CN114575908A - Parameter design method for building dust-proof air curtain and three-way air distribution device - Google Patents
Parameter design method for building dust-proof air curtain and three-way air distribution device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parameter design method for constructing a dust-proof air curtain and a three-way air distribution device, which comprises the following steps: s1, initializing and determining air volume Q of first air outlet1And the air quantity Q of the second air outlet2And the distance L from the first air outlet to the tunnel face; s2, according to air quantity Q of the first air outlet1Calculating the momentum at the first air outlet according to the air quantity Q of the second air outlet2Calculating a dust-proof air curtain created by the second air outlet; s3, dust-proof air curtain constructed by momentum at first air outlet and second air outletAnd calculating the backflow dirty air generated after the dust-separation air curtain can block the momentum at the first air outlet to the tunnel face. Compared with the existing dust control method, the dust control method is simpler and more effective, and aims to control dust close to the face in a dust control area, so that the dust control device can rapidly and effectively remove the dust close to the face, and the efficiency of the dust control device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a parameter design method of an air curtain, in particular to a parameter design method for constructing a dust-proof air curtain and a three-way air distribution device, which are applied to the field of ventilation and dust removal in tunnel construction.
Background
The standard of high-grade highways in China is continuously improved, and long-distance and large-section highway tunnels are more and more constructed. However, as the distance of the tunnel is lengthened and the area of the cross section is increased, how to reasonably design ventilation and dust removal becomes a problem generally faced in the industry. At present, the dust monitoring and controlling and dust removing technology in the tunnel are more perfect and advanced. However, the existing research shows that in the tunneling process, no matter the tunneling is carried out by adopting blast tunneling, manual tunneling or shield tunneling machine, the tunnel face is still the main dust generating point, and the dust source of the tunnel face is dispersed, the migration track of the generated dust presents disorder, which results in that the real-time air purification efficiency of the dust removing device installed near the tunnel face is lower.
At present, the research in the field of road tunnel dust control is not deep and systematic, but the dust control technology in mines tends to be complete. For example, chinese patent publication (publication) No.: CN112253210A, which discloses an umbrella-shaped air curtain air supply dust control device for a fully mechanized excavation face of a coal mine, for solving the problem that an overlapped area of air supply and dust removal lacks fresh air flow, and to a certain extent, the problem of toxic and harmful gas accumulation in the area is solved, in addition, the umbrella-shaped air curtain formed by the umbrella-shaped air curtain dust control device prevents the dust at the head from diffusing backwards, thereby realizing area dust control;
chinese patent publication (publication) No.: CN112483084A discloses a fully-partitioned air curtain dust control method for a fully-mechanized mining face, wherein an air curtain is formed by obliquely discharging air from an air outlet of a slit type air outlet fan to the upper side of a driver of a coal mining machine, the upper sides of two fan-shaped air curtains are sealed, so that coal dust is completely prevented from entering a working area of the driver, meanwhile, part of the blocked coal dust is blown to a goaf by the air curtains, and the coal dust concentration of the working face is reduced;
chinese patent publication (publication) No.: CN112879068A discloses a comprehensive digging face large vortex dust collection-cyclone wind distribution sub-area system and a sub-area ventilation dust control method, wherein a wind distributor is arranged on a comprehensive digging machine, a side air outlet is matched with the side wall of a roadway to form a cyclone wind distribution area, the large vortex dust collection area and the cyclone wind distribution area can move forward along with the comprehensive digging machine, a large amount of fresh pollution-free air is provided for an operation area except a head-on area, and the problem of gas accumulation frequently occurring in the traditional wall-attached air duct technology is greatly relieved.
Obviously, the method mainly aims at relieving gas accumulation and preventing coal dust from diffusing to coal mining machine operators, and cannot create a dust-isolating air curtain with high height and large span, and most importantly, the formed air curtain has low stability, and the dust-preventing effect and the dust removal efficiency of the dust removal device are not obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that in the tunnel construction in the prior art, dust sources on a tunnel face are dispersed, and the migration tracks of the generated dust are disordered, so that the real-time air purification efficiency of a dust removal device arranged near the tunnel face is low, the invention provides a parameter design method for constructing a dust separation air curtain and a three-way air distribution device.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a parametric design method for creating a dust-insulated air curtain, comprising the steps of:
s1, initializing and determining air volume Q of first air outlet1And the air quantity Q of the second air outlet2And the distance L from the first air outlet to the tunnel face;
s2, according to air quantity Q of the first air outlet1Calculating the momentum at the first air outlet according to the air quantity Q of the second air outlet2Calculating a dust-proof air curtain created by the second air outlet;
and S3, calculating the backflow dirty air generated after the dust-proof air curtain can block the momentum at the first air outlet from the face according to the momentum at the first air outlet and the dust-proof air curtain created by the second air outlet.
Further, step S2 specifically includesAccording to Q1＝πD12v1Adjusting the diameter D of the first air outlet1Controlling the wind speed v of the first air outlet1(ii) a According to Q2＝πD22v2Adjusting the diameter D of the second air outlet2Controlling the wind speed v of the second air outlet2。
Further, the air quantity Q of the first air outlet1Satisfying the functional expression:
Q1≤S×Vbreak-off×ω×Δ；
Wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the palm surface, VBreak-offThe wind speed is controlled by the section, omega is the air volume circulation ratio, and delta is the reduction coefficient.
Further, step S2 calculates a functional expression of the dust-separation air curtain:
v/vm＝f[y/y(v/2)]；
2R/D2＝f(as/D2)；
where y is the distance from any point on the jet cross-section to the core boundary, v is the velocity at point y, v ismAs core speed, y(v/2)Is 0.5v on the same sectionmDistance from point to axis, R is jet half width, D2The diameter of the second outlet, a is the turbulence coefficient, and s is the distance from the outlet to any cross section.
Furthermore, the dust-proof air curtain can block the backflow dirty air generated after the momentum at the first air outlet reaches the tunnel face, and the backflow dirty air meets the following functional expression:
where ρ is the air density.
Furthermore, the distance L from the first air outlet to the tunnel face is 15-35 m.
Further, S1 includes initializing and determining the intake air quantity Q0Merging air quantity Q0The following are satisfied: q0＝Q1+Q2。
The invention also adopts the technical scheme for solving the technical problems that: the utility model provides a realize foretell three-way air distribution device for building parameter design method of dust-proof air curtain, three-way air distribution device is including removing automobile body, blast pipe, first play tuber pipe and second play tuber pipe, the blast pipe sets up in removing automobile body one side, the blast pipe with first play tuber pipe is direct or indirectly linked together, the blast pipe goes out tuber pipe with the second and directly or indirectly is linked together, first play tuber pipe sets up at removing the automobile body opposite side, the first air outlet of first play tuber pipe is arranged in and is removed the automobile body outside, first air outlet corresponds the palm face setting, the second goes out the tuber pipe setting and is removing automobile body bottom, the second air outlet that the second goes out the tuber pipe is arranged in and is removed the automobile body outside, the second air outlet corresponds below ground setting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a parameter design method for constructing a dust-separation air curtain and a three-way air distribution device, wherein dust control is realized by forming an air curtain through jet flow of a second air outlet pipe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a parametric design method for creating a dust-protected air curtain in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-way air distribution device of the invention.
Reference numerals: 1-moving vehicle body, 2-blast pipe, 3-first air outlet pipe, 31-first air outlet, 4-second air outlet pipe, 41-second air outlet, and 5-tunnel face.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a parameter design method for creating a dust-proof air curtain according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, initializing and determining air volume Q of first air outlet1And the air quantity Q of the second air outlet2And the distance L from the first air outlet to the tunnel face;
s2, according to air quantity Q of the first air outlet1Calculating the momentum at the first air outlet according to the air quantity Q of the second air outlet2Calculating a dust-proof air curtain created by the second air outlet;
and S3, calculating the backflow dirty air generated after the dust-proof air curtain can block the momentum at the first air outlet from the face according to the momentum at the first air outlet and the dust-proof air curtain created by the second air outlet.
In this embodiment, step S2 specifically includes obtaining Q1＝πD12v1Adjusting the diameter D of the first air outlet1Controlling the wind speed v of the first air outlet1(ii) a According to Q2＝πD22v2Adjusting the diameter D of the second air outlet2Controlling the wind speed v of the second air outlet2. If the diameter D of the first air outlet is increased1The wind speed v of the first air outlet1The power of the tunnel is reduced inevitably, the power of the tunnel is attenuated continuously in the jet flow process, and when the tunnel reaches the face, the dirty wind at the face is difficult to push to move out of the tunnel; similarly, if the diameter D of the second air outlet is increased2And the wind speed v of the second air outlet2The jet power is continuously attenuated, and the formed air curtain is shorter; if the diameter D of the second air outlet is reduced2And the wind speed v of the second air outlet2The jet distance is long, and the height of the formed air curtain cannot meet the requirement. Ensure the distance L between the first air outlet and the tunnel face and the air quantity Q1Sum air quantity Q2Selecting two groups D1、D2Designing a plurality of models between two groups of values, carrying out fluid dynamics calculation on each model, and optimizing two groups of D1、D2The combined value.
In this embodiment, the air volume Q of the first outlet1Satisfying the functional expression:
Q1≤S×Vbreak-off×ω×Δ；
Wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the palm surface, VBreak-offThe wind speed is controlled by the section, omega is the air volume circulation ratio, and delta is the reduction coefficient. In order to prevent the air quantity Q of the first air outlet1Kinetic energy reduction, Q1The above function expression is satisfied.
In this embodiment, step S2 calculates a function expression of the dust-proof air curtain:
v/vm＝f[y/y(v/2)]；
2R/D2＝f(as/D2)；
where y is the distance from any point on the jet cross-section to the core boundary, v is the velocity at point y, v ismAs core speed, y(v/2)Is 0.5v on the same sectionmDistance from point to axis, R is jet half width, D2The diameter of the second outlet, a is the turbulence coefficient, and s is the distance from the outlet to any cross section. D2And Q2Will influence the wind speed v of the second outlet2After the jet flow goes out of the first air outlet pipe, dimensionless speed distribution on any section has similarity, which can be seen in a functional expression v/vm＝f[y/y(v/2)]Therefore the wind speed v of the second outlet2Will affect the length s and y of the resulting air curtain(v/2)。
In this embodiment, the dust-proof air curtain can block the backflow dirty air generated after the momentum at the first air outlet reaches the tunnel face, and the backflow dirty air satisfies the following functional expression:
where ρ is the air density. When the air curtain dust control is monitored, the section of the tunnel which is flush with the rear end of the blast pipe is preferably set as an air flow monitoring section, and the air flow flowing out of the dust control area is monitored (the natural air flow in the tunnel is ignored), so that the air curtain dust control effect is judged.
In this embodiment, if L is increased, the mass m of the fluid will gradually increase, and the velocity v of the fluid will gradually increase1Gradually decrease, resulting in failure to provide enough kinetic energy to cause back-flow dirt at the tunnel faceMoving the wind tunnel outwards; if L is reduced, when the backflow dirty air at the tunnel face flows through the built air curtain, the kinetic energy is too large, the built air curtain cannot block the backflow dirty air, and the dust control effect cannot be achieved, so that the distance L from the first air outlet to the tunnel face is 15-35m, the smaller the value L is, the higher the possibility that the first air outlet pipe is cracked when the blasting process is implemented is, and the preferable distance L from the first air outlet to the tunnel face is 20m and 25 m.
In this embodiment, for simple and effective control, S1 further includes initializing and determining the intake air volume Q0Merging air quantity Q0The following are satisfied: q0＝Q1+Q2. According to Q1And Q2The air quantity is fixedly converged into the total air quantity Q0。
The specific boundary conditions set and requirements of the computational fluid dynamics method are as follows: the first air outlet of the first air outlet pipe and the second air outlet of the second air outlet pipe are set to be speed inlets, the tunnel portal is set to be a pressure outlet, the pressure at the outlet of the tunnel portal is atmospheric pressure, other boundaries are set to be solid wall surfaces, the tunnel wall surfaces are non-slip solid wall boundaries, and the influence of wall surface function roughness can be considered.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides a three-way air distribution device for implementing the parameter design method for creating a dust-proof air curtain, the three-way air distribution device includes a moving vehicle body 1, an air supply pipe 2, a first air outlet pipe 3 and a second air outlet pipe 4, the air supply pipe 2 is disposed at one side of the moving vehicle body 1, the air supply pipe 2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the first air outlet pipe 3, the air supply pipe 2 is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air outlet pipe 4, the first air outlet pipe 3 is disposed at the other side of the moving vehicle body 1, a first air outlet 31 of the first air outlet pipe 3 is disposed at the outer side of the moving vehicle body 1, the first air outlet 31 is disposed corresponding to a tunnel face 5, the first air outlet pipe 3 is used for pushing dirty air, gunpowder, dust, and the like at the tunnel face to move to a tunnel opening, the second air outlet pipe 4 is disposed at the bottom of the moving vehicle body 1, a second air outlet 41 of the second air outlet pipe 4 is disposed at the outer side of the moving vehicle body 1, the second air outlet 41 corresponds to the ground below and is arranged, the second air outlet pipe 4 forms an air curtain through jet flow, backflow dirty air flowing through the face is blocked, the purpose of dust control is achieved, and the air supply pipe 2, the first air outlet pipe 3 and the second air outlet pipe 4 are mounted on the movable vehicle body 1 and can move more conveniently.
According to the specific embodiment, for example, the dust control effect of the three-way air distribution device under different working conditions is compared, and the working condition with the minimum numerical value, namely the working condition with the best dust control effect is applied to the tunnel construction site according to the monitoring result of the monitoring section.
The details of the road tunnel will now be explained: the total length of the tunnel is 3349m, the width is 14.8m, the height is 7.49m, the tunnel belongs to a long-distance large-section highway tunnel, and in order to shorten the construction period, a mode of simultaneously excavating from two ends of the tunnel is adopted. Specifically, the tunnel body excavation adopts the short step method, and current ventilation mode is forced ventilation, and the forced tuber pipe is arranged in hunch waist department, and the forced tuber pipe is apart from about 4.5m of ground height, and the pipe diameter is 1.4m, and the high-efficient amount of wind of tunnel entrance to a cave fan is 1550m3/min。
According to the above description, a tunnel model with a length of 100m is initially established, a speed inlet is adopted at the inlet, a pressure outlet is adopted at the outlet, the outlet pressure is 0Pa, other boundaries are set as solid wall surfaces, the tunnel wall surface adopts a non-slip solid wall boundary, the influence of the wall surface function roughness is considered, the average roughness height of the tunnel wall surface is 0.1m, the roughness constant of the tunnel wall surface is 0.5, and the air leakage rate of hectometer is 2%. When the three-way air distribution device, the air quantity Q of the first air outlet1Is 460m3Min, air quantity Q of second air outlet of three-way air distribution device2Is 689m3Min, calculating the air quantity Q of the air input to the blast pipe0Approximately 1149m3Min, pipe diameter D of the first air outlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe1、D2The distance L between the first air outlet of the first air outlet pipe and the tunnel face is 25m, and the calculation result according to the fluid dynamics shows that the data obtained by the dust control monitoring face is 0 kg/s. This shows that the dust control effect of the three-way air distribution device is preferable.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A parametric design method for creating a dust-protected air curtain, comprising the steps of:
s1, initializing and determining air volume Q of first air outlet1And the air quantity Q of the second air outlet2And the distance L from the first air outlet to the tunnel face;
s2, according to air quantity Q of the first air outlet1Calculating the momentum at the first air outlet according to the air quantity Q of the second air outlet2Calculating a dust-proof air curtain created by the second air outlet;
and S3, calculating the backflow dirty air generated after the momentum at the first air outlet can be blocked by the dust-proof air curtain according to the momentum at the first air outlet and the dust-proof air curtain created by the second air outlet.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 comprises Q1＝πD1 2v1Adjusting the diameter D of the first air outlet1Controlling the wind speed v of the first air outlet1(ii) a According to Q2＝πD2 2v2Adjusting the diameter D of the second air outlet2Controlling the wind speed v of the second air outlet2。
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first outlet has an air volume Q1Satisfying the functional expression:
Q1≤S×Vbreak-off×ω×Δ；
Wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the tunnel face, VBreak-offThe wind speed is controlled by the section, omega is the air volume circulation ratio, and delta is the reduction coefficient.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step S2 is performed by calculating a function expression of the dust-separation air curtain as follows:
v/vm＝f[y/y(v/2)]；
2R/D2＝f(as/D2)；
where y is the distance from any point on the jet cross-section to the core boundary, v is the velocity at point y, v ismAs core speed, y(v/2)Is 0.5v on the same sectionmDistance from point to axis, R is jet half width, D2The diameter of the second outlet, a is the turbulence coefficient, and s is the distance from the outlet to any cross section.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the back flow of the dirty air generated after the air curtain blocks the momentum at the first outlet from the face satisfies the following functional expression:
where ρ is the air density.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance L between the first outlet and the tunnel face is 15-35 m.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S1 further comprises initializing the quantity Q of incoming air0Merging air quantity Q0The following are satisfied: q0＝Q1+Q2。
8. A three-way air distribution device for realizing the parameter design method for creating a dust-separation air curtain as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the three-way air distribution device comprises a moving vehicle body (1), an air supply pipe (2), a first air outlet pipe (3) and a second air outlet pipe (4), the air supply pipe (2) is arranged on one side of the moving vehicle body (1), the air supply pipe (2) is directly or indirectly communicated with the first air outlet pipe (3), the air supply pipe (2) is directly or indirectly communicated with the second air outlet pipe (4), the first air outlet pipe (3) is arranged on the other side of the moving vehicle body (1), a first air outlet (31) of the first air outlet pipe (3) is arranged outside the moving vehicle body (1), the first air outlet (31) is arranged corresponding to a tunnel face (5), the second air outlet pipe (4) is arranged at the bottom of the moving vehicle body (1), and a second air outlet (41) of the second air outlet pipe (4) is arranged on the outer side of the movable vehicle body (1), and the second air outlet (41) is arranged corresponding to the ground below.
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| CN107355252A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-17 | 黑龙江工业学院 | A kind of fully mechanized workface air curtain dust-collecting dedusting system |
| CN107515984A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-26 | 黑龙江工业学院 | A kind of air curtain control dust and gas fixed double phase flow method for numerical simulation |
| CN112483084A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 山东科技大学 | Fully-closed air curtain dust control method for fully-mechanized coal mining face |
| CN112879067A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-01 | 山东科技大学 | Fully-mechanized excavating face reverse rotational flow wind sub-domain ventilation dust control method and system |
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