CN114557262A - Ecological slope construction system based on sponge idea - Google Patents
Ecological slope construction system based on sponge idea Download PDFInfo
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- CN114557262A CN114557262A CN202210059205.1A CN202210059205A CN114557262A CN 114557262 A CN114557262 A CN 114557262A CN 202210059205 A CN202210059205 A CN 202210059205A CN 114557262 A CN114557262 A CN 114557262A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/02—Combinations of filters of different kinds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0275—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features cast in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological slope construction system based on a sponge idea, which comprises a rainwater collection system during rainfall and an automatic spraying system during drought, wherein the rainwater collection system comprises a catchment channel, a filter screen, a reverse filter layer, a retaining wall, a concrete reservoir, a water level sensor, a drain pipe, a fuzzy control system and the like; the invention also discloses a method for collecting rainwater and automatically spraying rainwater by utilizing the ecological slope construction system based on the sponge concept; the rainwater on the slope surface of the side slope and the rainwater in the slope can be effectively collected, so that water resources are saved, and the stability of the side slope is enhanced; the temperature, humidity and water pressure in air and soil can be monitored in real time, fuzzy algorithm control is carried out through a fuzzy system, and automatic effective spraying of slope vegetation can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of slope engineering, and particularly relates to an ecological slope construction system based on a sponge concept and a construction and use method thereof.
Background
China is wide in territory and complex in terrain, the vast majority of regions are in monsoon climate regions, precipitation is unevenly distributed in space and time, and per-capita water resources are more serious defects, so that the method is one of countries with serious water shortage in the world.
The side slope is an unstable geologic body and has the characteristics of instability, looseness and the like, the drainage of the side slope is an important task in side slope engineering, and the drainage of the side slope is carried out through drainage ditches, cut-off grooves and other modes in the traditional method. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the occurrence of geological disasters such as landslide caused by water and soil loss of the side slope, ecological restoration needs to be carried out on the side slope, and the high permeability of the side slope soil body enables the water loss to be fast, so that the side slope vegetation maintenance is not facilitated. The shortage of water resources is always a main factor troubling the ecological restoration of the side slope, the restoration of a plurality of ecological side slopes ends up in failure due to the shortage of water resources of the side slope, and the drainage work of the traditional side slope engineering is only to simply drain water out of the side slope, so that the serious waste of the water resources is caused.
The sponge is a material which is convenient for storing and discharging water, and people utilize the concept of the sponge to provide the concept of the sponge slope, namely: the rainwater is collected during rainfall, and the collected rainwater is utilized for irrigation during drought, so that the water resource is recycled, the energy is saved, the ecology is protected, and the method is a sustainable development concept with environmental protection.
At present, a plurality of spray systems in parks need manual switching, and even a plurality of so-called 'automatic' spray irrigation systems are only switched on and off at certain time of a day in a timing mode, so that the strange phenomenon that water is sprayed in rainy days is caused, and a large amount of water resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an ecological side slope construction system based on a sponge concept, wherein a side slope rainwater circulation system can collect rainwater in rainy days and irrigate side slope vegetation by using the stored rainwater in drought days to construct a 'sponge side slope' capable of recycling the rainwater; the automatic spraying system can detect the temperature and humidity of soil and air, output results after fuzzy processing is carried out on collected information, determine whether spraying is carried out or not and the spraying time, and realize unmanned full-automatic spraying.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an ecological slope construction system based on sponge theory comprises:
the rainwater collecting system is used for collecting and converging the side slope surface rainwater and the rainwater permeating into the side slope soil layer into the concrete water storage tank during rainfall;
the automatic spraying system is used for automatically spraying slope vegetation by utilizing water stored in the concrete reservoir during drought;
the rainwater collection system comprises a catchment channel, a filter screen, a reverse filter layer, a retaining wall, a water collecting pipe, a concrete reservoir, a manhole with a cover, a water level sensor, a drain pipe and a fuzzy control system;
the catchment canal adopts concrete placement in the surface of side slope, and its cross section personally submits the rectangle, and catchment canal is many, and its planar arrangement is the crisscross distribution of rhombus, and it is used for gathering the rainwater with domatic rainfall except that permeate the stratum and flows into the collector pipe.
Furthermore, the water collecting pipe is an anti-corrosion pressure-resistant plastic pipe, is arranged between the inverted filter layer and the wall rear filling along the vertical direction and is used for guiding rainwater flowing into the water collecting channel into the concrete reservoir.
Further, the reverse filtering layer is filled between the back of the retaining wall and the filling layer, has sand, gravels and pebbles with different grain diameters and does not contain perishable substances; the sand and gravel particles are non-sticky particles; the reverse filter layer is used for filtering rainwater penetrating into soil and then flowing into the concrete water storage tank through the water collecting pipe, so that the water storage effect is achieved, the water content of soil filled behind a wall is reduced, and the stability of a side slope is enhanced.
Furthermore, the retaining wall is poured by reinforced concrete and is supported and blocked at the front part of the side slope so as to prevent the side slope from unstably collapsing; the retaining wall is a retaining structure which is arranged at the front part of the side slope and is designed and constructed according to the technical specification of the side slope, and the retaining wall is used for retaining the side slope and preventing the side slope from unstably collapsing.
Further, the filter screen is including the foraminiferous plastic net piece of multilayer that is located catchment canal and collector pipe junction, and it is used for filtering dregs such as the earth leaf that carries natural rainwash out, prevents to block up the collector pipe, is located anti-filter layer and collector pipe junction filter screen primary function and is isolated the earth in the anti-filter layer with water, avoids blockking up the collector pipe.
Furthermore, the concrete reservoir is positioned at the toe of the side slope and used for storing rainwater obtained by natural rainfall for later use; the bottom of the concrete reservoir can bear the pressure generated by the self weight of water after being filled with water, the side wall of the concrete reservoir can resist the pressure of horizontal soil, and the top of the concrete reservoir can bear the soil filling, the fuzzy control system and the pedestrian load.
Furthermore, a water level sensor for monitoring the concrete reservoir in real time is installed on the side wall of the concrete reservoir along the vertical direction, and the water level sensor is in signal connection with the fuzzy control system and used for converting the collected water level information into an electric signal and then inputting the electric signal into the fuzzy control system.
Furthermore, the fuzzy control system can receive and process signals from the soil temperature sensor, the soil humidity sensor, the air temperature sensor, the air humidity sensor, the water level sensor and the water pressure sensor, and controls whether the automatic spraying system sprays and the spraying duration after the signals are processed by the fuzzy algorithm.
Furthermore, the drain pipe is positioned at the bottom of the concrete reservoir, one end of the drain pipe is connected into the concrete reservoir, and the other end of the drain pipe is connected into surface runoff; when the fuzzy control system detects that the current water level is greater than the maximum capacity of the concrete reservoir through the water level sensor, the valve positioned in the water drainage pipe is controlled to be opened; and when the fuzzy control system detects that the current water level is less than the maximum water level of the concrete reservoir through the water level sensor, controlling a valve positioned in the water drainage pipe to be closed.
The automatic spraying system comprises a sensor support, an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor, a soil temperature sensor, a soil humidity sensor, a water pressure sensor, a water level sensor, a rotary type rain curtain nozzle, branch pipes, a main pipe, a fuzzy control system and a high-pressure water pump.
Further, the sensor bracket is a stainless steel bracket which is firmly buried in the slope surface of the side slope and is used for mounting the air temperature sensor, the air humidity sensor, the soil temperature sensor and the soil humidity sensor; the wires of each sensor are connected to the fuzzy control system through a conduit formed hollow in the interior of the sensor holder.
Further, the air temperature sensor and the air humidity sensor are fixed above the sensor bracket; the soil temperature sensor and the soil humidity sensor are fixed below the sensor bracket and are embedded into the soil.
Furthermore, the rotary rain curtain spray head is positioned at the upper part of the branch pipe, can rotate around the axis of the branch pipe under the action of water pressure, and can uniformly fall by entering and leaving.
Furthermore, the water pressure sensor is positioned below the spray head and used for monitoring the water pressure reaching the spray head at present, converting a water pressure signal into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the fuzzy control system.
Further, the main pipe is connected with the high-pressure water pump and the branch pipes and used for conveying water pumped out by the high-pressure water pump to each branch pipe; the high-pressure water pump is positioned at the bottom of the concrete reservoir and used for pumping water of the concrete reservoir to the rotary rain curtain sprayer.
The invention also discloses a method for constructing the ecological slope construction system based on the sponge concept, which comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection is carried out on the concrete reservoir; the position of the concrete reservoir is required to be lower, and the building of the concrete reservoir does not greatly influence the stability of the side slope;
s2, completing the design and construction of the concrete reservoir;
s3, carrying out slope backfilling; before backfilling, the sand and stone filter layer is filled beside the water collecting pipe, and the sand and stone used in the filter layer do not contain clay particles;
s4, building a retaining wall on a side slope at the upper part of the concrete reservoir; the retaining wall can be a gravity retaining wall, a cantilever retaining wall or a counterfort retaining wall, and can bear the soil pressure transmitted from the upper slope; the position of the retaining wall close to the lower part is reserved with a hole, so that the water collecting pipe can conveniently penetrate through the hole.
S5, constructing a catchment channel on the slope surface of the side slope; the catchment channel is cast by concrete, the cross section of the catchment channel is rectangular, and the plane arrangement is distributed rhombic.
The invention also discloses a method for collecting rainwater by utilizing the ecological slope construction system based on the sponge idea, in rainy days, rainwater is collected through a water collecting channel arranged on the surface of the slope, the rainwater is guided into a concrete reservoir through a water collecting pipe connected downwards, the water collecting pipe simultaneously guides water flow in the slope into the concrete reservoir, the top of the water collecting pipe is provided with a filter screen to prevent soil sand particles in the flowing water from blocking the water collecting pipe, a water level sensor is arranged in the concrete reservoir to detect the water level in the reservoir and send a signal to a fuzzy control system, when the water level is higher than the critical water level of the concrete reservoir, the fuzzy control system sends a drainage indication, the rainwater is drained through a drainage pipe, and when the blockage occurs in the concrete reservoir and the water level sensor fails, the top cover of a manhole with a cover is opened for maintenance.
The invention also discloses a method for automatically spraying by utilizing the ecological slope construction system based on the sponge concept, the temperature and the humidity in the air and the soil are detected by an air temperature sensor and an air humidity sensor which are arranged on a sensor bracket and a soil temperature sensor and a soil humidity sensor in sunny days, signals are sent to a fuzzy control system, the fuzzy control system judges the external conditions by the fuzzy principle, when the temperature and the humidity in the soil and the air are below set values, the fuzzy control system sends a spraying indication, a high-pressure water pump pumps the rainwater in a concrete reservoir, the rainwater is conveyed to each branch pipe by a main pipe and then is sprayed by a rotary rain curtain spray head at the top of the branch pipe to irrigate the slope vegetation, the bottom of the rotary rain curtain spray head is provided with a water pressure sensor which can detect the water pressure in the branch pipe and send the signals to the fuzzy control system, when the water pressure is insufficient or abnormal, the fuzzy control system sends out a fault indication, the high-pressure water pump is turned off, and the high-pressure water pump is overhauled by opening the top cover of the overhaul well with the cover when abnormal or main pipe blockage occurs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) rainwater on the surface of the side slope is collected through a catchment channel, water flow is conveyed through a water collecting pipe, the water flow on the surface of the side slope and the water flow in the slope body are collected through a concrete water storage pool, the water level in the concrete water storage pool is monitored through a water level sensor, and the water drainage pipe is controlled through a fuzzy control system to keep the water level of the concrete water storage pool within a normal range, so that the collection of the water flow on the side slope is realized;
(2) by discharging and collecting the underground water in the side slope, the water content of the soil can be reduced, and the stability of the side slope is enhanced;
(3) through temperature, humidity in air temperature sensor, air humidity transducer, soil temperature sensor, soil humidity transducer detection air and the soil, through fuzzy control system control high pressure water pump, through the rainwater in the high pressure water pump pumping concrete cistern, through being responsible for carrying rivers, through branch pipe dispersion rivers, spray the rainwater through rotation type rain curtain shower nozzle, through being located the water pressure sensor monitoring water pressure under the rotation type rain curtain shower nozzle, realized that automatic slope vegetation sprays.
Drawings
The invention can be further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a rain water collecting system in rainfall in an ecological slope constructing system based on a sponge concept;
FIG. 2 is an automatic spraying system during drought in the ecological slope construction system based on the sponge concept;
fig. 3 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the ecological slope construction system based on the sponge concept.
The main element symbols are as follows:
the water collecting channel 1, the water collecting pipe 2, the inverted filter layer 3, the retaining wall 4, the filter screen 5, the concrete reservoir 6, the manhole with a cover 7, the water level sensor 8, the fuzzy control system 9, the drain pipe 10, the sensor support 11, the air temperature sensor 12, the air humidity sensor 13, the soil temperature sensor 14, the soil humidity sensor 15, the rotary rain curtain nozzle 16, the water pressure sensor 17, the branch pipe 18, the main pipe 19 and the high-pressure water pump 20.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, the following technical solutions are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, when the rainwater collection system is built, the concrete reservoir 6 should be first located at a lower position, and the building of the concrete reservoir 6 does not have a great influence on the slope stability. The design and construction of the concrete reservoir 6 are implemented completely according to the relevant technical specifications, and the strength and the deformation of the concrete reservoir meet the requirements.
When the slope is backfilled, the water collecting pipe 2 is embedded in advance, the top of the water collecting pipe is provided with a filter screen 5 to prevent dregs from falling into the water collecting pipe, then the sand and stone reverse filtering layer 3 is filled beside the water collecting pipe 2, sand and stone adopted in the reverse filtering layer 3 do not contain clay particles, and large-particle solid matters in underground water can be effectively filtered.
And then build retaining wall 4 to the side slope on concrete cistern 6 upper portion and prop up and keep off, can adopt forms such as gravity type, cantilever type, counterfort retaining wall 4, must guarantee here that retaining wall 4 can bear the soil pressure that the side slope of upper portion passed down. Holes are reserved at proper positions of the lower portion of the retaining wall 4, the water collecting pipes 2 can conveniently penetrate through the holes, water flow in the slope is led into the concrete reservoir 6, water resources are saved, and slope stability is enhanced.
The catchment channel 1 is built on the slope surface of the side slope, concrete is poured, the cross section of the catchment channel is rectangular, the plane arrangement is distributed rhombic, and rainfall can be effectively converged quickly and flows into the concrete reservoir 6 through the water collecting pipe 2.
When rainfall catchments, rainwater is collected through a catchment channel 1 arranged on the surface of a side slope, the rainwater is guided into a concrete reservoir 6 through a water collecting pipe 2 connected downwards, the water collecting pipe 2 simultaneously guides water flow in the slope into the concrete reservoir 6, a filter screen 5 is arranged at the top of the water collecting pipe 2 to prevent soil and sand particles in the flowing water from blocking the water collecting pipe 5, a water level sensor 8 arranged in the concrete reservoir 6 can detect the water level in the reservoir and send a signal to a fuzzy control system 9, when the water level is higher than the critical water level of the concrete reservoir 6, the fuzzy control system 9 sends a drainage instruction to drain part of the rainwater through a drain pipe 10, and when blockage occurs in the concrete reservoir 6 and the water level sensor 8 fails, the top cover of an access well 7 with a cover is opened for maintenance.
As shown in fig. 2, the automatic spray system during drought, in sunny days, the temperature and humidity in the air and soil are detected by the air temperature sensor 12 and the air humidity sensor 13, the soil temperature sensor 14 and the soil humidity sensor 15 which are arranged on the sensor bracket 11, and the signals are sent to the fuzzy control system 9, the fuzzy control system 9 judges the external conditions by the fuzzy principle, when the temperature and humidity in the soil and the air are below certain limits, the fuzzy control system 9 sends out a spray instruction, the high pressure water pump 20 pumps the rainwater in the concrete reservoir 6, the rainwater is sent to each branch pipe 18 by the main pipe 19, the rainwater is sprayed by the rotary rain curtain spray nozzles 16 at the tops of the branch pipes 18 to irrigate the side slope, the water pressure sensor 17 is arranged at the bottoms of the rotary rain curtain spray nozzles 16, the water pressure in the branch pipes 18 can be detected, and the signals are sent to the fuzzy control system 9, when the water pressure is insufficient or abnormal, the fuzzy control system 9 sends out a fault indication, the high-pressure water pump 20 is closed, and the high-pressure water pump 20 is abnormal or the main pipe 19 is blocked, and the maintenance is carried out by opening the top cover of the manhole 7 with the cover.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an ecological side slope construction system based on sponge theory which characterized in that includes:
the rainwater collecting system is used for collecting and converging the rainwater on the side slope surface and the rainwater permeating into the side slope soil layer into the concrete reservoir during rainfall;
and the automatic spraying system is used for automatically spraying the slope vegetation by utilizing the water stored in the concrete reservoir during drought.
2. The ecological slope building system based on the sponge idea as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rainwater collection system comprises a catchment channel, a filter screen, a reverse filter layer, a retaining wall, a water collecting pipe, a concrete reservoir, a manhole with a cover, a water level sensor, a drain pipe and a fuzzy control system;
the catchment channels are poured on the surfaces of the side slopes by adopting concrete, the cross sections of the catchment channels are rectangular, the catchment channels are multiple, the plane arrangement of the catchment channels is in diamond staggered distribution, and the catchment channels are used for collecting rainwater on the slope surface except for rainwater penetrating into the stratum and then flowing into the water collecting pipes;
the water collecting pipe is an anticorrosive pressure-resistant plastic pipe, is arranged between the inverted filter layer and the wall rear filling along the vertical direction and is used for guiding rainwater flowing into the water collecting channel into the concrete reservoir;
the inverted filter layer is buried between the wall back of the retaining wall and the filling layer, has sand, gravels and pebbles with different grain diameters, and does not contain perishable substances; the sand and gravel particles are non-sticky particles; the reverse filtering layer is used for filtering rainwater permeated into soil and then flowing into the concrete reservoir through the water collecting pipe;
the retaining wall is poured by reinforced concrete and is supported and blocked at the front part of the side slope so as to prevent the side slope from unstably collapsing;
the filter screen comprises a plurality of layers of plastic meshes with holes, which are positioned at the joint of the catchment channel and the water collecting pipe and are used for filtering dregs carried by natural rainwater washing to prevent the water collecting pipe from being blocked;
the concrete reservoir is positioned at the slope toe of the side slope and used for storing rainwater obtained by natural rainfall for later use; the bottom of the concrete reservoir can bear the pressure generated by the self weight of water after being filled with water, the side wall of the concrete reservoir can resist the pressure of horizontal soil, and the top of the concrete reservoir can bear the soil filling, the fuzzy control system and the pedestrian load;
a water level sensor for monitoring the concrete reservoir in real time is arranged on the side wall of the concrete reservoir along the vertical direction, and the water level sensor is in signal connection with the fuzzy control system and is used for converting the collected water level information into an electric signal and inputting the electric signal into the fuzzy control system;
the fuzzy control system can receive and process signals from the soil temperature sensor, the soil humidity sensor, the air temperature sensor, the air humidity sensor, the water level sensor and the water pressure sensor, and controls whether the automatic spraying system sprays and the spraying duration after the signals are processed by a fuzzy algorithm;
the drainage pipe is positioned at the bottom of the concrete reservoir, one end of the drainage pipe is connected into the concrete reservoir, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected into surface runoff; when the fuzzy control system detects that the current water level is higher than the maximum capacity of the concrete reservoir through the water level sensor, the valve positioned in the water drainage pipe is controlled to be opened; and when the fuzzy control system detects that the current water level is lower than the maximum water level of the concrete reservoir through the water level sensor, controlling a valve positioned in the water drainage pipe to be closed.
3. The ecological slope building system based on the sponge idea as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the automatic spraying system comprises a sensor bracket, an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor, a soil temperature sensor, a soil humidity sensor, a water pressure sensor, a water level sensor, a rotary rain curtain nozzle, branch pipes, a main pipe, a fuzzy control system and a high-pressure water pump;
the sensor bracket is a stainless steel bracket which is firmly buried on the slope surface of the side slope and is used for mounting the air temperature sensor, the air humidity sensor, the soil temperature sensor and the soil humidity sensor; the lead of each sensor passes through a conduit formed in the hollow part of the sensor bracket and is connected to the fuzzy control system;
the air temperature sensor and the air humidity sensor are fixed above the sensor bracket; the soil temperature sensor and the soil humidity sensor are fixed below the sensor bracket and are embedded into the soil;
the rotary rain curtain spray head is positioned at the upper part of the branch pipe, can rotate around the axis of the branch pipe under the action of water pressure, and can uniformly fall by entering and going far;
the water pressure sensor is positioned below the sprayer and used for monitoring the water pressure reaching the sprayer at present, converting a water pressure signal into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the fuzzy control system;
the main pipe is connected with the high-pressure water pump and the branch pipes and is used for conveying water pumped by the high-pressure water pump to each branch pipe; the high-pressure water pump is positioned at the bottom of the concrete reservoir and used for pumping water of the concrete reservoir to the rotary rain curtain sprayer.
4. A method for constructing the ecological slope construction system based on the sponge concept according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, site selection is carried out on the concrete reservoir; the position of the concrete reservoir is required to be lower, and meanwhile, the building of the concrete reservoir cannot cause great influence on the stability of the side slope;
s2, completing the design and construction of the concrete reservoir;
s3, carrying out slope backfilling; before backfilling, the sand and stone are embedded into a water collecting pipe in advance, a filter screen is arranged at the top of the water collecting pipe to prevent dregs from falling into the water collecting pipe, then a sand and stone reverse filtering layer is filled beside the water collecting pipe, and sand and stone adopted in the reverse filtering layer do not contain clay particles;
s4, building a retaining wall on a side slope at the upper part of the concrete reservoir; the retaining wall can be a gravity retaining wall, a cantilever retaining wall or a counterfort retaining wall, and can bear the soil pressure transmitted from the upper slope; the position of the retaining wall close to the lower part is provided with a hole, so that the water collecting pipe can conveniently penetrate through the hole.
S5, constructing a catchment channel on the slope surface of the side slope; the catchment channel is cast by concrete, the cross section of the catchment channel is rectangular, and the plane arrangement is distributed rhombic.
5. A method for collecting rainwater by using the ecological slope building system based on the sponge concept in claim 2, which is characterized in that: in rainy days, rainwater is collected through a water collecting channel arranged on the surface of a side slope, the rainwater is guided into a concrete reservoir through a water collecting pipe connected downwards, the water collecting pipe simultaneously guides water flow in the slope into the concrete reservoir, a filter screen is arranged at the top of the water collecting pipe, soil and sand particles in the flowing water are prevented from blocking the water collecting pipe, a water level sensor can detect the water level in the reservoir is arranged in the concrete reservoir, a signal is sent to a fuzzy control system, when the water level is higher than the critical water level of the concrete reservoir, the fuzzy control system sends a drainage instruction, the rainwater is discharged through a drain pipe, and when blockage occurs in the concrete reservoir and the water level sensor fails, the manhole top cover with a cover is opened for maintenance.
6. The method for automatically spraying by using the ecological slope building system based on the sponge concept in claim 3 is characterized in that: in sunny days, the temperature and the humidity in the air and the soil are detected through an air temperature sensor and an air humidity sensor which are arranged on a sensor bracket, and signals are sent to a fuzzy control system, the fuzzy control system judges the external conditions through the fuzzy principle, when the temperature and the humidity in the soil and the air are below set values, the fuzzy control system sends a spraying indication, a high-pressure water pump pumps rainwater in a concrete reservoir, the rainwater is conveyed to each branch pipe through a main pipe and then is sprayed by a rotary rain curtain nozzle at the top of each branch pipe to irrigate slope vegetation, a water pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of the rotary rain curtain nozzle, the water pressure in each branch pipe can be detected, signals are sent to the fuzzy control system, and when the water pressure is insufficient or abnormal, the fuzzy control system sends a fault indication, and closing the high-pressure water pump, and opening the top cover of the manhole with the cover to overhaul when the high-pressure water pump is abnormal or the main pipe is blocked.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210059205.1A CN114557262A (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Ecological slope construction system based on sponge idea |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN115045234A (en) * | 2022-07-30 | 2022-09-13 | 侯耀 | Slope protection for hydraulic engineering for avoiding rainwater accumulation |
| CN118345785A (en) * | 2024-06-17 | 2024-07-16 | 成都大学 | Drainage system for side slope in alpine region and construction method |
| CN118639671A (en) * | 2024-08-15 | 2024-09-13 | 安徽巨石地矿科技有限公司 | Ecological restoration device for high steep rock slope of mine |
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| CN118639671A (en) * | 2024-08-15 | 2024-09-13 | 安徽巨石地矿科技有限公司 | Ecological restoration device for high steep rock slope of mine |
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