CN114577614B - Hydraulic fracturing experimental device - Google Patents
Hydraulic fracturing experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114577614B CN114577614B CN202210099156.4A CN202210099156A CN114577614B CN 114577614 B CN114577614 B CN 114577614B CN 202210099156 A CN202210099156 A CN 202210099156A CN 114577614 B CN114577614 B CN 114577614B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 44
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic splitting experimental device which comprises two box girders which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of the box girders are respectively fixed through fixing girders, a supporting plate is arranged between the two box girders, two ends of the supporting plate are respectively connected with the two box girders through connecting plates, concrete samples are arranged on the supporting plate, left clamping steel plates and right clamping steel plates are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of each concrete sample, the back surface of each left clamping steel plate is connected with a tension pressure sensor through a prefabricated steel rod, the prefabricated steel rods are inserted from reserved holes on the left box girder to the back surface of the box girders and are connected with a hydraulic jack, the back surface of each right clamping steel plate is connected with the right box girder through a prefabricated short steel rod, square grooves are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of each concrete sample, and the middle parts of the square grooves are respectively provided with a prefabricated crack, and sealing assemblies are arranged on the two square grooves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete hydraulic fracturing tests, and particularly relates to a hydraulic fracturing test device.
Background
Hydraulic fracturing is a process of coupling water flow movement in a gap of rock mass or concrete with surrounding solid deformation, and is characterized in that high-pressure water flow drives existing cracks and gaps in the rock mass and the concrete to expand, mutually penetrate and the like. Hydraulic fracturing is a physical phenomenon that causes cracks to develop and propagate in rock mass or concrete due to the elevation of water pressure.
The hydraulic splitting mechanism of the concrete is complex, and the hydraulic splitting mechanism can be embodied in practical engineering, for example, the influence of factors such as temperature, construction, concrete shrinkage and the like of a concrete dam. The surface of the dam body inevitably has cracks, and the forms of the cracks are various, such as: horizontal slits, vertical slits, etc. The working condition of the crack is also complex, such as: stress-free joints, compression joints, tension joints, etc. Because of the limitations of test equipment and test devices, the prior scholars only study the concrete test piece precast crack under the axial stress condition without penetrating through the thickness direction of the test piece, and can not see the expansion form of the crack at the tip end of the precast crack under the action of axial force. And whether the sealing effect around the prefabricated crack is good directly influences the test phenomenon and the result.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a hydraulic fracturing experimental device, which can be used for prefabricating a crack of a test piece into a penetrating crack and developing a concrete I-II composite fracture test under the combined action of water pressure and external force, so that the damage condition of a concrete dam under the action of water pressure can be more accurately simulated, and the crack expansion condition can be effectively observed.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a hydraulic fracturing experimental apparatus, includes two box girders that mutually symmetry set up, the box girder both ends are realized fixing through the fixed beam respectively, are provided with the backup pad between two box girders, the both ends of backup pad are connected with two box girders through the connecting plate respectively, be provided with the concrete sample in the backup pad, both ends are provided with left clamp steel sheet and right clamp steel sheet respectively about the concrete sample, the back of left clamp steel sheet is connected with tension pressure sensor through prefabricated steel bar, prefabricated steel bar is from the preformed hole on the left side box girder to the back of this box girder and be connected with hydraulic jack, the back of right clamp steel sheet is connected with right side box girder through prefabricated short steel bar, the concrete sample is provided with square recess opposite side up and down symmetrically, square recess middle part is provided with prefabricated crack, all be provided with seal assembly on the square recess.
Preferably, strain gauges are attached to two ends of the prefabricated crack, and clamp-type extensometers are arranged in the middle and at two ends of the prefabricated crack.
Preferably, the concrete test piece is pre-buried with 6 screw rods which are penetrated up and down and are provided with threads along the thickness direction of the concrete test piece, 4 high-strength bolts are pre-buried at two ends of the concrete test piece along the length direction of the concrete test piece, and the left clamping steel plate and the right clamping steel plate are connected with the concrete test piece through the high-strength bolts.
Preferably, the sealing assembly comprises a square cover plate and a square sealing ring, the square cover plate is arranged right above the square groove and is connected with a concrete sample through a screw rod, sealing glue is filled in a gap between the square cover plate and the concrete sample, a square notch is arranged at the central position of the square cover plate, a square block with the size smaller than that of the square notch is dug out at the middle position of the square notch to form a step-shaped groove, the square sealing ring is arranged in the step-shaped groove, a fixing plate is formed by extending vertically downwards at the outer end of the bottom of the square sealing ring, a fixing groove matched with the fixing plate is formed in the table top of the step-shaped groove, a connecting plate is formed by extending horizontally inwards at the upper end of the inner side of the square sealing ring, toughened glass is arranged at the central position of the square sealing ring and is fixedly connected with the connecting plate through a screw, sealing glue is filled in the gap between the connecting plate and the toughened glass, and a water injection port is arranged on the toughened glass and is connected with a piston type water pump through a water injection pipe.
Preferably, the square notch on the square cover plate is provided with a horizontal mounting groove on the inner wall, a pressing plate is arranged in the mounting groove, the upper end face of the pressing plate is provided with a first gear groove, the upper side wall of the mounting groove is provided with an inward concave groove, a first gear is arranged in the groove, the first gear is rotationally connected with the inner walls of the two ends of the groove through a central shaft, and the pressing plate extrudes the square sealing ring when moved to the outer side of the mounting groove and is connected with the square sealing ring through a fixing piece.
Preferably, the mounting includes L type arm-tie, be provided with the horizontal groove on the lateral wall of clamp plate, the horizontal segment setting of L type arm-tie is in the horizontal groove, be provided with the second gear groove on the horizontal segment bottom surface of L type arm-tie, the back below of horizontal groove is provided with the installation cavity, horizontal groove and installation cavity intercommunication, be provided with second gear, worm wheel and bearing frame in the installation cavity, second gear and worm set up in same pivot, second gear and second gear groove meshing, worm wheel and worm meshing, the worm wheel bottom is provided with coaxial collar, the bearing frame passes through the bolt fastening on the inner bottom wall of installation cavity, the worm wheel passes through the inner ring screw fixation on collar and the bearing frame, bearing frame and worm wheel are hollow structure, be provided with the regulation pole in the bearing frame, be provided with external screw thread portion on the regulation pole upper end outer wall, be provided with the internal thread portion matched with in the installation cavity, the worm wheel below sets gradually guide slot and guide slot have the guide slot to extend to the side of the same, the guide slot is provided with down in proper order along the guide slot, the guide slot is set up to the guide slot is connected to the guide slot in proper order.
Preferably, the second gear and the worm are connected through an internal thread part and an external thread part which are meshed with each other, two ends of the second gear and the worm are respectively provided with a check ring, the check rings are arranged on a rotating shaft, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the mounting cavity, and the second gear drives the worm to rotate around the rotating shaft through the internal thread part and the external thread part which are meshed with each other.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the concrete test piece is pre-embedded with 6 threaded screws which penetrate up and down along the thickness direction of the concrete test piece, 4 high-strength bolts are pre-embedded at two ends of the concrete test piece along the length direction of the concrete test piece, prefabricated cracks on the concrete test piece penetrate through the thickness direction of the concrete test piece, and the concrete test piece is different from the existing axial-pulling test piece form, the existing axial-pulling test piece adopts single-sided prefabricated cracks, and the cracks are not penetrated, so that the water penetration can be avoided, but the real whole cross section of the interface where the whole crack is located cannot bear the water pressure, and the through crack test piece form adopted by the invention enables the whole crack surface to bear the even water pressure, so that the real crack surface is all subjected to the water pressure. Meanwhile, the test piece form used in the invention can reduce the thickness of the concrete test piece to a certain extent, thereby reducing the volume of the concrete test piece, and further facilitating the manufacture and study of the test piece.
In order to improve the sealing effect, the sealing assembly is designed and comprises a square cover plate and a square sealing ring, wherein the square cover plate is arranged right above a square groove and is connected with a concrete sample through a screw rod, sealing glue is filled in a gap between the square cover plate and the concrete sample, a square notch is arranged at the center of the square cover plate, square blocks with the size smaller than that of the square notch are dug out at the middle of the square notch to form a step-shaped groove, the square sealing ring is arranged in the step-shaped groove, the outer end of the bottom of the square sealing ring vertically extends downwards to form a fixing plate, a fixing groove matched with the fixing plate is formed in the table surface of the step-shaped groove, a connecting plate horizontally extends inwards to form the upper end of the inner side of the square sealing ring, toughened glass is fixedly connected with the connecting plate through the screw rod, and sealing glue is filled in the gap between the connecting plate and the toughened glass. The square cover plate is used as an outer sealing structure, the square sealing ring is used as an inner sealing structure, and a sealing line which is bent for many times is formed between the inner sealing structure and the outer sealing structure, so that the sealing performance of the square groove is improved, and the influence on test phenomenon and results is avoided. Meanwhile, the toughened glass is used as a sealing structure on the left inner side, is fixedly connected with the connecting plate on the square sealing ring through bolts, the periphery of the toughened glass is attached to the inner wall of the square sealing ring, and the connecting plate is horizontally limited above, so that the sealing performance is good.
Secondly, the fixing piece is additionally arranged above the square sealing ring, the fixing piece belongs to a part of the square cover plate, the fixing piece is used for fixing the square sealing ring in the vertical direction, and the horizontal sealing is formed by the matching surface of the outer wall of the square sealing ring and the inner wall of the square cover plate, so that the integral sealing effect is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic fracture experimental apparatus in the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a hydraulic fracture experimental apparatus according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a hydraulic fracture testing apparatus according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a concrete sample in the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a concrete sample in the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a square seal ring in the present embodiment;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of FIG. 5 at A;
fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the adjusting lever.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing connection between the second gear, the worm and the rotating shaft in the present embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the worm wheel in the present embodiment.
1. A box girder; 2. a fixed beam; 3. a support plate; 4. a concrete sample; 401. prefabricating cracks; 5. square grooves; 6. tempered glass; 601. a water filling port; 7. square sealing ring; 701. a fixing plate; 702. a connecting plate; 8. a square cover plate; 801. a mounting groove; 802. a pressing plate; 8021. a first tooth groove; 8022. a mounting cavity; 8023. a receiving groove; 803. a groove; 804. a first gear; 9. a left clamping steel plate; 10. a right clamping steel plate; 11. a pull pressure sensor; 12. prefabricating a short steel bar; 13. a hydraulic jack; 14. an L-shaped pulling plate; 1401. a second insection groove; 15. a second gear; 16. a worm; 17. a rotating shaft; 18. a retainer ring; 19. a worm wheel; 20. a bearing seat; 21. an adjusting rod; 2101. an external thread portion; 2102. a bar-shaped groove; 22. a limiting block; 23. and (5) a mounting ring.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-10, the invention specifically provides a hydraulic splitting experimental device, which comprises two box girders 1 which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of each box girder 1 are respectively fixed through fixing girders 2, a supporting plate 3 is arranged between the two box girders 1, two ends of each supporting plate 3 are respectively connected with the two box girders 1 through connecting plates, a concrete sample 4 is arranged on each supporting plate 3, left and right ends of each concrete sample 4 are respectively provided with a left clamping steel plate 9 and a right clamping steel plate 10, the back surface of each left clamping steel plate 9 is connected with a tension pressure sensor 11 through a prefabricated steel rod, the prefabricated steel rods are led out from preformed holes on the left box girder to the back surface of each box girder 1 and are connected with a hydraulic jack 13, the back surface of each right clamping steel plate 10 is connected with the right box girder through a prefabricated short steel rod 12, square grooves 5 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower faces of each concrete sample 4, and the middle parts of the square grooves 5 are provided with prefabricated cracks 401, and sealing assemblies are arranged on the two square grooves 5.
In this embodiment, 6 threaded screws penetrating up and down are embedded in the concrete test piece 4 along the thickness direction, and 4 high-strength bolts are embedded in the concrete test piece 4 along the two ends of the concrete test piece along the length direction. Strain gauges are attached to two ends of the prefabricated crack 401, and clamp extensometers are arranged in the middle and at two ends of the prefabricated crack.
In this embodiment, whether the sealing effect is good directly affects the test phenomenon and the result, so the sealing treatment is performed around the prefabricated crack on the test piece before the test starts, and the sealing mode of the test piece is as follows:
as shown in fig. 5-8, the sealing assembly comprises a square cover plate 8 and a square sealing ring 7, the square cover plate 8 is arranged right above the square groove 5 and is connected with the concrete sample 4 through a screw rod, sealing glue is filled in a gap between the square cover plate 8 and the concrete sample 4, a square notch is arranged at the center position of the square cover plate 8, a square block with the size smaller than the square notch is dug at the middle position of the square notch to form a step-shaped groove, the square sealing ring 7 is arranged in the step-shaped groove, a fixing plate 701 is vertically and downwardly extended at the outer end of the bottom of the square sealing ring 7, a fixing groove matched with the fixing plate 701 is formed in the table surface of the step-shaped groove, a connecting plate 702 is horizontally and inwardly extended at the upper end of the inner side of the square sealing ring 7, toughened glass 6 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 702 through screws, sealing glue is filled in the gap between the connecting plate 702 and the toughened glass 6, a water filling port 601 is arranged on the toughened glass 6, and the water filling port 601 is connected with a piston type hydraulic pump through a pipe.
The square cover plate is characterized in that a mounting groove 801 in the horizontal direction is formed in the inner wall of a square notch in the square cover plate 8, a pressing plate 802 is arranged in the mounting groove 801, a first gear groove 8021 is formed in the upper end face of the pressing plate 802, an inward-sinking groove 803 is formed in the upper side wall of the mounting groove 801, a first gear 804 is arranged in the groove 803, the first gear 804 is rotationally connected with the inner walls of the two ends of the groove 803 through a central shaft, and the pressing plate 802 extrudes the square sealing ring 7 when moved to the outer side of the mounting groove 801 and is connected with the square sealing ring 7 through a fixing piece.
The square cover plate 8 is used as an outer sealing structure, the square sealing ring 7 is used as an inner sealing structure, and sealing lines which are bent for many times are formed between the inner sealing structure and the outer sealing structure, so that the tightness of the square groove 5 is improved, and the influence on test phenomenon and results is avoided. Meanwhile, the toughened glass 6 is used as a sealing structure on the left inner side, is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 702 on the square sealing ring 7 through bolts, the periphery of the toughened glass 6 is attached to the inner wall of the square sealing ring 7, the connecting plate 702 is horizontally limited above, and the sealing performance is good.
And a fixing piece is additionally arranged above the square sealing ring 7, the fixing piece belongs to a part of the square cover plate 8, the fixing piece is utilized to fix the square sealing ring 7 in the vertical direction, and the horizontal sealing is formed by utilizing the matching surface of the outer wall of the square sealing ring 7 and the inner wall of the square cover plate 8, so that the integral sealing effect is improved. This mounting includes L type arm-tie 14, be provided with the horizontal groove on the lateral wall of clamp plate 802, the horizontal segment setting of L type arm-tie 14 is in the horizontal groove, be provided with second gear groove 1401 on the horizontal segment bottom surface of L type arm-tie 14, the rear lower side of horizontal groove is provided with installation chamber 8022, horizontal groove and installation chamber 8022 intercommunication, be provided with second gear 15, worm 16, worm wheel 19 and bearing frame 20 in the installation chamber 8022, second gear 15 and worm 16 set up on same pivot 17, second gear 15 and second gear groove 1401 meshing, worm wheel 19 and worm 16 meshing, worm wheel 19 bottom is provided with coaxial collar 23, bearing frame 20 passes through the bolt fastening on the inner bottom wall of installation chamber 8022, worm wheel 19 is through collar 23 and the last inner ring screw fixation of bearing frame 20, bearing frame 20 and 19 all are hollow structure, be provided with regulation pole 21 in the bearing frame 20, be provided with second gear 15, worm wheel 21 upper end outer wall, worm wheel 21 and second gear groove 2102 and second gear groove 1401 meshing, the inside diameter of cloth take shape groove 2102 and the inside diameter of cloth 21 are provided with the inside diameter of a thread groove 23, the inside diameter of a thread groove 21021 is set up to the end of a thread groove 21021 in proper order, the inside diameter of a thread groove 2107 is set up with the end down in the end of a thread groove 21021, the end of a thread groove is held down in the thread groove 21021 in proper order, the end of a thread groove is set up with the end of a thread groove 21021.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the second gear and the worm are connected through an internal thread portion and an external thread portion which are meshed with each other, two ends of the second gear and the worm are respectively provided with a retainer ring, the retainer rings are arranged on a rotating shaft, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected with front and rear inner walls of the mounting cavity, and the second gear drives the worm to rotate around the rotating shaft through the internal thread portion and the external thread portion which are meshed with each other.
The test process of the invention mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a concrete sample:
a square male die with the size of 300mm multiplied by 300mm is embedded in the middle position of two surfaces of the inner side of a cuboid die with the size of 900mm multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 200mm, a reserved seam steel sheet is fixed on the surface of the cuboid die with the size of 900mm multiplied by 600mm, and the reserved seam steel sheet has the size of 300mm multiplied by 130mm multiplied by 4mm; and (3) erecting embedded screws on the 900mm multiplied by 600mm surface of the cuboid mould. Six threaded screws with the diameter of 12mm and the length of 350mm are inserted into the holes, embedded bolts are erected on the 600mm multiplied by 200mm surface of the cuboid mould, eight threaded bolts 6 with the diameter of 25mm and the length of 300mm are respectively inserted into the holes at two ends of the cuboid mould for applying axial force at two ends. And finally, pouring a concrete test piece.
(2) Measurement instrument arrangement: the axial force and the water pressure are applied through the hydraulic pump, the axial force and the water pressure are controlled through the combination of the axial force sensor, the high-precision pressure gauge and the direct-acting overflow valve, strain gauges and the clamp type extensometer are required to be attached to two ends of the prefabricated crack, and the periphery of the initial crack 2 is required to be polished and leveled for better attaching effect. Clip-type extensometers are arranged at the two ends and the middle position of the prefabricated crack, and strain gauges are stuck at the two ends of the prefabricated crack; in addition, lead wires connected with the strain gauge and the clamp extensometer are led out, and are smeared and filled with epoxy resin glue, so that the waterproof and insulating effects can be achieved in the test. Then the sealing cover plate is fixed through the screw rod, the two ends of the concrete sample are respectively provided with the clamping steel plates, the clamping steel plates are fixed through the screw rod bolts in the embedded horizontal direction, during loading, axial force is applied to the clamping steel plates, water is filled into the prefabricated cracks through the water injection holes in the cover plate during testing, and finally the hydraulic splitting process of the concrete sample is completed through the pressurization of the hydraulic jack.
(3) Test acquisition: in the test process, the axial force can convert the strain quantity generated by the axial force into a voltage signal through the load sensor and output the voltage signal to the data acquisition instrument so as to obtain an axial force value; the strain of the end part of the crack measured by the strain gauge can be collected through a dynamic strain system, and the dynamic strain system is an existing dynamic strain gauge; the slit width and slit tip displacement values of the initial slit measured by the clamp extensometer in the expansion process can be collected and reflected on a curve in a coordinate system through a low-speed signal acquisition system connected to a computer, and then the result is obtained through analysis.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent variation of the above embodiment according to the technical matter of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The hydraulic splitting experimental device is characterized by comprising two box beams which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of the box beams are respectively fixed through fixing beams, a supporting plate is arranged between the two box beams, two ends of the supporting plate are respectively connected with the two box beams through connecting plates, concrete samples are arranged on the supporting plate, left and right ends of each concrete sample are respectively provided with a left clamping steel plate and a right clamping steel plate, the back surface of each left clamping steel plate is connected with a tension pressure sensor through a prefabricated steel rod, the prefabricated steel rod is inserted from a reserved hole on the left box beam to the back surface of the box beam and is connected with a hydraulic jack, the back surface of each right clamping steel plate is connected with the right box beam through a prefabricated short steel rod, square grooves are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower opposite sides of each concrete sample, and the middle parts of the square grooves are provided with prefabricated cracks;
the sealing assembly comprises a square cover plate and a square sealing ring, the square cover plate is arranged right above a square groove and is connected with a concrete sample through a screw rod, sealing glue is filled in a gap between the square cover plate and the concrete sample, a square groove is formed in the center position of the square cover plate, a square block with the size smaller than that of the square groove is dug out in the middle position of the square groove to form a step-shaped groove, the square sealing ring is arranged in the step-shaped groove, the outer end of the bottom of the square sealing ring vertically extends downwards to form a fixed plate, a fixed groove matched with the fixed plate is formed in the table top of the step-shaped groove, a connecting plate is formed in the upper end of the inner side of the square sealing ring in a horizontally inwards extending mode, toughened glass is arranged in the center position of the square sealing ring and is fixedly connected with the connecting plate through a screw, sealing glue is filled in the gap between the connecting plate and the toughened glass, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the toughened glass, and a water outlet are connected with a piston type water pump through a water pipe.
The square sealing ring is characterized in that a horizontal mounting groove is formed in the inner wall of the square groove on the square cover plate, a pressing plate is arranged in the mounting groove, a first gear groove is formed in the upper end face of the pressing plate, an inward-sinking groove is formed in the upper side wall of the mounting groove, a first gear is arranged in the groove, the first gear is rotationally connected with the inner walls of the two ends of the groove through a central shaft, and the pressing plate extrudes the square sealing ring when moved to the outer side of the mounting groove and is connected with the square sealing ring through a fixing piece;
the fixing piece comprises an L-shaped pulling plate, a horizontal groove is arranged on the outer side wall of the pressing plate, the horizontal section of the L-shaped pulling plate is arranged in the horizontal groove, a second gear groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the horizontal section of the L-shaped pulling plate, a mounting cavity is arranged below the rear part of the horizontal groove, the horizontal groove is communicated with the mounting cavity, a second gear, a worm wheel and a bearing seat are arranged in the mounting cavity, the second gear and the worm are arranged on the same rotating shaft, the second gear is meshed with the second gear groove, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, a coaxial mounting ring is arranged at the bottom of the worm wheel, the bearing seat is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the mounting cavity through a bolt, the worm wheel is fixed with an inner ring on the bearing seat through a screw through the mounting ring, the bearing seat and the worm gear are of hollow structures, an adjusting rod is arranged in the bearing seat, an external thread part is arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the adjusting rod, an internal thread matched with the external thread part is arranged on the inner wall of the worm gear, a guide hole and a containing groove are sequentially formed below the installation cavity, the lower end of the adjusting rod sequentially penetrates through the bearing seat and the guide hole and extends into the containing groove, a plurality of strip-shaped grooves are formed in the outer wall of the lower end of the adjusting rod along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the adjusting rod, a plurality of raised strips matched with the strip-shaped grooves are formed in the inner wall of the guide hole, a limiting block is arranged in the containing groove, the lower end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the limiting block, and a fixing groove matched with the limiting block is formed in the upper end face of the square sealing ring;
the second gear and the worm are connected through an internal thread part and an external thread part which are meshed with each other, check rings are respectively arranged at two ends of the second gear and the worm, the check rings are arranged on a rotating shaft, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the mounting cavity, and the second gear drives the worm to rotate around the rotating shaft through the internal thread part and the external thread part which are meshed with each other.
2. The hydraulic fracturing experiment device according to claim 1, wherein strain gauges are attached to two ends of the prefabricated fracture, and clamp extensometers are arranged in the middle and at two ends of the prefabricated fracture.
3. The hydraulic splitting experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the concrete sample is pre-embedded with 6 threaded screws which penetrate up and down along the thickness direction of the concrete sample, 4 high-strength bolts are pre-embedded at two ends of the concrete sample along the length direction of the concrete sample, and the left clamping steel plate and the right clamping steel plate are connected with the concrete sample through the high-strength bolts.
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