CN114575906A - Energy dissipation lets presses anchor backing plate - Google Patents
Energy dissipation lets presses anchor backing plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114575906A CN114575906A CN202210239812.6A CN202210239812A CN114575906A CN 114575906 A CN114575906 A CN 114575906A CN 202210239812 A CN202210239812 A CN 202210239812A CN 114575906 A CN114575906 A CN 114575906A
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- Prior art keywords
- backing plate
- anchor
- plate
- strength
- shearing
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- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0086—Bearing plates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy dissipation yielding anchor backing plate, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering reinforcing devices. The anchor backing plate device includes: an upper backing plate, a lower backing plate and a high-strength shear bolt. The upper backing plate and the lower backing plate are both provided with vertical shearing structures and provided with bolt holes, and a plurality of rows of high-strength bolts can be assembled. The device has simple structure and can be matched with a conventional anchor rod and an anchor cable for use. The invention can solve the problem of anchor cable (anchor rod) fracture caused by large deformation, and has better applicability in areas such as earthquake, rock burst and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock-soil reinforcing devices, in particular to an energy dissipation yielding anchor backing plate suitable for supporting high-ground-stress roadways, strong-earthquake-area tunnels and side slopes.
Background
The anchor cable (anchor rod) is an important branch in the field of geotechnical engineering, and has the functions of fully playing the strength of the geotechnical body and effectively controlling the deformation of the geotechnical body. The anchor rope transfers the surface load to the stabilized bedrock by friction at the anchoring interface. The anchor cable is widely applied in the fields of coal and traffic, and the failure mode of the anchor cable is mainly the fracture caused by large deformation of rock mass. How to avoid or reduce the fracture of the anchoring structure in the high ground stress and strong earthquake area is an urgent problem to be solved.
Through continuous updating, various yielding anchor rods, anchor cables and anchor backing plates suitable for large deformation exist at present. For example, CN108071410A sets up wedge increase resistance piece at the stock tip, CNI09184765A increases hydraulic cylinder column shell and piston in the anchor eye, CN208702439U uses steel branch expander pipe and steel strand to connect two sections stock and realize the flexible pressure yielding, and CA111456779A lets the pressure through energy-absorbing box and the deformation of filling branch material. CN213540446U proposes to add a spring in the anchor pad. The above devices are improved and innovated from different angles, but have the following disadvantages: firstly, the cost of the device is too high. The demand of a supporting structure in engineering is huge, and the cost is one of the main factors of a left reinforcing scheme and a right reinforcing scheme. Secondly, the specification has limitation, and the method is not suitable for large-scale production. The specifications required by different projects or different parts of the same project are different. This results in parts of the cushioning structure that need to be prefabricated for a particular project. Thirdly, the structure is complicated, and the use is inconvenient. The culture level of basic practitioners in the geotechnical industry is generally low, and the complex structure also limits popularization and use.
Based on the above disadvantages, a buffering device with strong applicability, batch production, simple use and low cost is needed, the damage of the anchor rod (anchor cable) is avoided, and the potential safety hazard of the engineering is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention designs an energy dissipation yielding anchor backing plate. The anchor backing plate realizes the energy dissipation and yielding of the anchor rod or the anchor cable by shearing the high-strength bolt step by step. Before the shearing strength is not reached, the high-strength bolt provides supporting force for the base plate and keeps a fixed vertical interval. After the pressure reaches the critical strength, the high-strength shearing bolt is sheared, the anchor backing plate is vertically compressed, and the tensile deformation of the anchor cable or the anchor rod is reduced. The device simple structure, the on-the-spot installation of being convenient for can arrange with conventional anchor rope stock. In addition, the structure adaptation is strong, can reach different yielding loads through adjusting the quantity and the intensity of high strength bolt, and this makes large-scale production possible.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses an energy dissipation and pressure reduction anchor backing plate which is characterized by comprising an upper backing plate, a lower backing plate, a high-strength shearing bolt and a nut.
The centers of the upper backing plate and the lower backing plate are both provided with openings for accommodating the anchor cables (anchor rods) to pass through. And a vertical reinforcing steel plate is arranged around the opening.
The upper backing plate is provided with a square shearing steel plate along the vertical direction. The vertical lower backing plate is provided with two square shearing steel plates. The three shear plates can be meshed, and the lower backing plate shear steel plates are positioned on two sides.
The shearing steel plate of the lower backing plate is vertically provided with a plurality of rows of shearing bolt holes. The bolt holes with the same height section are symmetrically arranged.
The shear bolt is made of high-strength materials, and the tail end of the bolt rod is provided with threads which can be locked with the nut.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the energy dissipation yielding anchor backing plate can effectively solve the problem that an anchor cable is broken due to large deformation. The device lets pressure intensity adjustable, simple structure, cost of manufacture low. Meanwhile, the construction is convenient, and large-scale popularization and use are facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall elevation view of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the device.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the upper mat.
Fig. 4 is an elevation view of the upper mat.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the lower bolster.
Fig. 6 is an elevational view of the lower bolster.
Fig. 7 is a plan view of a high strength shear bolt.
Numbering in the drawings with respect to the components:
100. the high-strength shear bolt comprises an upper backing plate, 101 shear plates, 102 upper backing plate opening reinforcing steel plates, 200 lower backing plates, 201 shear plates, 202 lower backing plate opening reinforcing steel plates, 203 bolt holes, 300 high-strength shear bolts, 301 nuts and 302 threads.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, an energy-dissipating pressure-reducing anchor backing plate device comprises an upper backing plate 100, a lower backing plate 200 and high-strength bolts 300.
Wherein, the upper anchor backing plate 100 is welded with a vertical square shear plate 101. Two clip bearing plates 102 in a shape of a square circle are welded on the lower anchor backing plate. The structure adopts high-strength small-deformation steel plates.
Wherein, the periphery of the square-shaped shear plate 201 of the lower backing plate is also provided with a plurality of vertical rows of bolt holes 203 with symmetrical horizontal sections for fixing the high-strength shear bolt 300.
The high-strength bolt 300 has a thread 302 only at the bottom, and a nut 301 is used to prevent the high-strength shear bolt 300 from falling off.
A reinforced steel plate is arranged at the central opening, and the upper cushion plate opening reinforced steel plate 102 and the lower cushion plate opening reinforced steel plate 202 are arranged. The function of which is to avoid the strain which causes the deformation of the opening.
The using method comprises the following steps:
when in use, the contact surface between the base plate 200 and the rock-soil body needs to be leveled, so that the base plate can be kept stable.
The high-strength shear bolts 300 are symmetrically inserted into the lower cushion plate bolt holes 203 and are screwed by nuts 302 to prevent the high-strength shear bolts from falling off.
The anchor cable sequentially penetrates through central openings of the lower cushion plate 200 and the upper cushion plate 100, the square-square shear plate 101 and the shear-bearing plate 201 between the upper cushion plate and the lower cushion plate are meshed, and the high-strength shear bolt 300 supports the upper shear plate 101.
Pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor cable and the anchor head is used for locking, wherein the operation is the same as that of the conventional anchor cable construction. After the completion, waterproof foam and rubber materials can be filled for preventing rainwater corrosion.
The load of the anchor line or the anchor rod is directly applied to the upper plate 100. Initially, all loads are borne by the uppermost row of high shear bolts 300. At the moment, the vertical height of the anchor backing plate is unchanged. When the tension of the anchor cable or the anchor rod reaches the critical strength, the first row of high-strength shear bolts 300 are sheared. The upper anchor backing plate 100 moves downwards, the vertical height is reduced, and the tensile deformation of the anchor cable is reduced, so that the effect of yielding and preventing fracture is achieved. When the critical strength is reached again, the second row of high-strength shear bolts 300 are also sheared, and the anchor cable force drops again. By analogy, the multi-row high-strength shearing bolts 300 can play a role in grading yielding. After all the high-strength shearing bolts 300 are broken, the shearing plate 101 and the shear bearing plate 201 are completely occluded and do not move any more, and the maximum material strength is exerted.
Claims (5)
1. An energy dissipation and pressure reduction anchor backing plate is characterized by comprising an upper backing plate, a lower backing plate, a high-strength shearing bolt and a nut;
openings for accommodating anchor cables or anchor rods to penetrate are formed in the centers of the upper base plate and the lower base plate; meanwhile, a vertical reinforcing steel plate is arranged along the periphery of the opening;
the upper backing plate is provided with a square shearing steel plate along the vertical direction; two square shearing steel plates are arranged on the vertical lower base plate; the three shearing plates can be meshed, and the lower backing plate shearing steel plates are positioned on two sides;
the shearing steel plate of the lower base plate is vertically provided with a plurality of rows of shearing bolt holes; the bolt holes with the same height section are symmetrically arranged.
2. An energy-dissipating pressure-reducing anchor backing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shear bolt is made of high-strength material, and the end of the bolt shank is threaded to be fastened with a nut.
3. An energy-dissipating and pressure-reducing anchor backing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein a reinforcing steel plate is provided at the central opening, and an upper backing plate opening reinforcing steel plate and a lower backing plate opening reinforcing steel plate; the function of which is to avoid the strain which could cause deformation of the opening.
4. An energy-dissipating pressure-reducing anchor backing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in use, the contact surface between the backing plate and the rock-soil mass is firstly leveled to keep the backing plate stable;
high-strength shearing bolts symmetrically penetrate through bolt holes of the lower backing plate and are screwed down by nuts to prevent the high-strength shearing bolts from falling off;
sequentially enabling the anchor cable to penetrate through central openings of the lower backing plate and the upper backing plate, enabling the square-shaped shear plate and the shear-bearing plate between the upper backing plate and the lower backing plate to be meshed, and enabling the high-strength shear bolt to support the upper shear plate;
applying pretightening force to the anchor cable, and locking by using an anchor head; after completion, the waterproof foam and rubber material can be filled for preventing rainwater corrosion.
5. An energy-dissipating pressure-reducing anchor backing plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the load of the anchor cable or the anchor rod is directly applied to the upper backing plate; initially, all loads are borne by the uppermost row of high-strength shearing bolts; at the moment, the vertical height of the anchor backing plate is unchanged; when the tension of the anchor cable or the anchor rod reaches the critical strength, the first row of high-strength shearing bolts are sheared; the upper anchor backing plate moves downwards, the vertical height is reduced, and the tensile deformation of the anchor cable is reduced, so that the effect of yielding and preventing fracture is realized; when the critical strength is reached again, the second row of high-strength shearing bolts are sheared similarly, and the force of the anchor cable is reduced again; by analogy, the multi-row high-strength shearing bolts play a role in grading yielding; after all high-strength shearing bolts are broken, the shearing plate and the shear bearing plate are completely occluded and do not move any more, and the maximum material strength is exerted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210239812.6A CN114575906A (en) | 2022-03-12 | 2022-03-12 | Energy dissipation lets presses anchor backing plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210239812.6A CN114575906A (en) | 2022-03-12 | 2022-03-12 | Energy dissipation lets presses anchor backing plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114575906A true CN114575906A (en) | 2022-06-03 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210239812.6A Pending CN114575906A (en) | 2022-03-12 | 2022-03-12 | Energy dissipation lets presses anchor backing plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114575906A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003232521A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2003-11-20 | Minova Australia Pty Limited | Rock bolting system |
| CN104373145A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-02-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Anchor device with functions of embedding, constant-resistance classifying, shear resisting and large deforming and method |
| CN104499493A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Deformable prestressed anchor pier |
| CN104831724A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 重庆交通大学 | Large-deformation anchoring device |
| CN206928960U (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-01-26 | 中铁十四局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of multistage allows pressure to warn anchor pole |
| US20200102826A1 (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-04-02 | Institute Of Rock And Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Recyclable sand-consolidated anchor head prestressed anchor, anchorage jack and its application method |
| CN112901232A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-04 | 广西大学 | Multistage pressure stock that lets of compensation prestressing force loss |
-
2022
- 2022-03-12 CN CN202210239812.6A patent/CN114575906A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003232521A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2003-11-20 | Minova Australia Pty Limited | Rock bolting system |
| CN104373145A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-02-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Anchor device with functions of embedding, constant-resistance classifying, shear resisting and large deforming and method |
| CN104499493A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Deformable prestressed anchor pier |
| CN104831724A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 重庆交通大学 | Large-deformation anchoring device |
| CN206928960U (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-01-26 | 中铁十四局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of multistage allows pressure to warn anchor pole |
| US20200102826A1 (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-04-02 | Institute Of Rock And Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Recyclable sand-consolidated anchor head prestressed anchor, anchorage jack and its application method |
| CN112901232A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-04 | 广西大学 | Multistage pressure stock that lets of compensation prestressing force loss |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴玉意;: "新型锚索让压器让压性能研究", 煤矿安全, no. 09, 20 September 2020 (2020-09-20), pages 130 - 133 * |
| 王成军等: "动压软岩巷道用让压锚杆的设计与性能分析", 机械设计, no. 08, 20 August 2013 (2013-08-20), pages 93 - 96 * |
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