CN114575954A - Rocker arm mechanism - Google Patents
Rocker arm mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114575954A CN114575954A CN202210324728.4A CN202210324728A CN114575954A CN 114575954 A CN114575954 A CN 114575954A CN 202210324728 A CN202210324728 A CN 202210324728A CN 114575954 A CN114575954 A CN 114575954A
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- rocker arm
- lock pin
- rocker
- arm body
- hole
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
- F01L1/182—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft
- F01L1/183—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft of the boat type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/06—Cutting-out cylinders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention discloses a rocker arm mechanism, which relates to the technical field of engines and comprises a first rocker arm body, a second rocker arm body, a rocker arm shaft and a locking assembly; the locking assembly comprises a lock pin and a lock pin spring; the rocker arm shaft is provided with a control oil passage for controlling the compression state of the lock pin spring; the two rocker arm bodies are rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft through respective mounting holes; the lock pin spring is arranged in the spring hole; the spring hole is communicated with the outside through the emptying hole; the lock pin is arranged in the first lock pin hole or the second lock pin hole: when the two rocker arm bodies are in contact with the switching limiting surfaces, the relative positions of the two rocker arm bodies are switchable positions, the two lock pin holes are aligned to form a locking channel, and the lock pins can move in the locking channel; when the two rocker arm bodies are switched without contacting the limiting surfaces, the relative positions of the two rocker arm bodies are non-switchable positions, the two lock pin holes are not aligned and cannot form a locking channel, and the lock pins can only be completely positioned in the corresponding lock pin holes. A variable rocker mechanism is provided by the arrangement of the present invention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to an engine rocker arm.
Background
Increasingly serious energy and environmental problems become global problems, the performance of the engine can be effectively improved by adopting technologies such as cylinder deactivation and internal EGR, and the method has great significance in energy conservation and emission reduction. The engine cylinder stopping technology can improve the load rate of the working cylinder by stopping part of cylinders under the low load of the driving mode, can realize the improvement of fuel economy and exhaust temperature, and can improve the post-treatment efficiency so as to realize the energy conservation and emission reduction of the engine. In the starting and warming-up stages of the engine, the internal EGR technology is adopted, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas in the cylinder can be increased, the combustion efficiency and stability of the engine are improved, the time required for the post-processing device to start working is shortened, and the energy conservation and emission reduction of the engine can be realized. Similarly, under low load conditions, internal EGR technology may be used to improve engine performance using low temperature combustion, using high latent heat of vaporization fuel, and the like. The improvement of vehicle safety is also a big problem of global attention, and the engine braking technology has the advantages of no heat fading (i.e. the long-acting braking efficiency is not reduced), small volume, low weight, low cost and the like, and becomes a necessary braking technology for vehicles such as medium and heavy trucks and the like. The four-stroke brake technology has the highest brake performance in the current application field; the two-stroke brake technology can further improve the brake power and the reliability of parts, and is being popularized. In addition, the brake mode stops part of cylinders under a small load, so that the graded braking of the vehicle can be realized, and various requirements in complex and changeable running processes of different load capacities, road conditions and the like are met. The technology needs to provide different intake/exhaust valve lift curves under different working conditions of engine operation, so that various variable valve driving devices are produced at the same time.
The variable valve driving apparatus that is currently put to practical use is mainly used for a dual overhead camshaft engine having independent intake and exhaust camshafts. The flexible and variable effects according to the valve operation parameters are as follows: VVT, VVL and CVVL. Neither VVT nor CVVL can achieve engine cylinder deactivation and braking functions. Because the intake and exhaust valves require very different phasing, VVT cannot be used in engines with coaxial intake and exhaust cams. VVL is difficult to use in bottom mounted camshaft engines due to space layout issues. The conventional mechanical CVVL requires VVT matching for use, and therefore cannot be used for an engine in which intake and exhaust cams are coaxial. The master-slave piston type CVVL has the problems of poor valve operation consistency, extremely difficult calibration and the like.
In order to realize the variable valve operating events required by technologies such as engine cylinder deactivation, internal EGR, braking and the like, particularly on engines with coaxial intake and exhaust cams and bottom-mounted camshaft engines, a set of brand new variable valve driving devices needs to be developed. The variable valve driving device needs to meet various requirements such as the operational reliability of the device besides the requirement of the degree of flexibility of the valve operation. The method comprises the following steps: along with the increasingly strict requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction, the high supercharging and small displacement of the engine become necessary, the design of the valve train must meet the compact design requirement, otherwise, the valve train cannot be put into practical use; the requirements of a machine body, a cylinder cover, a transmission mechanism from a crankshaft to a camshaft of the original machine (namely, the position of the camshaft is unchanged) and the like are not changed as much as possible, and parts of the valve actuating mechanism of the original machine are adopted as much as possible, so that the requirement of low-cost upgrading is met; finally, with the increasing requirements on the flexibility of valve operation in terms of energy conservation and emission reduction (for vehicles such as medium and heavy trucks, braking safety needs to be guaranteed), the valve mechanism parts for realizing various variable valve functions are required to have good compatibility to meet the requirement of compact design of the engine while meeting the variable operation of the engine valve.
In view of this, the present invention provides a variable rocker arm mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a rocker arm mechanism.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rocker arm mechanism comprises a first rocker arm body, a second rocker arm body, a rocker arm shaft and a locking assembly;
the first rocker arm body is provided with a first lock pin hole, a spring hole, an emptying hole, a first matching surface, a first mounting hole and a first rocker arm body switching limiting surface;
the second rocker arm body is provided with a second lock pin hole, a second matching surface, a second mounting hole and a second rocker arm body switching limiting surface;
the rocker arm shaft is provided with a control oil passage for controlling the compression state of the lock pin spring;
the locking assembly comprises a lock pin and a lock pin spring;
the first rocker arm body is rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft through a first mounting hole;
the second rocker arm body is rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft through a second mounting hole;
the lock pin spring is arranged in the spring hole;
the spring hole is communicated with the outside through the emptying hole;
the lock pin is installed in the first lock pin hole or the second lock pin hole:
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface is in contact with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface, the relative position of the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body is a switchable position, the first lock pin hole is aligned with the second lock pin hole and forms a lock channel, and the lock pin can move in the lock channel;
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface is not in contact with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface, the relative position of the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body is a non-switchable position, the first lock pin hole is not aligned with the second lock pin hole and cannot form a locking channel, and the lock pin can only be completely positioned in the corresponding lock pin hole.
Further, the rocker arm mechanism is a normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin is arranged in the first lock pin hole, the lock pin is directly contacted with the lock pin spring, and the lock pin is matched with the first lock pin hole through a matching part; when the control oil passage is communicated with high-pressure oil, the lock pin is completely positioned in the first rocker arm body, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin; when the control oil duct is communicated with low-pressure oil, the lock pin is located in the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body at the same time, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked by the lock pin.
Further, the rocker mechanism is a normally open rocker mechanism, the lock pin is arranged in the second lock pin hole, the lock pin is directly contacted with the lock pin spring or through a spring cap, and the lock pin is matched with the second lock pin hole through a matching part; when the control oil passage is communicated with low-pressure oil, the lock pin is completely positioned in the second rocker arm body, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the lock pin; when the control oil passage is communicated with high-pressure oil, the lock pin is simultaneously positioned in the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body, and the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked by the lock pin.
Furthermore, the part of the lock pin matched with the corresponding lock pin hole is of a cylindrical structure.
Furthermore, a lock pin locking limiting surface is additionally arranged on the lock pin;
when the mounting hole of the lock pin is the first lock pin hole, a second rocker arm body locking limiting surface is correspondingly arranged on the second lock pin hole;
when the mounting hole of the lock pin is the second lock pin hole, a first rocker arm body locking limiting surface is correspondingly arranged on the first lock pin hole.
Furthermore, a first rocker arm body working limiting surface is additionally arranged on the first rocker arm body, and a second rocker arm body working limiting surface is additionally arranged on the second rocker arm body; when the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are not locked by the locking pin, the first rocker arm body working limiting surface and the second rocker arm body working limiting surface limit the relative swinging amount of the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body.
Furthermore, a lock pin limiting surface is additionally arranged on the first rocker arm body; the limit displacement of the lock pin when the lock pin compresses the lock pin spring is limited by the lock pin limiting surface.
Furthermore, a lubricating oil channel is arranged on the rocker arm shaft.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the first mounting hole and the rocker arm shaft which correspond to each other are matched and are finish machined surfaces; the second mounting hole is matched with the corresponding surface of the rocker arm shaft and is a finish machining surface.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the oil pressure of the control oil duct is changed by the two-position three-way valve, so that the variable rocker mechanism can be switched between locking and unlocking; the variable valve operating events required by technologies such as engine driving, cylinder deactivation, internal EGR, braking and the like can be realized by adjusting the mounting position of the lock pin; the switch type normally-locked rocker mechanism, the semi-switch type normally-locked rocker mechanism, the switch type normally-opened rocker mechanism and the semi-switch type normally-opened rocker mechanism are used independently and in a matched mode, various matched modes of various engine running modes can be achieved, and the engine can be used for engines in different application fields.
(2) On one hand, the two rocker arm bodies use the rocker arm shaft as a fixed rotating shaft, and the two rocker arm bodies can be straight rocker arms or bent rocker arms, so that the arrangement requirements of various engines can be met, and the problems that the rocker arm bodies are easy to fall off abnormally when the spherical hinged bent rocker arms are adopted at a high speed of the engine do not exist. On the other hand, the arrangement mode of the locking assembly (namely the axial direction of the lock pin and the lock pin spring is basically consistent with the radial direction of the rocker arm shaft) ensures that the stress from the transmission ends of the two rocker arm bodies cannot influence the operation state of the lock pin in the whole process of unlocking, switching and locking maintenance of the lock pin, so that abnormal switching cannot occur, and the problems of poor operation consistency of the valve and the like cannot occur.
(3) The arrangement mode of the locking assembly (namely the axial direction of the lock pin and the lock pin spring is basically consistent with the radial direction of the rocker arm shaft) ensures that the lock pin stroke is irrelevant to the maximum lift range of the cam, and the minimization of the lock pin stroke is realized, so that the lock pin and the lock pin spring with the minimum size can be adopted, the minimization of the structural size of the whole device is realized, and the requirement of installation on a compact engine is met.
(4) The rocker mechanism as a whole can have the appearance size similar to that of a traditional rocker body, the function of the variable valve of the engine can be realized by directly replacing the original machine invariable rocker with the rocker mechanism of the invention, the application range is wide (no matter an overhead or bottom camshaft engine, no matter an intake and exhaust cam different shaft or a coaxial engine can be used), and the rocker mechanism has good compatibility with the valve mechanism parts for realizing other variable valve functions, for example, on various mechanisms such as VVT, VVL, CVVL, and the like, only the original machine invariable rocker needs to be replaced with the rocker mechanism of the invention, and the new variable valve function can be added.
(5) The variable rocker arm mechanism has the advantages of low cost and upgrading, and is simple in structure and low in processing difficulty.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a normally-locked rocker arm mechanism in embodiment 2;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a normally open rocker arm mechanism in embodiment 4;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a normally locked rocker arm mechanism in embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a normally locked rocker arm mechanism including a lock limit surface;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a normally open rocker mechanism including a lock limit surface;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first rocker body of the normally locked rocker mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first rocker body of the normally open rocker mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second rocker arm in the normally locked rocker arm mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second rocker body in the normally open rocker mechanism;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an example of an application using a rocker mechanism.
In the figure: 1. a first swing arm body; 1A, a first lock pin hole; 1B, spring holes; 1B1, normally open spring hole; 1B2, spring cap hole; 1C, an exhaust hole; 1D, a first transmission end; 1E, a first mating surface; 1F, a first mounting hole; 1G, a lock pin limiting surface; 1X, switching a limiting surface by a first rocker arm body; 1Y, a working limiting surface of the first rocker arm body; 1Z, locking a limiting surface of the first rocker arm body;
2. a second swing arm body; 2A, a second lock pin hole; 2D, a second transmission end; 2E, a second mating surface; 2F, a second mounting hole; 2X, the second rocker arm body switches a limiting surface; 2Y, a working limiting surface of the second rocker arm body; 2Z, a second rocker arm body locking limiting surface;
3. a rocker shaft; 3A, normally locking a control oil duct; 3B, normally opening a control oil duct; 3C, a lubricating oil channel; 3D, avoiding the groove;
4. a lock pin; 4Z, locking a lock pin locking limiting surface;
5. a detent spring; 6; a spring cap; 7. a limiting rod;
PQ, exhaust drive rocker arm mechanism; PZ, exhaust brake rocker arm mechanism; JZ, an air intake brake rocker arm mechanism; JQ, an intake drive rocker mechanism; TLZ, and a camshaft.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It should be noted that: the rocker arm mechanism provided by the invention comprises but is not limited to a driving rocker arm, a braking rocker arm, a driving and braking common rocker arm and the like which are used for air intake or exhaust, so that the rocker arm meeting the requirements of different application scenes and various purposes of an engine is provided.
With reference to FIGS. 1-10
Example 1:
the rocker arm mechanism comprises a first rocker arm body 1, a second rocker arm body 2, a rocker arm shaft 3 and a locking assembly;
the first rocker arm body 1 is provided with a first lock pin hole 1A, a spring hole, an emptying hole 1C, a first transmission end 1D, a first matching surface 1E, a first mounting hole 1F and a first rocker arm body switching limiting surface 1X;
the second rocker arm body 2 is provided with a second lock pin hole 2A, a second transmission end 2D, a second matching surface 2E, a second mounting hole 2F and a second rocker arm body switching limiting surface 2X;
the rocker shaft 3 is provided with a control oil passage;
the locking assembly at least comprises a lock pin 4 and a lock pin spring 5;
the first rocker arm body 1 and the rocker arm shaft 3 form a shaft hinge joint through a first mounting hole 1F, and the corresponding surfaces of the first mounting hole 1F and the rocker arm shaft 3 are matched and are finish machined surfaces; the second rocker arm body 2 and the rocker arm shaft 3 form a shaft hinge connection through a second mounting hole 2F, the second mounting hole 2F is matched with the corresponding surface of the rocker arm shaft 3, and the surfaces are finish machined surfaces;
the lock pin spring 5 is arranged in the spring hole;
the spring hole is communicated with the outside through the emptying hole 1C;
the lock pin 4 is installed in the first lock pin hole 1A or the second lock pin hole 2A:
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface 1X is in contact with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface 2X, the relative position of the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 is a switchable position, the first lock pin hole 1A is aligned with the second lock pin hole 2A and forms a locking channel, and the lock pin 4 can move in the locking channel; when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface 1X is not in contact with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface 2X, the relative positions of the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are non-switchable positions, the first lock pin hole 1A and the second lock pin hole 2A are not aligned and cannot form a lock channel, and the lock pin 4 can only be completely positioned in the mounting hole;
in other preferred embodiments, the rocker shaft 3 is provided with a lubricating oil passage.
Example 2 (switch-mode normally locked rocker mechanism):
with reference to the content of embodiment 1, the rocker arm mechanism is a normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin 4 is disposed in the first lock pin hole 1A, the lock pin 4 directly contacts with the lock pin spring 5, and the lock pin 4 and the first lock pin hole 1A are matched as a matching part;
when the control oil passage is communicated with the high-pressure oil, the lock pin 4 is completely positioned in the first rocker arm body 1, and the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are not locked by the lock pin 4; when the control oil passage is communicated with the low-pressure oil phase, the lock pin 4 is simultaneously positioned in the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2, and the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are locked by the lock pin 4;
in other preferred embodiments, the portion of the locking pin 4 that mates with its mounting hole is of cylindrical configuration.
In other preferred embodiments, a lock pin locking limiting surface 4Z can be additionally arranged on the lock pin 4, and a second rocker arm body locking limiting surface 2Z is correspondingly arranged on the second lock pin hole 2A;
in other preferred embodiments, the rocker shaft 3 is provided with a lubricating oil passage;
specifically, the principle is as follows: for the switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, when the control oil duct is connected with the high-pressure oil, the lock pin completely enters the first rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body move independently, and the cam cannot drive the valve; when the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, the lock pin is inserted into a lock pin hole in the second rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked into a whole by the lock pin, and the cam drives the valve to move.
Example 3 (half-switch normally locked rocker arm mechanism):
the difference from the embodiment 2 is that a first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y is additionally arranged on the first rocker arm body 1, and a second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y is additionally arranged on the second rocker arm body 2; when the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are not locked by the lock pin 4, the first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y and the second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y limit the relative swinging amount of the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2.
Specifically, the working principle is as follows: for a semi-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, when a control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, a lock pin completely enters a first rocker arm body, and before working limit blocks on the first rocker arm body and a second rocker arm body are contacted, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body move independently, and a cam cannot drive an air valve; when the first rocker arm body contacts with the working limiting block on the second rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body operate together, and the cam drives the valve to move. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, the lock pin is inserted into the second rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked into a whole by the lock pin, and the cam drives the valve to move all the time.
For the difference, whether add first rocking arm body spacing face of work 1Y on according to first rocking arm body 1, whether add second rocking arm body spacing face of work 2Y on the second rocking arm body 2 correspondingly, divide into on-off and semi-on-off two kinds with rocker mechanism: the rocker mechanism which is formed by additionally arranging a first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y on a first rocker arm body 1 and correspondingly additionally arranging a second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y on a second rocker arm body 2 is called as a switch type; a rocker mechanism not provided with the above-described rocker operation restricting surface is called a switch type. Therefore, fig. 1 is a switch type normally-locked rocker mechanism, fig. 2 is a switch type normally-opened rocker mechanism, fig. 3 is a semi-switch type normally-locked rocker mechanism, and the semi-switch type normally-opened rocker mechanism is formed by additionally arranging rocker body working limiting surfaces on two rocker bodies on the basis of the switch type normally-opened rocker mechanism.
Example 4 (switch-type normally open rocker mechanism):
with reference to the content of embodiment 1, the rocker mechanism is a normally open rocker mechanism, the lock pin 4 is disposed in the second lock pin hole 2A, the lock pin 4 directly contacts the lock pin spring 5 or contacts the lock pin spring 5 through the spring cap 6, and the lock pin 4 and the second lock pin hole 2A are matching parts;
when the control oil passage is communicated with the low-pressure oil, the lock pin 4 is completely positioned in the second rocker arm body 2, and the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are not locked by the lock pin 4; when the control oil passage is communicated with the high-pressure oil, the lock pin 4 is simultaneously positioned in the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2, and the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are locked by the lock pin 4.
In other preferred embodiments, the portion of the locking pin 4 that mates with its mounting hole is of cylindrical configuration.
In other preferred embodiments, the lock pin 4 may further include a lock pin locking limiting surface 4Z, and the first lock pin hole 1A is correspondingly provided with a first rocker arm locking limiting surface 1Z.
Specifically, the working principle is as follows: for the switch type normally open rocker mechanism, when the control oil duct is connected with the low-pressure oil, the lock pin completely enters the second rocker body, the first rocker body and the second rocker body move independently, and the cam cannot drive the valve; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the lock pin is inserted into a lock pin hole in the first rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked into a whole by the lock pin, and the cam drives the valve to move.
Example 5 (half-switch normally open rocker mechanism):
the difference from the embodiment 4 is that a first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y is additionally arranged on the first rocker arm body 1, and a second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y is additionally arranged on the second rocker arm body 2; when the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2 are not locked by the lock pin 4, the first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y and the second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y limit the relative swinging amount of the first rocker arm body 1 and the second rocker arm body 2.
Specifically, the working principle is as follows: for a semi-switch normally-open rocker arm mechanism, when a control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, a lock pin completely enters a first rocker arm body, and before working limit blocks on the first rocker arm body and a second rocker arm body are contacted, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body move independently, and a cam cannot drive an air valve; when the first rocker arm body contacts with the working limiting block on the second rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body operate together, and the cam drives the valve to move. When the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the lock pin is inserted into a lock pin hole in the first rocker arm body, the first rocker arm body and the second rocker arm body are locked into a whole by the lock pin, and the cam drives the valve to move all the time.
It should be noted that: the transmission ends of the two rocker arms in the invention determine the structural types, sizes and the like of the rocker arms according to the conditions of other parts of the engine valve actuating device. The valve can be used for various valve actuating devices such as a cam-tappet-push rod-rocker-valve (or valve bridge-valve), a cam-rocker-valve (or valve bridge-valve) and the like. The first rocker arm body switching limiting surface 1X, the first rocker arm body working limiting surface 1Y, the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface 2X, the second rocker arm body working limiting surface 2Y and the like can be directly processed and obtained on the corresponding rocker arm bodies, and can also be fixed on the corresponding rocker arm bodies.
Examples of applications are:
the air inlet driving rocker arm and/or the air outlet driving rocker arm adopt a switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, a driving mode is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, a cylinder stopping mode is realized. When only the air inlet driving rocker arm adopts a switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism and the exhaust driving rocker arm adopts an original non-variable rocker arm, only the air inlet valve is closed in a cylinder deactivation mode. When only the exhaust driving rocker arm adopts a switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism and the intake driving rocker arm adopts an original non-variable rocker arm, only the exhaust valve is closed in the cylinder deactivation mode. When both the intake and exhaust actuating rocker arms employ an on-off normally locked rocker arm mechanism, both the intake and exhaust valves are closed in the cylinder deactivation mode.
The intake drive rocker arm and/or the exhaust drive rocker arm adopt a semi-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, and the corresponding intake drive cam and/or the exhaust drive cam are provided with a main bulge and an EGR bulge. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, the main bulge and the EGR bulge both drive corresponding valves to realize internal EGR; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, only a part of the main bulge drives the corresponding valve, and EGR-free operation is realized. Internal EGR can be realized under the working conditions of engine starting, low load and the like.
The intake driving rocker arm and/or the exhaust driving rocker arm adopt a semi-switch type normally open rocker arm mechanism, and the corresponding intake driving cam and/or the exhaust driving cam are provided with a main bulge and an EGR bulge. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, only one part of the main bulge drives the corresponding valve, and EGR-free operation is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the main protrusion and the EGR protrusion drive corresponding valves, and internal EGR is achieved. Internal EGR cannot be realized when the engine is started, and internal EGR can only be realized under the working condition after the oil pressure is established.
The air inlet driving rocker arm adopts an original machine invariable rocker arm, the exhaust driving and braking common rocker arm adopts a semi-switch type normally open rocker arm mechanism, and the exhaust driving and braking common cam adopts a cam with a driving bulge and a braking bulge. When the control oil duct is connected with low-pressure oil, only a part of the driving bulge of the exhaust driving braking common cam drives the exhaust valve, so that a driving mode is realized; when the control oil duct is connected with high-pressure oil, the exhaust driving braking common cam drives the exhaust valve by the driving protrusion and the braking protrusion, and a braking mode is realized.
The intake driving and braking common rocker arm adopts a semi-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the exhaust driving and braking common rocker arm adopts a semi-switch type normally-opened rocker arm mechanism, and the exhaust driving and braking common cam is provided with a driving bulge and a braking bulge. When all the control oil passages are connected with the low-pressure oil, the inlet valve can be driven by the protrusions of the air inlet driving and braking common cam, and the exhaust valve can be driven by only one part of the driving protrusions of the exhaust driving and braking common cam, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil passages are connected with the high-pressure oil, only one part of the protrusions of the air inlet driving and braking shared cam can drive the air inlet valve, and the driving protrusions and the braking protrusions of the exhaust driving and braking shared cam drive the exhaust valve, so that the braking mode is realized.
The inlet driving and braking common rocker arm adopts a semi-switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, the exhaust driving rocker arm adopts a switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanism, and the exhaust braking rocker arm adopts a switch type normally-opened rocker arm mechanism. When all the control oil passages are connected with the low-pressure oil, the inlet valve can be driven by the protrusions of the air inlet driving and braking common cam, the exhaust driving cam drives the exhaust valve, and the exhaust braking cam cannot drive the exhaust valve, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil passages are connected with the high-pressure oil, only one part of the bulge of the air inlet driving and braking common cam can drive the air inlet valve, the exhaust driving cam cannot drive the exhaust valve, and the exhaust braking cam drives the exhaust valve, so that the braking mode is realized.
The air inlet driving rocker arm and the air outlet driving rocker arm both adopt switch type normally-locked rocker arm mechanisms, and the air inlet braking rocker arm and the air outlet braking rocker arm both adopt switch type normally-opened rocker arm mechanisms. When all the control oil passages are connected with the low-pressure oil, the air inlet driving cam and the air outlet driving cam respectively drive the corresponding air inlet valve and the corresponding air outlet valve, and the air inlet braking cam and the air outlet braking cam do not work, so that a driving mode is realized; when all the control oil passages are connected with the high-pressure oil, the air inlet driving cam and the air outlet driving cam do not work, and the air inlet braking cam and the air outlet braking cam respectively drive the corresponding air inlet valve and the corresponding air outlet valve, so that a braking mode is realized. And when the control oil passages of the air inlet and exhaust brake rocker arms are connected with the low-pressure oil, the air inlet drive cam, the exhaust drive cam, the air inlet brake cam and the exhaust brake cam do not work, so that the cylinder deactivation mode is realized. Fig. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of the present application example.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A rocker arm mechanism is characterized by comprising a first rocker arm body (1), a second rocker arm body (2), a rocker arm shaft (3) and a locking assembly;
the first rocker arm body (1) is provided with a first lock pin hole (1A), a spring hole, an emptying hole (1C), a first matching surface (1E), a first mounting hole (1F) and a first rocker arm body switching limiting surface (1X);
the second rocker arm body (2) is provided with a second lock pin hole (2A), a second matching surface (2E), a second mounting hole (2F) and a second rocker arm body switching limiting surface (2X);
the rocker arm shaft (3) is provided with a control oil passage for controlling the compression state of the lock pin spring;
the locking assembly comprises a lock pin (4) and a lock pin spring (5);
the first rocker arm body (1) is rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft (3) through a first mounting hole (1F);
the second rocker arm body (2) is rotatably arranged on the rocker arm shaft (3) through a second mounting hole (2F);
the lock pin spring (5) is arranged in the spring hole;
the spring hole is communicated with the outside through the emptying hole (1C);
the lock pin (4) is mounted in the first lock pin hole (1A) or the second lock pin hole (2A):
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface (1X) is in contact with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface (2X), the relative position of the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) is a switchable position, the first lock pin hole (1A) is aligned with the second lock pin hole (2A) and forms a locking channel, and the lock pin (4) can move in the locking channel;
when the first rocker arm body switching limiting surface (1X) is not in contact with the second rocker arm body switching limiting surface (2X), the relative position of the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) is a non-switchable position, the first lock pin hole (1A) is not aligned with the second lock pin hole (2A) and cannot form a locking channel, and the lock pin (4) can only be completely positioned in the corresponding lock pin hole.
2. A rocker mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rocker mechanism is a normally-locked rocker mechanism, the latch (4) is disposed in the first latch hole (1A), the latch (4) is in direct contact with the latch spring (5), and the latch (4) and the first latch hole (1A) are coupled;
when the control oil channel is communicated with high-pressure oil, the lock pin (4) is completely positioned in the first rocker body (1), and the first rocker body (1) and the second rocker body (2) are not locked by the lock pin (4); when the control oil channel is communicated with low-pressure oil, the lock pin (4) is simultaneously positioned in the first rocker body (1) and the second rocker body (2), and the first rocker body (1) and the second rocker body (2) are locked by the lock pin (4).
3. The rocker arm mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rocker arm mechanism is a normally open rocker arm mechanism, the lock pin (4) is arranged in the second lock pin hole (2A), the lock pin (4) is in contact with the lock pin spring (5) directly or through a spring cap (6), and the lock pin (4) is matched with the second lock pin hole (2A) by a matching piece;
when the control oil channel is communicated with low-pressure oil, the lock pin (4) is completely positioned in the second rocker body (2), and the first rocker body (1) and the second rocker body (2) are not locked by the lock pin (4); when the control oil passage is communicated with high-pressure oil, the lock pin (4) is simultaneously positioned in the first rocker body (1) and the second rocker body (2), and the first rocker body (1) and the second rocker body (2) are locked by the lock pin (4).
4. A rocker mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the region of the locking pin (4) which cooperates with its corresponding locking pin aperture is of cylindrical configuration.
5. A rocker mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the latch (4) is additionally provided with a latch lock limit surface (4Z);
when the mounting hole of the lock pin (4) is the first lock pin hole (1A), a second rocker arm body locking limiting surface (2Z) is correspondingly arranged on the second lock pin hole (2A);
when the mounting hole of the lock pin (4) is the second lock pin hole (2A), a first rocker arm body locking limiting surface (1Z) is correspondingly arranged on the first lock pin hole (1A).
6. A rocker mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a first rocker body operating limiting surface (1Y) is provided on the first rocker body (1) and a second rocker body operating limiting surface (2Y) is provided on the second rocker body (2); when the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2) are not locked by the lock pin (4), the first rocker arm body working limiting surface (1Y) and the second rocker arm body working limiting surface (2Y) limit the relative swinging amount of the first rocker arm body (1) and the second rocker arm body (2).
7. A rocker mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the first rocker body (1) is additionally provided with a detent stop surface (1G); the limit displacement of the lock pin (4) when the lock pin spring (5) is compressed is limited by the lock pin limiting surface (1G).
8. A rocker mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the rocker shaft (3) is provided with a lubricating oil duct.
9. A rocker arm mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the first mounting hole (1F) cooperates with a corresponding surface of the rocker arm shaft (3) and is a finished surface; the surfaces of the second mounting hole (2F) and the rocker arm shaft (3) are matched and are finish machined surfaces.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210324728.4A CN114575954B (en) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | Rocker arm mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210324728.4A CN114575954B (en) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | Rocker arm mechanism |
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| CN114575954B CN114575954B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115217568A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-10-21 | 大连理工大学 | Engine valve mechanism and method |
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| US20170284313A1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Switchable rocker arm with reduced coupling assembly loads |
| US10054014B1 (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-21 | Delphi Technologies Ip Limited | Latching arrangement for switchable rocker arm |
| CN109441584A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of VVL rocker arm locking structure |
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| CN104373170A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-02-25 | 绵阳富临精工机械股份有限公司 | Valve stroke control compression bar |
| CN107109969A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2017-08-29 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Mechanical clearance for changeable roller rocker arms is controlled |
| US20170009610A1 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-01-12 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Switchable rocker arm with pivot joint |
| US20170284313A1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Switchable rocker arm with reduced coupling assembly loads |
| US10054014B1 (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-21 | Delphi Technologies Ip Limited | Latching arrangement for switchable rocker arm |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115217568A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-10-21 | 大连理工大学 | Engine valve mechanism and method |
| CN115217568B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-10-24 | 大连理工大学 | Engine valve mechanism and method |
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|---|---|
| CN114575954B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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