CN114571610B - Zirconia micro-pore processing technology and device - Google Patents
Zirconia micro-pore processing technology and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114571610B CN114571610B CN202210387571.XA CN202210387571A CN114571610B CN 114571610 B CN114571610 B CN 114571610B CN 202210387571 A CN202210387571 A CN 202210387571A CN 114571610 B CN114571610 B CN 114571610B
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/14—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by boring or drilling
- B28D1/146—Tools therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
- B28D7/04—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups for supporting or holding work or conveying or discharging work
Abstract
The invention discloses a zirconia micro-hole processing technology and a zirconia micro-hole processing device, wherein the zirconia micro-hole processing technology comprises the following steps: setting a clamp structure according to the structure of the workpiece and the position of a hole to be machined on the workpiece; selecting a target cutter for drilling according to the material of the workpiece and the parameters of a hole to be processed on the workpiece; setting processing parameters according to the material of the workpiece and a target cutter; drilling a hole in the workpiece according to the clamp, the target tool and the machining parameters. The micro-pore processing technology of zirconia has the advantage of good micro-pore punching effect on zirconia materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a zirconia micro-hole machining process and device.
Background
At present, the processing of micro holes (with the aperture smaller than 0.05 mm) on zirconia serving as a superhard material (with the hardness reaching more than 90 degrees after sintering) in the industry is mainly based on laser drilling, and the micro holes formed by the method have the defects of unaesthetic orifice, poor smoothness in the holes and poor roundness. Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a process that can create aesthetically pleasing micro-holes in zirconia materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a zirconia micro-pore processing technology, which aims to provide a technology capable of punching micro-pores with high hole smoothness and good roundness on zirconia materials.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a process for processing a micro-hole of zirconia, comprising:
setting a clamp structure according to the structure of the workpiece and the position of a hole to be machined on the workpiece;
selecting a target cutter for drilling according to the material of the workpiece and the parameters of a hole to be processed on the workpiece;
setting processing parameters according to the material of the workpiece and a target cutter;
drilling a hole in the workpiece according to the clamp, the target tool and the machining parameters.
In some embodiments, selecting a target tool for drilling based on a material determination of a workpiece and a parameter of a hole to be machined in the workpiece, comprises:
selecting a target material required by a target cutter according to the material of the workpiece;
after the target material of the cutter is determined, when the cutter for acquiring the target material has a front edge included angle value interval of [90 degrees, 135 degrees ], the cutter with different front edge included angles abrades the cutting edge of the workpiece when drilling holes;
and selecting the included angle of the front edge of the target cutter according to the abrasion of the cutting tip.
In some embodiments, the included angle of the leading edge of the target cutter is not less than 120 ° and not more than 135 °.
In some embodiments, the target tool for drilling is selected according to the material of the workpiece and the parameters of the hole to be machined in the workpiece, and the method further comprises:
determining the diameter d of the drill edge of the target cutter according to the aperture of the hole to be processed;
determining a maximum edge length L1 of a drill edge of a target tool according to the drill edge diameter, wherein l1=5d;
determining the minimum edge length L2 of the drilling edge of the target cutter according to the hole depth of the hole to be processed;
when the length range of the drilling edge is [ L2, L1], the rigidity condition of the cutter when the cutters with different drilling edge lengths drill on a workpiece, the roundness of the drilled hole and the smoothness of the inner wall of the drilled hole are obtained;
the edge length of the target cutter drill edge is selected according to the rigidity condition, the roundness of the drilled hole and the finish of the inner wall of the hole.
In some embodiments, the edge length of the target cutter drill edge is no less than 0.2mm and no greater than 0.4mm.
In some embodiments, setting processing parameters according to a material of a workpiece and a target tool includes:
determining the cutting speed during drilling according to the material of the workpiece and the material of the target cutter;
according to the target rotation speed of the target tool during drilling in the formula 1, the formula 1 is as follows:
N＝1000×V/(π×d)，
in the formula 1, N is the rotating speed of the cutter (r/min), V is the cutting speed (m/min), pi is the circumference ratio, and d is the diameter of the cutting edge (mm);
the target feed speed of the target tool at the time of drilling is calculated according to equation 2, equation 2 being as follows:
F＝N×Z×fz，
in the formula 2, F is the feed speed (unit: mm/min), N is the rotation speed of the target tool, Z is the number of edge of the target tool, and fz is the cutting amount (unit: mm) per edge.
In some embodiments, after the feeding speed is obtained, setting processing parameters according to the material of the workpiece and the target tool, and further including:
obtaining cutter loss of a target cutter when drilling a workpiece at different preset single cutting amounts under the condition of target rotating speed and target feeding speed;
and determining the target single cutting amount during drilling according to the cutter loss.
In some embodiments, drilling the workpiece according to the clamp, the target tool, and the machining parameters includes:
and controlling the target cutter to finish drilling in a mode of alternately feeding and retracting, wherein the drilling amount of each feeding is based on the target single cutting amount.
In some embodiments, the fixture comprises a positioning plate, wherein a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the positioning plate, the clamping grooves are distributed on the positioning plate at intervals, the opening orientations of the clamping grooves are consistent, and the clamping grooves are used for fixing a workpiece.
The invention also provides a micro-hole machining device which is characterized by comprising a clamp and a cutter, wherein the clamp and the cutter are arranged based on the zirconia micro-hole machining process, and the micro-hole machining device is used for drilling a workpiece based on the machining parameters of the zirconia micro-hole machining process.
According to the zirconia micro-hole machining process, the fixture is arranged according to the workpiece structure and the position of the hole to be machined in the workpiece, the target cutter is selected according to the material of the workpiece and the parameter of the hole to be machined in the workpiece, and the machining parameters are set according to the material of the workpiece and the selected target cutter, so that the micro-holes with the roundness and the inner wall smoothness meeting the requirements can be machined in the workpiece by using the fixture, the target cutter and the machining parameters. Therefore, compared with the traditional processing technology through laser drilling, the processing technology for the micro holes of the zirconia has the advantage of good punching effect on the zirconia material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a micro-pore processing process of zirconia according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a jig according to an embodiment of the micro-hole processing process of zirconia according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a target tool according to an embodiment of the zirconia micro-hole machining process of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the target tool in the embodiment shown in fig. 3.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100. a clamp; 110. a positioning plate; 120. a clamping groove; 200. a target cutter; 210. drill blade
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout is meant to include three side-by-side schemes, for example, "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B meet at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The invention provides a micro-pore processing technology of zirconia.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the micro-pore processing process of zirconia includes:
s10, setting a structure of the clamp 100 according to the structure of the workpiece and the position of a hole to be machined on the workpiece.
The workpiece is a workpiece to be processed, the hole to be processed is a pre-opened hole on the workpiece, and the fixture 100 is a tool for fixing the workpiece during the drilling process.
Specifically, step S10 is a structure in which the jig 100 is set according to the shape of the workpiece and the position of the hole to be machined on the workpiece. In this way, customization of the jig 100 can be achieved.
Typically, in machining, a workpiece is held by a standard jig 100 preset on a machine tool. In the technical scheme of the application, through the customized setting of the clamp 100, the structure of the workpiece and the machining mode of drilling can be adapted, the stress condition of the workpiece in the machining process is improved, the vibration of the workpiece in the machining process is further reduced, the machining precision of the workpiece is improved, and therefore the smoothness in the hole and the roundness of the hole are improved. In addition, the efficiency of assembling and disassembling the workpiece on the machine tool can be improved through the customized fixture 100, so that the production efficiency of the machine tool can be improved.
Further, in some embodiments, the fixture 100 includes a positioning plate 110, the positioning plate 110 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 120, the plurality of clamping grooves 120 are spaced apart on the positioning plate 110, and the plurality of clamping grooves 120 are oriented uniformly, and the clamping grooves 120 are used for fixing the workpiece. Specifically, when drilling a workpiece, the workpiece may be fixed to the holding groove 120, and the holding groove 120 is provided in a structure such as a holding arm to hold the workpiece. Because the positioning plate 110 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 120, a plurality of workpieces can be clamped on the positioning plate 110 at the same time during drilling, so that the production efficiency is improved. In addition, since the positions of the plurality of clamping grooves 120 on the positioning plate 110 are fixed, the positions and the intervals of the workpieces are relatively fixed after the workpieces are placed in the clamping grooves 120, and thus the punching precision of the machine tool is improved.
Specifically, the workpiece may be fixed by providing an elastic pad, a movable clamp plate, etc. in the clamping groove 120.
S20, selecting a target tool 200 for drilling according to the material of the workpiece and the parameters of a hole to be machined in the workpiece.
Here, the target tool 200 is a tool that performs a drilling operation on a workpiece at the time of actual machining.
Specifically, the hardness of the workpiece can be determined according to the material of the workpiece, so as to determine the material of the cutter. Basically, the hardness of the tool is greater than the hardness of the workpiece to be able to drill the workpiece. The parameters of the hole to be machined can be used to determine the parameters of the cutting edge of the tool to ensure that the hole meeting the requirements can be drilled in the workpiece.
In some embodiments, selecting a target tool for drilling based on a material determination of a workpiece and a parameter of a hole to be machined in the workpiece, comprises:
s21, selecting a target material required by the target tool according to the material of the workpiece.
Specifically, the physical characteristics of the workpiece can be determined based on the material of the workpiece, and further, the hardness of the workpiece can be determined, and based on the hardness of the workpiece, a material having a hardness greater than the hardness of the workpiece can be selected as the material of the target tool 200.
For example, if the workpiece is made of zirconia, the workpiece has a hardness of greater than 9 according to the physical properties of zirconia, and a diamond-containing tool may be selected as the material required for the target tool 200, such as a welded single crystal diamond tool.
S22, after the target material of the cutter is determined, when the front edge included angle value interval of the cutter for obtaining the target material is [90 degrees, 135 degrees ], the cutter with different front edge included angles wears the cutter tip when drilling the workpiece.
The front edge included angle refers to the included angle between the cutting edge of the drilling end of the cutter and the central axis of the cutter. The included angle of the front edge has a value interval of 90 degrees and 135 degrees, which means that the included angle of the front edge of the cutter is not less than 90 degrees and not more than 135 degrees. The tip wear of the tool is the wear of the tip of the tool during drilling, which is typically in millimeters.
Specifically, when the included angle of the front edge of the cutter is in the section of [90 degrees, 135 degrees ], the cutter has small abrasion of the cutting edge of the cutter when drilling the workpiece, and the cutter has good rigidity, so that the accident of cutting edges or breaking the workpiece is not easy to occur.
Furthermore, cutting edge abrasion during drilling of the cutters with different front edge angles can be obtained by manufacturing cutters with different front edge angles and drilling the same workpiece with the cutters.
For example, taking the workpiece as zirconia, the target material of the tool is diamond as an example:
when the included angle of the front edge is 90 degrees, the abrasion of the tool nose of the tool is 0.15mm;
when the included angle of the front edge is 118 degrees, the abrasion of the tool nose of the tool is 0.1mm;
when the included angle of the front edge is 120 degrees, the abrasion of the tool nose of the tool is 0.0002mm;
when the included angle of the front edge is 130 degrees, the abrasion of the tool nose of the tool is 0.01mm;
when the included angle of the front edge is 135 degrees, the cutter tip of the cutter is worn by 0.05mm.
S23, selecting the included angle of the front edge of the target cutter according to the abrasion of the cutting edge.
Specifically, after the tip wear of the tool at different tip angles is obtained, the tip angle at which the tip wear is smallest may be taken as the tip angle of the target tool 200. In this way, the wear of the cutting edge of the cutter during drilling can be reduced as much as possible, so that the service life of the cutter can be prolonged.
Alternatively, the target cutter 200 may be set to have a leading edge angle of not less than 120 ° and not more than 135 °, i.e., the target leading edge angle is greater than or equal to 120 ° and less than or equal to 135 °, depending on the cutter tip wear. For example, the included angle of the leading edge of the target cutter 200 may be set to 120 °, 121 °, 122 °, 123 °, 124 °, 125 °, 126 °, 127 °, 128 °, 129 °, 130 °, 131 °, 132 °, 133 °, 134 °,135 °.
In some embodiments, the target tool for drilling is selected according to the material of the workpiece and the parameters of the hole to be machined in the workpiece, and the method further comprises:
s110, determining the diameter d of the drill edge of the target tool according to the aperture of the hole to be processed.
The drill edge 210 refers to a portion of the tool that functions to drill a hole.
Specifically, the diameter of the tool drill edge 210 is required to be substantially consistent with the diameter of the hole to be machined in the workpiece (the substantially consistent means that the tolerance of the edge compared with the diameter is controlled within a preset range, the specific range can be designed adaptively according to the actual machining situation, and the comparison is not limited specifically in the application), so that the hole meeting the machining requirement can be drilled in the workpiece.
For example, if the hole diameter of the hole to be machined is 0.03 mm.+ -. 0.002mm, the diameter of the cutter bit 210 should be 0.03mm.
And S120, determining the maximum edge length L1 of the drill edge of the target tool according to the diameter of the drill edge, wherein L1=5d.
Specifically, l1=5d, that is, the maximum edge length of the drill edge 210 of the target cutter 200 is 5 times the diameter of the drill edge 210. In other words, the actual edge length of the target cutter 200 drill edge 210 is less than or equal to 5 times the diameter of the drill edge 210. This arrangement ensures that the drill edge 210 of the target tool 200 is sufficiently rigid so that the tool is not prone to breakage during drilling, thereby helping to extend the useful life of the tool. In addition, the rigidity of the drill blade 210 is improved, and the blade wear can be reduced, so that the machining accuracy of the workpiece can be improved.
S130, determining the minimum edge length L2 of the drilling edge of the target tool according to the hole depth of the hole to be processed.
Specifically, the edge length of the drill edge 210 is at least greater than the hole depth of the hole to be machined, that is, the minimum edge length L2 of the edge length of the tool is greater than or equal to the hole depth of the hole to be machined. In other words, the actual edge length of the target cutter 200 drill edge 210 is greater than or equal to the hole depth of the hole to be machined. By defining a minimum edge length of the target tool 200 drill edge 210, it can be ensured that the target tool 200 can drill a desired hole in a workpiece.
S140, when the length range of the drilling edge is [ L2, L1], the rigidity condition of the tool when the tools with different drilling edge lengths drill on the workpiece, the roundness of the drilled hole and the smoothness of the inner wall of the drilled hole are obtained.
Here, the range of the edge length of the drill edge 210 being [ L2, L1] means that the edge length of the tool drill edge 210 is not less than L2 and not more than L1. The roundness of a hole is referred to as roundness error, which is expressed in terms of the radial offset of its actual profile relative to an ideal circle, i.e., the difference between the maximum and minimum radii relative to the same center. In other words, roundness is used to represent roundness of a hole. The finish is one of the microscopic geometric errors to represent the surface roughness of an object. In other words, the finish of the inner wall of the hole is used to indicate the smoothness of the inner wall of the hole.
Specifically, if the cutter does not break, or the like during drilling, the rigidity of the cutter is good, and the cutter meets the machining requirement; otherwise, if the cutter is in existence, the cutter has poor rigidity, and the cutter does not meet the processing requirement.
Specifically, several tools with different lengths of the drill edge 210 can be set in the range of [ L2, L1], and the workpieces can be drilled one by one to obtain the rigidity condition of the tools, the roundness of the hole and the smoothness of the inner wall of the hole.
S150, selecting the edge length of the drilling edge of the target cutter according to the rigidity condition, the roundness of the drilled hole and the smoothness of the inner wall of the hole.
Specifically, the blade length of the tool having the best roundness of the drilled hole and the finish of the inner wall of the hole can be selected as the blade length of the drill blade 210 of the target tool 200 on the basis that the rigidity satisfies the machining requirements.
For example, a tool edge length within 8 and a true roundness of 0.0025mm can be selected as the edge length of the drill edge 210 of the target tool 200.
Alternatively, the edge length of the drill edge 210 of the target cutter 200 may be set to not less than 0.20mm and not more than 0.40mm. Specifically, the edge length of the target cutter 200 drill edge 210 may be 0.20mm, 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm, 0.29mm, 030mm, 0.31mm, 0.32mm, 0.33mm, 0.34mm, 0.35mm, 0.36mm, 0.37mm, 0.38mm, 0.39mm, 040mm.
It will be appreciated that the target tool 200 determined in the above manner can be adapted to the material of the workpiece and the parameters of the hole to be machined, so as to obtain the optimal machining precision.
S30, setting processing parameters according to the material of the workpiece and the target tool 200.
Specifically, setting processing parameters according to the material of the workpiece and the target tool includes:
s31, determining the cutting speed during drilling according to the material of the workpiece and the material of the target tool.
Where the cutting speed is the instantaneous speed of a point on the cutter bit 210 in the main direction of movement relative to the surface to be machined, in m/min.
Specifically, before the cutting speed is obtained, an optimal/optimal cutting speed table of the tool made of different materials for workpieces made of different materials can be obtained according to experiments, wherein the optimal/optimal cutting speed refers to the cutting speed which can simultaneously meet the requirements of drilling efficiency and service life (namely continuous cutting edge and low loss) of the tool. Thus, after determining the material of the workpiece, i.e., the material of the target tool 200, the cutting speed of the current target tool 200 can be obtained according to the table.
For example, if the workpiece is made of zirconia and the tool is made of diamond, the cutting speed v= 9.425m/min.
S32, the target rotating speed of the target cutter during drilling according to a formula 1, wherein the formula 1 is as follows:
N＝1000×V/(π×d)，
in the formula 1, N is the rotation speed (r/min), V is the cutting speed (m/min), pi is the circumference ratio, and d is the diameter (mm) of the blade.
Specifically, after the cutting speed of the target tool 200 is determined, the rotation speed of the target tool 200, that is, the rotation speed of the target tool 200 at the time of cutting, can be found according to formula 1.
S33, calculating a target feeding speed of a target cutter during drilling according to a formula 2, wherein the formula 2 is as follows:
F＝N×Z×fz，
in the formula 2, F is a feed speed (unit: mm/min), N is a rotation speed of the target cutter 200, Z is a number of cutting edges of the target cutter 200, and fz is a cutting amount (unit: mm) per one edge.
Wherein the feed speed is the speed at which a reference point on the tool moves along the tool path relative to the workpiece, i.e., the drilling speed; z is the number of edge of the target cutter 200, typically z=2; fz is understood to mean the feed per blade, and z×fz gives the feed per revolution of the tool.
In some embodiments, the setting of the processing parameters according to the material of the workpiece and the target tool 200 further includes:
s34, obtaining the cutter loss of the target cutter when the workpiece is drilled by different preset single cutting amounts under the condition of the target rotating speed and the target feeding speed.
The tool loss refers to the abrasion value of the tool after the tool finishes drilling. The single cutting amount refers to the cutting amount of the cutter each time in the drilling process. The preset value of the single cut amount is also different depending on the actual drilling situation, alternatively, the preset single cut amount may be set to not less than 0.0001mm and not more than 0.0020mm.
Specifically, by setting different single cutting amounts, the cutter loss after the completion of the cutter drilling can be measured by performing a plurality of experiments. In this case, the same single cutting amount may be tested a plurality of times and averaged to improve the test accuracy.
For example, taking the workpiece as zirconia, the target cutter as diamond, the diameter of the drill edge of the target cutter as 0.05mm, the rotating speed of the cutter as 60000r/min, and the single cutting amount Ap as 0.0001mm-0.0020mm as an example, the test result is as follows:
ap value is 0.0002mm, time t=10 min, cutter loss is 0.1mm;
ap value is 0.0003mm, time t=9 min, cutter loss is 0.05mm;
ap value is 0.0004mm, time t=8min, cutter loss is 0.01mm;
ap value is 0.0005mm, time t=7min, cutter loss is 0.002mm;
ap value is 0.0006mm, time t=6min, cutter loss is 0.01mm;
ap value is 0.0007mm, time t=4 min, cutter loss: breaking;
ap value is 0.0008mm, time t=3 min, cutter loss: breaking;
ap value is 0.0009mm, time t=4min, cutter loss: breaking;
ap value is 0.0010mm, time t=1 min, cutter loss: breaking.
In the above test, since the target cutter 200 cannot complete the drilling work already at the Ap of 0.0007mm to 0.0010mm, it is unnecessary to test the cutter loss of the target cutter 200 at the Ap of 0.0010mm to 0.0020mm.
And S35, determining the target single cutting amount during drilling according to the cutter loss.
Specifically, after determining the tool loss of the target tool 200 at different single-pass cutting amounts, ap at which the tool loss is minimum may be selected as the target single-pass cutting amount.
It can be appreciated that, in the above manner, the optimal processing parameters can be obtained according to the workpiece and the target tool 200, so as to improve the processing precision and the processing efficiency.
S40, drilling holes in the workpiece according to the clamp, the target tool and the machining parameters.
Specifically, after the structure of the jig 100, the target tool 200, and the machining parameters are determined, the workpiece can be drilled.
In some embodiments, drilling the workpiece according to the fixture 100, the target tool 200, and the machining parameters, comprises:
and controlling the target cutter to finish drilling in a mode of alternately feeding and retracting, wherein the drilling amount of each feeding is based on the target single cutting amount.
Wherein, feeding refers to controlling the target tool 200 to drill a hole in a workpiece; the tool withdrawal means that the target tool 200 is controlled to be separated from the workpiece after the tool feeding is completed; the drilling amount in the cutting process is based on the target single cutting amount, which means that the drilling amount in each cutting process is consistent with the target single cutting amount.
Specifically, when drilling according to the determined processing parameters, the target tool 200 may be controlled to drill a hole on the workpiece to be processed at the target rotational speed and the target feeding speed, and when drilling, the target tool 200 is controlled to separate from the workpiece after each drilling operation of the target single cutting amount is completed, and then the next drilling operation is performed until the drilling operation of the workpiece is completed.
It can be appreciated that by drilling holes in the workpiece in a manner in which the tool feed and tool withdrawal alternate with each other, the rigid pressure of the tool during drilling can be dispersed, thereby helping to avoid the phenomenon of breaking the tool, and improving the machining stability. And the tool is further facilitated to radiate heat by utilizing the time of tool withdrawal, and the physical properties of the tool are improved so as to prolong the service life of the tool.
It can be understood that in the zirconia micro-hole machining process according to the technical scheme of the present application, the fixture 100 is set according to the workpiece structure and the position of the hole to be machined on the workpiece, then the target tool 200 is selected according to the material of the workpiece and the parameter of the hole to be machined on the workpiece, and the machining parameters are set according to the material of the workpiece and the selected target tool 200, so that the micro-holes with the roundness and the smoothness of the inner wall of the hole can be machined on the workpiece by using the fixture 100, the target tool 200 and the machining parameters. Therefore, compared with the traditional processing technology through laser drilling, the processing technology for the micro holes of the zirconia has the advantage of good punching effect on the zirconia material.
The invention also provides a micro-hole machining device, which comprises a clamp and a cutter, wherein the clamp and the cutter are arranged based on the zirconia micro-hole machining process, and the micro-hole machining device drills a workpiece based on the machining parameters of the zirconia micro-hole machining process. Because the micro-hole processing device adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, the micro-hole processing device at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiments, and the details are not repeated here.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A process for the micro-pore processing of zirconia, comprising:
setting a clamp structure according to the structure of the workpiece and the position of a hole to be machined on the workpiece;
selecting a target cutter for drilling according to the material of the workpiece and the parameters of a hole to be processed on the workpiece;
setting processing parameters according to the material of the workpiece and a target cutter;
drilling a hole in the workpiece according to the clamp, the target tool and the machining parameters;
wherein, select the target cutter that drilling was used according to the material of work piece and the parameter of waiting to process the hole on the work piece, include:
selecting a target material required by a target cutter according to the material of the workpiece;
after the target material of the cutter is determined, when the cutter for acquiring the target material has a front edge included angle value interval of [90 degrees, 135 degrees ], the cutter with different front edge included angles abrades the cutting edge of the workpiece when drilling holes;
and selecting the included angle of the front edge of the target cutter according to the abrasion of the cutting tip.
2. The zirconia micro-hole machining process according to claim 1, wherein the included angle of the leading edge of the target cutter is not less than 120 ° and not more than 135 °.
3. The zirconia micro-hole machining process according to claim 1, wherein the target tool for drilling is selected according to the material of the workpiece and the parameters of the holes to be machined in the workpiece, further comprising:
determining the diameter d of the drill edge of the target cutter according to the aperture of the hole to be processed;
determining a maximum edge length L1 of a drill edge of a target tool according to the drill edge diameter, wherein l1=5d;
determining the minimum edge length L2 of the drilling edge of the target cutter according to the hole depth of the hole to be processed;
when the length range of the drilling edge is [ L2, L1], the rigidity condition of the cutter when the cutters with different drilling edge lengths drill on a workpiece, the roundness of the drilled hole and the smoothness of the inner wall of the drilled hole are obtained;
the edge length of the target cutter drill edge is selected according to the rigidity condition, the roundness of the drilled hole and the finish of the inner wall of the hole.
4. The zirconia micro-hole machining process according to claim 3, wherein the edge length of the target cutter drill edge is not less than 0.2mm and not more than 0.4mm.
5. The zirconia micro-hole machining process according to claim 3, wherein setting machining parameters according to the material of the workpiece and the target tool comprises:
determining the cutting speed during drilling according to the material of the workpiece and the material of the target cutter;
calculating a target rotation speed of the target tool during drilling according to a formula 1, wherein the formula 1 is as follows:
N＝1000×V/(π×d)，
in the formula 1, N is the rotating speed of the cutter, V is the cutting speed, pi is the circumference ratio, and d is the diameter of the cutting edge;
the target feed speed of the target tool at the time of drilling is calculated according to equation 2, equation 2 being as follows:
F＝N×Z×fz，
in the formula 2, F is a feed speed, N is a rotation speed of the target tool, Z is a number of edge pieces of the target tool, and fz is a cutting amount per one piece.
6. The zirconia micro-hole machining process according to claim 5, wherein after the feeding speed is obtained, the machining parameters are set according to the material of the workpiece and the target tool, further comprising:
obtaining cutter loss of a target cutter when drilling a workpiece at different preset single cutting amounts under the condition of target rotating speed and target feeding speed;
and determining the target single cutting amount during drilling according to the cutter loss.
7. The zirconia micro-hole machining process according to claim 6, wherein drilling the workpiece according to the jig, the target tool, and the machining parameters comprises:
and controlling the target cutter to finish drilling in a mode of alternately feeding and retracting, wherein the drilling amount of each feeding is based on the target single cutting amount.
8. The zirconia micro-hole machining process according to claim 1, wherein the fixture comprises a positioning plate, a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the positioning plate, the clamping grooves are distributed on the positioning plate at intervals, the opening directions of the clamping grooves are consistent, and the clamping grooves are used for fixing a workpiece.
9. A micro-hole machining apparatus comprising a jig and a tool, the jig and the tool being set based on the zirconia micro-hole machining process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the micro-hole machining apparatus drilling a workpiece based on the machining parameters of the zirconia micro-hole machining process according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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