CN114562872B

CN114562872B - Energy-saving dryer for crops

Info

Publication number: CN114562872B
Application number: CN202210152684.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许艳梅; 高强; 吴孝慧; 鹿业勃; 穆新恒
Original assignee: Dezhou Vocational and Technical College
Current assignee: Dezhou Vocational and Technical College
Priority date: 2022-02-18
Filing date: 2022-02-18
Publication date: 2023-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-18
Also published as: CN114562872A

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving dryer for crops, which comprises a primary full-contact heating device, a secondary spiral contact heating device, a tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device and a crop anti-discharge assembly, wherein the primary full-contact heating device, the secondary spiral contact heating device and the tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, and the crop anti-discharge assembly is arranged at the top of the tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device. The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly provides an energy-saving crop dryer which achieves the effect of separation by flexibly colliding crops with the inner wall in the falling process under the action of gravity, fully contacts with hot air which is actively lifted upwards, improves the drying effect, enables the crops to be dried quickly and uniformly, and can also ensure the quality of the dried crops.

Description

Energy-saving dryer for crops

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an energy-saving dryer for crops.

Background

The dryer is a crop processing device, crops are various plants cultivated in agriculture, and the dryer is used for processing the crops, and the crops after drying are easy to store and difficult to deteriorate, and the reasonable diet collocation can bring health to human beings, so that the growth of the crops is not separated from scientific technology production technology, and novel industrial mechanical equipment capable of assisting agricultural production is manufactured.

The prior art has the following defects:

1. in the using process of the dryer, the crops are required to be dynamically stirred, the effect of mutually adhering the crops and separating the crops is achieved, and a plurality of motors are required to be used for driving the mechanical dynamic stirring, so that the loss of the dryer on electric power resources is increased, and the using cost is high;

2. the mechanical heating or the direct contact with the crops in the stirring process in the drying process can damage the crops and influence the quality of the crops;

3. after drying, the corresponding device is needed to drive the crop to be discharged, so that the use is not convenient.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the energy-saving crop dryer which achieves the effect of separation by flexible collision between crops and the inner wall in the falling process under the action of gravity, fully contacts with hot air which is actively lifted upwards, improves the drying effect, ensures that the crops can be dried quickly and uniformly, and can also ensure the quality of the dried crops.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention relates to an energy-saving dryer for crops, which comprises a primary full-contact heating device, a secondary spiral contact heating device, a tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device, a crop anti-discharge assembly, an air inlet, a charging opening and a discharge opening, wherein the primary full-contact heating device, the secondary spiral contact heating device and the tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, the air inlet is connected to the bottom of the primary full-contact heating device, the discharge opening is communicated with the bottom side end of the tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device, the charging opening is communicated with one side of the tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device, the crop anti-discharge assembly is arranged at the top of the tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device, and the charging opening is communicated with the discharge opening.

In this scheme, one-level fully contacts heating device includes heating chamber, combustion chamber, supporting cavity, U-shaped communicating pipe and gas vent, the cavity setting that heating chamber and supporting cavity are the intercommunication, the below of supporting cavity is located to the heating chamber, horizontal groove has been seted up to the side between heating chamber and the supporting cavity, the combustion chamber is located horizontal inslot, U-shaped communicating pipe is the U-shaped setting of horizontal setting, the both sides of U-shaped communicating pipe are located on the opposite side that the opening of combustion chamber is relative respectively in the intercommunication, the gas vent communicates perpendicularly and locates the center department top of U-shaped communicating pipe, the bottom of heating chamber is provided with the supporting seat, the air inlet is located between supporting seat and the heating chamber, just air inlet and heating cavity intercommunication, the lateral S shape setting is personally submitted to the bin outlet, the outlet end of bin outlet is located between the U-shaped communicating pipe of both sides.

In order to further explain this scheme, second grade spiral contact heating device includes second grade unloading chamber, spiral heating intermediate layer and bottom heat pipe, the one end top of bin outlet is located in second grade unloading chamber intercommunication, the outside in second grade unloading chamber is located in spiral heating intermediate layer parcel, spiral heating intermediate layer inside is equipped with spiral air flue, bottom heat pipe intercommunication is located between the bottom of supporting cavity and spiral air flue.

Further, tertiary spiral vortex heating device includes one-level unloading chamber, spiral spoiler, top heat pipe, the top in one-level unloading chamber intercommunication is located to one-level unloading chamber, spiral spoiler intercommunication is located one-level unloading chamber's periphery, spiral spoiler includes heat conduction ring, support inner ring and incomplete spoiler, support the inner ring intercommunication and locate one-level unloading chamber's periphery, the periphery of support inner ring is located to the heat conduction ring, support the intercommunication between inner ring and the heat conduction ring and be equipped with the runner pipe, support and be linked together between inner ring and the one-level unloading chamber, incomplete spoiler is the circumference form and arranges and locate in the support inner ring, and is linked together between incomplete spoiler and the one-level unloading chamber, top heat pipe intercommunication is located between spiral heating intermediate layer's top one side and the heat conduction ring, the charge door intercommunication is located on one-level unloading chamber's top one side.

Preferably, the crop anti-discharge assembly comprises a guide pipe, an anti-discharge cavity and a crop limiting plate, wherein the guide pipe is communicated with one side of the top of the first-stage blanking cavity, the guide pipe is communicated with the charging port, the anti-discharge cavity is communicated with the upper side of the guide pipe, the anti-discharge cavity is arranged in a funnel shape, the crop limiting plate is connected with the top opening of the anti-discharge cavity, and limiting holes are uniformly formed in the crop limiting plate.

Preferably, a supporting foot is arranged between the heating cavity and the supporting seat, the supporting foot is arranged at the corner of the heating cavity and the supporting seat, the air inlet is in a protruding annular shape and is connected with the bottom of the heating cavity, and a plurality of filtering holes are formed in the air inlet.

Preferably, the inner walls of the primary blanking cavity and the secondary blanking cavity are correspondingly provided with flexible anti-collision layers.

The energy-saving dryer for crops has the following beneficial effects by adopting the structure:

1. after the combustion chamber burns and heats, the temperature of the air in the heating cavity rises through heating the first-stage full contact heating device, the high-temperature air rises and then enters a spiral heating interlayer in the second-stage spiral contact heating device and rises into the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device, under the action of an incomplete turbulent flow plate, high-temperature gases flowing in each direction are further mixed and disturbed, and then enter the first-stage blanking cavity, so that the direct impact of the high-temperature gases on crops can be reduced, and the good heating and drying performances on the crops can be maintained.

2. The crop anti-discharge assembly can be used for exhausting heat air and collecting crops, and can prevent the crops from being discharged along with hot air when the crops are dried, so that the crops are prevented from being lost in the drying process.

3. The air flue and the crop channel are separately arranged, normal discharging of crops is not influenced when heating is performed, the crops are conveniently collected, hot air rises according to the direction from bottom to top, the crops are discharged according to the direction from top to bottom, one of the hot air accords with the density relation, the other of the hot air accords with the gravity relation, the hot air rising upwards is firstly contacted with the crops by the hot air at the top and then contacted with the crops by the hot air at the bottom, the progressive effect and effect of heating temperature are achieved, the drying sufficiency is ensured, the fallen crops are scattered on the inner walls of the first-stage discharging cavity and the second-stage discharging cavity, the scattered state is displayed, the drying effect is more easily achieved, the flexible anti-collision layer is arranged to separate adhered crops, and the loss caused by the collision of the crops with the inner walls is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the crop energy-saving dryer of the scheme;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the crop energy-saving dryer of the present scheme;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral spoiler in this embodiment.

The device comprises a first-stage full contact heating device, a second-stage spiral contact heating device, a third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device, a crop anti-discharge component, a 5, an air inlet, a 6, a feed inlet, a 7, a discharge outlet, a 8, a heating cavity, a 9, a combustion chamber, a 10, a supporting cavity, a 11, a U-shaped communicating pipe, a 12, an air outlet, a 13, a transverse groove, a 14, a supporting seat, a 15, a second-stage blanking cavity, a 16, a spiral heating interlayer, a 17, a bottom heat-conducting pipe, a 18, a spiral air flue, a 19, a first-stage blanking cavity, a 20, a spiral spoiler, a 21, a top heat-conducting pipe, a 22, a heat-conducting ring, a 23, a supporting inner ring, a 24, an incomplete spoiler, a 25, a flow pipe, a 26, a conducting pipe, a 27, an anti-discharge cavity, a 28, a crop limiting plate, a 29, a limiting hole, a 30, a supporting foot, a 31 and a filtering hole.

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1-6, the energy-saving dryer for crops in the scheme comprises a first-stage full contact heating device 1, a second-stage spiral contact heating device 2, a third-stage spiral turbulent heating device 3, a crop anti-discharge assembly 4, an air inlet 5, a feed inlet 6 and a discharge outlet 7, wherein the first-stage full contact heating device 1, the second-stage spiral contact heating device 2 and the third-stage spiral turbulent heating device 3 are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, the air inlet 5 is connected to the bottom of the first-stage full contact heating device 1, the discharge outlet 7 is communicated with the bottom side end of the third-stage spiral turbulent heating device 3, the feed inlet 6 is communicated with one side of the third-stage spiral turbulent heating device 3, the crop anti-discharge assembly 4 is arranged at the top of the third-stage spiral turbulent heating device 3, and the feed inlet 6 is communicated with the discharge outlet 7.

The whole transverse S-shaped arrangement of the discharge opening 7 can increase the buffer effect in the process of reducing and receiving materials, and avoid the damage of crop quality.

As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, in this scheme, the first-level fully contacts heating device 1 includes heating chamber 8, combustion chamber 9, supporting cavity 10, U-shaped communicating pipe 11 and gas vent 12, heating chamber 8 and supporting cavity 10 are the cavity setting of intercommunication, the below of supporting cavity 10 is located to heating chamber 8, lateral slot 13 has been seted up to the side between heating chamber 8 and the supporting cavity 10, combustion chamber 9 locates in lateral slot 13, U-shaped communicating pipe 11 is the U-shaped setting of horizontal setting, and the both sides of U-shaped communicating pipe 11 are linked together respectively and are located on the opposite side of the opening of combustion chamber 9, gas vent 12 communicates perpendicularly and locates the center department top of U-shaped communicating pipe 11, the bottom of heating chamber 8 is provided with supporting seat 14, gas inlet 5 locates between supporting seat 14 and the heating chamber 8, just gas inlet 5 and heating chamber 8 intercommunication, the side of bin 7 is the setting of horizontal S shape, the outlet end of bin 7 locates between the U-shaped communicating pipe 11 of both sides, be equipped with stabilizer blade 30 between heating chamber 8 and the supporting seat 14, and supporting seat 5 locates the bottom of a plurality of ring-shaped stabilizer blade 5 and locates the bottom of the supporting seat 5 and is located at the center department of heating chamber 5, the filter tip is located to the bottom of the supporting seat 5.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to further illustrate the scheme, the secondary spiral contact heating device 2 includes a secondary blanking cavity 15, a spiral heating interlayer 16 and a bottom heat-conducting tube 17, wherein the secondary blanking cavity 15 is communicated with and arranged above one end of the discharge hole 7, the spiral heating interlayer 16 is wrapped and arranged outside the secondary blanking cavity 15, a spiral air passage 18 is arranged inside the spiral heating interlayer 16, and the bottom heat-conducting tube 17 is communicated and arranged between the support cavity 10 and the bottom of the spiral air passage 18.

Further, tertiary spiral vortex heating device 3 includes one-level unloading chamber 19, spiral spoiler 20, top heat pipe 21, and one-level unloading chamber 19 intercommunication is located in the top of second grade unloading chamber 15, and spiral spoiler 20 intercommunication is located the periphery of one-level unloading chamber 19, and spiral spoiler 20 includes heat conduction ring 22, support inner ring 23 and incomplete spoiler 24, support inner ring 23 intercommunication is located the periphery of one-level unloading chamber 19, heat conduction ring 22 locates the periphery of support inner ring 23, the intercommunication is equipped with runner pipe 25 between support inner ring 23 and the heat conduction ring 22, be linked together between support inner ring 23 and the one-level unloading chamber 19, incomplete spoiler 24 is the circumference and arranges and locate in support inner ring 23, and is linked together between incomplete spoiler 24 and the one-level unloading chamber 19, top heat pipe 21 intercommunication is located between the top one side of spiral heating intermediate layer 16 and the heat conduction ring 22, charge door 6 intercommunication is located on one side of the top of one-level unloading chamber 19.

Preferably, the crop anti-discharging assembly 4 comprises a conducting pipe 26, an anti-discharging cavity 27 and a crop limiting plate 28, wherein the conducting pipe 26 is communicated with the top side of the first-stage blanking cavity 19, the conducting pipe 26 is communicated with the charging port 6, the anti-discharging cavity 27 is communicated with the upper side of the conducting pipe 26, the anti-discharging cavity 27 is arranged in a funnel shape, the crop limiting plate 28 is connected with the top opening of the anti-discharging cavity 27, limiting holes 29 are uniformly formed in the crop limiting plate 28, and the effect of the limiting holes 29 is used for preventing crops from being discharged along with hot air.

In this scheme, from top to bottom forms the unloading passageway between charge door 6, one-level unloading chamber 19, second grade unloading chamber 15, the bin outlet 7, and air inlet 5, heating chamber 8, support chamber 10, bottom heat pipe 17, spiral air flue 18, top heat pipe 21, heat conduction ring 22, runner pipe 25, spiral spoiler 20, support inner ring 23, one-level unloading chamber 19, prevent forming the heating air flue between the discharge chamber 27 from bottom to top.

During specific use, combustion heating is performed in the combustion chamber 9, the first-stage full contact heating device 1 is heated, the temperature of air in the heating cavity 8 rises, the heated air is expanded in volume and small in air density, then high-temperature air rises, the high-temperature air enters from the bottom heat conduction pipe 17 on the side surface of the second-stage spiral contact heating device 2, the second-stage blanking cavity 15 is heated through the spiral heating interlayer 16, the hot air flows out from the top side surface of the second-stage blanking cavity 15 and flows into the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device 3, and the hot air flows out from the top of the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device 3 in an upward spiral airflow mode through the spiral turbulent flow plate 20.

The crop is fed from the feed inlet 6, dried by the spirally rising air flow, falls down in the secondary spiral contact heating device 2 and is dried by radiation, and is dried by the heat burnt by the primary full contact heating device 1.

In the embodiment, the inner walls of the first-stage blanking cavity 19 and the second-stage blanking cavity 20 are correspondingly provided with flexible anti-collision layers, and the flexible anti-collision layers not only can separate adhered crops, but also can avoid loss caused by collision between the crops and the inner walls.

In the embodiment, the crop anti-discharge assembly 4 is used for exhausting air and collecting crops, and preventing the crops from being discharged along with hot air while drying the crops.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to the embodiments of the invention as shown in the drawings. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-conserving drying-machine of crops, its characterized in that: the device comprises a first-stage full contact heating device (1), a second-stage spiral contact heating device (2), a third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3), a crop anti-discharge assembly (4), an air inlet (5), a feed inlet (6) and a discharge outlet (7), wherein the first-stage full contact heating device (1), the second-stage spiral contact heating device (2) and the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3) are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, the air inlet (5) is connected to the bottom of the first-stage full contact heating device (1), the discharge outlet (7) is communicated with the bottom side end of the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3), the feed inlet (6) is communicated with one side of the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3), the crop anti-discharge assembly (4) is arranged at the top of the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3), and the feed inlet (6) is communicated with the discharge outlet (7);

the first-stage full-contact heating device (1) comprises a heating cavity (8), a combustion chamber (9), a supporting cavity (10), a U-shaped communicating pipe (11) and an exhaust port (12), wherein the heating cavity (8) and the supporting cavity (10) are arranged in a communicated hollow cavity, the heating cavity (8) is arranged below the supporting cavity (10), a transverse groove (13) is formed in the side end between the heating cavity (8) and the supporting cavity (10), the combustion chamber (9) is arranged in the transverse groove (13), the U-shaped communicating pipe (11) is in a transversely arranged U-shaped arrangement, two sides of the U-shaped communicating pipe (11) are respectively communicated with one another side opposite to the opening of the combustion chamber (9), the exhaust port (12) is vertically communicated with one another side opposite to the opening of the U-shaped communicating pipe (11), a supporting seat (14) is arranged at the bottom of the heating cavity (8), an air inlet (5) is arranged between the supporting seat (14) and the heating cavity (8), the air inlet (5) is communicated with the heating cavity (8), the side face (7) is arranged at the side face of the side face (7), and the two sides of the U-shaped communicating pipe (7) are arranged at the two sides of the discharge port (7);

the secondary spiral contact heating device (2) comprises a secondary blanking cavity (15), a spiral heating interlayer (16) and a bottom heat conduction pipe (17), wherein the secondary blanking cavity (15) is communicated with and arranged above one end of the discharge hole (7), the spiral heating interlayer (16) is wrapped and arranged outside the secondary blanking cavity (15), a spiral air passage (18) is formed in the spiral heating interlayer (16), and the bottom heat conduction pipe (17) is communicated and arranged between the supporting cavity (10) and the bottom of the spiral air passage (18);

the three-stage spiral vortex heating device (3) comprises a first-stage blanking cavity (19), a spiral vortex plate (20) and a top heat conducting pipe (21), wherein the first-stage blanking cavity (19) is communicated with the upper portion of the second-stage blanking cavity (15), the spiral vortex plate (20) is communicated with the periphery of the first-stage blanking cavity (19), the spiral vortex plate (20) comprises a heat conducting ring (22), a supporting inner ring (23) and an incomplete vortex plate (24), the supporting inner ring (23) is communicated with the periphery of the first-stage blanking cavity (19), the heat conducting ring (22) is arranged on the periphery of the supporting inner ring (23), a flow tube (25) is communicated between the supporting inner ring (23) and the first-stage blanking cavity (19), the incomplete vortex plate (24) is circumferentially arranged in the supporting inner ring (23), the incomplete vortex plate (24) is communicated with the first-stage blanking cavity (19), the top heat conducting pipe (22) is communicated with the top of the first-stage blanking cavity (16), and the top of the heat conducting ring (16) is communicated with the top of the first-stage blanking cavity (19).

2. The energy-saving dryer for crops according to claim 1, wherein: the crop anti-discharge assembly (4) comprises a guide pipe (26), an anti-discharge cavity (27) and a crop limiting plate (28), wherein the guide pipe (26) is communicated with the top side of the first-stage blanking cavity (19), the guide pipe (26) is also communicated with the charging port (6), the anti-discharge cavity (27) is communicated with the upper side of the guide pipe (26), the anti-discharge cavity (27) is in a funnel-shaped arrangement, the crop limiting plate (28) is connected with the top opening of the anti-discharge cavity (27), and limiting holes (29) are uniformly formed in the crop limiting plate (28).

3. The energy-saving dryer for crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: be equipped with stabilizer blade (30) between heating chamber (8) and supporting seat (14), the corner of heating chamber (8) and supporting seat (14) is located to stabilizer blade (30), air inlet (5) are protruding cyclic annular setting and connect the bottom of locating heating chamber (8), air inlet (5) department is provided with a plurality of filtration pore (31).

4. A crop energy-saving dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a discharging channel is formed among the charging hole (6), the primary discharging cavity (19), the secondary discharging cavity (15) and the discharging hole (7) from top to bottom.

5. The energy-saving dryer for crops according to claim 4, wherein: the air inlet (5), the heating cavity (8), the supporting cavity (10), the bottom heat conduction pipe (17), the spiral air flue (18), the top heat conduction pipe (21), the heat conduction ring (22), the flow pipe (25), the spiral spoiler (20), the supporting inner ring (23), the first-stage blanking cavity (19) and the anti-discharge cavity (27) form a heating air flue from bottom to top.

6. The energy-saving dryer for crops according to claim 5, wherein: the inner walls of the primary blanking cavity (19) and the secondary blanking cavity (20) are correspondingly provided with flexible anti-collision layers.