CN102865088B - Tension and compression coupling type high-strength and high-deformation anchor rod and method for using same - Google Patents
Tension and compression coupling type high-strength and high-deformation anchor rod and method for using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102865088B CN102865088B CN201210353286.2A CN201210353286A CN102865088B CN 102865088 B CN102865088 B CN 102865088B CN 201210353286 A CN201210353286 A CN 201210353286A CN 102865088 B CN102865088 B CN 102865088B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tension and compression coupling type high-strength and high-deformation anchor rod and a method for using the same. The tension and compression coupling type high-strength and high-deformation anchor rod mainly consists of an anchor rod body, a tray and a nut, the outside of a hole is fixed by the nut and is used as an outer anchoring section, the inside of the hole is adhered with the anchor rod body after being filled with anchoring agents and is used as an inner anchoring section, the surface of the anchor rod body of the inner anchoring section is in two states, a portion, which is close to a hole opening, of the surface of the anchor rod body of the inner anchoring section is smooth and round, a portion, which is close to a hole bottom, of the surface of the anchor rod body of the inner anchoring section is rough, the smooth and round rod body is a temporary inner anchoring section, namely a quasi-free section, the rough rod body is a permanent inner anchoring section, and a load bearing table is arranged on the rod body and is adjacent to the permanent inner anchoring section and the temporary inner anchoring section. The stress state of the anchor rod during field application is obviously optimized, the tension and compression coupling type high-strength and high-deformation anchor rod is simple in structure, and the reliability and the supporting effect of the anchor rod are improved obviously under the conditions that construction efficiency is not affected and cost is only increased a little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the anchor pole of supporting in the engineerings such as a kind of water conservancy and hydropower, side slope, tunnel and mine, particularly relate to a kind of high-strength prestressed deformable anchor pole and using method thereof.
Background technology
In the engineering support processes such as mine, water conservancy and hydropower, side slope and tunnel, anchor pole applies a lot of a kind of support equipments.Along with mining depth constantly increases and the construction of extensive underground construction, the geological conditions faced becomes increasingly complex, and country rock often shows feature that is heavily stressed, large deformation.This situation requires the existing higher anchored force of anchor pole, has again good deformation performance.
The stress state of anchor pole residing for grouting body, can be divided into two classes, a class is tension type anchor pole, and another kind of is pressure type anchor rod.
Tension type anchor pole as shown in Figure 1, form primarily of anchor bar body 1, pallet 2 and nut 3, anchor bar body 1 generally adopts the screwed reinforcement fabrication of total length, be outer anchoring section c after hole external application nut 3 tightens up, fill with after Anchor Agent 5 in hole and anchor bar body 1 is bonded as tension type grouted part e, belong to full length fastening formula anchor pole; Have in order to Shi Hanzhang, have one section not fill with Anchor Agent as free segment in hole.Tension type rockbolt stress feature is that its load is that the shear stress relied on interface that the grouted part body of rod contacts with the body that is in the milk is transmitted to bottom by outer end.When this tension type anchor pole works under condition of high ground stress, shear stress between the body of rod-slurry-hole wall distributes very uneven vertically, there is serious stress concentration phenomenon in grouted part outer end, thus easily cause outer end anchoring body drawing crack, effectively anchoring section to move in continuing, cause anchoring body progressive destruction, finally cause anchor pole failure damage, the anchored force that therefore simple tension type anchor pole can provide is limited.In addition, due to grouted part body of rod rough surface, to combine closely with Anchor Agent and not easily separated, when country rock produces crack, the body of rod limited length playing deformation performance can be separated with Anchor Agent, when deflection reaches about 30mm, rupture failure occur, can not the requirement of suitable for surrounding rock large deformation.
Pressure type anchor rod as shown in Figure 2, supporting body 8 primarily of anchor bar body 1, pallet 2, nut 3 and bottom forms, be outer anchoring section c after hole external application nut 3 tightens up, fill with Anchor Agent 5 in hole, anchor bar body 1 surface is covered with plastic interlayer 9, thus with Anchor Agent 5 soap-free emulsion polymeization, so as free segment d, anchor bar body 1 bottom is provided with supporting body 8, supporting body 8 Anchor Agent anchoring, therefore belongs to end anchor formula; As Chinese patent CN 101586466B, when anchor bar body is stressed, pulling force directly reaches bottom supporting body 8 by soap-free emulsion polymeization anchor bar body 1, applies compressive stress by supporting body to injecting cement paste, and dependence grouting body and the shearing drag around between Rock And Soil provide the bearing capacity needed for anchor pole.During this anchor pole load-bearing, grouted part pressurized, not easy to crack, overcome the shortcoming of tension type anchor pole.But the bearing capacity of grouted part is subject to the compressive strength of Anchor Agent own and the restriction of shear strength between Anchor Agent and hole wall, is difficult to reach higher bearing capacity.
In order to make anchor pole, there is large deformation character, current large deformation anchor rod is generally by arranging the frame for movements such as friction sleeve pipe, bolt deformation is realized by the slip between the body of rod and these structural members, as Chinese patent CN 101858225A, 201110061303.0,201210020742.1,201110187361.8 etc., these large deformation anchor rod complex structures, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the anchoring unit of tension type and pressure type anchor rod to combine, to improve anchor-holding force of anchor bolt, and make it have large deformation character, the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of a kind of tension and compression coupling type and using method thereof are provided.
Its technical solution is:
The high-strength large deformation anchor rod of a kind of tension and compression coupling type, primarily of anchor bar body, pallet and nut composition, hole external application nut tightens up rear as outer anchoring section, with anchor bar body bonds as grouted part after filling with Anchor Agent in hole; It is characterized in that: the anchor bar body surface of grouted part is two states, and that section near aperture is light round shape, is coarse shape near that section at the bottom of hole; The light round shape body of rod forms interim grouted part, is also called " accurate free segment ", and the coarse shape body of rod forms permanent grouted part; The body of rod that permanent grouted part and interim grouted part two sections have a common boundary is provided with force-bearing table.
Described coarse shape preferably refers to that body of rod surface is threaded or the body of rod is twisted shape, it can with Anchor Agent strong bonded, not easily separated.
For the ease of the installation of anchor pole, described force-bearing table is a component being connected on anchor bar body.Force-bearing table is configured with various ways, only enumerates two kinds below:
1) force-bearing table is the several sections be welded on around anchor bar body is trapezoidal circular cone, and circular cone equiblibrium mass distribution, leaves slip casting passage between adjacent a pair circular cone.
2) force-bearing table is the section be welded on anchor bar body is semiorbicular circular cone.
For preventing the outer anchoring section body of rod from surrendering before " accurate free segment " starts to extend, outer anchoring section anchor bar body intensity should be greater than grouted part anchor bar body intensity, can take one of following measures:
1) when processing anchor pole, the body of rod of external anchoring section is heat-treated.
2) rod body material of two kinds of varying strengths is selected to link together.
3) the outer anchoring section body of rod diameter of anchor bar body is greater than accurate free segment body of rod diameter.
For preventing the outer anchoring section body of rod from surrendering before " accurate free segment " starts to extend, force-bearing table can also be set on the body of rod of aperture place light round shape, stressed to reduce outer anchoring section.
For coordinated allocation is to the size of the power of force-bearing table and the grouted part body of rod, prevent one of them premature failure, on the body of rod, force-bearing table arranges elastic cushion block near anchor hole side; Its thickness is suitably adjusted to reach the object of body of rod Coupling Deformation, stress equilibrium distribution before and after force-bearing table according to the modulus of elasticity of cushion block; Elastic cushion block is connected with force-bearing table.
One of using method of the present invention is:
1) first treating to beat anchor hole in supporting rock mass, anchor hole diameter should be greater than the external diameter of force-bearing table of the present invention;
2) in anchor hole, put into fast-set resin anchoring cartridge and slow setting anchoring cartridge successively, after anchor pole is inserted inside force-bearing table is rapid solidification anchor agent, and outside force-bearing table is slow solidification anchor agent;
3) by roof bolting machine, anchor pole is rotated press-in anchor hole, anchoring cartridge is squeezed and breaks and even mix, after rapid solidification anchor agent solidifies at the bottom of hole, applies certain prestressing force to anchor pole, and the fixing outer anchoring section of fastening nut; Outside slow solidification anchor agent slowly solidifies afterwards, plays second consolidation effect to anchor pole.
Two of using method of the present invention is:
1) first treating to beat anchor hole in supporting rock mass, anchor hole diameter should be greater than the external diameter of force-bearing table of the present invention;
2) anchor pole is inserted anchor hole, then mortar is injected anchor hole, after mortar solidifies, certain prestressing force is applied to anchor pole, and the fixing outer anchoring section of fastening nut.
Operating principle of the present invention is: when country rock generation large deformation, pulling force can be produced to anchor bar body, because that section near aperture is light round shape, be separated with Anchor Agent under a stretching force, become " free segment ", under the working resistance state that maintenance is higher, tension is extended, and has adapted to the feature of country rock large deformation, and has absorbed a large amount of surrouding rock deformation energy; When pull transfer is to force-bearing table, a part of power is delivered to country rock by force-bearing table, and another part power is then delivered to permanent grouted part, and force-bearing table plays stress dispersion effect, prevent permanent grouted part to surrender prior to " accurate free segment ", ensure that the performance of free segment deformation properties.Force-bearing table also limit the displacement of the grouted part body of rod, the anchoring body progressive destruction preventing shear stress concentration to cause, and shearing suffered by anchoring body is obtained and more reasonably distributes, and improves the maximum Support Resistance that anchor pole can provide.
Being also advantageous in that of the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type of the present invention:
1) tension type anchor pole and pressure type anchor rod are coupled by the present invention, jointly share rockbolt stress, improve the limit anchoring force of anchor pole, achieve the object of anchor pole " high-strength ".
2) the present invention can apply a certain amount of prestressing force by stretch-draw, and such anchor pole produces pressure pair to country rock and has positive role with the shear strain of opposing rock mass.
3) the present invention obviously optimizes stress when anchor pole is applied at the scene, and structure is simple, can not affect efficiency of construction, when cost increases few, significantly improve reliability and the supporting effect of anchor pole.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is existing tension type anchor pole schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is existing pressure type anchor rod schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the high-strength large deformation anchor rod schematic diagram of tension and compression coupling type of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type of the present invention arranges force-bearing table schematic diagram in aperture;
Fig. 5 is that the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type of the present invention is at force-bearing table arranged outside elastic cushion block schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the stereogram of a kind of embodiment of force-bearing table of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the stereogram of the another kind of embodiment of force-bearing table of the present invention.
Marginal data, 1-anchor bar body, 2-pallet, 3-nut, 4-force-bearing table, 5-Anchor Agent, the circular cone that 6-is trapezoidal, the semiorbicular circular cone of 7-, 8-low side supporting body, 9-plastic interlayer, 10-aperture force-bearing table, 11-elastic cushion block, 12-slip casting passage, the permanent grouted part of a-, the interim grouted part of b-, the outer anchoring section of c-, d-free segment, e-tension type grouted part.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of existing tension type anchor pole and pressure type anchor rod respectively, and its structure no longer describes in detail.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3-Fig. 7, technical scheme of the present invention is described.
As shown in Figure 3, the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of a kind of tension and compression coupling type, forms primarily of anchor bar body 1, pallet 2 and nut 3, and hole external application nut 3 tightens up rear as outer anchoring section c, fills with after Anchor Agent 5 and anchor bar body 1 bonds as grouted part in hole; Wherein anchor bar body 1 surface of grouted part is two states, and that section near aperture is light round shape, is coarse shape near that section at the bottom of hole; The light round shape body of rod forms interim grouted part b, is also called " accurate free segment ", and the coarse shape body of rod forms permanent grouted part a; And on two sections of bodies of rod had a common boundary, force-bearing table 4 is set.
Above-mentioned coarse shape preferably refers to that body of rod surface is threaded or the body of rod is twisted shape, it can with Anchor Agent strong bonded, not easily separated.
Described force-bearing table 4 is one and is connected on anchor bar body 1 and is provided with the component of slip casting passage.As shown in Figure 6, force-bearing table 4 is the several sections be welded on around anchor bar body 1 is trapezoidal circular cone 6, and circular cone 6 equiblibrium mass distribution, leaves slip casting passage 12 between adjacent a pair circular cone; Force-bearing table 4 is the sections be welded on anchor bar body 1 is as shown in Figure 7 semiorbicular circular cone 7.Force-bearing table 4 is configured with various ways, is not limited only to above-mentioned two kinds.
For preventing outer anchoring section c anchor bar body from surrendering before interim grouted part b starts to extend, outer anchoring section c anchor bar body intensity should be greater than interim grouted part b lever strength, can take one of following measures:
1) when processing anchor pole, the body of rod of external anchoring section c is heat-treated.
2) rod body material of two kinds of varying strengths is selected to link together.
3) outer anchoring section c body of rod diameter is greater than body of rod diameter.
For preventing outer anchoring section c from surrendering before interim grouted part b starts to extend, force-bearing table as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7 can also be set on the body of rod of aperture place light round shape, stressed to reduce outer anchoring section c.
For coordinated allocation is to the size of the power of force-bearing table and the grouted part body of rod, prevents one of them premature failure, at force-bearing table, elastic cushion block 11 is set near anchor hole side; Its thickness is suitably adjusted to reach the object of body of rod Coupling Deformation, stress equilibrium distribution before and after force-bearing table according to the modulus of elasticity of cushion block; Elastic cushion block is connected with force-bearing table.
When described Anchor Agent adopts resin anchoring agent, the preferred using method of one of the present invention is:
1) first treating to beat anchor hole in supporting rock mass, anchor hole diameter should be greater than the external diameter of force-bearing table 4 of the present invention;
2) in anchor hole, put into fast-set resin anchoring cartridge and slow setting anchoring cartridge successively, after anchor pole is inserted inside force-bearing table is rapid solidification anchor agent, and outside force-bearing table is slow solidification anchor agent;
3) by roof bolting machine, anchor pole is rotated press-in anchor hole, anchoring cartridge is squeezed and breaks and even mix, and be full of anchor hole, rapid solidification anchor agent at the bottom of hole solidifies comparatively fast, after it solidifies, applies certain prestressing force to anchor pole, and fastening nut fixes outer anchoring section; Outside force-bearing table, slow solidification anchor agent slowly solidifies afterwards, plays second consolidation effect to anchor pole.
When described Anchor Agent adopts mortar, the preferred using method of one of the present invention is:
1) first treating to beat anchor hole in supporting rock mass, anchor hole diameter should be greater than the external diameter of force-bearing table of the present invention;
2) anchor pole is inserted anchor hole, then mortar is injected anchor hole, after mortar solidifies, certain prestressing force is applied to anchor pole, and the fixing outer anchoring section of fastening nut.
Claims (8)
1. the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type, it is primarily of anchor bar body, pallet and nut composition, and hole external application nut tightens up rear as outer anchoring section, with anchor bar body bonds as grouted part after filling with Anchor Agent in hole; It is characterized in that, the anchor bar body surface of grouted part is two states, and that section near aperture is light round shape, is coarse shape near that section at the bottom of hole; The light round shape body of rod forms interim grouted part, and also known as the free segment that is as the criterion, the coarse shape body of rod forms permanent grouted part; The body of rod that permanent grouted part and interim grouted part two sections have a common boundary is provided with force-bearing table, and the side near anchor hole on force-bearing table is provided with elastic cushion block; The body of rod of aperture place light round shape is separately provided with force-bearing table.
2. the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described coarse shape structure to be threaded on body of rod surface or the body of rod is twisted shape.
3. the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described force-bearing table is the several sections be welded on around anchor bar body is trapezoidal circular cone, and circular cone equiblibrium mass distribution, leaves slip casting passage between adjacent a pair circular cone.
4. the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described force-bearing table is the section be welded on anchor bar body is semiorbicular circular cone.
5. the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the intensity of the outer anchoring section rod body material of anchor pole is greater than accurate free segment rod body material intensity.
6. the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the outer anchoring section body of rod diameter of anchor pole is greater than accurate free segment body of rod diameter.
7. the using method of the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-6, is characterized in that,
The first step: first treating to beat anchor hole in supporting rock mass, anchor hole diameter should be greater than the external diameter of described force-bearing table;
Second step: put into fast-set resin anchoring cartridge and slow setting anchoring cartridge in anchor hole successively, namely after anchor pole inserts anchor hole, inside force-bearing table is rapid solidification anchor agent, and outside force-bearing table is slow solidification anchor agent;
3rd step: anchor pole is rotated press-in anchor hole by roof bolting machine, anchoring cartridge is squeezed and breaks and even mix, after rapid solidification anchor agent solidifies at the bottom of hole, applies certain prestressing force to anchor pole, and the fixing outer anchoring section of fastening nut; Outside slow solidification anchor agent slowly solidifies afterwards, plays second consolidation effect to anchor pole.
8. the using method of the high-strength large deformation anchor rod of tension and compression coupling type as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-6, is characterized in that,
The first step: first treating to beat anchor hole in supporting rock mass, anchor hole diameter should be greater than the external diameter of described force-bearing table;
Second step: anchor pole is inserted anchor hole, then injects anchor hole by mortar, after mortar solidifies, applies certain prestressing force to anchor pole, and the fixing outer anchoring section of fastening nut.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210353286.2A CN102865088B (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2012-09-12 | Tension and compression coupling type high-strength and high-deformation anchor rod and method for using same |
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| CN201210353286.2A CN102865088B (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2012-09-12 | Tension and compression coupling type high-strength and high-deformation anchor rod and method for using same |
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| CN102865088A CN102865088A (en) | 2013-01-09 |
| CN102865088B true CN102865088B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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| CN103147777B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2015-01-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Pumping paste prestress full bolting anchor rod/cable supporting method |
| CN103306280B (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2016-06-01 | 郭财宝 | A kind of drill pipe bore implants stirring-type anchoring pile and anchoring process |
| CN104806279A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-07-29 | 蒲长晏 | Combined anchor rod |
| CN105696594B (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-11-28 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of anti-lateral deflection anti-float anchor rod of retardation setting type and its construction method |
| US10941657B2 (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2021-03-09 | Fci Holdings Delaware, Inc. | Corrosion resistant yieldable bolt |
| CN106485031B (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2019-08-30 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of optimum design method of weathered rock side slope reinforcement with prestressed anchor length |
| CN109723480B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-04-24 | 山东科技大学 | Tension-compression coupling yielding energy-absorbing grouting anchor rod for large deformation of surrounding rock and working method |
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