CN114576996A - Ultra-short-distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace and positioning smelting method - Google Patents
Ultra-short-distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace and positioning smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012369 In process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010965 in-process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/20—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of non-metallic ore smelting production, in particular to an ultra-short distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace and a non-metallic ore positioning smelting method. The electric arc furnace comprises: the device comprises an electrode lifting device, an electrode, a power supply ultra-short net, a power supply, an electrode holder, a distributing device, a furnace cover, a lifting furnace bottom, an inner furnace liner, a heat preservation outer furnace body, a smelting furnace trolley, a hydraulic lifting device, a trolley track, a hydraulic device bottom platform, smelting furnace trolley wheels, a smelting positioner, a lifting tray hole and a material supplementing positioner, wherein a hydraulic lifting tray is arranged, and a smelting finished product falls dynamically to realize positioning smelting; the reduction of the smelting furnace chamber, the full-closed smelting and the adjustable temperature of the smelting furnace are realized through the combination and the lifting of the heat-insulating double furnace bodies; the limitation of the lifting amplitude of the electrode is realized by the micro-lifting operation process of the electrode, the ultra-short distance power supply and the electrode shortening are achieved, the furnace temperature is effectively increased, the furnace condition is improved, the smelting efficiency is improved, the product quality is improved, the energy is greatly saved, the consumption is reduced, and the electrode is closed and environment-friendly.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of non-metallic ore smelting production, in particular to an ultra-short distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace and a non-metallic ore positioning smelting method.
Background art:
at present, a non-metal ore smelting electric arc furnace is a smelting mode that an electrode is lifted upwards from the smelting of the furnace bottom, and belongs to ultra-high temperature smelting. The main facilities include transformer, power supply copper stranded wire (large braid), conductive large arm, electrode holder, electrode lifting system, etc. The disadvantages are as follows: (1) the length of the furnace entering electrode is long; (2) the power supply copper stranded wire and the large conductive arm which rise and fall along with the electrode lead the power supply distance to be too far, thus causing the problems of large resistance, magnetic loss, low power factor, high energy consumption and the like; (3) the upper part of the furnace cover is provided with a complex and inconvenient automatic material distribution system; (4) the related facilities of the smelting furnace are more, the consumption of copper materials is large, and the equipment investment is high; (5) the smelting process has unstable furnace conditions and large process variation range, and the furnace condition environment cannot be adjusted.
The problem of large-size ultra-short network power supply cannot be solved no matter a transformer power supply is adopted to be close to a furnace body or a large arm is improved, and due to the fact that the electrode is too long, energy consumption is increased, stability of a furnace and an ore is affected, production accidents are caused due to frequent breakage of the electrode, and the electrode is inconvenient to install.
The invention content is as follows:
in view of the above problems, the present invention provides an ultra-short distance power supply, closed twin-body lifting arc furnace and a non-metallic ore positioning smelting method, the arc furnace has a reasonable structure, can position and smelt, can slightly lift and accurately control the arc current arc voltage change, forms a short distance smelting field, improves the product quality, and reduces the energy consumption.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ultra short distance powered, enclosed twin-mass, elevating electric arc furnace comprising: electrode elevating gear (1), electrode (2), power supply ultrashort net (3), power (4), electrode holder (5), distributing device (6), bell (7), lift stove bottom (8), inner furnace (9), heat preservation outer furnace body (10), smelting pot platform truck (11), hydraulic pressure elevating gear (12), platform truck track (13), hydraulic means bottom (14), smelting pot platform truck wheel (15), smelt locator (16), lift tray (17), lift tray hole (18), feed supplement locator (19), concrete structure is as follows:
the furnace body is of a double-furnace-body structure combining an inner furnace (9) and a heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), the furnace body is characterized in that the inner furnace (9) is positioned on the inner side of the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10) and is coaxial with the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), a heat-preservation heat-insulation cavity is formed between the inner furnace (9) and the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), an electric smelting chamber is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner furnace (9), a furnace cover (7) is installed at the top of the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), a material distribution device (6) is installed at the top of the furnace cover (7), three electrodes (2) are vertically inserted into the furnace cover (7), the upper end of each electrode (2) is connected with an electrode lifting device (1), and the lower end of each electrode (2) extends into the inner furnace (9); each electrode (2) is sleeved with an electrode holder (5), and the electrode holders (5) are connected with a power supply (4) through a power supply ultra-short network (3);
a lifting furnace bottom (8) is horizontally arranged in an inner furnace (9), a hydraulic device bottom table (14) corresponding to the lifting furnace bottom (8) is arranged below the furnace body, a hydraulic lifting device (12) is arranged on the hydraulic device bottom table (14), a lifting tray (17) at the upper end of the hydraulic lifting device (12) corresponds to the bottom of the lifting furnace bottom (8), the hydraulic lifting device (12) drives the lifting furnace bottom (8) to move up and down through the lifting tray (17), and the side surface of the lifting furnace bottom (8) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the inner furnace (9) in sealing contact; a material supplementing positioner (19) and a smelting positioner (16) are arranged on the upper part of the inner wall of the inner furnace (9), the material supplementing positioner (19) and the smelting positioner (16) are arranged up and down, the material supplementing positioner (19) corresponds to the upper limit of the distribution of non-metal ores, and the smelting positioner (16) corresponds to the position of the lifting furnace bottom (8) during smelting;
the furnace body is arranged on the furnace trolley (11), four furnace trolley wheels (15) arranged at the bottom of the furnace trolley (11) are matched with the two trolley rails (13), and the furnace body is driven to move by the furnace trolley (11); the melting furnace trolley (11) is of a hollow structure, a lifting tray hole (18) corresponding to the lifting tray (17) is formed in the melting furnace trolley, and the hydraulic lifting device (12) drives the lifting tray (17) to descend and move out of the furnace body as required;
a pit is arranged below the melting furnace trolley (11), the lifting tray (17) is lowered to the position below the ground below the melting furnace trolley (11), and after melting is finished, the upper furnace body of the melting furnace trolley (11) is transferred along the trolley track (13).
The electric arc furnace with the ultra-short distance power supply and the closed double-body lifting type is characterized in that an inner furnace (9) is of a grid structure, and a heat-preservation outer furnace body (10) is formed by compounding refractory heat-preservation bricks and steel plates.
The electrode lifting device (1) is a steel wire rope driving device, and the electrode (2) is controlled to slightly lift through the electrode lifting device (1) so as to accurately control the arc current and arc voltage changes.
The ultra-short distance power supply and closed double-body lifting electric arc furnace adopts a flexible power supply mode that a power supply ultra-short net (3) is a power supply copper stranded wire or soft connecting material, an electrode holder (5) is an electrode copper tile hoop, and a power supply and an electrode are directly connected with the electrode holder (5) by the power supply copper stranded wire or the soft connecting material in a approaching straight line.
The ultra-short distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace is characterized in that the furnace cover (7) is a closed furnace cover, the material distribution device (6) is of a pipeline type material distribution structure, and pipeline type material distribution exhaust holes and electrode holes are formed in the furnace cover (7).
The electric arc furnace with the ultra-short distance power supply and the closed double-body lifting type is characterized in that a hydraulic rod is adopted by a hydraulic lifting device (12), the lifting furnace bottom (8) is lifted up and down along the inner edge of an inner furnace (9), and the lower part of the lifting furnace bottom (8) is driven and supported by the hydraulic rod.
The positioning smelting method of the ultrashort distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace comprises the following specific steps of:
1) starting hydraulic lifting, lifting the lifting furnace bottom (8) to the position of a smelting positioner (16) through a hydraulic lifting device (12), lowering an electrode (2) to a bottom material layer position 5-30 cm above the lifting furnace bottom (8), and laying arc striking materials;
2) the material is automatically distributed to the inner furnace (9) through the material distribution device (6), the material is distributed to the position of the material supplementing positioner (19), the power supply (4) is started to initiate arc melting and raise the temperature to 2800-3200 ℃ to form a molten pool, the lifting furnace bottom (8) supports a belt molten product to descend according to working conditions, the molten layer position is fixed and unchanged, the material distribution device (6) automatically supplements the material and uniformly distributes the material according to the working conditions, and the material layer is kept positioned;
3) the electrode lifting device (1) can slightly lift the electrode (2) according to working conditions, and arc flow arc voltage can be accurately controlled through automatic micro-lifting smelting of the electrode;
4) the process method is operated, the smelting is carried out for 7 to 10 hours, and the lifting furnace bottom (8) is lowered to the bottom of the furnace trolley (11) through a hydraulic lifting tray (17); and (3) starting the furnace trolley (11) to discharge, moving the furnace body and the molten weight through the furnace trolley (11), cooling and crystallizing for 7-10 days to room temperature, and removing shells, crushing and screening to obtain the finished fused magnesia.
According to the positioning smelting method of the ultra-short distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace, a smelting positioner and a material supplementing positioner are installed on an inner furnace (9), the position of a smelting field and the material distribution and material supplementing quantity are accurately controlled, the production process is accurate and controllable, ultra-short distance electrode smelting is realized through positioning smelting, and the electrode length of the electric arc furnace is shortened by one third to two thirds.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the production method realizes the positioned smelting by arranging the hydraulic lifting tray and dynamically dropping the smelted finished product according to the working condition; the technology of reducing the smelting furnace chamber, fully-closed smelting and adjusting the temperature of the smelting furnace is realized by combining and lifting the heat-insulating double furnace bodies; the limitation of the lifting amplitude of the electrode is realized by the micro-lifting operation process of the electrode, so that ultra-short distance power supply and electrode shortening are achieved; high-valued and intensive processes are realized through accurate positioning and intelligent control operation. Therefore, the invention has the obvious effects of improving and optimizing the process, greatly saving energy, reducing consumption, improving the product quality, eliminating accident risk, saving investment cost, being closed and environment-friendly and the like.
2. The invention has simple structure, convenient operation and strong practicability and is suitable for smelting different non-metallic mineral aggregates.
3. The positioning smelting method provided by the invention focuses on optimizing the smelting process, realizes great energy conservation from the smelting method to equipment, and reduces equipment investment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the embodiments and the drawings that need to be used in the description of the prior art.
FIG. 1: the invention discloses a schematic structural diagram of an ultrashort-distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace.
The reference numbers in fig. 1 denote: (1) an electrode lifting device; (2) an electrode; (3) a power supply ultra-short network; (4) a power source; (5) an electrode holder; (6) a material distribution device; (7) a furnace cover; (8) lifting the furnace bottom; (9) an inner furnace; (10) a heat-preserving outer furnace body; (11) a furnace trolley; (12) a hydraulic lifting device; (13) a trolley rail; (14) a hydraulic device base; (15) furnace trolley wheels; (16) a smelting positioner; (17) lifting the tray; (18) lifting a tray hole; (19) a feeding positioner.
FIG. 2: the invention relates to a process flow chart of a non-metal mineral aggregate (fused magnesia produced by magnesite) positioned smelting production process.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an electric arc furnace with ultra-short distance power supply and closed twin-body elevating type, which mainly comprises: electrode elevating gear (1), electrode (2), power supply ultrashort net (3), power (4), electrode holder (5), distributing device (6), bell (7), lift stove bottom (8), interior stove courage (9), heat preservation outer furnace body (10), smelting pot platform truck (11), hydraulic pressure elevating gear (12), platform truck track (13), hydraulic means bottom platform (14), smelting pot platform truck wheel (15), smelt locator (16), lift tray (17), lift tray hole (18), feed supplement locator (19) etc. specifically the structure is as follows:
the furnace body is of a double-furnace-body structure combining an inner furnace (9) and a heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), the furnace body is characterized in that the inner furnace (9) is positioned on the inner side of the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10) and is coaxial with the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), a heat-preservation and heat-insulation cavity is formed between the inner furnace (9) and the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), an electric smelting magnesium chamber is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner furnace (9), a furnace cover (7) is installed at the top of the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), a material distribution device (6) is installed at the top of the furnace cover (7), three electrodes (2) are vertically inserted into the furnace cover (7), the upper end of each electrode (2) is connected with an electrode lifting device (1), and the lower end of each electrode (2) extends into the inner furnace (9); each electrode (2) is sleeved with an electrode holder (5), and the electrode holders (5) are connected with a power supply (4) through a power supply ultra-short network (3).
The inner furnace (9) is of a grid structure, so that radiant heat can overflow outwards, and the double-circulation echelon heat energy utilization function is realized. The heat-insulating outer furnace body (10) is formed by compounding refractory heat-insulating bricks and steel plates, and can effectively control the furnace temperature. The furnace temperature is efficiently regulated and controlled by matching with closed material distribution through a double-furnace body gap and a thermal circulation device according to process requirements. The electrode lifting device (1) is a steel wire rope or a similar driving device, the electrode (2) is controlled to slightly lift through the electrode lifting device (1), the arc flow arc voltage change can be accurately controlled, the electrode slightly lifts according to working conditions during smelting, the distance of electrode loss is compensated, and the melting position is kept unchanged. The power supply ultra-short net (3) is made of power supply copper stranded wires or soft connecting materials, the electrode holder (5) is an electrode copper tile hoop, a power supply and an electrode are directly made of the power supply copper stranded wires or the soft connecting materials and approach to a straight line, the flexible power supply mode of the electrode holder (5) is directly connected, the heavy conductive big arm connecting mode is cancelled, the ultra-short distance power supply method and the furnace cover top simple layout mode are achieved, the impedance is small, the magnetic loss is small, the efficiency is greatly improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the investment is reduced. The furnace cover (7) is a closed furnace cover, the material distribution device (6) is of a pipeline type material distribution structure, and pipeline type material distribution exhaust holes and electrode holes are formed in the furnace cover (7), so that closed smelting is realized, smelting working conditions are optimized, material distribution is timely and uniformly carried out, and the furnace cover is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The horizontal setting in inner furnace pipe (9) goes up and down stove bottom (8), the below of furnace body sets up hydraulic means base (14) corresponding with lift stove bottom (8), install hydraulic pressure elevating gear (12) on hydraulic means base (14), lift tray (17) of hydraulic pressure elevating gear (12) upper end are corresponding with lift stove bottom (8) bottom, hydraulic pressure elevating gear (12) drive lift stove bottom (8) through lift tray (17) and reciprocate, lift stove bottom (8) side is sealing contact's sliding fit with the inner wall of inner furnace pipe (9). The upper part of the inner wall of the inner furnace (9) is provided with a material supplementing positioner (19) and a smelting positioner (16), the material supplementing positioner (19) and the smelting positioner (16) are arranged up and down, the material supplementing positioner (19) corresponds to the upper limit of the distribution of non-metal ores, and the smelting positioner (16) corresponds to the position of the lifting furnace bottom (8) during smelting.
The hydraulic lifting device (12) adopts a hydraulic rod, the lifting furnace bottom (8) can lift up and down along the inner edge of the inner furnace (9), the lower part of the lifting furnace bottom (8) is driven and supported by the hydraulic rod, the position of a smelting field can be positioned, namely, the position of a molten pool is controlled according to working conditions, a smelted finished product descends timely, the smelting field is always kept at the upper part of the furnace body, and the positioned smelting method is realized.
The furnace body is arranged on a furnace trolley (11), four furnace trolley wheels (15) arranged at the bottom of the furnace trolley (11) are matched with two trolley rails (13), and the furnace body is driven to move by the furnace trolley (11). The melting furnace trolley (11) is of a hollow structure, a lifting tray hole (18) corresponding to the lifting tray (17) is formed in the melting furnace trolley, and the hydraulic lifting device (12) drives the lifting tray (17) to descend and move out of the furnace body as required. A pit is arranged below the melting furnace trolley (11), the lifting tray (17) can be lowered to the position below the ground below the melting furnace trolley (11), and after the melting is finished, the upper furnace body of the melting furnace trolley (11) is transferred along the trolley track (13).
The following technical solutions are disclosed in order to solve the above problems, and the embodiments are only used for explaining the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 2, the non-metal mineral aggregate (fused magnesite produced from magnesite) is produced by positioned smelting with the following steps:
1) starting hydraulic lifting, lifting the lifting furnace bottom (8) to the position of a smelting positioner (16) through a hydraulic lifting device (12), lowering the electrode (2) to the position of a backing material layer 5-30 cm above the lifting furnace bottom (8), and laying arc striking materials.
2) The material is automatically distributed to the inner furnace pipe (9) through the material distribution device (6), the material is distributed to the position of the material supplementing positioner (19), the power supply (4) is started to perform arc striking, smelting temperature is increased to 2800-3200 ℃, a molten pool is formed, the lifting furnace bottom (8) supports a belt melting finished product to slowly descend according to working conditions, the melting layer position is fixed and unchanged, the material distribution device (6) automatically supplements and uniformly distributes materials according to the working conditions, and a material layer is kept positioned.
The smelting positioner (16) and the material supplementing positioner (19) are installed on the inner furnace (9), so that the smelting site position and the material distributing and material supplementing quantity can be accurately controlled, the production process is accurate and controllable, and the required process optimization and promotion requirements can be met. In addition, the ultrashort distance electrode smelting is realized through the positioning smelting, the electrode length of the large-scale electric arc furnace with a higher body position is shortened by one third to two thirds, the risk of breaking the electrode is overcome, the exposed length of the electrode under the thermal condition is reduced, the electrode loss rate is reduced, the furnace and the ore are stable, the electrode is convenient to install, and the labor intensity is reduced.
3) The electrode lifting device (1) can slightly lift the electrode (2) according to working conditions, and arc flow arc voltage can be accurately controlled through automatic micro-lifting smelting of the electrode.
4) The process is operated according to the process method, the smelting is carried out for 7 to 10 hours, and the lifting furnace bottom (8) is lowered to the bottom of the furnace trolley (11) through a hydraulic lifting tray (17). And (3) starting the furnace trolley (11) to discharge, moving the furnace body and the molten weight through the furnace trolley (11), cooling and crystallizing for 7-10 days to room temperature, and removing shells, crushing and screening to obtain the finished fused magnesia.
The results of the embodiment show that the invention effectively increases the furnace temperature, improves the furnace condition, improves the smelting efficiency, improves the product quality, greatly saves energy, reduces consumption, is closed and environment-friendly, and is suitable for the electrode hot melting smelting of all non-metal mineral aggregate electric arc furnaces, including but not limited to the production of fused magnesia by magnesite raw materials.
The invention adopts an ultra-short distance power supply and closed double-body lifting electric arc furnace to carry out positioned smelting on different non-metal ores, and has differences in process control, power supply distance and furnace body form, but any method, equipment and process similar to the positioned smelting method, equipment and process of the non-metal ores belong to the protection scope of the right of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An ultra-short distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace is characterized by comprising: electrode elevating gear (1), electrode (2), power supply ultrashort net (3), power (4), electrode holder (5), distributing device (6), bell (7), lift stove bottom (8), inner furnace (9), heat preservation outer furnace body (10), smelting pot platform truck (11), hydraulic pressure elevating gear (12), platform truck track (13), hydraulic means bottom (14), smelting pot platform truck wheel (15), smelt locator (16), lift tray (17), lift tray hole (18), feed supplement locator (19), concrete structure is as follows:
the furnace body is of a double-furnace-body structure combining an inner furnace (9) and a heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), the furnace body is characterized in that the inner furnace (9) is positioned on the inner side of the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10) and is coaxial with the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), a heat-preservation and heat-insulation cavity is formed between the inner furnace (9) and the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), an electric smelting magnesium chamber is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner furnace (9), a furnace cover (7) is installed at the top of the heat-preservation outer furnace body (10), a material distribution device (6) is installed at the top of the furnace cover (7), three electrodes (2) are vertically inserted into the furnace cover (7), the upper end of each electrode (2) is connected with an electrode lifting device (1), and the lower end of each electrode (2) extends into the inner furnace (9); each electrode (2) is sleeved with an electrode holder (5), and the electrode holders (5) are connected with a power supply (4) through a power supply ultra-short network (3);
a lifting furnace bottom (8) is horizontally arranged in an inner furnace (9), a hydraulic device bottom table (14) corresponding to the lifting furnace bottom (8) is arranged below the furnace body, a hydraulic lifting device (12) is arranged on the hydraulic device bottom table (14), a lifting tray (17) at the upper end of the hydraulic lifting device (12) corresponds to the bottom of the lifting furnace bottom (8), the hydraulic lifting device (12) drives the lifting furnace bottom (8) to move up and down through the lifting tray (17), and the side surface of the lifting furnace bottom (8) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the inner furnace (9) in sealing contact; a material supplementing positioner (19) and a smelting positioner (16) are arranged on the upper part of the inner wall of the inner furnace (9), the material supplementing positioner (19) and the smelting positioner (16) are arranged up and down, the material supplementing positioner (19) corresponds to the upper limit of the distribution of non-metal ores, and the smelting positioner (16) corresponds to the position of the lifting furnace bottom (8) during smelting;
the furnace body is arranged on a furnace trolley (11), four furnace trolley wheels (15) arranged at the bottom of the furnace trolley (11) are matched with two trolley rails (13), and the furnace body is driven to move by the furnace trolley (11); the melting furnace trolley (11) is of a hollow structure, a lifting tray hole (18) corresponding to the lifting tray (17) is formed in the melting furnace trolley, and the hydraulic lifting device (12) drives the lifting tray (17) to descend and move out of the furnace body as required;
a pit is arranged below the melting furnace trolley (11), the lifting tray (17) is lowered to the position below the ground below the melting furnace trolley (11), and after melting is finished, the upper furnace body of the melting furnace trolley (11) is transferred along the trolley track (13).
2. The ultra-short distance power supply closed double-body lifting electric arc furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner furnace (9) is of a grid structure, and the heat-insulating outer furnace body (10) is formed by compounding refractory heat-insulating bricks and steel plates.
3. The ultra-short distance power supply closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrode lifting device (1) is a wire rope driving device, and the electrode (2) is controlled to be lifted slightly by the electrode lifting device (1) so as to accurately control the arc current and arc voltage changes.
4. The ultra-short distance power supply closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power supply ultra-short net (3) is a power supply copper stranded wire or a soft connection material, the electrode holder (5) is an electrode copper tile hoop, and the power supply and the electrode are directly connected with the flexible power supply mode of the electrode holder (5) by the power supply copper stranded wire or the soft connection material approaching a straight line.
5. The ultra-short distance power supply closed two-body lifting electric arc furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furnace cover (7) is a closed furnace cover, the material distribution device (6) is a pipe type material distribution structure, and the furnace cover (7) is provided with a pipe type material distribution exhaust hole and an electrode hole.
6. The ultra-short distance power supply closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydraulic lifting device (12) adopts a hydraulic rod, the lifting furnace bottom (8) is lifted up and down along the inner edge of the inner furnace (9), and the lower part of the lifting furnace bottom (8) is supported by the hydraulic rod in a driving way.
7. The method for positioned smelting of the ultra-short distance power supply closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) starting hydraulic lifting, lifting the lifting furnace bottom (8) to the position of a smelting positioner (16) through a hydraulic lifting device (12), lowering an electrode (2) to a position of a backing material layer 5-30 cm above the lifting furnace bottom (8), and laying an arc striking material;
2) the material is automatically distributed to the inner furnace (9) through the material distribution device (6), the material is distributed to the position of the material supplementing positioner (19), the power supply (4) is started to initiate arc melting and raise the temperature to 2800-3200 ℃ to form a molten pool, the lifting furnace bottom (8) supports a belt molten product to descend according to working conditions, the molten layer position is fixed and unchanged, the material distribution device (6) automatically supplements the material and uniformly distributes the material according to the working conditions, and the material layer is kept positioned;
3) the electrode lifting device (1) can slightly lift the electrode (2) according to working conditions, and arc flow arc voltage can be accurately controlled through automatic micro-lifting smelting of the electrode;
4) the process method is operated, the smelting is carried out for 7 to 10 hours, and the lifting furnace bottom (8) is lowered to the bottom of the furnace trolley (11) through a hydraulic lifting tray (17); and (3) starting the furnace trolley (11) to discharge, moving the furnace body and the molten weight through the furnace trolley (11), cooling and crystallizing for 7-10 days to room temperature, and removing shells, crushing and screening to obtain the finished fused magnesia.
8. The location smelting method of the ultra-short distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the inner furnace (9) is provided with a smelting locator and a material supplementing locator, the position of a smelting field and the material distribution and material supplementing quantity are accurately controlled, the production process is accurately controllable, and the ultra-short distance electrode smelting is realized through location smelting, so that the electrode length of the electric arc furnace is shortened by one third to two thirds.
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| CN202210203824.3A CN114576996A (en) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | Ultra-short-distance power supply and closed double-body lifting type electric arc furnace and positioning smelting method |
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