CN114577614A - Hydraulic fracture experimental device - Google Patents
Hydraulic fracture experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114577614A CN114577614A CN202210099156.4A CN202210099156A CN114577614A CN 114577614 A CN114577614 A CN 114577614A CN 202210099156 A CN202210099156 A CN 202210099156A CN 114577614 A CN114577614 A CN 114577614A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 11
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- 208000002565 Open Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic fracture experimental device, which comprises two box beams symmetrically arranged with each other, wherein two ends of the box beams are respectively fixed by a fixing beam, a supporting plate is arranged between the two box beams, two ends of the supporting plate are respectively connected with the two box girders through connecting plates, a concrete sample is arranged on the supporting plate, the left and right ends of the concrete sample are respectively provided with a left clamping steel plate and a right clamping steel plate, the back surface of the left clamping steel plate is connected with a tension and pressure sensor through a prefabricated steel bar, the prefabricated steel bar is inserted from a preformed hole on the left box girder to the back of the box girder and is connected with a hydraulic jack, the back surface of the right clamping steel plate is connected with the right box girder through a prefabricated short steel bar, square grooves are symmetrically arranged opposite to each other from top to bottom of the concrete sample, the middle part of each square groove is provided with a prefabricated crack, and the two square grooves are provided with sealing components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete hydraulic fracture tests, and particularly relates to a hydraulic fracture test device.
Background
The hydraulic fracture is a process of coupling the movement of water flow in the gap of rock mass or concrete and the deformation of surrounding solids, and is characterized in that the high-pressure water flow drives the cracks and gaps in the rock mass and the concrete to expand, mutually penetrate and the like. Hydraulic fracture is a physical phenomenon that causes cracks to occur and propagate in rock or concrete due to the increase of water pressure.
The mechanism of the hydraulic concrete splitting is complex, and the hydraulic concrete splitting can be reflected in actual engineering, for example, the concrete dam is influenced by factors such as temperature, construction and concrete shrinkage. Cracks inevitably exist on the surface of the dam body, and the cracks are various in forms, such as: horizontal seams, vertical seams, etc. The conditions under which the cracks are located are also complex, such as: no stress seam, compression seam, tension seam, etc. Due to the limitation of test equipment and a test device, a learner only carries out research on the condition that the precast cracks of the concrete test piece do not penetrate through the thickness direction of the test piece under the axial stress condition, and cannot see the expansion form of the cracks of the tip part of the precast cracks under the action of axial force. And whether the sealing effect around the prefabricated crack is good or not directly influences the test phenomenon and the result.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a hydraulic fracture experimental device which can be used for prefabricating a crack of a test piece into a through crack and developing a concrete I-II compound fracture test under the combined action of water pressure and external force, so that the damage condition of a concrete dam under the action of water pressure can be more accurately simulated, and the crack propagation condition can be effectively observed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a hydraulic fracture experimental device comprises two box beams which are symmetrically arranged, two ends of each box beam are respectively fixed through a fixing beam, a supporting plate is arranged between the two box beams, two ends of the supporting plate are respectively connected with the two box girders through connecting plates, a concrete sample is arranged on the supporting plate, the left and right ends of the concrete sample are respectively provided with a left clamping steel plate and a right clamping steel plate, the back surface of the left clamping steel plate is connected with a tension and pressure sensor through a prefabricated steel bar, the prefabricated steel bar is inserted from a preformed hole on the left box girder to the back of the box girder and is connected with a hydraulic jack, the back surface of the right clamping steel plate is connected with the right box girder through a prefabricated short steel bar, square grooves are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the concrete sample in opposite directions, the middle part of each square groove is provided with a prefabricated crack, and the two square grooves are provided with sealing components.
Preferably, strain gauges are attached to two ends of the prefabricated crack, and clamp type extensometers are arranged in the middle of the prefabricated crack and at two ends of the prefabricated crack.
Preferably, the concrete sample is pre-buried along its thickness direction has 6 screws that link up from top to bottom and have a screw thread, and 4 high strength bolts are respectively pre-buried at the both ends of concrete sample along its length direction, the left side presss from both sides tight steel sheet and the right side presss from both sides tight steel sheet and is connected with the concrete sample through high strength bolt.
Preferably, the sealing assembly comprises a square cover plate and a square sealing ring, the square cover plate is arranged right above the square groove and is connected with the concrete sample through a screw, sealant is filled in a gap between the square cover plate and the concrete sample, a square notch is arranged at the central position of the square cover plate, a square block with the size smaller than that of the square notch is dug out at the middle position of the square notch to form a step-shaped groove, the square sealing ring is arranged in the step-shaped groove, the outer end of the bottom of the square sealing ring vertically extends downwards to form a fixing plate, a fixing groove matched with the fixing plate is arranged on the table top of the step-shaped groove, a connecting plate is formed at the upper end of the inner side of the square sealing ring horizontally and inwards, tempered glass is arranged at the central position of the square sealing ring, and the tempered glass is fixedly connected with the connecting plate through screws, the gap between the connecting plate and the toughened glass is filled with sealant, the toughened glass is provided with a water injection port, and the water injection port is connected with a piston type hydraulic pump through a water injection pipe.
Preferably, be provided with the mounting groove of horizontal direction on the inner wall of square breach on the square apron, be provided with the clamp plate in the mounting groove, the up end of clamp plate is provided with first gear groove, the last lateral wall of mounting groove is provided with the recess of caving in, be provided with first gear in the recess, first gear passes through the center pin and is connected with the both ends inner wall rotation of recess, the clamp plate extrudees square sealing ring when being removed to the mounting groove outside to realize being connected with square sealing ring through the mounting.
Preferably, the fixing part comprises an L-shaped pulling plate, a horizontal groove is formed in the outer side wall of the pressing plate, the horizontal section of the L-shaped pulling plate is arranged in the horizontal groove, a second gear groove is formed in the bottom surface of the horizontal section of the L-shaped pulling plate, an installation cavity is formed in the rear lower portion of the horizontal groove, the horizontal groove is communicated with the installation cavity, a second gear, a worm wheel and a bearing seat are arranged in the installation cavity, the second gear and the worm are arranged on the same rotating shaft, the second gear is meshed with the second gear groove, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, a coaxial installation ring is arranged at the bottom of the worm wheel, the bearing seat is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the installation cavity through bolts, the worm wheel is fixed with an inner ring on the bearing seat through the installation ring through screws, the bearing seat and the worm wheel are both of a hollow structure, an adjusting rod is arranged in the bearing seat, an outer thread portion is arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the adjusting rod, be provided with on the inner wall of worm wheel with external screw thread portion matched with internal thread, installation cavity below has set gradually guiding hole and holding tank, the lower extreme of adjusting the pole runs through bearing frame, guiding hole in proper order and extends to in the holding tank, the outer wall of adjusting the pole lower extreme is provided with a plurality of bar grooves along its circumference, be provided with a plurality of sand grips with bar groove matched with on the guiding hole inner wall, be provided with the stopper in the holding tank, the lower extreme and the stopper fixed connection of pole adjust, square seal ring's up end is provided with the fixed slot with stopper matched with.
Preferably, realize being connected through the internal thread portion and the external screw thread portion that mesh each other between second gear and the worm, the both ends of second gear and worm respectively are provided with the retaining ring, the retaining ring sets up in the pivot, the both ends of pivot respectively with the front and back inner wall connection of installation cavity, the second gear is through the internal thread portion and the external screw thread portion drive worm of meshing each other round the pivot rotation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the concrete sample is embedded with 6 threaded screws which are penetrated up and down and are provided with threads along the thickness direction, 4 high-strength bolts are embedded at two ends of the concrete sample along the length direction of the concrete sample, the prefabricated cracks on the concrete sample penetrate through the thickness direction of the concrete sample, the concrete sample is different from the existing axial tension sample form, the existing axial tension sample adopts single-side prefabricated cracks, the cracks are not penetrated, although the water penetration can be avoided, the interface where the whole cracks are located cannot realize that the real full cross section bears the water pressure, and the penetrating crack sample form adopted by the invention ensures that the whole crack surface can bear the action of uniform water pressure, so that the real crack surface can completely bear the action of the water pressure. Meanwhile, the form of the test piece used by the invention can reduce the thickness of the concrete test piece to a certain extent, thereby reducing the volume of the concrete test piece, and further facilitating the manufacture and research of the test piece.
In order to improve the sealing effect, the invention designs a sealing assembly which comprises a square cover plate and a square sealing ring, wherein the square cover plate is arranged right above a square groove and is connected with a concrete sample through a screw rod, sealant is filled in a gap between the square cover plate and the concrete sample, a square notch is arranged at the central position of the square cover plate, a square block with the size smaller than that of the square notch is dug out at the middle position of the square notch to form a step-shaped groove, the square sealing ring is arranged in the step-shaped groove, the outer end of the bottom of the square sealing ring vertically extends downwards to form a fixed plate, a fixed groove matched with the fixed plate is arranged on the table top of the step-shaped groove, a connecting plate is formed at the upper end of the inner side of the square sealing ring in a horizontally extending inwards mode, tempered glass is arranged at the central position of the square sealing ring, and the tempered glass is fixedly connected with the connecting plate through screws, and sealant is filled in a gap between the connecting plate and the toughened glass. Wherein, square apron is as outer seal structure, and square sealing ring is as inlayer seal structure, forms the sealing line of buckling many times between the inlayer seal structure to improve the leakproofness of square recess, avoid influencing test phenomenon and result. Meanwhile, the toughened glass is used as a sealing structure on the left inner side and is fixedly connected with the connecting plate on the square sealing ring through the bolt, the periphery of the toughened glass is attached to the inner wall of the square sealing ring, the connecting plate is horizontally limited above the connecting plate, and the sealing performance is good.
Secondly, the fixing piece is additionally arranged above the square sealing ring, belongs to one part of the square cover plate, and is used for fixing the square sealing ring in the vertical direction and forming horizontal sealing on an inosculating surface of the outer wall of the square sealing ring and the inner wall of the square cover plate, so that the whole sealing effect is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic fracture experimental apparatus in this embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a hydraulic fracture testing apparatus according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a hydraulic cleaving experimental device in this embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a concrete sample according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a concrete sample in this example;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a square seal ring in the present embodiment;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion A of FIG. 5;
fig. 8 shows an enlarged view of the adjustment lever.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the connection between the second gear and the worm and the rotating shaft in the present embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the worm wheel in this embodiment.
1. A box girder; 2. a fixed beam; 3. a support plate; 4. concrete samples; 401. prefabricating a crack; 5. a square groove; 6. tempering the glass; 601. a water injection port; 7. a square seal ring; 701. a fixing plate; 702. a connecting plate; 8. a square cover plate; 801. mounting grooves; 802. pressing a plate; 8021. a first corrugation groove; 8022. a mounting cavity; 8023. accommodating grooves; 803. a groove; 804. a first gear; 9. clamping the steel plate on the left; 10. clamping the steel plate at the right side; 11. a pull pressure sensor; 12. prefabricating a short steel bar; 13. a hydraulic jack; 14. an L-shaped pulling plate; 1401. a second thread groove; 15. a second gear; 16. a worm; 17. a rotating shaft; 18. a retainer ring; 19. a worm gear; 20. a bearing seat; 21. adjusting a rod; 2101. an external threaded portion; 2102. a strip-shaped groove; 22. a limiting block; 23. and (7) installing a ring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-10, the invention specifically provides a hydraulic fracture experimental device, which comprises two box beams 1 that are symmetrically arranged with each other, two ends of each box beam 1 are respectively fixed by a fixing beam 2, a supporting plate 3 is arranged between the two box beams 1, two ends of the supporting plate 3 are respectively connected with the two box beams 1 by a connecting plate, a concrete sample 4 is arranged on the supporting plate 3, the left and right ends of the concrete sample 4 are respectively provided with a left clamping steel plate 9 and a right clamping steel plate 10, the back surface of the left clamping steel plate 9 is connected with a tension and pressure sensor 11 by a prefabricated steel bar, the prefabricated steel bar is driven out from a preformed hole on the left box beam to the back surface of the box beam 1 and is connected with a hydraulic jack 13, the back surface of the right clamping steel plate 10 is connected with the right box beam by a prefabricated short steel bar 12, square grooves 5 are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the concrete sample 4, the middle part of each square groove 5 is provided with a prefabricated crack 401, and the two square grooves 5 are provided with sealing components.
In this embodiment, the concrete sample 4 is embedded with 6 threaded screws penetrating up and down along the thickness direction thereof, and the two ends of the concrete sample 4 along the length direction thereof are respectively embedded with 4 high-strength bolts. Strain gauges are attached to two ends of the prefabricated crack 401, and clamp type extensometers are arranged in the middle of the prefabricated crack and at the two ends of the prefabricated crack.
In this embodiment, whether the sealing effect is good or not directly affects the test phenomenon and the test result, so the sealing treatment is performed around the preformed crack on the test piece before the test is started, and the sealing manner of the test piece is as follows:
as shown in fig. 5-8, the sealing assembly includes a square cover plate 8 and a square sealing ring 7, the square cover plate 8 is disposed right above the square groove 5 and connected to the concrete sample 4 through a screw, and sealant is filled in a gap between the square cover plate 8 and the concrete sample 4, a square notch is disposed at a central position of the square cover plate 8, a step-shaped groove is formed by cutting out a square block with a size smaller than that of the square notch at a middle position of the square notch, the square sealing ring 7 is disposed in the step-shaped groove, a fixing plate 701 is formed by vertically extending downward an outer end of a bottom of the square sealing ring 7, a fixing groove matched with the fixing plate 701 is disposed on a table top of the step-shaped groove, a connecting plate 702 is formed by horizontally extending inward an upper end of an inner side of the square sealing ring 7, and tempered glass 6 is disposed at a central position of the square sealing ring 7, the toughened glass 6 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 702 through screws, sealant is filled in gaps between the connecting plate 702 and the toughened glass 6, a water injection port 601 is arranged on the toughened glass 6, and the water injection port 601 is connected with the piston type hydraulic pump through a water injection pipe.
Be provided with the mounting groove 801 of horizontal direction on the inner wall of the square breach on the square apron 8, be provided with clamp plate 802 in the mounting groove 801, the up end of clamp plate 802 is provided with first gear groove 8021, the last lateral wall of mounting groove 801 is provided with sunken recess 803, be provided with first gear 804 in the recess 803, first gear 804 rotates through the both ends inner wall of center pin and recess 803 to be connected, clamp plate 802 extrudees square sealing ring 7 when being removed to the mounting groove 801 outside to realize being connected through mounting and square sealing ring 7.
Wherein, square apron 8 is as outer seal structure, and square sealing ring 7 is as inlayer seal structure, forms the sealing line of buckling many times between the inlayer seal structure to improve square groove 5's leakproofness, avoid influencing test phenomenon and result. Meanwhile, the toughened glass 6 is used as a sealing structure on the left inner side and is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 702 on the square sealing ring 7 through bolts, the periphery of the toughened glass 6 is attached to the inner wall of the square sealing ring 7, the connecting plate 702 is horizontally limited above, and the sealing performance is good.
And a fixing piece is additionally arranged above the square sealing ring 7 and belongs to a part of the square cover plate 8, so that the fixing piece is used for fixing the square sealing ring 7 in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the fixing piece is used for forming horizontal sealing on an inosculating surface between the outer wall of the square sealing ring 7 and the inner wall of the square cover plate 8, thereby improving the whole sealing effect. The fixing piece comprises an L-shaped pulling plate 14, a horizontal groove is arranged on the outer side wall of a pressing plate 802, the horizontal section of the L-shaped pulling plate 14 is arranged in the horizontal groove, a second gear groove 1401 is arranged on the bottom surface of the horizontal section of the L-shaped pulling plate 14, an installation cavity 8022 is arranged below the rear part of the horizontal groove, the horizontal groove is communicated with the installation cavity 8022, a second gear 15, a worm 16, a worm wheel 19 and a bearing seat 20 are arranged in the installation cavity 8022, the second gear 15 and the worm 16 are arranged on the same rotating shaft 17, the second gear 15 is meshed with the second gear groove 1401, the worm wheel 19 is meshed with the worm 16, a coaxial installation ring 23 is arranged at the bottom of the worm wheel 19, the bearing seat 20 is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the installation cavity 8022 through a bolt, the worm wheel 19 is fixed with an inner ring on the bearing seat 20 through the installation ring 23 by a screw, and the bearing seat 20 and the worm wheel 19 are both of a hollow structure, be provided with in the bearing frame 20 and adjust pole 21, be provided with external screw thread portion 2101 on adjusting pole 21 upper end outer wall, be provided with on worm wheel 19's the inner wall with external screw thread portion 2101 matched with internal thread, installation cavity 8022 below has set gradually guiding hole and holding tank 8023, the lower extreme of adjusting pole 21 runs through bearing frame 20, guiding hole in proper order and extends to holding tank 8023 in, the outer wall of adjusting the pole 21 lower extreme is provided with a plurality of bar grooves 2102 along its circumference, be provided with a plurality of and bar groove 2102 matched with sand grip on the guiding hole inner wall, be provided with stopper 22 in the holding tank 8023, adjust the lower extreme and stopper 22 fixed connection of pole 21, the up end of square seal ring 7 is provided with the fixed slot with stopper 22 matched with.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the second gear and the worm are connected by an internal thread portion and an external thread portion which are engaged with each other, two ends of the second gear and the worm are respectively provided with a retaining ring, the retaining rings are arranged on a rotating shaft, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the mounting cavity, and the second gear drives the worm to rotate around the rotating shaft by the internal thread portion and the external thread portion which are engaged with each other.
The test process of the invention mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a concrete sample:
a square male die with the size of 300mm multiplied by 300mm is respectively embedded in the middle positions of two surfaces of the inner side of a rectangular die with the size of 900mm multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 200mm, a reserved seam steel sheet is fixed on the surface with the size of 900mm multiplied by 600mm of the rectangular die, and the size of the reserved seam steel sheet is 300mm multiplied by 130mm multiplied by 4 mm; an embedded screw is arranged on the surface of the cuboid mould with the diameter of 900mm multiplied by 600mm in a hole-opening mode. Six threaded screws with the diameter of 12mm and the length of 350mm are inserted into the holes, pre-embedded bolts are erected on the surface of the cuboid mold with the diameter of 600mm multiplied by 200mm, eight threaded bolts 6 with the diameter of 25mm and the length of 300mm are respectively inserted into the holes at the two ends of the cuboid mold, and the pre-embedded bolts are used for exerting axial force at the two ends. And finally, pouring a concrete test piece.
(2) The measuring instrument is arranged: the application of axial force and water pressure is realized through the hydraulic pump, the control of axial force and water pressure is realized through combining axial force sensor, high accuracy manometer and direct action type overflow valve, prefabricated crack both ends need paste foil gage and press from both sides formula extensometer, in order to paste the effect better, need polish around initial crack 2 and level. Clamp-type extensometers are arranged at the two end parts and the middle part of the prefabricated crack, and strain gauges are adhered to the two end parts of the prefabricated crack; in addition, lead wires for connecting the strain gauge and the clip type extensometer are led out and coated and filled with epoxy resin glue, so that the test can have the effects of water insulation and insulation. And then fixing the sealing cover plate through a screw, respectively arranging clamping steel plates at two ends of the concrete sample, fixing the concrete sample through a pre-embedded screw bolt in the horizontal direction, applying axial force to the clamping steel plates during loading, filling water into the prefabricated crack through a water injection hole in the cover plate during testing, and finally pressurizing through a hydraulic jack to complete the hydraulic fracture process of the concrete sample.
(3) And (3) in the aspect of test collection: in the test process, the axial force can convert the strain produced by the axial force into a voltage signal through the load sensor and output the voltage signal to the data acquisition instrument so as to obtain an axial force value; the strain of the end part of the crack measured by the strain gauge can be collected by a dynamic strain system, and the dynamic strain system is an existing dynamic strain gauge; the seam width and seam tip displacement values of the initial crack measured by the clip-type extensometer in the expansion process can be collected and reflected on a curve in a coordinate system through a low-speed signal acquisition system connected to a computer, and then the result is obtained through analysis.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalent changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A hydraulic fracture experimental device is characterized by comprising two box girders which are symmetrically arranged, wherein two ends of each box girder are respectively fixed through fixing beams, a supporting plate is arranged between the two box girders, two ends of the supporting plate are respectively connected with the two box girders through connecting plates, a concrete sample is arranged on the supporting plate, a left clamping steel plate and a right clamping steel plate are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the concrete sample, the back surface of the left clamping steel plate is connected with a tension pressure sensor through a prefabricated steel bar, the prefabricated steel bar is ejected out from a preformed hole on the left box girder to the back surface of the box girder and is connected with a hydraulic jack, the back surface of the right clamping steel plate is connected with the right box girder through a prefabricated short steel bar, square grooves are symmetrically arranged from top to bottom to face on the concrete sample, and a prefabricated crack is arranged in the middle part of each square groove, and sealing components are arranged on the two square grooves.
2. The hydraulic fracture experimental device according to claim 1, wherein strain gauges are attached to two ends of the prefabricated fracture, and clamp-type extensometers are arranged in the middle of the prefabricated fracture and at the two ends of the prefabricated fracture.
3. The hydraulic splitting experimental device according to claim 1, wherein 6 threaded screws which are through from top to bottom are embedded in the concrete sample along the thickness direction of the concrete sample, 4 high-strength bolts are embedded in each of two ends of the concrete sample along the length direction of the concrete sample, and the left clamping steel plate and the right clamping steel plate are connected with the concrete sample through the high-strength bolts.
4. The hydraulic fracture experimental device according to claim 3, wherein the sealing assembly comprises a square cover plate and a square sealing ring, the square cover plate is disposed right above the square groove and connected with the concrete sample through a screw, a gap between the square cover plate and the concrete sample is filled with a sealant, a square notch is disposed at a central position of the square cover plate, a square block with a size smaller than that of the square notch is cut at a middle position of the square notch to form a step-shaped groove, the square sealing ring is disposed in the step-shaped groove, the outer end of the bottom of the square sealing ring extends vertically downwards to form a fixing plate, a fixing groove matched with the fixing plate is disposed on a table surface of the step-shaped groove, a connecting plate is formed at the upper end of the inner side of the square sealing ring and extends horizontally inwards, and tempered glass is disposed at the central position of the square sealing ring, the toughened glass is fixedly connected with the connecting plate through screws, sealant is filled in gaps between the connecting plate and the toughened glass, a water injection port is arranged on the toughened glass, and the water injection port is connected with the piston type hydraulic pump through a water injection pipe.
5. The hydraulic fracture experimental device according to claim 4, wherein a horizontal mounting groove is formed in an inner wall of the square notch of the square cover plate, a pressing plate is arranged in the mounting groove, a first gear groove is formed in an upper end face of the pressing plate, an invaginated groove is formed in an upper side wall of the mounting groove, a first gear is arranged in the groove, the first gear is rotatably connected with inner walls of two ends of the groove through a central shaft, the pressing plate presses the square sealing ring when being moved to the outer side of the mounting groove, and the pressing plate is connected with the square sealing ring through a fixing piece.
6. The hydraulic fracture experimental device according to claim 5, wherein the fixing member comprises an L-shaped pulling plate, a horizontal groove is formed in the outer side wall of the pressing plate, the horizontal section of the L-shaped pulling plate is arranged in the horizontal groove, a second gear groove is formed in the bottom surface of the horizontal section of the L-shaped pulling plate, an installation cavity is formed in the rear lower portion of the horizontal groove, the horizontal groove is communicated with the installation cavity, a second gear, a worm wheel and a bearing seat are arranged in the installation cavity, the second gear and the worm are arranged on the same rotating shaft, the second gear is meshed with the second gear groove, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, a coaxial installation ring is arranged at the bottom of the worm wheel, the bearing seat is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the installation cavity through a bolt, the worm wheel is fixed with an inner ring on the bearing seat through the installation ring through a screw, and the bearing seat and the worm wheel are both hollow structures, be provided with the regulation pole in the bearing frame, be provided with external screw thread portion on the outer wall of regulation pole upper end, be provided with on the inner wall of worm wheel with external screw thread portion matched with internal thread, the installation cavity below has set gradually guiding hole and holding tank, the lower extreme of adjusting the pole runs through bearing frame, guiding hole in proper order and extends to in the holding tank, the outer wall of adjusting the pole lower extreme is provided with a plurality of bar grooves along its circumference, be provided with a plurality ofly on the guiding hole inner wall and bar groove matched with sand grip, be provided with the stopper in the holding tank, the lower extreme and the stopper fixed connection of adjusting the pole, square sealing ring's up end is provided with the fixed slot with stopper matched with.
7. The hydraulic fracture experimental device according to claim 6, wherein the second gear and the worm are connected by an internal thread portion and an external thread portion which are engaged with each other, two ends of the second gear and the worm are respectively provided with a retaining ring, the retaining rings are arranged on a rotating shaft, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the installation cavity, and the second gear drives the worm to rotate around the rotating shaft by the internal thread portion and the external thread portion which are engaged with each other.
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