CN114573850B - 一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,具体涉及一种聚氨酯导管表面疏水疏油双疏涂层的制备方法。本发明首先在聚氨酯导管表面制备丙烯酸羟乙酯封端的聚氨酯的涂层,然后将涂有丙烯酸羟乙酯封端的聚氨酯涂层的聚氨酯导管浸涂聚丙烯酸和全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯反应物溶液,使其在导管表面聚合,制备具有超双疏涂层的聚氨酯导管。聚氨酯涂层与导管结构相似性使超双疏涂层易于亲附在聚氨酯表面,增加涂层的牢固度,全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯与丙烯酸在导管表面发生交联反应,引入聚丙烯酸‑全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯共聚物,赋予聚氨酯导管较低的表面能,使导管具有超双疏性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,具体涉及一种聚氨酯导管表面疏水疏油双疏涂层的制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯材料具有优异的力学性能,生物相容性等特点,广泛应用于介入导管。在介入治疗中,导管的留置会造成蛋白质、血小板以及细菌的粘附,造成血栓,感染等各种并发症。因此,研究者对于聚氨酯介入导管表面进行了各种改性和修饰研究。在含氟聚合物中氟原子的半径很小,C-F键键能很大,因此含氟聚合物的表面能很小。在聚合物的主链和侧链中引入含氟基团能够在不降低材料原有优势的条件下赋予材料较低的表面能,可用于制备具有超双疏表面性能的材料。超双疏表面是指对水和油的接触角均大于150°的表面,在聚氨酯导管表面制备超双疏涂层,可以赋予导管疏水疏油特性,减少蛋白质及细菌等的黏附,从而降低血栓及感染发生率。
CN108264815A发明了一种超疏水性超疏油聚合物纳米涂料的制备方法,该制备方法制备的超疏水超疏油聚合物纳米涂料具有优异的超疏水超疏油效果,但是该专利公开的制备条件比较复杂,反应不易控制。CN 106806038 A发明了一种具有超疏水疏油复合纳米涂层的血管置入物,该复合纳米涂层为厚度50-5000nm的含氟纳米聚合物保护膜,防止血液与置入物接触,减少凝血,但该专利未提供涂层制备方法。为减少蛋白质,血小板以及细菌在导管上的黏附,本发明提供一种在聚氨酯导管表面制备聚丙烯酸-全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯共聚物涂层的方法,赋予聚氨酯介入导管超双疏性能
发明内容
为解决目前介入用聚氨酯导管存在的蛋白质、血小板、细菌黏附问题,本发明提供了一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法:
一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)用去离子水对导管清洁后吹干待用;
(2)取x份聚四亚甲基醚二醇,溶解后升温至60-65℃,加入y份异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯,升温至75-80℃,将步骤(1)所得导管浸泡后取出,85-90℃继续反应1-2h后,在溶液中加入三羟甲基丙烷,导管再次浸入溶液后取出,在85-90℃反应1-2h后浸入0.01-0.1mol/L丙烯酸羟乙酯的甲醇溶液后取出,置于40-60℃反应1-2h,去离子水洗涤干燥待用;
(3)取n份全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯放入圆底烧瓶,通氮气环境下加入THF溶解,升温至50-65℃,加入m份丙烯酸,搅拌下加入少量催化剂偶氮二异丁腈,升温至80-90℃,将步骤(2)所得导管浸泡后取出反应,用丙酮洗涤,干燥后得到超双疏聚氨酯导管;
优选的,步骤(1)导管清洗方法为20-40℃超声清洗5-10min,40-60℃烘干30-60min;
优选的,步骤(2)所述聚四亚甲基醚二醇和异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯为市售,聚四亚甲基醚二醇分子量为1000-2000;
优选的,步骤(2)所述聚四亚甲基醚二醇与异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯加入的摩尔比为1:(3~7);
优选的,步骤(2)溶剂为环己酮、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、二甲基甲酰胺等有机溶剂;
优选的,步骤(2)所述浸泡时间为1-2min;
优选的,步骤(3)所述全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯与丙烯酸为市售,摩尔比为100:(3~8);
优选的,步骤(3)所述导管浸泡时间为1-2min;
优选的,步骤(3)需重复浸泡2次,间隔时间40-60min;
优选的,步骤(3)所述导管取出后反应温度为80-90℃,第二次浸泡取出后反应时间2-4h。
步骤(2)和步骤(3)反应过程如下:
本发明首先在聚氨酯导管表面制备丙烯酸羟乙酯封端的聚氨酯涂层,然后制备聚丙烯酸和全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯反应溶液,将涂有丙烯酸羟乙酯封端的聚氨酯的涂层的聚氨酯导管浸涂聚丙烯酸和全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯反应物溶液,使其在导管表面聚合,制备具有超双疏涂层的聚氨酯导管。聚氨酯涂层与导管结构相似性使超双疏涂层易于亲附在聚氨酯表面,增加涂层的牢固度,全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯与丙烯酸在导管表面发生交联反应,引入聚丙烯酸-全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯共聚物,赋予聚氨酯导管较低的表面能,使导管具有超双疏性能。
具体实施方式
为了更好的对本发明进行说明,下面结合本发明实施例对本发明的技术方案进行描述如下:
比较例1:
1.将导管置于超声波清洗机中,加水调节温度至35℃清洗3次,每次5min,吹干待用;
2.取100份全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯放入圆底烧瓶,通氮气环境下加入THF溶解,升温至50℃,加入3份丙烯酸,搅拌下加入少量催化剂偶氮二异丁腈,升温至90℃,将步骤(2)所得导管浸泡2min后取出,90℃反应4h,反应完成后20℃去离子水洗涤3次,40℃烘干30min,得到超双疏聚氨酯导管。
比较例2:
1.将导管置于超声波清洗机中,加水调节温度至35℃清洗3次,每次5min,吹干待用;
2.取1份聚四亚甲基醚二醇(M=1500),DMF溶解后升温至65℃,加入4份异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯,升温至80℃,将步骤(1)所得导管浸泡2min后取出,90℃继续反应1.5h后,向溶液中加入三羟甲基丙烷,导管再次浸入溶液2min后取出,在90℃反应1h后浸入0.05mol/L丙烯酸羟乙酯的甲醇溶液后取出,置于60℃反应1.5h,去离子水洗涤干燥待用。
实施例1:
1.将导管置于超声波清洗机中,加水调节温度至35℃清洗3次,每次5min,吹干待用;
2.取1份聚四亚甲基醚二醇(M=1000),DMF溶解后升温至60℃,加入3份异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯,升温至75℃,将步骤(1)所得导管浸泡后取出,在85℃继续反应1h后,向溶液中加入三羟甲基丙烷,导管再次浸入溶液1min后取出,在85℃反应1h后浸入0.01mol/L丙烯酸羟乙酯的甲醇溶液后取出,置于40℃反应1h,去离子水洗涤干燥待用;
3.取100份全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯放入圆底烧瓶,通氮气环境下加入THF溶解,升温至50℃,加入3份丙烯酸,搅拌下加入少量催化剂偶氮二异丁腈,升温至80℃,将步骤(2)所得导管浸泡1min后取出,80℃反应40min后再次浸入圆底烧瓶中的反应溶液,1min后取出,80℃继续反1.5h后20℃去离子水洗涤3次,40℃烘干30min,得到超双疏聚氨酯导管。
实施例2:
1.将导管置于超声波清洗机中,加水调节温度至35℃清洗3次,每次5min,吹干待用;
2.取1份聚四亚甲基醚二醇(M=2000),DMF溶解后升温至65℃,加入7份异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯,升温至80℃,将步骤(1)所得导管浸泡2min后取出,90℃继续反应2h后,向溶液中加入三羟甲基丙烷,导管再次浸入溶液2min后取出,在90℃反应2h后浸入0.1mol/L丙烯酸羟乙酯的甲醇溶液后取出,置于60℃反应2h,去离子水洗涤干燥待用;
3.取100份全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯放入圆底烧瓶,通氮气环境下加入THF溶解,升温至65℃,加入8份丙烯酸,搅拌下加入少量催化剂偶氮二异丁腈,升温至90℃,将步骤(2)所得导管浸泡2min后取出,90℃反应60min后再次浸入圆底烧瓶中的反应溶液,2min后取出,90℃继续反应3h,完成后20℃去离子水洗涤3次,40℃烘干30min,得到超双疏聚氨酯导管。
实施例3:
1.将导管置于超声波清洗机中,加水调节温度至35℃清洗3次,每次5min,吹干待用;
2.取1份聚四亚甲基醚二醇(M=1500),DMF溶解后升温至65℃,加入4份异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯,升温至80℃,将步骤(1)所得导管浸泡2min后取出,90℃继续反应1.5h后,向溶液中加入三羟甲基丙烷,导管再次浸入溶液2min后取出,在90℃反应1h后浸入0.05mol/L丙烯酸羟乙酯的甲醇溶液后取出,置于60℃反应1.5h,去离子水洗涤干燥待用;
3.取100份全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯放入圆底烧瓶,通氮气环境下加入THF溶解,升温至65℃,加入5份丙烯酸,搅拌下加入少量催化剂偶氮二异丁腈,升温至90℃,将步骤(2)所得导管浸泡2min后取出,90℃反应50min后再次浸入圆底烧瓶中的反应溶液,2min后取出,90℃继续反应2h,完成后20℃去离子水洗涤3次,40℃烘干30min,得到超双疏聚氨酯导管。
实施例4
分别取比较例1,实施例1-3和未改性导管进行试验,分别测试未改性导管和实施例1-3制备的导管表面与水和食用油的接触角,结果如表1所示:
样品 | 水 | 食用油 |
未改性导管 | 114 | 102 |
比较例1 | 142 | 145 |
实施例1 | 154 | 152 |
实施例2 | 158 | 155 |
实施例3 | 156 | 154 |
由以上结果可知,对导管表面改性后,获得具有超双疏表面效果的导管与水和食用油的接触角均大于150°。比较例1由于涂层附着量和牢固度问题导致双疏效果比实施例差。
实施例5
对实施例1-3以及比较例1所得导管进行烘干至恒重,质量为M1,超声30min后取出烘干至恒重,质量为M2,由公式:Wt=[(M1-M2)/M1]*100%计算涂层存留率,结果如下:
样品 | 涂层存留率 |
比较例1 | 78.6% |
比较例2 | 99.5% |
实施例1 | 99.2% |
实施例2 | 97.8% |
实施例3 | 98.6% |
实施例4 | 99.4% |
实施例5 | 98.8% |
由实验结果可知本发明利用聚四亚甲基醚二醇和异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯在导管表面反应后制备聚氨酯涂层,进一步引入聚丙烯酸-全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯共聚物,所得涂层牢固度和稳定性效果优于比较例1。
Claims (9)
1.一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)用去离子水对导管清洁后吹干待用;
(2)取x份聚四亚甲基醚二醇,溶剂溶解后升温至60-65℃,加入y份异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯,所述聚四亚甲基醚二醇与异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯加入的摩尔比为1:(3~7),升温至75-80℃,将步骤(1)所得导管浸泡后取出,85-90℃继续反应1-2h后,在溶液中加入三羟甲基丙烷,导管再次浸入溶液后取出,在85-90℃反应1-2h后浸入0.01-0.1mol/L丙烯酸羟乙酯的甲醇溶液后取出,置于40-60℃反应1-2h;去离子水洗涤干燥待用;
(3)取n份全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯放入圆底烧瓶,通氮气环境下加入THF溶解,升温至50-65℃,加入m份丙烯酸,搅拌下加入少量催化剂偶氮二异丁腈,升温至80-90℃,将步骤(2)所得导管浸泡后取出反应,用丙酮洗涤,干燥后得到超双疏聚氨酯导管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)导管清洗方法为20-40℃超声清洗5-10min,40-60℃烘干30-60min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述聚四亚甲基醚二醇和异氟尔酮二异氰酸甲酯为市售,所述聚四亚甲基醚二醇分子量为1000-2000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述溶剂为环己酮、四氢呋喃、二氧六环、二甲基甲酰胺有机溶剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述浸泡时间为1-2min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯与丙烯酸为市售,摩尔比为100:(3~8)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述导管浸泡时间为1-2min。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)需重复浸泡2次,间隔时间40-60min。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种超双疏聚氨酯导管制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述导管取出后反应温度为80-90℃,第二次浸泡取出后反应时间2-4h。
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