CN114557162B - Ecological environment restoration treatment method - Google Patents
Ecological environment restoration treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114557162B CN114557162B CN202210125495.5A CN202210125495A CN114557162B CN 114557162 B CN114557162 B CN 114557162B CN 202210125495 A CN202210125495 A CN 202210125495A CN 114557162 B CN114557162 B CN 114557162B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
- A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
An ecological environment restoration treatment method comprises the following steps: arranging an irrigation well in the center of the pit, and arranging water reservoirs around the outside of the irrigation well; slope protection and trimming are carried out on the side slopes around the pit, the bottom of the pit is leveled, and the topography of the bottom of the pit is gradually reduced from the periphery to the center; the method comprises the steps that a gravel layer, a mortar layer, a water-proof layer and a soil layer are sequentially arranged at the bottom of a pit from bottom to top; erecting an irrigation water supply pipeline system above the soil layer; according to the invention, ecological restoration is carried out on the pit of the mining area, so that the slope of the pit is planted with grass to prevent landslide, the bottom of the pit is flattened and provided with a water-resisting layer, a soil layer suitable for planting grain crops is paved, and an irrigation water supply pipeline system is arranged above the soil layer, so that automatic spray irrigation, pesticide spraying and fertilizer application are realized, mechanical cultivation operation can be realized, drought and waterlogging are ensured, the stability of an ecological system of the mining area is improved, and the cultivated area is increased for China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment restoration and treatment, and particularly relates to a method for restoring and treating the ecological environment of a pit formed after mining in the open pit of a mining area.
Background
In recent years, with the importance of the national protection of the environment and the assurance of 18 hundred million mu of farmland red lines, mining is performed on all regions of the country, and meanwhile, the mining pit generated after mining is repaired and treated, so that the mining pit is restored to the farmland. At present, the method for repairing and treating the pit is generally to directly backfill soil suitable for planting crops into the pit, and the crops are planted after the soil is flattened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides an ecological environment restoration treatment method for reforming a pit into a planting land and realizing drought and waterlogging conservation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an ecological environment restoration treatment method comprises the following steps:
(1) Arranging an irrigation well in the center of the pit, and arranging water reservoirs around the outside of the irrigation well;
(2) Slope protection trimming is carried out on the side slopes around the pit;
(3) Leveling the bottom of the pit, so that the topography of the bottom of the pit gradually decreases from the periphery to the center;
(4) The bottom of the pit is sequentially provided with a gravel layer, a mortar layer, a water-resisting layer and a soil layer from bottom to top, water inlets communicated with the lower part of the soil layer are formed in the periphery of the wall of the reservoir, and a stainless steel filter screen is arranged outside the water inlets;
(5) Erecting an irrigation water supply pipeline system above the soil layer, wherein a water inlet of a main water supply pipe of the irrigation water supply pipeline system is connected with an irrigation submersible pump arranged in a reservoir;
(6) Spraying liquid fertilizer to the soil layer through an irrigation water supply pipeline system, sowing grain crops on the soil layer, and spraying pesticide to the grain crops through the irrigation water supply pipeline system when the grain crops have diseases and insect pests;
(7) When more rain falls, rainwater permeated into the soil layer is collected from the periphery to the center along the water-resisting layer, and finally flows into the reservoir through the water inlet holes on the reservoir wall;
(8) In arid seasons, water is sprayed to irrigate grain crops on the soil layer through an irrigation water supply pipeline system.
An irrigation control room is arranged above the reservoir, a liquid fertilizer spraying pump, a pesticide spraying pump, a liquid fertilizer mixing barrel and a pesticide mixing barrel are arranged in the irrigation control room, a main water supply valve is arranged on the main water supply pipe, an inlet of the liquid fertilizer spraying pump is connected with the liquid fertilizer mixing barrel, an outlet of the liquid fertilizer spraying pump is connected with the main water supply pipe through a fertilizer valve, an inlet of the pesticide spraying pump is connected with the pesticide mixing barrel, an outlet of the pesticide spraying pump is connected with the main water supply pipe through a pesticide valve, and the fertilizer valve and the pesticide valve are both positioned at the outlet side of the main water supply valve;
The upper part of the irrigation well is provided with an overflow hole communicated with the upper part of the reservoir, and the position of the overflow hole is higher than the water inlet hole and lower than the upper surface of the soil layer.
The concrete process for trimming the side slopes around the pit in the step (2) is as follows: firstly spreading a layer of broken stone to level the slope, spraying slurry on the broken stone of the slope, pouring the slurry into gaps of the broken stone, then spreading a clay layer with the thickness of at least 20cm on the surface of the slurry, then beating a plurality of anchor rods perpendicular to the slope, slightly protruding the outer end of the anchor rods to the outer surface of the clay layer, spreading a stainless steel wire mesh on the outer surface of the clay layer, fixedly connecting the steel wire mesh with the outer end of the anchor rods, and finally broadcasting slope protection grass seeds on the outer surface of the clay layer.
The irrigation water supply pipeline system comprises a plurality of branch water supply pipes which are all arranged along the left-right direction, a plurality of supporting rods are vertically arranged at the bottom of each branch water supply pipe, the middle parts of all branch water supply pipes are mutually communicated through a water guide pipe which is arranged along the front-back direction, and the bottoms of the water guide pipes are connected with the upper end of the main water supply pipe;
the left port and the right port of each branch water supply pipe are plugged, a plurality of reciprocating rotary spraying devices are arranged outside each branch water supply pipe, and the reciprocating rotary spraying devices on two adjacent branch water supply pipes are arranged in a staggered mode along the left-right direction at intervals.
The water supporting pipe is provided with a rain cover for covering the reciprocating rotary spray device, and the reciprocating rotary spray device comprises a forward and reverse rotating motor, a sealing rotary sleeve assembly and a spray assembly;
the sealing rotary sleeve assembly comprises a sealing sleeve rotationally connected to the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe, an arc-shaped hole communicated with the central water through hole is formed in the pipe wall of the branch water supply pipe along the circumferential direction, an inner threaded hole communicated with the arc-shaped hole is formed in the middle position of the bottom of the sealing sleeve along the radial direction, the left port of the sealing sleeve, the inner circle of the right port and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe are rotationally connected through a left bearing and a right bearing respectively, the left sealing end cover assembly is arranged on the left side of the left bearing of the sealing sleeve, the right sealing end cover assembly is arranged on the right side of the right bearing of the sealing sleeve, a first high-pressure oil sealing assembly positioned on the right side of the left bearing and the left side of the arc-shaped hole is arranged between the inner circle of the sealing sleeve and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe, and a second high-pressure oil sealing assembly positioned on the left side of the right bearing and the right side of the arc-shaped hole is arranged between the inner circle of the sealing sleeve and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe;
the base of the forward and reverse rotation motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the branch water supply pipe and positioned at the left side of the sealing rotary sleeve assembly, the middle upper part of the excircle of the sealing sleeve is provided with an outer gear ring, the main shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor is coaxially provided with a gear, and the lower part of the gear is meshed with the outer gear ring;
The spray assembly comprises a connecting pipe, a spray pipe and at least two spray heads, wherein the spray pipe is positioned below the branch water supply pipe and parallel to the branch water supply pipe, the upper end of the connecting pipe stretches into an internal threaded hole of the sealing sleeve in a threaded connection manner, the lower end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the middle position of the top of the spray pipe, the left end and the right end of the spray pipe are blocked, and the spray heads are uniformly connected to the spray pipe at intervals.
The outer circle of the branch water supply pipe is provided with an annular positioning step which is in compression joint with the left end annular surface of the inner ring of the left bearing on the left side of the left bearing, the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe is provided with a pressing sleeve which is used for pressing the right annular end surface of the inner ring of the right bearing on the right side of the right bearing, and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe at the right end of the pressing sleeve is in threaded connection with a locking nut;
the left sealing end cover component and the right sealing end cover component have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged left and right; the left sealing end cover assembly comprises an end cover and a dustproof sealing ring, the end cover is fixedly connected with the sealing sleeve through a plurality of screws uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing sleeve, an annular groove is formed in the inner circle of the end cover, and the dustproof sealing ring is sleeved on the branch water supply pipe and is located in the annular groove.
The first high-pressure oil seal assembly and the second high-pressure oil seal assembly are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged left and right;
the second high-pressure oil seal assembly comprises an annular step groove arranged in the inner circle of the seal sleeve, a left lip seal ring, a positioning sleeve ring, a right lip seal ring and a compression ring are sequentially arranged in the annular step groove from left to right on the outer circle of the water supply pipe, the right end of the compression ring is in compression joint with the left end of the outer circle of the right bearing, the lip of the left lip seal ring faces right, the lip of the right lip seal ring faces left, an oil filling hole corresponding to the outer circle of the positioning sleeve ring is formed in the seal sleeve along the radial direction, high-pressure oil is injected into the positioning sleeve ring through the oil filling hole to enable the lip of the right end of the left lip seal ring to open, the lip of the left end of the right lip seal ring opens to seal the inner circle of the seal sleeve with the outer circle of the water supply pipe, and the pressure regulating seal assembly is connected with the inner thread of the oil filling hole.
The inner circle of the positioning lantern ring is in clearance fit with the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe, the outer circle of the positioning lantern ring is provided with an outer annular groove along the circumferential direction, the inner circle of the positioning lantern ring is provided with an inner annular groove along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of through holes which are communicated with the outer annular groove and the inner annular groove are uniformly formed in the positioning lantern ring along the circumferential direction;
the pressure regulating type sealing assembly comprises a fastening bolt, a pressure regulating bolt and a sealing gasket, wherein the oil filling hole is a T-shaped hole with the outer thickness and the inner thickness, the sealing gasket is arranged on the bottom surface of a step of the T-shaped hole, the fastening bolt is in threaded connection with the outer thick section of the T-shaped hole, the inner end face of the fastening bolt is propped against the sealing gasket, the center of the fastening bolt is provided with a pressure regulating threaded hole, the inner diameters of the pressure regulating threaded hole and the thinner section of the T-shaped hole are equal, the center line of the pressure regulating threaded hole coincides, the pressure regulating bolt is in threaded connection with the pressure regulating threaded hole, and threads of the pressure regulating bolt and the pressure regulating threaded hole are sealing pipe threads.
The specific process of spraying liquid fertilizer to the soil layer through the irrigation water supply pipeline system in the step (6) is as follows: closing a main water supply valve and a pesticide valve, opening a fertilizing valve, starting a liquid fertilizer spraying pump and all forward and reverse rotating motors, conveying liquid fertilizer in a liquid fertilizer mixing barrel to all branch water supply pipes through the main water supply pipe and a water guide pipe, enabling the liquid fertilizer to enter an arc-shaped hole, a connecting pipe and a spraying pipe through a central water through hole of the branch water supply pipe, and finally spraying through a spray nozzle, wherein the forward and reverse rotating motors drive a gear to rotate when the spray nozzle sprays the liquid fertilizer to grain crops downwards, and the gear drives a sealing sleeve to reciprocate around the branch water supply pipe through an outer gear, the sealing sleeve drives the connecting pipe, the spraying pipe and the spray nozzle to reciprocate, the spray nozzle can expand the spraying area, and meanwhile, the liquid fertilizer sprayed by all the spray nozzles can cover the whole soil layer when in reciprocating rotation;
The specific process of spraying the pesticide to the grain crops through the irrigation water supply pipeline system in the step (6) is as follows: closing a main water supply valve and a fertilizing valve, opening a pesticide valve, starting a liquid fertilizer spraying pump and all forward and reverse rotating motors, conveying liquid pesticides in a pesticide mixing barrel to all branch water supply pipes through the main water supply pipe and a water guide pipe, enabling the liquid pesticides to enter an arc-shaped hole, a connecting pipe and a spraying pipe through a central water through hole of the branch water supply pipe, and finally spraying the liquid pesticides through a spray nozzle, wherein the forward and reverse rotating motors drive a gear to rotate when the spray nozzle sprays the liquid pesticides to grain crops downwards, the gear drives a sealing sleeve to reciprocate around the branch water supply pipe through external teeth, the sealing sleeve drives the connecting pipe, the spraying pipe and the spray nozzle to reciprocate, the spray nozzle can rotate to enlarge the spraying area, and meanwhile all the spray nozzles spray the liquid pesticides to fully cover the soil layer during reciprocating rotation.
The concrete process of water spraying irrigation of the grain crops on the soil layer through the irrigation water supply pipeline system comprises the following steps: closing the fertilization valve and the pesticide valve, opening the main water supply valve, starting the irrigation submersible pump and all the forward and reverse rotating motors, conveying high-pressure water to all branch water supply pipes by the irrigation submersible pump through the main water supply pipe and the water guide pipe, enabling the high-pressure water to enter into arc holes, connecting pipes and spraying pipes through central water through holes of the branch water supply pipes, and finally spraying through spray heads, when the spray heads spray water to grain crops below, driving gears to rotate by the forward and reverse rotating motors, driving sealing sleeves to reciprocate around the branch water supply pipes through outer tooth rings, driving the connecting pipes, the spraying pipes and the spray heads to reciprocate, and expanding spraying area by rotation of the spray heads, and meanwhile, enabling all the sprayed water to fully cover soil layers by the sprayed water when the spray heads reciprocate.
According to the technical scheme, a well (irrigation well) is drilled at the center of a pit, meanwhile, a reservoir is arranged outside the irrigation well, the side wall and the bottom of the reservoir are waterproof, then, the side slope and the bottom around the pit are trimmed, slope protection treatment is carried out on the side slope, then, a clay layer is paved on the side slope, an anchor rod is drilled, a steel wire net is arranged to prevent the clay layer from being washed by rainwater before slope protection grass grows, the area of the bottom of the pit is large, a gravel layer, a mortar layer, a water-resisting layer and a soil layer are sequentially paved in repairing mode, the gravel layer is used for filling larger gaps in large stone blocks, and filling mortar is used for further filling smaller gaps between the gravel layer and the large stone blocks below the gravel layer, so that the compactness and flatness of the bottom of the pit are improved; spreading a water-resisting layer after the mortar layer is solidified, spreading a soil layer on the water-resisting layer, wherein the thickness of the soil layer is more than 50cm, and finally arranging an irrigation water supply pipeline system above the soil layer. Each branch water supply pipe of the irrigation water supply pipeline system is arranged along the left-right direction, and the distance between two adjacent branch water supply pipes can pass through agricultural machinery such as plow harrow equipment, a seeder, a harvester and the like to realize agricultural mechanized operation.
When raining is more, the water in the side slope and the soil layer is gathered from high to low along the water-resisting layer and flows to the reservoir, and the reservoir stores the redundant water so as to avoid flooding crops.
When fertilization, pesticide spraying and sprinkling irrigation are carried out, liquid is sent out, pesticide and water are supplied through the irrigation water supply pipeline system, the forward and backward motor drives the sealing sleeve to reciprocate back and forth, the sealing sleeve drives the spraying assembly to reciprocate synchronously, and a spray head on the spraying assembly sprays liquid fertilizer, pesticide or water towards the soil layer below. The sprinkling irrigation mode is adopted, so that sprinkling is more uniform, liquid fertilizer is saved, and sprinkling amount is controllable.
In dry seasons, the water in the reservoir is less, and the water in the irrigation well can be pumped into the reservoir. When the water yield of the impounding reservoir is large in rainy season, water in the impounding reservoir can flow into the irrigation well through the overflow holes, so that a large amount of water is prevented from overflowing the impounding reservoir to submerge the irrigation control house.
The end cover of the reciprocating rotary spray device is connected with the end surface of the sealing sleeve by using screws, and a dustproof sealing ring is arranged in an annular mounting groove in the inner circle of the end cover, so that external dust is prevented from entering the bearing, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged; the annular step groove of the sealing sleeve is internally provided with a left lip-shaped sealing ring and a right lip-shaped sealing ring, lips of the left lip-shaped sealing ring and lips of the right lip-shaped sealing ring are oppositely arranged, the positioning sleeve ring is arranged between the left lip-shaped sealing ring and the right lip-shaped sealing ring, the principle that high-pressure oil seals high-pressure water is adopted, a certain pressure difference is formed between the oil pressure of the high-pressure oil on one side of the left lip-shaped sealing ring and the right lip-shaped sealing ring and the water pressure of the high-pressure water on the other side of the left lip-shaped sealing ring and the right lip-shaped sealing ring, the pressure on one side of the high-pressure oil is always higher than the pressure on one side of the high-pressure water, the high-pressure water leakage is prevented, meanwhile, the stress on two sides of the left lip-shaped sealing ring and the right lip-shaped sealing ring are basically balanced, and the service life of the left lip-shaped sealing ring and the right lip-shaped sealing ring is prolonged. The positioning sleeve ring is provided with a plurality of through holes along the circumferential direction, so that high-pressure oil can conveniently enter the inner annular groove from the outer annular groove, meanwhile, the left end and the right end of the positioning sleeve ring can play a supporting role on the lip-shaped sealing rings, a high-pressure sealing oil cavity can be formed between the two lip-shaped sealing rings, the compression ring is used for limiting the bearing and the right lip-shaped sealing rings, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are in interference fit with the branch water supply pipe and the sealing sleeve respectively.
In order to locate the sealing sleeve, an annular limiting step is arranged on the left side of the branch water supply pipe, an external thread is arranged on the right side of the branch water supply pipe, so that the lock nut is in threaded connection with the branch water supply pipe, and meanwhile, the lock nut compresses a pressing sleeve arranged outside a bearing on the right side, so that the right bearing is located, and the left bearing is pressed to the annular limiting step to be located leftwards through the whole sealing sleeve.
The left lip-shaped sealing ring and the right lip-shaped sealing ring are oppositely arranged, when the high-pressure oil cavity is filled with high-pressure oil, the lip-shaped sealing ring is tightly matched with the inner hole of the sealing sleeve due to the elastic action of the lips, so that the sealing of high-pressure oil can be completed, and the high-pressure oil can be used for sealing the high-pressure water.
The sealing sleeve is in clearance fit with the branch water supply pipe, smooth rotation of the sealing sleeve is guaranteed, but high-pressure water can enter a gap between the inner circle of the sealing sleeve and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe, so that the pressure of high-pressure oil in the high-pressure sealing oil cavity is always higher than that of the high-pressure water in the branch water supply pipe, a certain pressure difference is formed, and the high-pressure water is prevented from leaking through the high-pressure liquid.
The sealing rotary sleeve component establishes sealing between the sealing sleeve and the branch water supply pipe, and realizes the rotary sealing function of high-pressure water. The principle that high-pressure oil seals high-pressure water is adopted, a certain pressure difference is formed on the high-pressure oil side and the high-pressure water side of the lip-shaped sealing ring, the pressure intensity on the high-pressure oil side is always higher than that on the high-pressure water side, high-pressure water leakage is prevented, meanwhile, the stress on the two sides of the lip-shaped sealing ring is basically balanced, the lip-shaped sealing ring is supported, and the service life of the sealing ring is prolonged. The sealing rotary sleeve assembly adopted by the invention has the advantages of good sealing performance, high rotary precision, long service life and the like.
The branch water supply pipe arranged along the left-right direction can be formed by connecting a plurality of branch water supply pipes in series through pipe joints, so that the branch water supply pipe is convenient to detach and install, and the sealing rotary sleeve assembly is maintained.
When overhauling sealed rotatory sleeve subassembly, at first need detect the high pressure oil between left lip seal circle and the right lip seal circle, the oil pressure of high pressure oil can reduce when general problem, only need use the spanner to block the pressure regulating bolt this moment, makes the pressure regulating bolt inwards remove along the pressure regulating screw hole at fastening bolt center, reduces the storage space of high pressure oil, just so can conveniently carry out the pressure regulating to high pressure oil to ensure sealed reliability.
In summary, the ecological restoration is carried out on the pit of the mining area, so that the side slope of the pit is planted with grass to prevent landslide, the bottom of the pit is flattened and provided with the water-resisting layer, the soil layer suitable for planting grain crops is paved, the irrigation water supply pipeline system is arranged above the soil layer, automatic spray irrigation, pesticide spraying and fertilization are realized, mechanical cultivation operation can be realized, drought and waterlogging are ensured, the ecological system stability of the mining area is improved, and the cultivated area is increased for the country.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the irrigation water piping system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of one of the water supply tubes and struts of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the layered structure of the irrigation wells, irrigation control houses and pit bottoms of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the sealed rotatable sleeve assembly and the branched water supply pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the branched water supply pipe and the sealing sleeve at the arcuate aperture;
FIG. 7 is an axial cross-sectional view of the positioning collar of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 5;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 5;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the connection of the irrigation submersible pump, liquid fertilizer spray pump, pesticide spray pump and main water supply pipe of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the ecological environment restoration and treatment method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) An irrigation well 2 is arranged in the center of the pit 1, and a reservoir 3 is arranged around the outside of the irrigation well 2;
(2) Slope protection trimming is carried out on the side slopes 4 around the pit 1,
(3) Leveling the bottom of the pit 1 to gradually lower the topography of the bottom surface of the pit 1 from the periphery to the center;
(4) The bottom of the pit 1 is sequentially provided with a gravel layer 5, a mortar layer 6, a water-resisting layer 7 and a soil layer 8 from bottom to top, water inlets 9 communicated with the lower part of the soil layer 8 are formed in the periphery of the wall of the reservoir 3, and a stainless steel filter screen is arranged outside the water inlets 9;
(5) An irrigation water supply pipeline system is erected above the soil layer 8, and the water inlet of a main water supply pipe 10 of the irrigation water supply pipeline system is connected with an irrigation submersible pump 11 arranged in the reservoir 3;
(6) Spraying liquid fertilizer to the soil layer 8 through an irrigation water supply pipeline system, sowing grain crops on the soil layer 8, and spraying pesticide to the grain crops through the irrigation water supply pipeline system when the grain crops have diseases and insect pests;
(7) When more rain falls, rainwater permeated into the soil layer 8 gathers from the periphery to the center along the water-resisting layer 7, and finally flows into the reservoir 3 through the water inlet 9 on the wall of the reservoir 3;
(8) In arid seasons, the grain crops in the soil layer 8 are irrigated by spraying water through the irrigation water supply pipeline system.
An irrigation control room 12 is arranged above the reservoir 3, a liquid fertilizer spraying pump 13, a pesticide spraying pump 14, a liquid fertilizer mixing barrel 15 and a pesticide mixing barrel 16 are arranged in the irrigation control room 12, a main water supply valve 17 is arranged on the main water supply pipe 10, an inlet of the liquid fertilizer spraying pump 13 is connected with the liquid fertilizer mixing barrel 15, an outlet of the liquid fertilizer spraying pump 13 is connected with the main water supply pipe 10 through a fertilizer valve 18, an inlet of the pesticide spraying pump 14 is connected with the pesticide mixing barrel 16, an outlet of the pesticide spraying pump 14 is connected with the main water supply pipe 10 through a pesticide valve 19, and the fertilizer valve 18 and the pesticide valve 19 are both positioned on the outlet side of the main water supply valve 17;
The upper part of the irrigation well 2 is provided with an overflow hole 20 communicated with the upper part of the reservoir 3, and the overflow hole 20 is positioned higher than the water inlet hole 9 and lower than the upper surface of the soil layer 8.
In the step (2), the concrete process of trimming the side slopes 4 around the pit 1 is as follows: firstly spreading a layer of broken stone to level the slope 4, spraying slurry on the broken stone of the slope 4, pouring the slurry into gaps of the broken stone, then spreading a clay layer with the thickness of at least 20cm on the surface of the slurry, then beating a plurality of anchor rods perpendicular to the slope 4, slightly protruding the outer end of the anchor rods on the outer surface of the clay layer, spreading a stainless steel wire mesh on the outer surface of the clay layer, fixedly connecting the steel wire mesh with the outer end of the anchor rods, and finally broadcasting slope protection grass seeds on the outer surface of the clay layer.
The irrigation water supply pipeline system comprises a plurality of branch water supply pipes 21 which are all arranged along the left-right direction, a plurality of supporting rods 22 are vertically arranged at the bottom of each branch water supply pipe 21, the middle parts of all branch water supply pipes 21 are communicated with each other through a water guide pipe 23 which is arranged along the front-back direction, and the bottom of the water guide pipe 23 is connected with the upper end of the main water supply pipe 10;
the left port and the right port of each branch water supply pipe 21 are plugged, a plurality of reciprocating rotary spraying devices 24 are arranged outside each branch water supply pipe 21, and the reciprocating rotary spraying devices 24 on two adjacent branch water supply pipes 21 are staggered at intervals along the left-right direction.
The water supporting pipe 21 is provided with a rain cover 25 for covering the reciprocating rotary spray device 24, and the reciprocating rotary spray device 24 comprises a forward and reverse rotating motor 26, a sealing rotary sleeve assembly and a spray assembly;
the sealing rotary sleeve assembly comprises a sealing sleeve 27 rotationally connected to the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21, an arc-shaped hole 29 communicated with the central water through hole 28 is formed in the pipe wall of the branch water supply pipe 21 along the circumferential direction, an internal threaded hole 30 communicated with the arc-shaped hole 29 is formed in the middle position of the bottom of the sealing sleeve 27 along the radial direction, the left port of the sealing sleeve 27, the inner circle of the right port and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21 are respectively rotationally connected through a left bearing 31 and a right bearing 32, the left side of the left bearing 31 of the sealing sleeve 27 is provided with a left sealing end cover assembly, the right side of the right bearing 32 of the sealing sleeve 27 is provided with a right sealing end cover assembly, a first high-pressure oil sealing assembly positioned on the right side of the left bearing 31 and the left side of the arc-shaped hole 29 is arranged between the inner circle of the sealing sleeve 27 and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21, and a second high-pressure oil sealing assembly positioned on the left side of the right bearing 32 and the right side of the arc-shaped hole 29 is arranged between the inner circle of the sealing sleeve 27 and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21;
the base of the forward and reverse rotation motor 26 is fixedly arranged at the top of the branch water supply pipe 21 and is positioned at the left side of the sealing rotary sleeve assembly, an outer gear ring 33 is arranged at the middle upper part of the outer circle of the sealing sleeve 27, a gear 34 is coaxially arranged on the main shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor 26, and the lower part of the gear 34 is meshed with the outer gear ring 33;
The spray assembly comprises a connecting pipe 35, a spray pipe 37 and at least two spray heads 36, wherein the spray pipe 37 is positioned below the branch water supply pipe 21 and parallel to the branch water supply pipe 21, the upper end of the connecting pipe 35 extends into and is in threaded connection with the inner threaded hole 30 of the sealing sleeve 27, the lower end of the connecting pipe 35 is fixedly connected with the middle position of the top of the spray pipe 37, the left end and the right end of the spray pipe 37 are blocked, and the spray heads 36 are uniformly connected to the spray pipe 37 at intervals.
The outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21 is provided with an annular positioning step 38 which is in compression joint with the left end annular surface of the inner ring of the left bearing 31 on the left side of the left bearing 31, the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21 is provided with a pressing sleeve 39 which is used for pressing the right annular end surface of the inner ring of the right bearing 32 on the right side of the right bearing 32, and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21 at the right end of the pressing sleeve 39 is in threaded connection with a locking nut 40;
the left sealing end cover component and the right sealing end cover component have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged left and right; the left sealing end cover assembly comprises an end cover 41 and a dustproof sealing ring 42, the end cover 41 is fixedly connected with the sealing sleeve 27 through a plurality of screws 43 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing sleeve 27, an annular groove 44 is formed in the inner circle of the end cover 41, and the dustproof sealing ring 42 is sleeved on the branch water supply pipe 21 and is located in the annular groove 44.
The first high-pressure oil seal assembly and the second high-pressure oil seal assembly are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged left and right;
The second high-pressure oil seal assembly comprises an annular step groove arranged in the inner circle of the seal sleeve 27, a left lip seal ring 45, a positioning collar 46, a right lip seal ring 47 and a compression ring 48 are sequentially arranged on the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21 in the annular step groove from left to right, the right end of the compression ring 48 is in compression joint with the left end of the outer circle of the right bearing 32, the lip of the left lip seal ring 45 faces right, the lip of the right lip seal ring 47 faces left, an oil filling hole 49 corresponding to the outer circle of the positioning collar 46 is formed in the seal sleeve 27 along the radial direction, high-pressure oil is filled into the positioning collar 46 through the oil filling hole 49 to enable the lip of the right end of the left lip seal ring 45 to open, the lip of the left end of the right lip seal ring 47 is opened to seal the inner circle of the seal sleeve 27 with the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21, and the inner thread of the oil filling hole 49 is connected with the pressure regulating seal assembly.
The inner circle of the positioning collar 46 is in clearance fit with the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21, an outer annular groove is formed in the outer circle of the positioning collar 46 along the circumferential direction, an inner annular groove is formed in the inner circle of the positioning collar 46 along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of through holes 50 which are communicated with the outer annular groove and the inner annular groove are uniformly formed in the positioning collar 46 along the circumferential direction;
the pressure regulating seal assembly comprises a fastening bolt 51, a pressure regulating bolt 52 and a sealing gasket 53, wherein the oil filling hole 49 is a T-shaped hole with the outer thickness and the inner thickness, the sealing gasket 53 is arranged on the bottom surface of a step of the T-shaped hole, the fastening bolt 51 is in threaded connection with the thicker section of the outer side of the T-shaped hole, the inner end surface of the fastening bolt 51 is propped against the sealing gasket 53, the center of the fastening bolt 51 is provided with a pressure regulating threaded hole, the inner diameters of the pressure regulating threaded hole and the thinner section of the T-shaped hole are equal, the center line of the pressure regulating threaded hole is coincident, the pressure regulating bolt 52 is in threaded connection with the pressure regulating threaded hole, and the threads of the pressure regulating bolt 52 and the pressure regulating threaded hole are sealing pipe threads.
In the step (6), the specific process of spraying the liquid fertilizer to the soil layer 8 through the irrigation water supply pipeline system is as follows: closing the main water supply valve 17 and the pesticide valve 19, opening the fertilizing valve 18, starting the liquid fertilizer spraying pump and all the forward and backward rotating motors 26, conveying the liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer mixing barrel 15 to all the branch water supply pipes 21 through the main water supply pipe 10 and the water guide pipe 23, enabling the liquid fertilizer to enter the arc-shaped holes 29, the connecting pipes 35 and the spraying pipes 37 through the central water through holes 28 of the branch water supply pipes 21, finally spraying the liquid fertilizer through the spray heads 36, driving the gears 34 to rotate by the forward and backward rotating motors 26 while spraying the liquid fertilizer to the grain crops below through the spray heads 36, driving the sealing sleeve 27 to reciprocate around the branch water supply pipes 21 through the outer gear ring 33, driving the connecting pipes 35, the spraying pipes 37 and the spray heads 36 to reciprocate by the sealing sleeve 27, and expanding the spraying area by the rotation of the spray heads 36, and simultaneously covering the whole soil layer 8 with the liquid fertilizer sprayed by the spray heads 36 during the reciprocation;
the specific process of spraying the pesticide to the grain crops through the irrigation water supply pipeline system in the step (6) is as follows: closing the main water supply valve 17 and the fertilization valve 18, opening the pesticide valve 19, starting the pesticide spraying pump and all the forward and reverse rotating motors 26, conveying the liquid pesticide in the pesticide mixing barrel 16 to all the branch water supply pipes 21 through the main water supply pipe 10 and the water guide pipe 23, enabling the liquid pesticide to enter the arc-shaped holes 29, the connecting pipes 35 and the spraying pipes 37 through the central water through holes 28 of the branch water supply pipes 21, finally spraying the liquid pesticide through the spraying heads 36, driving the gear 34 to rotate by the forward and reverse rotating motors 26 while the spraying heads 36 spray the liquid pesticide to the grain crops downwards, driving the sealing sleeve 27 to reciprocate around the branch water supply pipes 21 through the outer gear ring 33, driving the connecting pipes 35, the spraying pipes 37 and the spraying heads 36 to reciprocate by the sealing sleeve 27, and expanding the spraying area by the rotation of the spraying heads 36, and simultaneously enabling the liquid pesticide sprayed by all the spraying heads 36 to fully cover the soil layer 8 during reciprocation.
The concrete process of water spraying irrigation of the grain crops on the soil layer 8 through the irrigation water supply pipeline system in the step (8) is as follows: closing the fertilization valve 18 and the pesticide valve 19, opening the main water supply valve 17, starting the irrigation submersible pump 11 and all the forward and reverse rotating motors 26, enabling the irrigation submersible pump 11 to convey high-pressure water to all the branch water supply pipes 21 through the main water supply pipe 10 and the water guide pipe 23, enabling the high-pressure water to enter the arc-shaped holes 29, the connecting pipes 35 and the spraying pipes 37 through the central water through the branch water supply pipes 21, finally spraying the water through the spraying heads 36, enabling the forward and reverse rotating motors 26 to drive the gears 34 to rotate when the spraying heads 36 spray water to grain crops below, enabling the gears 34 to drive the sealing sleeve 27 to reciprocate back and forth around the branch water supply pipes 21 through the outer gear ring 33, enabling the connecting pipes 35, the spraying pipes 37 and the spraying heads 36 to reciprocate through the sealing sleeve 27, enabling the spraying areas to be enlarged through the rotation of the spraying heads 36, and enabling all the water sprayed out during reciprocating rotation of the spraying heads 36 to cover the soil layer 8.
According to the invention, a well (an irrigation well 2) is firstly drilled at the center of a pit 1, meanwhile, a reservoir 3 is arranged outside the irrigation well 2, the side wall and the bottom of the reservoir 3 are both waterproof, then, the side slope 4 and the bottom around the pit 1 are trimmed, slope protection treatment is firstly carried out on the side slope 4, then, a clay layer is paved on the side slope 4, an anchor rod is drilled, a steel wire net is arranged to prevent the clay layer from being washed by rain before the grass grows up, the area of the bottom of the pit 1 is large, a gravel layer 5, a mortar layer 6, a water-resisting layer 7 and a soil layer 8 are sequentially paved after repairing, the gravel layer 5 is used for filling larger gaps in a large stone block, and filling mortar is further used for filling smaller gaps between the gravel layer 5 and the large stone block below, so that the compactness and flatness of the bottom of the pit 1 are improved; after the mortar layer 6 is solidified, paving a water-resisting layer 7, then paving a soil layer 8 on the water-resisting layer 7, wherein the thickness of the soil layer 8 is more than 50cm, and finally setting an irrigation water supply pipeline system above the soil layer 8. Each branch water supply pipe 21 of the irrigation water supply pipeline system is arranged along the left-right direction, and the distance between two adjacent branch water supply pipes 21 can be used for realizing agricultural mechanized operation through agricultural machinery such as plow harrow equipment, a seeder, a harvester and the like.
When raining is more, the water in the side slope 4 and the soil layer 8 is gathered from high to low along the water-resisting layer 7 and flows to the reservoir 3, and the reservoir 3 stores the redundant water so as to avoid flooding crops.
When fertilization, pesticide spraying and sprinkling irrigation are carried out, liquid, pesticide and water are supplied through an irrigation water supply pipeline system, the forward and reverse rotating motor 26 drives the sealing sleeve 27 to reciprocate back and forth, the sealing sleeve 27 drives the sprinkling assembly to synchronously reciprocate, and the spray heads 36 on the sprinkling assembly spray liquid fertilizer, pesticide or water towards the soil layer 8 below. The sprinkling irrigation mode is adopted, so that sprinkling is more uniform, liquid fertilizer is saved, and sprinkling amount is controllable.
During dry seasons, less water is in the reservoir 3 and water in the irrigation well 2 can be pumped into the reservoir 3. In rainy season, when the water amount collected into the reservoir 3 is large, the water in the reservoir 3 can flow into the irrigation well 2 through the overflow holes 20, so that a large amount of water is prevented from overflowing the reservoir 3 to submerge the irrigation control house 12.
The end cover 41 of the reciprocating rotary spray device 24 is connected with the end surface of the sealing sleeve 27 by using a screw 43, and a dustproof sealing ring 42 is arranged in an annular mounting groove in the inner circle of the end cover 41, so that external dust is prevented from entering the bearing, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged; the annular step groove of the sealing sleeve 27 is internally provided with a left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and a right lip-shaped sealing ring 47, lips of the left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and lips of the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47 are oppositely arranged, a positioning collar 46 is arranged between the left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47, a principle that high-pressure oil is used for sealing high-pressure water is adopted, a certain pressure difference is formed between one side of the left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47 and the other side of the left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47 through the pressure of the high-pressure oil and the water pressure of the high-pressure water, the pressure on one side of the high-pressure oil is always higher than the pressure on one side of the high-pressure water, the high-pressure water is prevented from leaking, meanwhile, the stress on two sides of the left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47 is basically balanced, the supporting function is achieved on the left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47, and the service life of the left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47 is prolonged. The positioning collar 46 is provided with a plurality of through holes 50 along the circumferential direction, so that high-pressure oil can conveniently enter the inner annular groove from the outer annular groove, meanwhile, the left end and the right end of the positioning collar 46 can support the lip-shaped sealing rings, a high-pressure sealing oil cavity can be formed between the two lip-shaped sealing rings, the compression ring 48 is used for limiting the bearing and the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are respectively in interference fit with the branch water supply pipe 21 and the sealing sleeve 27.
In order to position the sealing sleeve 27, an annular limiting step is arranged on the left side of the branched water supply pipe 21, an external thread is arranged on the right side, so that the locking nut 40 is in threaded connection with the branched water supply pipe 21, meanwhile, the locking nut 40 tightly presses a pressing sleeve 39 arranged outside a bearing on the right side, the right bearing 32 is positioned, and the left bearing 31 is pressed to the annular limiting step to be positioned leftwards through the whole sealing sleeve 27.
The lips of the left lip-shaped sealing ring 45 and the right lip-shaped sealing ring 47 are arranged oppositely, after the high-pressure oil cavity is filled with high-pressure oil, the lip-shaped sealing ring is tightly matched with the inner hole of the sealing sleeve 27 due to the elastic action of the lips, so that the high-pressure oil can be sealed, and the high-pressure oil can be sealed.
The sealing sleeve 27 and the branch water supply pipe 21 are in clearance fit, smooth rotation of the sealing sleeve 27 is ensured, but high-pressure water can enter a clearance between the inner circle of the sealing sleeve 27 and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe 21, so that the pressure of high-pressure oil in the high-pressure sealing oil cavity is always higher than that of the high-pressure water in the branch water supply pipe 21, a certain pressure difference is formed, and the high-pressure water is prevented from leaking through high-pressure liquid.
The seal rotary sleeve assembly establishes a seal between the seal sleeve 27 and the branch water supply pipe 21 to achieve a rotary seal of high pressure water. The principle that high-pressure oil seals high-pressure water is adopted, a certain pressure difference is formed on the high-pressure oil side and the high-pressure water side of the lip-shaped sealing ring, the pressure intensity on the high-pressure oil side is always higher than that on the high-pressure water side, high-pressure water leakage is prevented, meanwhile, the stress on the two sides of the lip-shaped sealing ring is basically balanced, the lip-shaped sealing ring is supported, and the service life of the sealing ring is prolonged. The sealing rotary sleeve assembly adopted by the invention has the advantages of good sealing performance, high rotary precision, long service life and the like.
The branch water supply pipe 21 arranged along the left-right direction can be formed by connecting a plurality of branch water supply pipes in series through pipe joints, so that the branch water supply pipe is convenient to detach and install, and the sealing rotary sleeve assembly is maintained.
When the sealing rotary sleeve assembly is overhauled, high-pressure oil between the left lip seal ring 45 and the right lip seal ring 47 is needed to be detected first, the oil pressure of the high-pressure oil can be reduced in normal problem, at the moment, only a spanner is needed to clamp the pressure regulating bolt 52, so that the pressure regulating bolt 52 moves inwards along the pressure regulating threaded hole in the center of the fastening bolt 51, the storage space of the high-pressure oil is reduced, and the high-pressure oil can be conveniently regulated, so that the sealing reliability is ensured.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the arrangement positions and corresponding directions of the components described in the present embodiment are merely for the understanding of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, but the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some of the technical features can be equivalently replaced by those skilled in the art, so that any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention within the spirit and principle of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The ecological environment restoration treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Arranging an irrigation well in the center of the pit, and arranging water reservoirs around the outside of the irrigation well;
(2) Slope protection trimming is carried out on the side slopes around the pit;
(3) Leveling the bottom of the pit, so that the topography of the bottom of the pit gradually decreases from the periphery to the center;
(4) The bottom of the pit is sequentially provided with a gravel layer, a mortar layer, a water-resisting layer and a soil layer from bottom to top, water inlets communicated with the lower part of the soil layer are formed in the periphery of the wall of the reservoir, and a stainless steel filter screen is arranged outside the water inlets;
(5) Erecting an irrigation water supply pipeline system above the soil layer, wherein a water inlet of a main water supply pipe of the irrigation water supply pipeline system is connected with an irrigation submersible pump arranged in a reservoir;
(6) Spraying liquid fertilizer to the soil layer through an irrigation water supply pipeline system, sowing grain crops on the soil layer, and spraying pesticide to the grain crops through the irrigation water supply pipeline system when the grain crops have diseases and insect pests;
(7) When more rain falls, rainwater permeated into the soil layer is collected from the periphery to the center along the water-resisting layer, and finally flows into the reservoir through the water inlet holes on the reservoir wall;
(8) In drought seasons, water is sprayed to irrigate grain crops on the soil layer through an irrigation water supply pipeline system;
the irrigation water supply pipeline system comprises a plurality of branch water supply pipes which are all arranged along the left-right direction, a plurality of supporting rods are vertically arranged at the bottom of each branch water supply pipe, the middle parts of all branch water supply pipes are mutually communicated through a water guide pipe which is arranged along the front-back direction, and the bottoms of the water guide pipes are connected with the upper end of the main water supply pipe;
the left port and the right port of each branch water supply pipe are plugged, a plurality of reciprocating rotary spraying devices are arranged outside each branch water supply pipe, and the reciprocating rotary spraying devices on two adjacent branch water supply pipes are alternately arranged along the left-right direction at intervals;
The water supporting pipe is provided with a rain cover for covering the reciprocating rotary spray device, and the reciprocating rotary spray device comprises a forward and reverse rotating motor, a sealing rotary sleeve assembly and a spray assembly;
the sealing rotary sleeve assembly comprises a sealing sleeve rotationally connected to the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe, an arc-shaped hole communicated with the central water through hole is formed in the pipe wall of the branch water supply pipe along the circumferential direction, an inner threaded hole communicated with the arc-shaped hole is formed in the middle position of the bottom of the sealing sleeve along the radial direction, the left port of the sealing sleeve, the inner circle of the right port and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe are rotationally connected through a left bearing and a right bearing respectively, the left sealing end cover assembly is arranged on the left side of the left bearing of the sealing sleeve, the right sealing end cover assembly is arranged on the right side of the right bearing of the sealing sleeve, a first high-pressure oil sealing assembly positioned on the right side of the left bearing and the left side of the arc-shaped hole is arranged between the inner circle of the sealing sleeve and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe, and a second high-pressure oil sealing assembly positioned on the left side of the right bearing and the right side of the arc-shaped hole is arranged between the inner circle of the sealing sleeve and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe;
the base of the forward and reverse rotation motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the branch water supply pipe and positioned at the left side of the sealing rotary sleeve assembly, the middle upper part of the excircle of the sealing sleeve is provided with an outer gear ring, the main shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor is coaxially provided with a gear, and the lower part of the gear is meshed with the outer gear ring;
The spray assembly comprises a connecting pipe, a spray pipe and at least two spray heads, wherein the spray pipe is positioned below the branch water supply pipe and parallel to the branch water supply pipe, the upper end of the connecting pipe stretches into an internal threaded hole of the sealing sleeve in a threaded connection manner, the lower end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the middle position of the top of the spray pipe, the left end and the right end of the spray pipe are blocked, and the spray heads are uniformly connected to the spray pipe at intervals.
2. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: an irrigation control room is arranged above the reservoir, a liquid fertilizer spraying pump, a pesticide spraying pump, a liquid fertilizer mixing barrel and a pesticide mixing barrel are arranged in the irrigation control room, a main water supply valve is arranged on the main water supply pipe, an inlet of the liquid fertilizer spraying pump is connected with the liquid fertilizer mixing barrel, an outlet of the liquid fertilizer spraying pump is connected with the main water supply pipe through a fertilizer valve, an inlet of the pesticide spraying pump is connected with the pesticide mixing barrel, an outlet of the pesticide spraying pump is connected with the main water supply pipe through a pesticide valve, and the fertilizer valve and the pesticide valve are both positioned at the outlet side of the main water supply valve;
the upper part of the irrigation well is provided with an overflow hole communicated with the upper part of the reservoir, and the position of the overflow hole is higher than the water inlet hole and lower than the upper surface of the soil layer.
3. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 2, wherein: the concrete process for trimming the side slopes around the pit in the step (2) is as follows: firstly spreading a layer of broken stone to level the slope, spraying slurry on the broken stone of the slope, pouring the slurry into gaps of the broken stone, then spreading a clay layer with the thickness of at least 20cm on the surface of the slurry, then beating a plurality of anchor rods perpendicular to the slope, slightly protruding the outer end of the anchor rods to the outer surface of the clay layer, spreading a stainless steel wire mesh on the outer surface of the clay layer, fixedly connecting the steel wire mesh with the outer end of the anchor rods, and finally broadcasting slope protection grass seeds on the outer surface of the clay layer.
4. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe is provided with an annular positioning step which is in compression joint with the left end annular surface of the inner ring of the left bearing on the left side of the left bearing, the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe is provided with a pressing sleeve which is used for pressing the right annular end surface of the inner ring of the right bearing on the right side of the right bearing, and the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe at the right end of the pressing sleeve is in threaded connection with a locking nut;
the left sealing end cover component and the right sealing end cover component have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged left and right; the left sealing end cover assembly comprises an end cover and a dustproof sealing ring, the end cover is fixedly connected with the sealing sleeve through a plurality of screws uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing sleeve, an annular groove is formed in the inner circle of the end cover, and the dustproof sealing ring is sleeved on the branch water supply pipe and is located in the annular groove.
5. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 4, wherein: the first high-pressure oil seal assembly and the second high-pressure oil seal assembly are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged left and right;
the second high-pressure oil seal assembly comprises an annular step groove arranged in the inner circle of the seal sleeve, a left lip seal ring, a positioning sleeve ring, a right lip seal ring and a compression ring are sequentially arranged in the annular step groove from left to right on the outer circle of the water supply pipe, the right end of the compression ring is in compression joint with the left end of the outer circle of the right bearing, the lip of the left lip seal ring faces right, the lip of the right lip seal ring faces left, an oil filling hole corresponding to the outer circle of the positioning sleeve ring is formed in the seal sleeve along the radial direction, high-pressure oil is injected into the positioning sleeve ring through the oil filling hole to enable the lip of the right end of the left lip seal ring to open, the lip of the left end of the right lip seal ring opens to seal the inner circle of the seal sleeve with the outer circle of the water supply pipe, and the pressure regulating seal assembly is connected with the inner thread of the oil filling hole.
6. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 5, wherein: the inner circle of the positioning lantern ring is in clearance fit with the outer circle of the branch water supply pipe, the outer circle of the positioning lantern ring is provided with an outer annular groove along the circumferential direction, the inner circle of the positioning lantern ring is provided with an inner annular groove along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of through holes which are communicated with the outer annular groove and the inner annular groove are uniformly formed in the positioning lantern ring along the circumferential direction;
the pressure regulating type sealing assembly comprises a fastening bolt, a pressure regulating bolt and a sealing gasket, wherein the oil filling hole is a T-shaped hole with the outer thickness and the inner thickness, the sealing gasket is arranged on the bottom surface of a step of the T-shaped hole, the fastening bolt is in threaded connection with the outer thick section of the T-shaped hole, the inner end face of the fastening bolt is propped against the sealing gasket, the center of the fastening bolt is provided with a pressure regulating threaded hole, the inner diameters of the pressure regulating threaded hole and the thinner section of the T-shaped hole are equal, the center line of the pressure regulating threaded hole coincides, the pressure regulating bolt is in threaded connection with the pressure regulating threaded hole, and threads of the pressure regulating bolt and the pressure regulating threaded hole are sealing pipe threads.
7. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 6, wherein: the specific process of spraying liquid fertilizer to the soil layer through the irrigation water supply pipeline system in the step (6) is as follows: closing a main water supply valve and a pesticide valve, opening a fertilizing valve, starting a liquid fertilizer spraying pump and all forward and reverse rotating motors, conveying liquid fertilizer in a liquid fertilizer mixing barrel to all branch water supply pipes through the main water supply pipe and a water guide pipe, enabling the liquid fertilizer to enter an arc-shaped hole, a connecting pipe and a spraying pipe through a central water through hole of the branch water supply pipe, and finally spraying through a spray nozzle, wherein the forward and reverse rotating motors drive a gear to rotate when the spray nozzle sprays the liquid fertilizer to grain crops downwards, and the gear drives a sealing sleeve to reciprocate around the branch water supply pipe through an outer gear, the sealing sleeve drives the connecting pipe, the spraying pipe and the spray nozzle to reciprocate, the spray nozzle can expand the spraying area, and meanwhile, the liquid fertilizer sprayed by all the spray nozzles can cover the whole soil layer when in reciprocating rotation;
The specific process of spraying the pesticide to the grain crops through the irrigation water supply pipeline system in the step (6) is as follows: closing a main water supply valve and a fertilizing valve, opening a pesticide valve, starting a pesticide spraying pump and all forward and reverse rotating motors, conveying liquid pesticide in a pesticide mixing barrel to all branch water supply pipes through the main water supply pipe and a water guide pipe, enabling the liquid pesticide to enter an arc-shaped hole, a connecting pipe and a spraying pipe through a central water through hole of the branch water supply pipe, and finally spraying through a spray nozzle, wherein when the spray nozzle sprays the liquid pesticide to grain crops below, the forward and reverse rotating motors drive a gear to rotate, the gear drives a sealing sleeve to reciprocate around the branch water supply pipe through an outer gear, the sealing sleeve drives the connecting pipe, the spraying pipe and the spray nozzle to reciprocate, the spraying area can be enlarged by the rotation of the spray nozzle, and meanwhile, all the spray nozzles spray the liquid pesticide to fully cover the soil layer during reciprocating rotation.
8. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 6, wherein: the concrete process of water spraying irrigation of the grain crops on the soil layer through the irrigation water supply pipeline system comprises the following steps: closing the fertilization valve and the pesticide valve, opening the main water supply valve, starting the irrigation submersible pump and all the forward and reverse rotating motors, conveying high-pressure water to all branch water supply pipes by the irrigation submersible pump through the main water supply pipe and the water guide pipe, enabling the high-pressure water to enter into arc holes, connecting pipes and spraying pipes through central water through holes of the branch water supply pipes, and finally spraying through spray heads, when the spray heads spray water to grain crops below, driving gears to rotate by the forward and reverse rotating motors, driving sealing sleeves to reciprocate around the branch water supply pipes through outer tooth rings, driving the connecting pipes, the spraying pipes and the spray heads to reciprocate, and expanding spraying area by rotation of the spray heads, and meanwhile, enabling all the sprayed water to fully cover soil layers by the sprayed water when the spray heads reciprocate.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0132521A1 (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1985-02-13 | Elwyn P. Hilmer | Soil conservation intercropping |
| RU2056083C1 (en) * | 1994-06-29 | 1996-03-20 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт орошаемого земледелия | Method and device for improving water-air conditions of irrigated soils |
| CN104541648A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 芜湖恒诺能源技术有限公司 | Slope improving method for planting fruits and vegetables |
| CN110984189A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 深圳贵人生态建设有限公司 | Slope ecological restoration system and method |
-
2022
- 2022-02-10 CN CN202210125495.5A patent/CN114557162B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0132521A1 (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1985-02-13 | Elwyn P. Hilmer | Soil conservation intercropping |
| RU2056083C1 (en) * | 1994-06-29 | 1996-03-20 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт орошаемого земледелия | Method and device for improving water-air conditions of irrigated soils |
| CN104541648A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 芜湖恒诺能源技术有限公司 | Slope improving method for planting fruits and vegetables |
| CN110984189A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 深圳贵人生态建设有限公司 | Slope ecological restoration system and method |
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