fixing frame 222 is disposed on the machine 221, and the driving motor 224 is in driving connection with the reflecting unit 225 through the screw rod 226, and the driving motor 224 is used for adjusting the relative position of the reflecting unit 225 and the optical path according to the objective lens selection requirement, so as to control the optical path of the second emergent light. In one embodiment, the driving motor 224 is used to adjust the relative position of the reflecting unit 225 and the optical path along one direction according to the objective lens selection requirement. The objective lens group 320 is provided with a first objective lens 321 and a second objective lens 322 mounted on the objective lens holder 310, and optical axes of the first objective lens 321 and the second objective lens 322 are arranged in parallel.
In one embodiment, an optical system includes any of the embodiments of the optical path switching device. In one embodiment, an optical system includes an illumination device, an image pickup device, and any one of optical path conversion devices; the lighting device is used for emitting incident light rays to the first objective lens and the second objective lens; the image pick-up device is arranged on the light path of the second emergent light. In one embodiment, the lighting device comprises a light source and a moving assembly, wherein the moving assembly drives the light source to move, and the light source is used for forming incident light rays. In one embodiment, the light-condensing outgoing direction of the illumination device is parallel to the optical axis of each objective lens, and the illumination device is arranged in a translatable manner towards the objective lens group so that the light-condensing outgoing direction of the illumination device coincides with the optical axis of the objective lens. It will be appreciated that the optical axis of the objective lens is generally a straight line, and the light-condensing outgoing direction of the lighting device is generally a light beam range, and in the embodiments of the present application, only the straight line of the optical axis is required to be located in the light beam range, so that the straight line of the optical axis can be coincident. Further, in one embodiment, the light source is a light source assembly, and the moving assembly includes a light source rail, a light source driver, and a base; the lighting device comprises a light source assembly, a light source guide rail, a light source driver and a base, wherein the light source driver and the light source guide rail are arranged on the base, the light source assembly is arranged on the light source guide rail, the light source driver is in driving connection with the light source assembly, and the light source driver is used for driving the light source assembly to slide on the light source guide rail so that the light condensation emergent direction of the light source assembly coincides with the optical axis of the selected objective lens.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the optical path conversion device of the present embodiment further includes an image capturing structure 100 and an illumination device 400, and has the image capturing structure and the illumination device, so the optical path conversion device of the present embodiment may also be referred to as an optical system, that is, an optical system having the optical path conversion device, that is, an optical system, as shown in fig. 6, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the optical system of the present embodiment does not include a frame structure 600, but includes more illumination devices 400, the second conversion mechanism 220 further includes a frame 223, the reflection unit 225 is disposed on the frame 223, and the driving motor 224 is connected with the frame 223 through a screw rod 226 and drives the reflection unit 225. In this embodiment, the image capturing structure 100 includes a camera 102 and a data connection port 101 thereof, a reduction lens 104, a connecting member 105, a mounting portion 106, and a lens structure 107, wherein the camera 102 is connected to the reduction lens 104 through a camera threaded connection portion 103, the reduction lens 104 is connected to the lens structure 107 through the connecting member 105, the lens structure 107 includes a lens and a fixing base thereof, the mounting portion 106 is sleeved on the connecting member 105, and the image capturing structure 100 is fixed to the outside, for example, to the frame structure 600 through the mounting portion 106. The lighting device 400 includes a light source assembly 410, a light source guide rail 420, a light source driver 430 and a base 440, wherein the light source driver 430 and the light source guide rail 420 are disposed on the base 440, the light source assembly 410 is slidably disposed on the light source guide rail 420, the light source assembly 410 is used for providing incident light 500, the light source driver 430 is in driving connection with the light source assembly 410, and the light source driver 430 is used for driving the light source assembly 410 to slide on the light source guide rail 420 so that the light condensing and emitting directions of the light source assembly 410 are overlapped with the optical axis of the selected objective lens.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the lighting device is further provided with a mounting card seat 411 on the light source component 410, and the mounting card seat 411 is provided with a mounting card slot 412 for mounting and fixing the condensing lens group at the end of the light source component 410; the lighting device is further provided with a light source seat 432, the light source assembly 410 is fixed on the light source seat 432 and is slidably connected with the light source guide rail 420, the light source driving rod 431 of the light source driver 430 is connected with the light source seat 432, and the light source seat 432 is driven by the light source driving rod 431 to drive the light source assembly 410 to slide on the light source guide rail 420.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the optical system of the present embodiment further includes a support platform 700, and referring to fig. 10, 11 and 12, the frame structure 600 is fixed on the support platform 700.
In one embodiment, the optical system further includes an object carrying device, the object carrying device includes an object stage and a power unit, the object stage is disposed on the optical path of the incident light and is used for carrying the sample to be detected, the power unit is connected with the object stage, and the power unit is used for driving the object stage to move so as to move the sample to be detected into the observation fields of view of the first objective lens and the second objective lens.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the optical system of this embodiment further includes a carrying device 800, please refer to fig. 14 and 15, the carrying device 800 is used as a sample platform, a plurality of samples to be tested are sequentially disposed on the carrying device 800, in actual use, an automatic control sample injection, an automatic control switching objective lens, automatic image capturing, and finally automatic judgment can be implemented by matching with a judging module, so as to complete automatic detection of the samples.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 16A and 16B, the lighting device further comprises an light-emitting cap 415, a light-collecting lens group 413 and a light-collecting lens group 414, wherein the light emitted by the light-emitting cap 415 is generally dispersed, and is concentrated by the light-collecting lens group 413 and the light-collecting lens group 414 to form an incident light 500, as shown in fig. 16A, and enters the second objective 322, and forms a second emergent light 520 after passing through the lens structure 107, and then is imaged on the camera 102; at this time, the optical axis of the second objective lens 322 coincides with the light-condensing outgoing direction of the light-condensing lens group 414, and the reflecting member 214 of the first conversion mechanism 210 and the reflecting unit 225 of the second conversion mechanism 220 do not change the direction of the second outgoing light 520; in the present embodiment, in the objective lens group 320, the number of objective lenses is one more than that of the first conversion mechanism 210, and the optical axis of the second objective lens 322 is used to coincide with the observation direction, and the position of the first objective lens 321 corresponds to the first conversion mechanism 210. In the process of converting the objective lens, as shown in fig. 16B, the objective lens is still, the camera 102 is also still, the position of the light source assembly of the illumination device is adjusted to adjust the position of the light emitting cap 415, at this time, the optical axis of the first objective lens 321 coincides with the light converging and emitting direction of the light converging lens group 414, that is, coincides with the incident light ray 500, the first objective lens 321 receives the incident light ray 500 to form the first outgoing light ray 511, the reflecting member 214 reflects the first outgoing light ray 511 to form the first reflection light ray 512, the reflecting unit 225 reflects the first reflection light ray 512 to form the second reflection light ray 513, so that the optical path of the second reflection light ray 513 coincides with the optical path of the second outgoing light ray 520, and the positions of the camera 102 and the lens structure 107 remain unchanged, that is, the observation position of the light emitting imaging remains unchanged, and at the same time, the positions of the first objective lens 321 and the second objective lens 322 remain unchanged, only the position of the reflecting unit 225 of the second conversion mechanism 220 changes, so as to control the optical path of the second reflection light ray 520 to coincide with the optical path of the second outgoing light ray 520, so that the effect of the objective lens is switched. And the angle of the reflecting member 214 of the first conversion mechanism can be fine-tuned to ensure the accuracy of the light path entering the lens structure 107 and the camera 102.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 17A and 17B, unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 16A and 16B, the objective lens assembly of the optical system of the present embodiment further includes a third objective lens 323, that is, the objective lens assembly includes three objective lenses, namely, a first objective lens 321, a second objective lens 322 and a third objective lens 323, respectively, and the third objective lens 323 is used for receiving the incident light ray 500 to form a third outgoing light ray 531, and the conversion assembly further includes a third conversion mechanism 227, wherein the optical axis of the second objective lens 322 is used for coinciding with the observation direction, and the positions of the first objective lens 321 and the third objective lens 323 correspond to the reflecting member 214 and the third conversion mechanism 227, respectively; the third conversion mechanism 227 is configured to receive the third outgoing light 531 to form a third reflected light 532, and the driving unit 228 is further configured to drive the reflecting unit 225 to move onto an optical path of the third reflected light 532 to form a fourth reflected light 533, and make an optical path of the fourth reflected light 533 coincide with an optical path of the second outgoing light 520, and similarly, positions of the first objective lens 321, the second objective lens 322, the third objective lens 323, the camera 102 and the lens structure 107 are kept unchanged, only positions of the incident light 500 and the reflecting unit 225 are changed. In this embodiment, the number of driving motors is two, and the two driving motors are used for adjusting the relative positions of the reflecting unit 225 and the optical path along two directions according to the objective lens selection requirement, so as to respectively correspond to the reflecting member 214 and the third converting mechanism 227. The first conversion mechanism 210 and the third conversion mechanism 227 are spaced apart from each other so as not to be shielded from each other. In another embodiment, the first conversion mechanism 210 further includes a conversion driving component, which may be a screw motor or a linear stepper motor, etc., where the first conversion mechanism 210 and the third conversion mechanism 227 may be located on the same plane, and when the third outgoing light 531 needs to be reflected to form the third reflected light 532, the conversion driving component moves to make the first conversion mechanism 210 far away from the optical path of the third reflected light 532, so even if the first conversion mechanism 210 and the third conversion mechanism 227 are located on the same plane, the conversion driving component may make the first conversion mechanism 210 not form a shielding for the third reflected light 532. Further, in one embodiment, the optical axes of the objective lenses in the objective lens group are disposed in parallel and located on the same plane.
As shown in fig. 17A, the range of the light direction emitted by the light-emitting lamp holder 415 of the lighting device is generally larger and more dispersed, the light is concentrated by the light collecting lens set 413 and the light collecting lens set 414 to form an incident light 500, the incident light enters the first objective lens 321 to form a first emergent light 511, at this time, the optical axis of the first objective lens 321 coincides with the light-collecting emergent direction of the light collecting lens set 414, the first emergent light 511 is reflected by the reflecting element 214 of the first converting mechanism to form a first reflected light 512, and then reflected by the reflecting unit 225 of the second converting mechanism to form a second reflected light 513, and the second reflected light enters the lens structure 107 and the camera 102, and finally is imaged on the camera 102; when the objective lens is switched, as shown in fig. 17B, the position of the light source assembly of the lighting device, that is, the position of the light-emitting lamp holder 415 is adjusted, at this time, the optical axis of the third objective lens 323 coincides with the light-condensing outgoing direction of the light-condensing lens group 414, so that the incident light ray 500 enters the third objective lens 323 to form a third outgoing light ray 531, the third outgoing light ray 531 is reflected by the third switching mechanism 227 to form a third reflected light ray 532, and is reflected by the reflecting unit 225 to form a fourth reflected light ray 533, and finally imaged on the camera 102; in this process, the positions of the camera 102 and the lens structure 107 are kept unchanged, that is, the observation positions are kept unchanged, and meanwhile, the positions of the first objective lens 321, the second objective lens 322 and the third objective lens 323 are also kept unchanged, only the positions of the light-emitting lamp holder 415 and the reflecting unit 225 are changed, so as to control the light path of the second emergent light 520, and the objective lens switching effect is achieved on the premise that the positions of the above items are kept unchanged. The reflection angle of the third conversion mechanism 227 can be fine-tuned to ensure the accuracy of the light path entering the lens structure 107 and the camera 102.
Referring to fig. 6, 13, 16A, 16B, 17A and 17B, in one embodiment, the whole microscope imaging optical system includes an image capturing structure 100, a conversion assembly 200, an objective lens assembly 300, an illumination device 400 and a carrying device 800; wherein the lighting device comprises an LED light source with a light-emitting head 415, a collection lens group 413 and a condenser lens group 414, the collection lens group 413 comprising 2 lenses, such as a plano-convex lens and a biconvex lens, the illustrated collection lens group 413 being an embodiment without excluding other optical structures, the following; the collection lens group 414 includes 2 lenses such as a biconvex lens and an hyperspherical plano-convex lens, and the carrier device includes a slide glass, a sample, a cover glass, and the like, and can be fixed on an XY stage such as a manual XY stage or an electric XY stage; or the carrier device may comprise an XY stage; the objective lens component comprises an objective lens, a cylindrical lens, an adaptive lens and the like, for example, the illustrated embodiment is a 10x objective lens and a 100x objective lens, the adaptive lens with the size of 0.5x is arranged, and the combination of the objective lens and the adaptive lens with other multiples is not excluded; the conversion assembly comprises a first conversion mechanism and a second conversion mechanism.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 16B, when the first objective lens 321, for example, a 10× objective lens is used for observation, the light from the light-emitting lamp head 415 of the LED lamp is collected through the light-collecting lens 413, which is because the light-emitting angle of the LED lamp is larger, and the light needs to be collected and then collected to the sample surface through the light-collecting lens 414, so as to illuminate the sample. After passing through the optical path of the objective lens, the imaging light of the 10x objective lens is reflected to the reflecting unit 225 of the second conversion mechanism 220 by 90 degrees through the reflecting piece 214 of the first conversion mechanism 210, at this time, the reflecting unit 225 moves into the optical path, and sequentially enters the cylindrical lens, the 0.5x adaptive lens and the camera after being reflected by 90 degrees for the second time, wherein the adaptive lens functions to reduce the imaging view field size to match the size of the target surface of the camera chip. The LED lamp of the lighting device 400 may have at least 2 cases: (1) an LED lamp is correspondingly arranged below each multiple objective lens, and when the low-power objective lens works, the first LED lamp is controlled to be started; when the high power mirror is switched to, the first LED lamp is controlled to be turned off, the second LED lamp is controlled to be turned on, and the rest embodiments are analogized and are not repeated; (2) and the LED lamp moves along with the lighting device, and the brightness adjustment of the LED lamp is matched with the objective lens. The latter is preferable from the viewpoints of heat dissipation and energy saving.
With continued reference to fig. 16A, when the second objective 322, for example, the 100x objective, is switched to view, the reflection unit 225 moves out of the optical path system, and the illumination device moves below the optical axis of the 100x objective, so that the sample moves through the XY stage to the view of 100x observation, and the objective switching can be achieved in the state that the objective position is unchanged. The reflecting element 214 of the first conversion mechanism 210 can achieve that the optical axis of the 10x objective lens is parallel to the optical axis of the 100x objective lens and can be matched with the optical axis parallelism of different objective lenses by adjusting the reflecting angle to control the optical path of the second emergent light.
That is, the selection of the multiple of the objective lens is realized by the mode of switching in the optical path system through the reflector assembly comprising the first switching mechanism and the second switching mechanism, wherein the switching of the reflector such as the prism can be realized through the linear motion mechanism, the precision of the linear motion is not required, and only the effective reflection area can be met by the prism reflection area, so that the lens has the advantages of simple realization, high precision and long service life. For example, a linear motion mechanism for moving the prism can select a mode of matching a screw rod with a stepping motor or a linear motor, the motion modes can bear stronger working strength, and in an application scene of low working strength of prism switching, the service life can reach more than 5 years according to the maximum daily test quantity, and the service life is far more than the traditional expected service life, so that the influence of abrasion of the motion mechanism on the precision can be reduced to be very low.
The other embodiments of the present application also include an optical path conversion device and an optical system that can be implemented by combining the technical features of the embodiments.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description. And the above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. An optical path conversion device, comprising:
the objective lens assembly comprises a first objective lens and a second objective lens, wherein the first objective lens and the second objective lens are used for respectively receiving incident light rays so as to respectively form first emergent light rays and second emergent light rays; and
The conversion assembly comprises a first conversion mechanism and a second conversion mechanism, the first conversion mechanism is used for receiving the first emergent light to form first reflected light, the second conversion mechanism comprises a driving unit and a reflecting unit, the driving unit is connected with the reflecting unit and is used for driving the reflecting unit to move to an optical path of the first reflected light so as to form second reflected light and enable the optical path of the second reflected light to coincide with the optical path of the second emergent light;
the objective lens assembly further comprises a third objective lens, the third objective lens is used for receiving incident light rays to form third emergent light rays, the conversion assembly further comprises a third conversion mechanism, the third conversion mechanism is used for receiving the third emergent light rays to form third reflected light rays, the driving unit is further used for driving the reflection unit to move to the light path of the third reflected light rays to form fourth reflected light rays, and the light path of the fourth reflected light rays coincides with the light path of the second emergent light rays.
2. The light path switching device according to claim 1, wherein a moving direction of the reflecting unit is perpendicular to the first reflected light ray and the second outgoing light ray; or, the conversion component is provided with a reflection space between the first conversion mechanism and the second conversion mechanism, and the light path of the first reflected light is positioned in the reflection space.
3. The light path conversion device according to claim 2, wherein the second conversion mechanism further comprises a fixing frame, the driving unit comprises a driving motor and a screw rod, the driving motor is mounted on the fixing frame, the reflecting unit is mounted on the screw rod, the driving motor drives the screw rod to move so as to drive the reflecting unit to move along the screw rod, and the extending direction of the screw rod is perpendicular to the first reflected light ray and the second emergent light ray.
4. The light path switching device according to claim 1, wherein the first switching mechanism comprises a mounting base, a reflecting member and an adjusting member, the adjusting member is respectively connected to the mounting base and the reflecting member, and the adjusting member is used for adjusting an inclination angle of the reflecting member relative to the first outgoing light.
5. The light path switching device according to claim 4, wherein the adjusting member comprises two adjusting screws, the two adjusting screws are arranged at intervals and are respectively mounted on the mounting base for adjusting the reflection angle of the reflecting member; alternatively, the adjustment member includes three of the adjustment screws that are not collinear.
6. The optical path switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first switching mechanisms is at least two, and the reflecting members in the respective first switching mechanisms are spaced apart from each other so as not to block each other; or, in the objective lens group, the number of the objective lenses is one more than that of the first conversion mechanisms, wherein the optical axis of one objective lens is used for coinciding with the observation direction, and the positions of the other objective lenses are in one-to-one correspondence with the reflecting pieces of the first conversion mechanisms; or the first objective lens is a low power objective lens, the second objective lens is a high power objective lens, and when the first objective lens is switched to the high power objective lens, the reflecting unit moves out of the optical path system.
7. The light path switching device of claim 1, further comprising a switching drive assembly coupled to the first switching mechanism and configured to drive the first switching mechanism in motion such that the first switching mechanism is away from the light path of the third reflected light; or the number of the third object mirrors is at least two, the number of the third conversion mechanisms is at least two, and the third object mirrors are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the third conversion mechanisms.
8. An optical system comprising an illumination device, an imaging device, and the optical path conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
the illumination device is used for emitting the incident light rays to the first objective lens and the second objective lens;
the image pickup device is arranged on the light path of the second emergent light.
9. The optical system of claim 8, wherein the illumination device comprises a light source and a moving assembly, the moving assembly moves the light source, the light source configured to form the incident light.
10. The optical system of claim 9, further comprising a carrier device comprising a stage disposed in the optical path of the incident light and configured to carry a sample to be detected, and a power unit coupled to the stage, the power unit configured to drive the stage to move the sample to be detected into the field of view of the first and second objective lenses.
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| CN202011376245.6A CN114578535B (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Optical path conversion device and optical system |
| PCT/CN2021/134157 WO2022111710A1 (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2021-11-29 | Optical path conversion device and optical system |
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