CN114562872A

CN114562872A - Energy-conserving drying-machine of crops

Info

Publication number: CN114562872A
Application number: CN202210152684.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许艳梅; 高强; 吴孝慧; 鹿业勃; 穆新恒
Original assignee: Dezhou Vocational and Technical College
Current assignee: Dezhou Vocational and Technical College
Priority date: 2022-02-18
Filing date: 2022-02-18
Publication date: 2022-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-18
Also published as: CN114562872B

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving crop dryer, which comprises a primary sufficient contact heating device, a secondary spiral contact heating device, a tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device and a crop discharge-preventing component, wherein the primary sufficient contact heating device, the secondary spiral contact heating device and the tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, and the crop discharge-preventing component is arranged at the top of the tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device. The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly provides a crop energy-saving dryer which has the advantages that under the action of gravity, crops are in flexible collision with an inner wall in the falling process to achieve the separation effect, the crops are fully contacted with hot air which is actively lifted upwards, the drying effect is perfected, the crops can be rapidly and uniformly dried, and the quality of the dried crops can be guaranteed.

Description

Energy-conserving drying-machine of crops

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an energy-saving dryer for crops.

Background

The drying-machine is a crops processing equipment, and crops are the various plants of agricultural cultivation, including grain crop and cash crop two main types, and reasonable meal collocation could bring the health for the human being, and the growth of crops can not leave scientific technological production technique to and the novel industrial manufacturing's mechanical equipment that can assist agricultural production that comes out, the processing of crops need use the drying-machine, and the crops after the stoving are changeed the storage, and is difficult for rotting.

However, the prior art has the following defects:

1. during the use process of the dryer, crops need to be dynamically stirred to achieve the effect of adhering the crops to each other and separating the crops, and the mechanical dynamic stirring needs to be driven by a plurality of motors, so that the loss of the dryer to power resources is increased, and the use cost is high;

2. the fertilizer is in direct contact with crops in the mechanical heating or stirring process in the drying process, so that the crops can be damaged, and the quality of the crops is influenced;

3. after drying, the crop is driven to be discharged by a corresponding device, and the use is not convenient enough.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the crop energy-saving dryer which has the advantages that under the action of gravity, crops are in flexible collision with the inner wall in the falling process to achieve the separation effect, the crops are fully contacted with hot air which is actively lifted upwards, the drying effect is perfected, the crops can be rapidly and uniformly dried, and the quality of the dried crops can be ensured.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention relates to an energy-saving crop dryer which comprises a primary sufficient contact heating device, a secondary spiral contact heating device, a tertiary spiral turbulent flow heating device, a crop discharge-preventing component, an air inlet, a feeding opening and a discharging opening.

In the scheme, the first-stage full contact heating device comprises a heating cavity, a combustion chamber, a supporting cavity, a U-shaped communicating pipe and an exhaust port, the heating cavity and the supporting cavity are arranged in a communicated hollow cavity body, the heating cavity is arranged below the supporting cavity, a transverse groove is arranged at the side end between the heating cavity and the supporting cavity, the combustion chamber is arranged in the transverse groove, the U-shaped communicating pipe is transversely arranged in a U shape, two sides of the U-shaped communicating pipe are respectively communicated with the other side of the combustion chamber opposite to the opening, the exhaust port is vertically communicated with and arranged above the center of the U-shaped communicating pipe, the bottom of the heating cavity is provided with a supporting seat, the air inlet is arranged between the supporting seat and the heating cavity, just the air inlet communicates with the heating chamber, the bin outlet side is horizontal S-shaped setting, the bin outlet runs through the support chamber setting, the exit end of bin outlet is located between the U-shaped communicating pipe of both sides.

For further elaborating this scheme, second grade spiral contact heating device includes second grade unloading chamber, spiral heating intermediate layer and bottom heat pipe, the one end top of bin outlet is located to second grade unloading chamber intercommunication, the outside in second grade unloading chamber is located to spiral heating intermediate layer parcel, the inside spiral air flue that is equipped with of spiral heating intermediate layer, bottom heat pipe intercommunication is located between the bottom of supporting chamber and spiral air flue.

Further, the three-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device comprises a primary blanking cavity, a spiral turbulent flow plate and a top heat conduction pipe, the primary blanking cavity is communicated with the upper part of the secondary blanking cavity, the spiral spoiler is communicated with the periphery of the primary blanking cavity, the spiral spoiler comprises a heat conduction ring, a support inner ring and an incomplete spoiler, the support inner ring is communicated with the periphery of the primary blanking cavity, the heat conduction ring is arranged on the periphery of the support inner ring, a circulation pipe is communicated between the support inner ring and the heat conduction ring, the supporting inner ring is communicated with the primary blanking cavity, the incomplete spoilers are arranged in the supporting inner ring in a circumferential manner, and the incomplete spoiler is communicated with the primary blanking cavity, the top heat conduction pipe is communicated between one side of the top of the spiral heating interlayer and the heat conduction ring, and the charging opening is communicated on one side of the top of the primary blanking cavity.

Preferably, crops prevent that the subassembly of discharging includes the conduction pipe, prevents discharge chamber and crops limiting plate, on the top one side in one-level unloading chamber was located to the conduction pipe intercommunication, and the conduction pipe still communicates with the charge door, prevent that discharge chamber intercommunication locates the top of conduction pipe, prevent that discharge chamber is the infundibulate setting, crops limiting plate connects and locates the open-top department in preventing discharge chamber, spacing hole has evenly been seted up on the crops limiting plate.

Preferably, be equipped with the stabilizer blade between heating chamber and the supporting seat, the edge department of heating chamber and supporting seat is located to the stabilizer blade, the air inlet is suddenly the annular setting and connects the bottom of locating the heating chamber, air inlet department is provided with a plurality of filtration pores.

Preferably, the inner walls of the primary blanking cavity and the secondary blanking cavity are correspondingly provided with flexible anti-collision layers.

The invention relates to an energy-saving crop dryer, which adopts the structure and has the following beneficial effects:

1. after the combustion chamber is combusted and heated, the primary full contact heating device is heated, the air temperature in the heating cavity rises, high-temperature hot air rises, immediately enters a spiral heating interlayer in the secondary spiral contact heating device and rises into the tertiary spiral turbulence heating device, high-temperature gas in each flow direction is further mixed and disturbed under the action of an incomplete spoiler and then enters the primary blanking cavity, the direct impact of the high-temperature gas on crops can be reduced, and the good performance of heating and drying the crops can be kept.

2. The crop anti-discharge assembly is matched with the crop anti-discharge assembly, so that the crop anti-discharge assembly can be used for discharging hot air and collecting crops, the crops are prevented from being discharged along with the hot air when the crops are dried, and the crops are prevented from being lost in the drying process.

3. Air flue and crops passageway separately set up, do not influence the normal unloading of crops in the heating, conveniently collect crops, hot-air is according to the direction from the bottom up rises, and crops then are according to the direction unloading from the top down, one accords with the density relation, another person then accords with the gravity relation, the hot-air that rises to the top then is earlier by the hot-air contact crops at top, again by the hot-air contact crops of bottom, reach heating temperature progressive effect and effect in proper order, guarantee the sufficiency of stoving, and the crops of whereabouts scatter in one-level unloading chamber, on the inner wall in second grade unloading chamber, then can present the state of scattering, it reaches the stoving effect to change, and the setting up of flexible anticollision layer not only can make between the adhesion crops separate, still can avoid crops direct and inner wall collision to cause the loss.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the energy-saving crop dryer of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the energy-saving crop dryer of the present embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present solution;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present solution;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the spiral spoiler in the present embodiment.

The device comprises a first-level full contact heating device, a second-level spiral contact heating device, a third-level spiral turbulent flow heating device, a crop anti-discharge assembly, a 5 air inlet, a 6 charging port, a 7 discharging port, a 8 heating cavity, a 9 combustion chamber, a 10 supporting cavity, a 11U-shaped communicating pipe, a 12 exhaust port, a 13 transverse groove, a 14 supporting seat, a 15 secondary discharging cavity, a 16 spiral heating interlayer, a 17 bottom heat conduction pipe, a 18 spiral air passage, a 19 primary discharging cavity, a 20 spiral turbulent flow plate, a 21 top heat conduction pipe, a 22 heat conduction ring, a 23 supporting inner ring, a 24 incomplete turbulent flow plate, a 25 circulation pipe, a 26 conduction pipe, a 27 anti-discharge cavity, a 28 crop limiting plate, a 29 limiting hole, a 30 supporting leg, a 31 and a filtering hole.

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-6, the energy-saving crop dryer of the scheme comprises a first-stage full contact heating device 1, a second-stage spiral contact heating device 2, a third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device 3, a crop discharge-preventing component 4, an air inlet 5, a charging opening 6 and a discharging opening 7, the first-stage full contact heating device 1, the second-stage spiral contact heating device 2 and the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device 3 are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, the air inlet 5 is connected with the bottom of the first-stage full contact heating device 1, the discharge outlet 7 is communicated with the bottom side end of the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device 3, feed inlet 6 intercommunication is located on one side of tertiary spiral vortex heating device 3, tertiary spiral vortex heating device 3's top is located to crops anti-discharge assembly 4, be linked together between feed inlet 6 and the bin outlet 7.

The whole horizontal S-shaped setting that is of bin outlet 7, the setting of this shape can increase cushioning effect at the in-process that descends to receive the material, avoids the damage of crops quality.

As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the first-stage full contact heating apparatus 1 includes a heating chamber 8, a combustion chamber 9, a supporting chamber 10, a U-shaped communicating pipe 11 and an exhaust port 12, the heating chamber 8 and the supporting chamber 10 are arranged in a communicated hollow cavity, the heating chamber 8 is arranged below the supporting chamber 10, a transverse groove 13 is arranged at a side end between the heating chamber 8 and the supporting chamber 10, the combustion chamber 9 is arranged in the transverse groove 13, the U-shaped communicating pipe 11 is arranged in a transversely arranged U-shape, two sides of the U-shaped communicating pipe 11 are respectively communicated with and arranged on the other side of the combustion chamber 9 opposite to the opening, the exhaust port 12 is vertically communicated with and arranged above the center of the U-shaped communicating pipe 11, the bottom of the heating chamber 8 is provided with a supporting seat 14, the air inlet 5 is arranged between the supporting seat 14 and the supporting seat 8, and the air inlet 5 is communicated with the heating chamber 8, and the side of the heating port 7 is arranged in a transverse S-shape, the bin outlet 7 runs through the setting of support chamber 10, and the exit end of bin outlet 7 is located between the U-shaped communicating pipe 11 of both sides, is equipped with stabilizer blade 30 between heating chamber 8 and the supporting seat 14, and stabilizer blade 30 locates the edge of heating chamber 8 and supporting seat 14, and air inlet 5 is the abrupt ring form and sets up the bottom of connecting and locating heating chamber 8, and air inlet 5 department is provided with a plurality of filtration pores 31.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to further explain the present invention, the two-stage spiral contact heating device 2 includes a two-stage discharging cavity 15, a spiral heating interlayer 16 and a bottom heat pipe 17, the two-stage discharging cavity 15 is communicated with and disposed above one end of the discharging opening 7, the spiral heating interlayer 16 is wrapped and disposed outside the two-stage discharging cavity 15, a spiral air passage 18 is disposed inside the spiral heating interlayer 16, and the bottom heat pipe 17 is communicated and disposed between the support cavity 10 and the bottom of the spiral air passage 18.

Further, the three-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device 3 comprises a primary blanking cavity 19, a spiral spoiler 20 and a top heat conduction pipe 21, wherein the primary blanking cavity 19 is communicated with and arranged above the secondary blanking cavity 15, the spiral spoiler 20 is communicated with and arranged at the periphery of the primary blanking cavity 19, the spiral spoiler 20 comprises a heat conduction ring 22, a support inner ring 23 and an incomplete spoiler 24, the support inner ring 23 is communicated with and arranged at the periphery of the primary blanking cavity 19, the heat conduction ring 22 is arranged at the periphery of the support inner ring 23, a circulation pipe 25 is communicated between the support inner ring 23 and the heat conduction ring 22, the support inner ring 23 is communicated with the primary blanking cavity 19, the incomplete spoiler 24 is arranged in the support inner ring 23 in a circumferential manner, the incomplete spoiler 24 is communicated with the primary blanking cavity 19, the top heat conduction pipe 21 is communicated between one side of the top of the spiral heating interlayer 16 and the heat conduction ring 22, the feed inlet 6 is communicated with and arranged on one side of the top of the primary blanking cavity 19.

Preferably, crops prevent discharging subassembly 4 includes conduction pipe 26, prevents discharging chamber 27 and crops limiting plate 28, conduction pipe 26 communicates and locates on one-level unloading chamber 19's top one side, and conduction pipe 26 still communicates with charge door 6, prevent discharging chamber 27 communicates and locate the top of conduction pipe 26, prevent discharging chamber 27 and be the infundibulate setting, crops limiting plate 28 is connected and is located the top opening part of preventing discharging chamber 27, spacing hole 29 has evenly been seted up on the crops limiting plate 28, and spacing hole 29's effect then is used for preventing crops along with the steam discharge.

In this scheme, form unloading passageway from the top down between charge door 6, one-level unloading chamber 19, second grade unloading chamber 15, the bin outlet 7, and air inlet 5, heating chamber 8, support chamber 10, bottom heat pipe 17, spiral air flue 18, top heat pipe 21, heat-conducting ring 22, runner pipe 25, spiral spoiler 20, support inner ring 23, one-level unloading chamber 19, prevent discharging and form the heating air flue from the bottom up between chamber 27.

During the specific use, burn the heating in the combustion chamber 9, heat one-level abundant contact heating device 1, make heating chamber 8 air temperature rise, because the back air volume expansion of being heated, air density is little, and then the high-temperature hot air rises, get into from the bottom heat pipe 17 of second grade spiral contact heating device 2 sides, heat second grade unloading chamber 15 through spiral heating intermediate layer 16, hot-air flows out and flows into tertiary spiral vortex heating device 3 from the top side of second grade unloading chamber 15, hot-air is ascending spiral air current through spiral vortex 20 and flows out from tertiary spiral vortex heating device 3 top.

The crops are fed from the feed inlet 6, are dried by the spirally rising airflow, fall and are subjected to radiation drying in the secondary spiral contact heating device 2, and are dried by the heat of combustion in the primary full contact heating device 1.

In the embodiment, the inner walls of the first-level blanking cavity 19 and the second-level blanking cavity 20 are correspondingly provided with flexible anti-collision layers, and the flexible anti-collision layers are arranged to separate adhered crops and avoid the damage caused by the direct collision of the adhered crops with the inner walls.

In the embodiment, the crop discharge preventing assembly 4 is arranged to exhaust heat air, collect crops, and prevent the crops from being discharged along with the hot air while drying the crops.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving drying-machine of crops which characterized in that: comprises a first-stage full contact heating device (1), a second-stage spiral contact heating device (2), a third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3), a crop discharge-preventing component (4), an air inlet (5), a feed inlet (6) and a discharge outlet (7), the first-stage full contact heating device (1), the second-stage spiral contact heating device (2) and the third-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3) are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, the air inlet (5) is connected with the bottom of the first-stage full contact heating device (1), the discharge outlet (7) is communicated with the bottom side end of the three-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3), the feed inlet (6) is communicated with and arranged on one side of the three-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3), crop anti-discharge assembly (4) is arranged at the top of three-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3), and feed opening (6) is communicated with discharge opening (7).

2. The energy-saving crop dryer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the one-stage full-contact heating device (1) comprises a heating cavity (8), a combustion chamber (9), a supporting cavity (10), a U-shaped communicating pipe (11) and an exhaust port (12), wherein the heating cavity (8) and the supporting cavity (10) are communicated hollow cavities, the heating cavity (8) is arranged below the supporting cavity (10), a transverse groove (13) is formed in the side end between the heating cavity (8) and the supporting cavity (10), the combustion chamber (9) is arranged in the transverse groove (13), the U-shaped communicating pipe (11) is transversely arranged in a U-shaped manner, two sides of the U-shaped communicating pipe (11) are respectively communicated and arranged on the other side of the combustion chamber (9) opposite to the opening, the exhaust port (12) is vertically communicated and arranged above the center of the U-shaped communicating pipe (11), a supporting seat (14) is arranged at the bottom of the heating cavity (8), and the air inlet (5) is arranged between the supporting seat (14) and the heating cavity (8), just air inlet (5) and heating chamber (8) intercommunication, bin outlet (7) side is horizontal S-shaped setting, bin outlet (7) run through and support chamber (10) setting, the exit end of bin outlet (7) is located between U-shaped communicating pipe (11) of both sides.

3. The energy-saving crop dryer as claimed in claim 2, wherein: second grade spiral contact heating device (2) include second grade unloading chamber (15), spiral heating intermediate layer (16) and bottom heat pipe (17), the one end top of bin outlet (7) is located in second grade unloading chamber (15) intercommunication, the outside in second grade unloading chamber (15) is located in spiral heating intermediate layer (16) parcel, spiral heating intermediate layer (16) inside is equipped with spiral air flue (18), bottom heat pipe (17) intercommunication is located between the bottom of supporting chamber (10) and spiral air flue (18).

4. The energy-saving crop dryer as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the three-stage spiral turbulent flow heating device (3) comprises a first-stage blanking cavity (19), a spiral turbulent flow plate (20) and a top heat conduction pipe (21), wherein the first-stage blanking cavity (19) is communicated with and arranged above a second-stage blanking cavity (15), the spiral turbulent flow plate (20) is communicated with and arranged at the periphery of the first-stage blanking cavity (19), the spiral turbulent flow plate (20) comprises a heat conduction ring (22), a support inner ring (23) and an incomplete turbulent flow plate (24), the support inner ring (23) is communicated with and arranged at the periphery of the first-stage blanking cavity (19), the heat conduction ring (22) is arranged at the periphery of the support inner ring (23), a circulation pipe (25) is communicated between the support inner ring (23) and the heat conduction ring (22), the support inner ring (23) is communicated with the first-stage blanking cavity (19), and the incomplete turbulent flow plate (24) is arranged in the support inner ring (23) in a circumferential manner, and the incomplete spoiler (24) is communicated with the primary blanking cavity (19), the top heat conduction pipe (21) is communicated between one side of the top of the spiral heating interlayer (16) and the heat conduction ring (22), and the charging opening (6) is communicated on one side of the top of the primary blanking cavity (19).

5. The energy-saving crop dryer as claimed in claim 4, wherein: discharge assembly (4) is prevented to crops includes conduction pipe (26), prevents discharge chamber (27) and crops limiting plate (28), on top one side in one-level unloading chamber (19) is located in conduction pipe (26) intercommunication, and conduction pipe (26) still communicates with charge door (6), prevent the top of conduction pipe (26) is located in discharge chamber (27) intercommunication, prevent discharge chamber (27) and be the infundibulate setting, the top opening part in discharge chamber (27) is prevented locating in crops limiting plate (28) connection, spacing hole (29) have evenly been seted up on crops limiting plate (28).

6. The energy-saving crop dryer as claimed in claim 2, wherein: be equipped with stabilizer blade (30) between heating chamber (8) and supporting seat (14), the edge department in heating chamber (8) and supporting seat (14) is located in stabilizer blade (30), air inlet (5) are suddenly the annular setting and connect the bottom of locating heating chamber (8), air inlet (5) department is provided with a plurality of filtration holes (31).

7. The energy-saving crop dryer as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and a blanking channel is formed among the feed inlet (6), the primary blanking cavity (19), the secondary blanking cavity (15) and the discharge outlet (7) from top to bottom.

8. The energy-saving crop dryer as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the heating air channel is formed among the air inlet (5), the heating cavity (8), the supporting cavity (10), the bottom heat conduction pipe (17), the spiral air channel (18), the top heat conduction pipe (21), the heat conduction ring (22), the circulating pipe (25), the spiral spoiler (20), the supporting inner ring (23), the primary blanking cavity (19) and the anti-discharge cavity (27) from bottom to top.

9. The energy-saving crop dryer as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and the inner walls of the primary discharging cavity (19) and the secondary discharging cavity (20) are correspondingly provided with flexible anti-collision layers.