CN114568085A - Double-track transplanting mechanism based on differential gear train of non-circular gear of moving shaft - Google Patents

Double-track transplanting mechanism based on differential gear train of non-circular gear of moving shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114568085A
CN114568085A CN202210252089.5A CN202210252089A CN114568085A CN 114568085 A CN114568085 A CN 114568085A CN 202210252089 A CN202210252089 A CN 202210252089A CN 114568085 A CN114568085 A CN 114568085A
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China
Prior art keywords
shaft
shell
gear
circular gear
hole
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CN202210252089.5A
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CN114568085B (en
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俞高红
吴国环
王磊
孙良
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Priority to JP2022172434A priority patent/JP7403878B2/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/02Transplanting machines for seedlings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/006Other parts or details or planting machines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F16H37/124Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-track transplanting mechanism based on a moving shaft non-circular gear differential gear train, which comprises a gear box, a hole opening arm, a cam, a transplanting arm and an input shaft, wherein the hole opening arm is arranged on the gear box; under the condition of one power input, different preset track motions of the hole opening shovel and the seedling needle are realized by designing each non-circular gear pitch curve and the transmission ratio of the two cylindrical gears; meanwhile, based on the design that the first shaft and the second shaft can float up and down, the hole opening arm and the transplanting arm can reciprocate up and down relative to the gear box, so that the postures of the hole opening arm and the transplanting arm are better adjusted, and the shape of a hole opening and the planting effect are more ideal. Therefore, the invention can realize the requirements of dual target tracks and postures so as to quickly realize the efficient and automatic transplanting of the blanket-shaped vegetable seedlings.

Description

Double-track transplanting mechanism based on differential gear train of movable shaft non-circular gear
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a double-track transplanting mechanism based on a movable shaft non-circular gear differential gear train.
Background
China is a world-wide vegetable production country and also a world-wide vegetable consumption country, and with social development, the demand of people for vegetables is continuously increased, so that the efficient planting of vegetables can be realized, and the vegetable planting method has remarkable social value. The vegetable blanket seedling transplanting technology is an efficient and simple transplanting technology, and gradually becomes one of main technical means adopted in vegetable production. The vegetable blanket seedling transplanting needs a mechanism to finish complex transplanting actions such as clamping, conveying, opening holes and planting of blanket seedlings, and has higher requirements on the movement tracks and postures of a hole opening executing piece and a transplanting arm; the existing transplanting mechanism integrating hole digging and seedling taking is characterized in that a fixed shaft gear train and a cam pair are combined to realize a composite function, the transplanting mechanism is limited by a mechanism structure, although a predicted hole opening track can be realized, the posture is not controllable, the hole opening track is still not ideal, the planting effect is poor, the operation is not reliable, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a transplanting mechanism based on a movable shaft non-circular gear differential gear train structure, which can enable an opening actuator and a transplanting arm to move according to an ideal motion track and can better adjust the postures of the opening arm and the transplanting arm.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a double-track transplanting mechanism based on a moving shaft non-circular gear differential gear train.
The gearbox comprises a first shell, a second shell, a first non-circular gear, a second non-circular gear, a third non-circular gear, a fourth non-circular gear, a fifth non-circular gear, a sixth non-circular gear, a first shaft and a second shaft; the inner wall surface of the first shell is provided with a first sliding groove and a first through hole, and the inner wall surface of the second shell is provided with a second sliding groove and a second through hole; the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged coaxially; the input shaft penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole and is fixedly connected with the first shell; the non-circular gear is sleeved on the input shaft; two ends of the first shaft are respectively supported by a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat; the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat respectively form a sliding pair with the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove; the non-circular gear II, the non-circular gear III and the non-circular gear IV are fixed on the shaft I at intervals; the non-circular gear II and the non-circular gear I form a gear pair; one end of the second shaft is supported by the bearing seat IV, and the other end of the second shaft penetrates through the bearing seat III and a through hole III formed in the sliding groove I of the shell II; the bearing seat III and the bearing seat IV respectively form a sliding pair with the sliding groove I and the sliding groove II; the non-circular gear V is fixed on the shaft II and forms a gear pair with the non-circular gear III; the hub of the non-circular gear six is fixedly connected with the hub of the cylindrical gear I through a jaw structure; the non-circular gear six and the cylindrical gear I are both sleeved on the shaft II in an empty mode, and the hub tooth-embedded joint of the non-circular gear six and the cylindrical gear I is supported through a bearing seat III; the fourth non-circular gear and the sixth non-circular gear form a gear pair; the first shell is fixedly connected with the second shell; one end of the shaft sleeve provided with the cylindrical gear I penetrates through a through hole IV formed in the shell I of the cavity opening arm and is fixedly connected with the shell I of the cavity opening arm; two spring mounting holes I which are opposite to each other are formed in the first sliding groove, and two spring mounting holes II which are opposite to each other are formed in the second sliding groove; the bearing seat I and the bearing seat III are respectively connected with the two spring mounting holes through a spring I; the bearing seat II and the bearing seat IV are respectively connected with the two spring mounting holes through the spring I.
The third shaft is arranged in parallel with the first shaft and forms a revolute pair with the first shell of the opening arm; the second cylindrical gear is arranged in the first shell and is fixed with the third shaft; the first cylindrical gear and the second cylindrical gear form a gear pair; the third shaft penetrates through a fifth through hole formed in the first shell and is fixedly connected with a second shell of the transplanting arm; and the cam of the transplanting arm is sleeved on the third shaft and is fixedly connected with the first shell of the hole opening arm.
Preferably, the hole opening arm further comprises a hole opening shovel connecting frame and a hole opening shovel; the opening shovel is fixedly connected with the first shell through the opening shovel connecting frame.
More preferably, a first threaded hole is formed in the mounting end of the first housing, and a second threaded hole corresponding to the first threaded hole is formed in the connecting frame of the first housing; and a first threaded hole of the first shell is fixedly connected with a second threaded hole of the connecting frame of the holing shovel through a stud.
Preferably, the transplanting arm further comprises a seedling needle, a seedling pushing rod, a shifting fork shaft and a connecting block; both ends of the shifting fork shaft and the second shell form a revolute pair; the middle part of the shifting fork is fixed on the shifting fork shaft; the short rod end of the shifting fork and the cam form a cam pair; the seedling needle is fixed with the second shell; the seedling pushing rod and the shell II form a sliding pair; the front end of the seedling pushing rod is positioned at the bottom of the seedling needle, and the rear end of the seedling pushing rod is fixed with the connecting block; the connecting block is connected with the inner wall surface of the second shell through a second spring; the long rod end of the shifting fork and the connecting block are integrally formed, and the two convex rings arranged at intervals form a rolling friction pair.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
under the condition of one power input, different preset track motions of the hole opening shovel and the seedling needle can be realized by designing each non-circular gear pitch curve and the transmission ratio of the two cylindrical gears; meanwhile, based on the design that the first shaft and the second shaft can float up and down, the hole opening arm and the transplanting arm can reciprocate up and down relative to the gear box, so that the postures of the hole opening arm and the transplanting arm are better adjusted, the shape of a hole opening and the planting effect are more ideal, and for example, the posture angle of the hole opening shovel is about 90 degrees in the whole hole opening process. Therefore, the invention can realize the requirements of dual target tracks and postures so as to quickly realize the efficient and automatic transplanting of the blanket-shaped vegetable seedlings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement traces of the transplanting arm and the hole opening arm in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the present invention with the second housing removed;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention with the second housing removed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembled position of the cam of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the internal components of the transplanting arm in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a first housing according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the second housing of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a perspective view of a housing structure of the opening arm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a double-track transplanting mechanism based on a moving shaft non-circular gear differential gear train, which comprises a gear box 1, a hole opening arm 2, a transplanting arm 4 and an input shaft 5 as shown in figure 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the gear box 1 comprises a first shell 1-1, a second shell 1-13, a first non-circular gear 1-9, a second non-circular gear 1-5, a third non-circular gear 1-6, a fourth non-circular gear 1-7, a fifth non-circular gear 1-3, a sixth non-circular gear 1-2, a first shaft 9 and a second shaft 10; as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the inner wall surface of the first shell 1-1 is provided with a first chute 1-1-1 and a first through hole 1-1-3, and the inner wall surface of the second shell 1-13 is provided with a second chute 1-13-1 and a second through hole 1-13-3; the through hole I1-1-3 and the through hole II 1-13-3 are coaxially arranged; the input shaft 5 penetrates through the first through hole 1-1-3 and the second through hole 1-13-3 and is fixedly connected with the first shell 1-1; the non-circular gears 1-9 are sleeved on the input shaft 5; two ends of the first shaft 9 are respectively supported by the first bearing blocks 1-10 and the second bearing blocks 1-8; the bearing blocks I1-10 and the bearing blocks II 1-8 respectively form a sliding pair with the sliding chutes I1-1-1 and the sliding chutes II 1-13-1; the distance between the non-circular gear II 1-5, the non-circular gear III 1-6 and the non-circular gear IV 1-7 is fixed on the shaft I9; the non-circular gears II 1-5 and the non-circular gears I1-9 form a gear pair; one end of the second shaft 10 is supported by a bearing seat IV 1-4 (two positions of the second shaft 10 can be connected with the bearing seat IV 1-4 by two bearings), and the other end of the second shaft passes through a through hole III formed in the sliding groove I1-1-1 by a bearing seat III 1-11 and a shell II 1-13; the bearing seats III 1-11 and the bearing seats IV 1-4 respectively form a sliding pair with the sliding chutes I1-1-1 and the sliding chutes II 1-13-1; the fifth non-circular gear 1-3 is fixed on the second shaft 10 and forms a gear pair with the third non-circular gear 1-6; the hub of the non-circular gear six 1-2 is fixedly connected with the hub of the cylindrical gear one 2-5 through a jaw structure; the non-circular gear six 1-2 and the cylindrical gear I2-5 are both sleeved on the shaft II 10 in a hollow mode, and the tooth-embedded joint of the non-circular gear six 1-2 and the hub of the cylindrical gear I2-5 is supported through a bearing seat III 1-11 (the tooth-embedded joint can be connected with the bearing seat III 1-11 through a bearing); the fourth non-circular gear 1-7 and the sixth non-circular gear 1-2 form a gear pair; the first shell 1-1 is fixedly connected (detachably) with the second shell 1-13; one end of the second shaft 10, which is sleeved with a cylindrical gear I2-5, penetrates through a through hole IV 2-1-1 formed in a shell I2-1 of the cavity opening arm 2 and is fixedly connected with the shell I2-1 of the cavity opening arm 2; two opposite spring mounting holes I1-1-2 are formed in the first sliding chute 1-1-1, and two opposite spring mounting holes II 1-13-2 are formed in the second sliding chute 1-13-1; the bearing seats I1-10 and the bearing seats III 1-11 are respectively connected with the two spring mounting holes I1-1-2 through springs I1-12; the bearing blocks II 1-8 and the bearing blocks IV 1-4 are respectively connected with the two spring mounting holes II 1-13-2 through springs I1-12.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 9, the third shaft 11 is parallel to the second shaft 10 and forms a revolute pair with the first casing 2-1 of the holing arm 2; the cylindrical gear II 2-4 is arranged in the shell I2-1 and is fixed with the shaft III; the cylindrical gear I2-5 and the cylindrical gear II 2-4 form a gear pair; the third shaft 11 penetrates through a through hole five 2-1-2 formed in the first shell 2-1 and is fixedly connected with a second shell 4-1 of the transplanting arm 4; the cam 3 of the transplanting arm 4 is sleeved on the shaft III 11 in an empty way and is fixedly connected with the shell I2-1 of the hole opening arm 2.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 9, the holing arm 2 further includes a holing shovel attaching frame 2-2 and a holing shovel 2-3; the opening shovel 2-3 is fixedly connected with the first shell 2-1 through an opening shovel connecting frame 2-2.
As a more preferable embodiment, a first threaded hole 2-1-3 is formed in the installation end of the first shell 2-1, and a second corresponding threaded hole is formed in the connecting frame 2-2 of the digging shovel; a first threaded hole 2-1-3 of the first shell 2-1 is fixedly connected with a second threaded hole of the connecting frame 2-2 of the hole digging shovel through a stud.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in figures 4 and 6, the transplanting arm 4 further comprises a seedling needle 4-2, a seedling pushing rod 4-3, a shifting fork 4-4, a shifting fork shaft 4-5 and a connecting block 4-6; both ends of the shifting fork shaft 4-5 and the shell II 4-1 form a revolute pair; the middle part of the shifting fork 4-4 is fixed on the shifting fork shaft 4-5; the short rod end of the shifting fork 4-4 and the cam 3 form a cam pair; the seedling needle 4-2 is fixed with the second shell 4-1; the seedling pushing rod 4-3 and the shell II 4-1 form a sliding pair; the front end of the seedling pushing rod 4-3 is positioned at the bottom of the seedling needle 4-2, and the rear end is fixed with the connecting block 4-6; the connecting block 4-6 is connected with the inner wall surface of the shell II 4-1 through a spring II; the long rod end of the shifting fork 4-4 and the two convex rings which are integrally formed on the connecting block 4-6 and arranged at intervals form a rolling friction pair.
The invention relates to a double-track transplanting mechanism based on a differential gear train of a movable shaft non-circular gear, which has the following working principle:
fixing the non-circular gears 1-9 with an external bracket; the input shaft 5 is driven to rotate by external power to drive the first shell 1-1 and the second shell 1-13 of the gear box 1 to rotate, so that the second non-circular gear 1-5 rotates around the first non-circular gear 1-9 to drive the first shaft 9 to rotate, the third non-circular gear 1-6 fixedly connected with the first shaft 9 rotates to drive the fifth non-circular gear 1-3 to rotate, and therefore the second shaft 10 is driven to rotate, and the second shaft 10 rotates to drive the hole opening arm 2 fixedly connected with the second shaft 10 to rotate; meanwhile, the first shaft 9 rotates to drive the fourth non-circular gear 1-7 to rotate, so that the sixth non-circular gear 1-2 sleeved on the second shaft 10 rotates around the second shaft 10, and the sixth non-circular gear 1-2 drives the first cylindrical gear 2-5 to synchronously rotate, thereby driving the second cylindrical gear 2-4 meshed with the first cylindrical gear 2-5 to rotate; the cylindrical gear II 2-4 rotates to drive the shaft III 11 to rotate, and the shaft III 11 rotates to drive the transplanting arm 4 to rotate; along with the meshing rotation between the non-circular gears, the first shaft 9 can drive the first bearing seat 1-10 and the second bearing seat 1-8 to respectively reciprocate up and down along the first chute 1-1-1 and the second chute 1-13-1, the second shaft 10 can drive the third bearing seat 1-11 and the fourth bearing seat 1-4 to respectively reciprocate up and down along the first chute 1-1-1 and the second chute 1-13-1, so that the opening arm 2 and the transplanting arm 4 carry out up and down reciprocating motion relative to the gear box 1, the opening shovel 2-3 in the opening arm 2 and the seedling needle 4-2 in the transplanting arm 4 can be realized according to preset tracks under the condition of one power input (by designing the section curves of the non-circular gears and the transmission ratios of the two cylindrical gears, different preset tracks of the opening shovel 2-3 and the seedling needle 4-2 can be realized, as shown in fig. 2, the track 6 is the movement track of the seedling needle 4-2, and the track 7 is the movement track of the hole opening shovel 2-3), and simultaneously, the posture angles of the hole opening arm 2 and the transplanting arm 4 can be better adjusted based on the up-and-down reciprocating movement of the hole opening arm 2 and the transplanting arm 4 relative to the gear box 1, so that the shape of the opened hole and the planting effect are more ideal.
In the process that the hole opening shovel 2-3 in the hole opening arm 2 and the seedling needle 4-2 in the transplanting arm 4 move according to a preset track, when the transplanting arm 4 moves to a vegetable blanket-shaped seedling tray, the seedling needle 4-2 grabs seedlings from the vegetable blanket-shaped seedling tray (the seedling needle 4-2 is directly inserted into the blanket-shaped seedlings and carries the seedlings out of the blanket-shaped seedling tray), and at the moment, the hole opening shovel 2-3 is positioned at a position lower than the vegetable blanket-shaped seedling tray; after the transplanting arm 4 finishes the seedling grabbing action and before the seedling pushing position, the hole opening shovel 2-3 starts to perform a hole opening action (a position 8 in fig. 2 is a hole opening starting position), the hole opening shovel 2-3 finishes the hole opening action along with the rotation of the hole opening arm 2 (the invention can ensure that the attitude angle of the hole opening shovel 2-3 is about 90 degrees in the whole hole opening process), at the moment, the transplanting arm 4 reaches the seedling pushing position, the cam 3 operates to a return section, the connecting block 4-6 drives the seedling pushing rod 4-3 to push out under the restoring force action of the spring II (when the cam 3 is at the pushing section position, the spring II is in a compression state by driving the connecting block 4-6 through the shifting fork 4-4), and the seedling pushing rod 4-3 pushes the vegetable seedlings into the opened holes to finish the transplanting action.

Claims (4)

1. Double-track transplanting mechanism based on moving shaft non-circular gear differential gear train comprises a gear box, a hole opening arm, a transplanting arm and an input shaft, and is characterized in that: the gearbox comprises a first shell, a second shell, a first non-circular gear, a second non-circular gear, a third non-circular gear, a fourth non-circular gear, a fifth non-circular gear, a sixth non-circular gear, a first shaft and a second shaft; the inner wall surface of the first shell is provided with a first sliding groove and a first through hole, and the inner wall surface of the second shell is provided with a second sliding groove and a second through hole; the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged coaxially; the input shaft penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole and is fixedly connected with the first shell; the non-circular gear is sleeved on the input shaft; two ends of the first shaft are respectively supported by a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat; the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat respectively form a sliding pair with the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove; the non-circular gear II, the non-circular gear III and the non-circular gear IV are fixed on the shaft I at intervals; the non-circular gear II and the non-circular gear I form a gear pair; one end of the second shaft is supported by the bearing seat IV, and the other end of the second shaft penetrates through the bearing seat III and a through hole III formed in the sliding groove I of the shell II; the third bearing seat and the fourth bearing seat respectively form a sliding pair with the first sliding chute and the second sliding chute; the non-circular gear V is fixed on the shaft II and forms a gear pair with the non-circular gear III; the hub of the non-circular gear six is fixedly connected with the hub of the cylindrical gear I through a jaw structure; the six non-circular gears and the first cylindrical gear are sleeved on the second shaft in a hollow mode, and the hub tooth-embedded connection position of the six non-circular gears and the first cylindrical gear is supported through a third bearing seat; the fourth non-circular gear and the sixth non-circular gear form a gear pair; the first shell is fixedly connected with the second shell; one end of the shaft sleeve provided with the cylindrical gear I penetrates through a through hole IV formed in the shell I of the cavity opening arm and is fixedly connected with the shell I of the cavity opening arm; two spring mounting holes I which are opposite to each other are formed in the sliding groove I, and two spring mounting holes II which are opposite to each other are formed in the sliding groove II; the bearing seat I and the bearing seat III are respectively connected with the two spring mounting holes through the spring I; the bearing seat II and the bearing seat IV are respectively connected with the two spring mounting holes through the spring I;
the third shaft is arranged in parallel with the first shaft and forms a revolute pair with the first shell of the opening arm; the second cylindrical gear is arranged in the first shell and is fixed with the third shaft; the first cylindrical gear and the second cylindrical gear form a gear pair; the third shaft penetrates through a fifth through hole formed in the first shell and is fixedly connected with a second shell of the transplanting arm; and the cam of the transplanting arm is sleeved on the third shaft and is fixedly connected with the first shell of the hole opening arm.
2. The double-track transplanting mechanism based on the moving shaft non-circular gear differential gear train is characterized in that: the opening arm also comprises an opening shovel connecting frame and an opening shovel; the opening shovel is fixedly connected with the first shell through the opening shovel connecting frame.
3. The double-track transplanting mechanism based on the moving shaft non-circular gear differential gear train is characterized in that: the hole digging shovel connecting frame is fixedly connected with the shell I through a bolt.
4. The double-track transplanting mechanism based on the moving shaft non-circular gear differential gear train is characterized in that: the transplanting arm also comprises a seedling needle, a seedling pushing rod, a shifting fork shaft and a connecting block; both ends of the shifting fork shaft and the second shell form a revolute pair; the middle part of the shifting fork is fixed on the shifting fork shaft; the short rod end of the shifting fork and the cam form a cam pair; the seedling needle is fixed with the second shell; the seedling pushing rod and the shell II form a sliding pair; the front end of the seedling pushing rod is positioned at the bottom of the seedling needle, and the rear end of the seedling pushing rod is fixed with the connecting block; the connecting block is connected with the inner wall surface of the second shell through a second spring; the long rod end of the shifting fork and the connecting block are integrally formed, and the two convex rings arranged at intervals form a rolling friction pair.
CN202210252089.5A 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Double-track transplanting mechanism based on differential gear train of non-circular gear of moving shaft Active CN114568085B (en)

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CN202210252089.5A CN114568085B (en) 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Double-track transplanting mechanism based on differential gear train of non-circular gear of moving shaft
JP2022172434A JP7403878B2 (en) 2022-03-15 2022-10-27 Dual trajectory transfer mechanism based on differential gear train with non-circular gears

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CN202210252089.5A CN114568085B (en) 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Double-track transplanting mechanism based on differential gear train of non-circular gear of moving shaft

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CN114568085B (en) 2022-09-06
JP7403878B2 (en) 2023-12-25

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