CN114575954B - Rocker arm mechanism - Google Patents
Rocker arm mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114575954B CN114575954B CN202210324728.4A CN202210324728A CN114575954B CN 114575954 B CN114575954 B CN 114575954B CN 202210324728 A CN202210324728 A CN 202210324728A CN 114575954 B CN114575954 B CN 114575954B
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- rocker arm
- lock pin
- arm body
- driving
- rocker
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 74
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
- F01L1/182—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft
- F01L1/183—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft of the boat type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/06—Cutting-out cylinders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention discloses a rocker arm mechanism, which relates to the technical field of engines and comprises a first rocker arm body, a second rocker arm body, a rocker arm shaft and a locking assembly; the locking component comprises a lock pin and a lock pin spring; the rocker arm shaft is provided with a control oil duct for controlling the compression state of the lock pin spring; the two rocker arm bodies are rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft through respective mounting holes; the lock pin spring is arranged in the spring hole; the spring hole is communicated with the outside through the emptying hole; the lock pin is installed in the first lock pin hole or the second lock pin hole: when the two rocker arm bodies are in contact with the switching limiting surface, the relative position of the two rocker arm bodies is a switchable position, the two locking pin holes are aligned and form a locking channel, and the locking pin can move in the locking channel; when the switching limiting surfaces of the two rocker arm bodies are not contacted, the relative positions of the two rocker arm bodies are non-switchable, the two lock pin holes are not aligned, a locking channel cannot be formed, and the lock pin can only be completely positioned in the corresponding lock pin hole. A variable rocker arm mechanism is provided by the arrangement of the present invention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to an engine rocker arm.
Background
The increasingly serious energy and environmental problems become global big problems, and the technology including cylinder deactivation, internal EGR and the like can effectively improve the performance of the engine, and has great significance in the aspects of energy conservation and emission reduction. The engine cylinder deactivation technology can improve the fuel economy and the exhaust temperature by stopping part of cylinders to work under the low load of a driving mode and improving the load rate of working cylinders, and the latter can improve the post-treatment efficiency so as to realize energy conservation and emission reduction of the engine. In the engine starting and warming-up stage, the internal EGR technology is adopted to accelerate the increase of the temperature of the exhaust gas and the inside of the cylinder, improve the combustion efficiency and stability of the engine, shorten the time required for the post-processing device to start working, and further realize energy conservation and emission reduction of the engine. Similarly, under low load conditions, internal EGR techniques may be employed to improve engine performance in low temperature combustion modes, in high latent heat of vaporization fuels, and the like. The improvement of the safety of the vehicle is also a big problem which is concerned about the whole world, and the engine braking technology has the advantages of no heat fading problem (namely, the long-acting braking efficiency is not reduced), small volume, low weight, low cost and the like, and becomes a necessary braking technology for vehicles such as medium and heavy goods vehicles. The four-stroke braking technology has the highest braking performance in the current application field; the two-stroke braking technology can further improve the braking power and the reliability of parts and components, and is being popularized. In addition, the operation of part of cylinders is stopped under the small load of the braking mode, the staged braking of the vehicle can be realized, and various requirements of different carrying capacities, road conditions and the like in the complex and changeable operation process are met. The above-mentioned techniques all require providing different intake/exhaust valve lift curves under different engine operating conditions, and thus various types of variable valve actuation devices have been developed.
The variable valve driving device currently in practical use is mainly used for a double overhead camshaft engine having independent intake and exhaust camshafts. The flexible and variable effects according to the valve operation parameters are divided into: three main categories, VVT, VVL and CVVL. Neither VVT nor CVVL can achieve engine cylinder deactivation and braking. Because the intake and exhaust valves have very different phasing requirements, VVT cannot be used for engines with in-line intake and exhaust cams. VVLs are difficult to use in an under-camshaft engine due to space layout issues. The conventional mechanical CVVL requires VVT matching for use, and thus cannot be used for an engine with intake and exhaust cams coaxial. The master-slave piston type CVVL has the problems of poor valve running consistency, extremely difficult calibration and the like.
In order to realize the variable valve operating events required by the technologies of engine cylinder deactivation, internal EGR, braking and the like, especially on an engine with an intake cam and an exhaust cam which are coaxial and an engine with a bottom camshaft, development of a completely new variable valve driving device is needed. The variable valve driving device is required to meet various requirements such as the operational reliability of the device in addition to the requirements of the valve operation flexibility. Comprising the following steps: with the increasing strictness of energy conservation and emission reduction requirements, the high supercharging small discharge of the engine becomes necessary, and the valve mechanism design must meet the compact design requirements, otherwise, the valve mechanism cannot be put into practical use; the requirements of the original machine body, the cylinder cover, the transmission mechanism from the crankshaft to the camshaft (namely, the position of the camshaft is unchanged) and the like are not changed as much as possible, and the original machine valve mechanism parts are required to be adopted as much as possible, so that the low-cost upgrading requirement is met; finally, with the increasing demands of energy conservation and emission reduction (for vehicles such as medium and heavy goods vehicles and the like, braking safety is also required to be ensured) on the aspect of flexible operation of the valve, the demands are that good compatibility is realized among valve actuating mechanism parts with various variable valve functions so as to meet the variable operation of the engine valve and meet the compact design requirement of the engine.
In this regard, the present invention proposes a variable rocker mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a rocker arm mechanism.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rocker arm mechanism comprises a first rocker arm body, a second rocker arm body, a rocker arm shaft and a locking assembly;
the first rocker arm body is provided with a first lock pin hole, a spring hole, an emptying hole, a first matching surface, a first mounting hole and a first rocker arm body switching limiting surface;
the second rocker arm body is provided with a second lock pin hole, a second matching surface, a second mounting hole and a second rocker arm body switching limiting surface;
the rocker arm shaft is provided with a control oil duct for controlling the compression state of the lock pin spring;
the locking assembly comprises a lock pin and a lock pin spring;
the first rocker arm body is rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft through a first mounting hole;
the second rocker arm body is rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft through a second mounting hole;
the lock pin spring is arranged in the spring hole;
the spring hole is communicated with the outside through the emptying hole;
the locking pin is installed in the first locking pin hole or the second locking pin hole:
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface is contacted with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface, the relative positions of the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are switchable positions, the first locking pin hole is aligned with the second locking pin hole and forms a locking channel, and the locking pin can move in the locking channel;
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface is not contacted with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface, the relative positions of the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are non-switchable, the first lock pin hole and the second lock pin hole are not aligned and cannot form a locking channel, and the lock pin can only be completely positioned in the corresponding lock pin hole.
Further, the rocker arm mechanism is a normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin is arranged in the first lock pin hole, the lock pin is directly contacted with the lock pin spring, and the lock pin is matched with the first lock pin hole in a matching way; when the control oil duct is communicated with high-pressure oil, the lock pin is completely positioned in the first rocker arm body, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin; when the control oil duct is communicated with the low-pressure oil, the lock pin is positioned in the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body at the same time, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked by the lock pin.
Further, the rocker arm mechanism is a normally open rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin is arranged in the second lock pin hole, the lock pin is in contact with the lock pin spring directly or through a spring cap, and the lock pin is matched with the second lock pin hole in an even piece; when the control oil duct is communicated with low-pressure oil, the lock pin is completely positioned in the second rocker arm body, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin; when the control oil duct is communicated with the high-pressure oil, the lock pin is positioned in the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body at the same time, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked by the lock pin.
Furthermore, the matching part of the lock pin and the corresponding lock pin hole adopts a cylinder structure.
Furthermore, a lock pin locking limit surface is additionally arranged on the lock pin;
when the mounting hole of the lock pin is the first lock pin hole, a second rocker arm body locking limiting surface is correspondingly arranged on the second lock pin hole;
when the mounting hole of the lock pin is the second lock pin hole, a first rocker arm body locking limiting surface is correspondingly arranged on the first lock pin hole.
Furthermore, a first rocker arm body working limiting surface is additionally arranged on the first rocker arm body, and a second rocker arm body working limiting surface is additionally arranged on the second rocker arm body; when the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin, the first rocker arm body working limiting surface and the second rocker arm body working limiting surface limit the relative swinging quantity of the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body.
Furthermore, a lock pin limiting surface is additionally arranged on the first rocker arm body; the limiting displacement of the lock pin when the lock pin compresses the lock pin spring is limited by the lock pin limiting surface.
Further, a lubrication oil passage is provided on the rocker shaft.
Further, the first mounting holes are matched with the corresponding surfaces of the rocker shafts and are finish machining surfaces; the second mounting holes are matched with the corresponding surfaces of the rocker shafts and are finish machining surfaces.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The oil pressure of the control oil duct is changed through a two-position three-way valve, so that the switching of whether the variable rocker arm mechanism is locked or not can be realized; by adjusting the mounting position of the lock pin, the engine can be used for variable valve operation events required by the technologies of engine driving, cylinder deactivation, internal EGR, braking and the like; the switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the half-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the switch type normally-open rocker arm mechanism and the half-switch type normally-open rocker arm mechanism are independently used and matched, so that various matching of various engine operation modes can be realized, and the switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the half-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism and the half-switch type normally-open rocker arm mechanism can be used for engines in different application fields.
(2) On the one hand, the two rocker arm bodies take the rocker arm shafts as fixed rotating shafts, and the two rocker arm bodies can be straight rocker arms or bent rocker arms, so that the arrangement requirements of various engines can be met, and the problems that the rocker arm bodies fall abnormally and the like easily when the ball-hinged bent rocker arms are adopted at high speed of the engines are solved. On the other hand, the arrangement mode of the locking assembly (namely, the axial directions of the lock pin and the lock pin spring are basically consistent with the radial direction of the rocker shaft), so that the problem that the operation state of the lock pin is not influenced by the stress from the transmission ends of the two rocker arms in the whole process of locking, switching and locking is ensured, abnormal switching is avoided, and the problem of poor consistency of valve operation is avoided.
(3) The arrangement mode of the locking assembly (namely, the axial directions of the lock pin and the lock pin spring are basically consistent with the radial direction of the rocker shaft), the lock pin stroke is ensured to be irrelevant to the maximum cam stroke, and the lock pin stroke is minimized, so that the lock pin and the lock pin spring with the smallest size can be adopted, the structural size of the whole device is minimized, and the requirement of installation on a compact engine is met.
(4) The rocker arm mechanism can be used as a whole to achieve the similar overall dimension with the traditional rocker arm body, the function of the engine variable valve operation can be achieved by directly replacing the original engine variable rocker arm with the rocker arm mechanism and the like, the application range is wide (whether an overhead camshaft engine or a bottom camshaft engine is used, whether an air intake camshaft engine or an air exhaust camshaft engine is used or a coaxial engine is used), and good compatibility is achieved between the rocker arm mechanism and the valve mechanism parts for achieving other variable valve functions, for example, the original engine variable rocker arm is replaced with the rocker arm mechanism of the invention on various VVT, VVL, CVVL mechanisms and the like, and the new variable valve function can be added.
(5) The variable rocker arm mechanism has the advantages of low cost (simple structure and low processing difficulty) and low cost upgrading.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a normally locked rocker arm mechanism in embodiment 2;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a normally open rocker arm mechanism in embodiment 4;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a normally locked rocker arm mechanism in embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a normally locked rocker arm mechanism with a locking limit surface;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a normally open rocker arm mechanism having a locking limit surface;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first rocker arm body in a normally locked rocker arm mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first rocker body in a normally open rocker mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second rocker arm body in a normally locked rocker arm mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second rocker arm body in a normally open rocker arm mechanism;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a construction of an application example employing a rocker arm mechanism.
In the figure: 1. a first rocker arm body; 1A, a first locking pin hole; 1B, spring holes; 1B1, a normally open spring hole; 1B2, spring cap holes; 1C, exhaust holes; 1D, a first transmission end; 1E, a first matching surface; 1F, a first mounting hole; 1G, a lock pin limiting surface; 1X, a first rocker arm body switching limiting surface; 1Y, a first rocker arm body working limiting surface; 1Z, a first rocker arm body locking limiting surface;
2. a second rocker arm body; 2A, a second locking pin hole; 2D, the second driving end; 2E, a second matching surface; 2F, a second mounting hole; 2X, a second rocker arm body switching limiting surface; 2Y, a second rocker arm body working limit surface; 2Z, a second rocker arm body locking limit surface;
3. a rocker shaft; 3A, a normal lock control oil duct; 3B, a normally open control oil duct; 3C, a lubricating oil duct; 3D, avoiding the groove;
4. a locking pin; 4Z, locking the limiting surface by the lock pin;
5. a lock pin spring; 6, preparing a base material; a spring cap; 7. a limit rod;
PQ, exhaust driven rocker arm mechanism; PZ, exhaust brake rocker arm mechanism; JZ, intake brake rocker mechanism; JQ, intake drive rocker mechanism; TLZ, camshaft.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It should be noted that: the rocker arm mechanism refers to the rocker arm mechanism provided by the invention, and comprises, but is not limited to, a driving rocker arm used for intake or exhaust, a braking rocker arm, a driving braking common rocker arm and the like, so as to provide rocker arms meeting different application scenes and various purposes of an engine.
Referring to FIGS. 1-10
Example 1:
the rocker arm mechanism comprises a first rocker arm body 1, a second rocker arm body 2, a rocker arm shaft 3 and a locking assembly;
the first rocker arm body 1 is provided with a first lock pin hole 1A, a spring hole, an emptying hole 1C, a first transmission end 1D, a first matching surface 1E, a first mounting hole 1F and a first rocker arm body switching limiting surface 1X;
the second rocker arm body 2 is provided with a second lock pin hole 2A, a second transmission end 2D, a second matching surface 2E, a second mounting hole 2F and a second rocker arm body switching limiting surface 2X;
the rocker shaft 3 is provided with a control oil duct;
the locking assembly comprises at least a lock pin 4 and a lock pin spring 5;
the first rocker arm body 1 and the rocker arm shaft 3 form an axial hinging relationship through a first mounting hole 1F, and the first mounting hole 1F is matched with the corresponding surface of the rocker arm shaft 3 and is a finished surface; the second rocker arm body 2 and the rocker arm shaft 3 form an axial hinging relationship through a second mounting hole 2F, and the second mounting hole 2F is matched with the corresponding surface of the rocker arm shaft 3 and is a finish machining surface;
the lock pin spring 5 is arranged in the spring hole;
the spring hole is communicated with the outside through the emptying hole 1C;
the lock pin 4 is installed in the first lock pin hole 1A or the second lock pin hole 2A:
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface 1X is contacted with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface 2X, the relative positions of the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are switchable positions, the first locking pin hole 1A is aligned with the second locking pin hole 2A and forms a locking channel, and the locking pin 4 can move in the locking channel; when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface 1X is not contacted with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface 2X, the relative positions of the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are non-switchable positions, the first lock pin hole 1A is not aligned with the second lock pin hole 2A, a locking channel cannot be formed, and the lock pin 4 can only be completely positioned in the mounting hole;
in other preferred embodiments, the rocker shaft 3 is provided with a lubrication oil passage.
Example 2 (switching type normally locked rocker arm mechanism):
in combination with the above description of embodiment 1, the rocker arm mechanism is a normally locked rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin 4 is disposed in the first lock pin hole 1A, the lock pin 4 is directly contacted with the lock pin spring 5, and the lock pin 4 is matched with the first lock pin hole 1A as an even piece;
when the control oil duct is communicated with the high-pressure oil, the lock pin 4 is completely positioned in the first rocker arm body 1, and the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are not locked by the lock pin 4; when the control oil duct is communicated with the low-pressure oil, the lock pin 4 is positioned in the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 at the same time, and the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are locked by the lock pin 4;
in other preferred embodiments, the location of the locking pin 4 that mates with its mounting hole is cylindrical in configuration.
In other preferred embodiments, a locking pin locking limit surface 4Z may be additionally arranged on the locking pin 4, and a second rocker arm locking limit surface 2Z is correspondingly arranged on the second locking pin hole 2A;
in other preferred embodiments, the rocker shaft 3 is provided with a lubrication oil passage;
specifically, the principle is as follows: for the switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, when a control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, a lock pin completely enters a first rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and a second rocker arm body move independently, and a cam cannot drive a valve; when the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, the lock pin is inserted into the lock pin hole in the second rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked into a whole by the lock pin, and the cam drives the valve to move.
Example 3 (half-switch normally locked rocker arm mechanism):
the difference from the above embodiment 2 is that the first rocker arm body 1 is provided with a first rocker arm body working limit surface 1Y, and the second rocker arm body 2 is provided with a second rocker arm body working limit surface 2Y; when the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are not locked by the lock pin 4, the first rocker arm body work limiting surface 1Y and the second rocker arm body work limiting surface 2Y limit the relative swinging amount of the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2.
Specifically, the working principle is as follows: for the half-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, when a control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, a lock pin completely enters a first rocker arm body, and before a working limiting block on the first rocker arm body and a working limiting block on a second rocker arm body are contacted, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body move independently, and a cam cannot drive a valve; after the working limiting blocks on the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are contacted, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body operate together, and the cam drives the valve to move. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, the lock pin is inserted into the second rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked into a whole by the lock pin, and the cam always drives the valve to move.
In order to distinguish, according to whether the first rocker arm body 1 is additionally provided with a first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y and whether the second rocker arm body 2 is correspondingly additionally provided with a second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y, the rocker arm mechanisms are divided into two types of switch type and half switch type: the first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y is additionally arranged on the first rocker arm body 1, and the rocker arm mechanism with the second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y correspondingly arranged on the second rocker arm body 2 is called a switch type; the rocker arm mechanism which is not provided with the working limit surface of the rocker arm body is called a switch type. Therefore, fig. 1 is a switching type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, fig. 2 is a switching type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, fig. 3 is a half-switching type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, and a rocker arm body working limit surface is additionally arranged on two rocker arm bodies on the basis of the half-switching type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism.
Example 4 (switch normally open rocker arm mechanism):
in combination with the above description of embodiment 1, the rocker arm mechanism is a normally open rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin 4 is disposed in the second lock pin hole 2A, the lock pin 4 is in contact with the lock pin spring 5 directly or through the spring cap 6, and the lock pin 4 is matched with the second lock pin hole 2A as an even piece;
when the control oil duct is communicated with the low-pressure oil, the lock pin 4 is completely positioned in the second rocker arm body 2, and the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are not locked by the lock pin 4; when the control oil duct is communicated with the high-pressure oil, the lock pin 4 is positioned in the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 at the same time, and the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are locked by the lock pin 4.
In other preferred embodiments, the location of the locking pin 4 that mates with its mounting hole is cylindrical in configuration.
In other preferred embodiments, a locking pin locking limit surface 4Z may be additionally provided on the locking pin 4, and a first rocker arm locking limit surface 1Z is correspondingly provided on the first locking pin hole 1A.
Specifically, the working principle is as follows: for the switch type normally open rocker arm mechanism, when a control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, a lock pin completely enters a second rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body move independently, and a cam cannot drive a valve; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the lock pin is inserted into the lock pin hole in the first rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked into a whole by the lock pin, and the cam drives the valve to move.
Example 5 (half-switch normally open rocker arm mechanism):
the difference from the above embodiment 4 is that the first rocker arm body 1 is provided with a first rocker arm body working limit surface 1Y and the second rocker arm body 2 is provided with a second rocker arm body working limit surface 2Y; when the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are not locked by the lock pin 4, the first rocker arm body work limiting surface 1Y and the second rocker arm body work limiting surface 2Y limit the relative swinging amount of the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2.
Specifically, the working principle is as follows: for the half-switch normally open rocker arm mechanism, when a control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, a lock pin completely enters a first rocker arm body, and before a working limiting block on the first rocker arm body and a working limiting block on a second rocker arm body are contacted, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body move independently, and a cam cannot drive a valve; after the working limiting blocks on the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are contacted, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body operate together, and the cam drives the valve to move. When the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the lock pin is inserted into the lock pin hole in the first rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked into a whole by the lock pin, and the cam always drives the valve to move.
It should be noted that: the driving ends of the two rocker arm bodies in the invention determine the structure type, the size and the like of the rocker arm bodies according to the conditions of other parts of the engine gas distribution device. The valve can be used for various valve distribution devices such as cam-tappet-push rod-rocker-valve (or valve bridge-valve), cam-rocker-valve (or valve bridge-valve) and the like. The first rocker arm body switching limiting surface 1X, the first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y, the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface 2X, the second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y and the like can be obtained by directly processing the corresponding rocker arm body, and can also be fixed on the corresponding rocker arm body.
Application example:
the intake driving rocker arm and/or the exhaust driving rocker arm adopts a switch type constant lock rocker arm mechanism. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, a driving mode is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, a cylinder stopping mode is realized. When only the air inlet driving rocker arm adopts a switch type constant lock rocker arm mechanism and the exhaust driving rocker arm adopts an original engine invariable rocker arm, only the air inlet valve is closed in the cylinder deactivation mode. When only the exhaust driving rocker arm adopts a switch type constant lock rocker arm mechanism and the intake driving rocker arm adopts an original engine invariable rocker arm, only the exhaust valve is closed in the cylinder deactivation mode. When the air inlet driving rocker arm and the air outlet driving rocker arm are both adopting the switch type constant lock rocker arm mechanism, the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are both closed in the cylinder-stopping mode.
The air inlet driving rocker arm and/or the exhaust driving rocker arm adopt a half-switch type constant lock rocker arm mechanism, and the corresponding air inlet driving cam and/or exhaust driving cam are provided with a main bulge and an EGR bulge. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, the main bulge and the EGR bulge both drive corresponding valves, so that internal EGR is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, only one part of the main bulge drives the corresponding valve, so that EGR-free operation is realized. Internal EGR may be achieved under engine start and low load conditions.
The intake driving rocker arm and/or the exhaust driving rocker arm adopts a half-switch normally open rocker arm mechanism, and the corresponding intake driving cam and/or exhaust driving cam are provided with a main bulge and an EGR bulge. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, only one part of the main bulge drives the corresponding valve, so that EGR-free operation is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the main bulge and the EGR bulge both drive corresponding valves, so that internal EGR is realized. Internal EGR cannot be realized when the engine is started, and can only be realized under the working condition after the oil pressure is established.
The air inlet driving rocker arm adopts an original machine invariable rocker arm, the exhaust driving braking common rocker arm adopts a half-switch normally open rocker arm mechanism, and the exhaust driving braking common cam adopts a driving protrusion and a braking protrusion. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, only one part of the driving protrusion of the exhaust driving braking common cam drives the exhaust valve, so that a driving mode is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the exhaust gas drives the driving protrusion and the braking protrusion of the braking common cam to drive the exhaust valve, so that a braking mode is realized.
The air inlet driving braking shared rocker arm adopts a half-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the exhaust driving braking shared rocker arm adopts a half-switch type normally-open rocker arm mechanism, and the exhaust driving braking shared cam is provided with a driving protrusion and a braking protrusion. When all the control oil channels are connected with low-pressure oil, the bulge of the air inlet driving braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, and only one part of the air outlet driving braking common cam drives the bulge to drive the air outlet valve, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil channels are connected with high-pressure oil, only part of the protrusions of the air inlet driving braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, and the driving protrusions of the air exhaust driving braking common cam and the braking protrusions all drive the air outlet valve, so that a braking mode is realized.
The air inlet driving braking common rocker arm adopts a half-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the exhaust driving rocker arm adopts a switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, and the exhaust braking rocker arm adopts a switch type normally-open rocker arm mechanism. When all the control oil channels are connected with low-pressure oil, the bulge of the air inlet driving braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, the exhaust driving cam drives the exhaust valve, and the exhaust braking cam can not drive the exhaust valve, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil channels are connected with high-pressure oil, only part of the protrusions of the air inlet driving braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, the exhaust driving cam can not drive the exhaust valve, and the exhaust braking cam drives the exhaust valve, so that a braking mode is realized.
The air inlet driving rocker arm and the exhaust driving rocker arm are both switch-type normally-locked rocker arm mechanisms, and the air inlet braking rocker arm and the exhaust braking rocker arm are both switch-type normally-opened rocker arm mechanisms. When all the control oil channels are connected with low-pressure oil, the air inlet driving cam and the air outlet driving cam respectively drive the corresponding air inlet and outlet valves, and the air inlet braking cam and the air outlet braking cam do not act, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil channels are connected with high-pressure oil, the air inlet driving cam and the air outlet driving cam do not work, and the air inlet braking cam and the air outlet braking cam respectively drive the corresponding air inlet valve and the corresponding air outlet valve to realize a braking mode. When the control oil channels of the air inlet driving rocker arm and the air outlet driving rocker arm are connected with high-pressure oil and the control oil channels of the air inlet braking rocker arm and the air outlet braking rocker arm are connected with low-pressure oil, the air inlet driving cam, the air outlet driving cam, the air inlet braking cam and the air outlet braking cam do not work, so that a cylinder stopping mode is realized. Fig. 10 shows a schematic structure of the present application example.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. The rocker arm mechanism is characterized by comprising a first rocker arm body (1), a second rocker arm body (2), a rocker arm shaft (3) and a locking assembly;
the first rocker arm body (1) is provided with a first lock pin hole (1A), a spring hole, an emptying hole (1C), a first matching surface (1E), a first mounting hole (1F) and a first rocker arm body switching limiting surface (1X);
a second lock pin hole (2A), a second matching surface (2E), a second mounting hole (2F) and a second rocker arm body switching limiting surface (2X) are arranged on the second rocker arm body (2);
a control oil duct is arranged on the rocker arm shaft (3) and is used for controlling the compression state of the lock pin spring;
the locking assembly comprises a lock pin (4) and a lock pin spring (5);
the first rocker arm body (1) is rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft (3) through a first mounting hole (1F);
the second rocker arm body (2) is rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft (3) through a second mounting hole (2F);
the lock pin spring (5) is arranged in the spring hole;
the spring hole is communicated with the outside through the emptying hole (1C);
the lock pin (4) is arranged in the first lock pin hole (1A) or the second lock pin hole (2A):
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface (1X) is in contact with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface (2X), the relative positions of the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) are switchable positions, the first locking pin hole (1A) is aligned with the second locking pin hole (2A) and forms a locking channel, and the locking pin (4) can move in the locking channel;
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface (1X) is not contacted with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface (2X), the relative positions of the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) are non-switchable positions, the first lock pin hole (1A) is not aligned with the second lock pin hole (2A) and cannot form a locking channel, and the lock pin (4) can only be completely positioned in the corresponding lock pin hole;
the first type is a normal lock rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin (4) is arranged in the first lock pin hole (1A), the lock pin (4) is directly contacted with the lock pin spring (5), and the lock pin (4) and the first lock pin hole (1A) are matched as a matching part; when the control oil duct is communicated with high-pressure oil, the lock pin (4) is completely positioned in the first rocker arm body (1), and the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) are not locked by the lock pin (4); when the control oil duct is communicated with low-pressure oil, the lock pin (4) is positioned in the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) at the same time, and the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) are locked by the lock pin (4);
one of the rocker arm mechanisms is a switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, a lock pin is arranged in a first lock pin hole, the lock pin is directly contacted with a lock pin spring, and the lock pin is matched with the first lock pin hole in an even piece; when the control oil duct is communicated with the high-pressure oil, the lock pin is completely positioned in the first rocker arm body, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin; when the control oil duct is communicated with the low-pressure oil, the lock pin is positioned in the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body at the same time, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked by the lock pin;
one of the rocker arm mechanisms is a half-switch type normal lock rocker arm mechanism, and is different from the switch type normal lock rocker arm mechanism in that a first rocker arm body working limit surface is additionally arranged on a first rocker arm body, and a second rocker arm body working limit surface is additionally arranged on a second rocker arm body; when the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin, the first rocker arm body working limiting surface and the second rocker arm body working limiting surface limit the relative swing of the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body;
the second type is a normally open rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin (4) is arranged in the second lock pin hole (2A), the lock pin (4) is in contact with the lock pin spring (5) directly or through a spring cap (6), and the lock pin (4) and the second lock pin hole (2A) are matched as a matching part; when the control oil duct is communicated with low-pressure oil, the lock pin (4) is completely positioned in the second rocker arm body (2), and the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) are not locked by the lock pin (4); when the control oil duct is communicated with high-pressure oil, the lock pin (4) is positioned in the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) at the same time, and the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) are locked by the lock pin (4);
one of the rocker arm mechanisms is a switch type normally open rocker arm mechanism, a lock pin is arranged in a second lock pin hole, the lock pin is in spring contact with the lock pin directly or through a spring cap, and the lock pin is matched with the second lock pin hole in an even piece; when the control oil duct is communicated with the low-pressure oil, the lock pin is completely positioned in the second rocker arm body, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin; when the control oil duct is communicated with the high-pressure oil, the lock pin is positioned in the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body at the same time, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked by the lock pin;
one of them, the rocker arm mechanism is a half-switch type normally open rocker arm mechanism: the first rocker arm body is additionally provided with a first rocker arm body working limit surface, and the second rocker arm body is additionally provided with a second rocker arm body working limit surface; when the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin, the first rocker arm body working limiting surface and the second rocker arm body working limiting surface limit the relative swinging quantity of the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body.
2. A rocker mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the location of the detent (4) in engagement with its corresponding detent hole is of cylindrical configuration.
3. A rocker arm mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a locking pin locking limit surface (4Z) is additionally provided on the locking pin (4);
when the mounting hole of the lock pin (4) is the first lock pin hole (1A), a second rocker arm body locking limit surface (2Z) is correspondingly arranged on the second lock pin hole (2A);
when the mounting hole of the lock pin (4) is the second lock pin hole (2A), a first rocker arm body locking limiting surface (1Z) is correspondingly arranged on the first lock pin hole (1A).
4. The rocker mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a first rocker body working limit surface (1Y) is additionally arranged on the first rocker body (1), and a second rocker body working limit surface (2Y) is additionally arranged on the second rocker body (2); when the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) are not locked by the lock pin (4), the first rocker arm body working limiting surface (1Y) and the second rocker arm body working limiting surface (2Y) limit the relative swinging quantity of the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2).
5. A rocker arm mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a lock pin limit surface (1G) is added to the first rocker arm body (1); the limiting displacement of the lock pin (4) when compressing the lock pin spring (5) is limited by the lock pin limiting surface (1G).
6. A rocker arm mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the rocker shaft (3) is provided with a lubrication oil channel.
7. A rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the first mounting holes (1F) cooperate with the corresponding surfaces of the rocker shaft (3) and are both finished surfaces; the second mounting holes (2F) are matched with the corresponding surfaces of the rocker shafts (3) and are finish machining surfaces.
8. A rocker arm mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the intake and/or exhaust driving rocker arms are of a half-switch normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, and the respective intake and/or exhaust driving cams have a main lobe and an EGR lobe; when the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, the main bulge and the EGR bulge both drive corresponding valves, so that internal EGR is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, only one part of the main bulge drives the corresponding valve, so that EGR-free operation is realized.
9. A rocker arm mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the intake and/or exhaust driven rocker arms are normally open rocker arms of a half-switch type, the respective intake and/or exhaust driven cams having a main lobe and an EGR lobe; when the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, only one part of the main bulge drives the corresponding valve, so that EGR-free operation is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the main bulge and the EGR bulge both drive corresponding valves, so that internal EGR is realized.
10. The rocker arm mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the intake driving rocker arm is an original machine-invariant rocker arm, the exhaust driving brake common rocker arm is a half-switch normally open rocker arm mechanism, and the exhaust driving brake common cam is provided with a driving protrusion and a brake protrusion; when the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, only one part of the driving protrusion of the exhaust driving braking common cam drives the exhaust valve, so that a driving mode is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the exhaust gas drives the driving protrusion and the braking protrusion of the braking common cam to drive the exhaust valve, so that a braking mode is realized.
11. The rocker arm mechanism of claim 1 wherein the air intake actuated brake common rocker arm is a half-switch normally-locked rocker arm mechanism and the exhaust actuated brake common rocker arm is a half-switch normally-open rocker arm mechanism, the exhaust actuated brake common cam having a drive lobe and a brake lobe; when all the control oil channels are connected with low-pressure oil, the bulge of the air inlet driving braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, and only one part of the air outlet driving braking common cam drives the bulge to drive the air outlet valve, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil channels are connected with high-pressure oil, only part of the protrusions of the air inlet driving braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, and the driving protrusions of the air exhaust driving braking common cam and the braking protrusions all drive the air outlet valve, so that a braking mode is realized.
12. The rocker arm mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the intake driving brake common rocker arm is a half-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the exhaust driving rocker arm is a switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, and the exhaust brake rocker arm is a switch type normally-open rocker arm mechanism; when all the control oil channels are connected with low-pressure oil, the bulge of the air inlet driving braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, the exhaust driving cam drives the exhaust valve, and the exhaust braking cam can not drive the exhaust valve, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil channels are connected with high-pressure oil, only part of the protrusions of the air inlet driving braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, the exhaust driving cam can not drive the exhaust valve, and the exhaust braking cam drives the exhaust valve, so that a braking mode is realized.
13. The rocker arm mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the intake driving rocker arm and the exhaust driving rocker arm are both a switch-type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, and the intake brake rocker arm and the exhaust brake rocker arm are both switch-type normally-open rocker arm mechanisms; when all the control oil channels are connected with low-pressure oil, the air inlet driving cam and the air outlet driving cam respectively drive the corresponding air inlet and outlet valves, and the air inlet braking cam and the air outlet braking cam do not act, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil channels are connected with high-pressure oil, the air inlet driving cam and the air outlet driving cam do not work, and the air inlet braking cam and the air outlet braking cam respectively drive the corresponding air inlet valve and the corresponding air outlet valve to realize a braking mode; when the control oil channels of the air inlet driving rocker arm and the air outlet driving rocker arm are connected with high-pressure oil and the control oil channels of the air inlet braking rocker arm and the air outlet braking rocker arm are connected with low-pressure oil, the air inlet driving cam, the air outlet driving cam, the air inlet braking cam and the air outlet braking cam do not work, so that a cylinder stopping mode is realized.
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| CN104373170A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-02-25 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | Valve stroke control compression bar |
| CN107109969A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2017-08-29 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Mechanical clearance for changeable roller rocker arms is controlled |
| US10054014B1 (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-21 | Delphi Technologies Ip Limited | Latching arrangement for switchable rocker arm |
| CN109441584A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of VVL rocker arm locking structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9926816B2 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2018-03-27 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Switchable rocker arm with pivot joint |
| US9976493B2 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-05-22 | Schaoffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Switchable rocker arm with reduced coupling assembly loads |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104373170A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-02-25 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | Valve stroke control compression bar |
| CN107109969A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2017-08-29 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Mechanical clearance for changeable roller rocker arms is controlled |
| US10054014B1 (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-21 | Delphi Technologies Ip Limited | Latching arrangement for switchable rocker arm |
| CN109441584A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of VVL rocker arm locking structure |
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