CN114548725A - Deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on an entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method belongs to the field of geotechnical mechanics and engineering. The invention not only considers the objectivity of weighting the index weight, but also considers the risk occurrence probability and the accident damage loss degree, and the method mainly comprises the following steps: constructing an evaluation index system; determining the evaluation index weight based on an analytic hierarchy process; correcting the evaluation index weight based on an entropy weight method; determining the comprehensive weight of the indexes; dividing the safety grade; determining a security level; and carrying out fuzzy comprehensive judgment to obtain an evaluation score. The invention provides a difference coefficient, linear weighted combination is carried out on each index weight calculated by a layer analysis method and an entropy weight method based on the coefficient, and the stable state of the deep foundation pit is comprehensively and quantitatively evaluated by combining a refined deep foundation pit construction safety state grade evaluation table. The method solves the problem that the judgment matrix A is influenced by the expert experience level in the existing analysis method, can objectively and accurately weight the evaluation index, and improves the reliability of weight calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction engineering construction, and relates to a deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on an entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.
Background
The stability of the deep foundation pit is affected by various factors such as stratum conditions, underground water distribution, surrounding building environment and the like, and certain deviation often exists between the design of a supporting structure and the actual engineering requirement. The monitoring data can reflect the stress and deformation of the rock-soil body at the corresponding position in real time, and has important guiding function on the design and adjustment of the foundation pit supporting structure. Therefore, the method has important engineering value and scientific significance for evaluating the stability of the deep foundation pit and developing the research of a monitoring data analysis method.
At present, the commonly adopted deep foundation pit stability evaluation method mainly comprises the following steps: fault tree method, WBS method, analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, entropy weight method, and the like. The fault tree method and the WBS method can be used for simply and vividly describing factors and logic relations influencing the stability of the deep foundation pit through qualitative analysis. However, their analysis is complicated and lacks systematic quantitative considerations for deep pit stability. Although the factors influencing the stability of the deep foundation pit are considered in the hierarchical analysis-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method system, the factors are comprehensively decomposed, the structure is clear, and the defects of the two methods are overcome. However, the analytic hierarchy process over-emphasizes the role of the level of experience of the decision maker, so that the determination of the evaluation index weight contains certain subjective factors. The entropy weight method can objectively consider the effect of a single influence factor, but because a set of accepted standard evaluation index models are not formed in the current deep foundation pit construction research field, the entropy weight method is used for index weight analysis, and the actual result is easily deviated. In addition, in the previous grade division of the construction safety state of the deep foundation pit, the safety grade is divided into 3-4 grades, the precision is low, the selection and the determination of the warning value need to be set by virtue of expert experience, and the influence of factors such as risk generation and damage loss on the stability evaluation of the deep foundation pit is ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem, the invention provides a deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on an entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The invention provides a difference coefficient, linear weighted combination is carried out on each index weight calculated by a layer analysis method and an entropy weight method based on the coefficient, and the stable state of the deep foundation pit is comprehensively and quantitatively considered by combining a refined construction safety state grade evaluation table of the deep foundation pit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on an entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing an evaluation index system;
s2, determining the evaluation index weight based on an analytic hierarchy process;
s3, correcting the evaluation index weight based on an entropy weight method;
s4, determining index comprehensive weight;
s5, dividing the safety level;
s6, determining the security level;
and S7, carrying out fuzzy comprehensive judgment to obtain an evaluation score.
Further, the specific implementation process of step S1 is as follows:
s11, according to the main deformation of the foundation pit in the construction process, for example: deformation of a supporting structure, deformation of surrounding environment, monitoring of environment in a pit and the like, determining index factors influencing the stability of the deep foundation pit, and constructing a hierarchical evaluation index system;
and S12, setting index probability levels, and building a multi-level index evaluation model influencing the safety and stability of the deep foundation pit. Example (c): the first-level indexes comprise a deep foundation pit supporting structure, the surrounding environment, the environment in a pit and the like. Each first-level index is determined by a plurality of second-level indexes, and the contents of the second-level indexes can be divided into horizontal displacement of the structural piles, vertical displacement of the structural piles, settlement of surrounding buildings, inclination of the surrounding buildings, underground water level change inside and outside the foundation pit and the like.
Further, the implementation process of step S2 is as follows:
s21, comparing every two index factors in the same level with the previous level by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, giving a certain judgment on the relative importance of each index factor in each level, and grading the importance of each index factor by combining a 1-9 scale method to construct a judgment matrix A of each level;
s22, assuming the determination matrix a as follows:
wherein, aijIs the relative importance degree ratio of the index i and the index j;
s23, multiplying each row of the judgment matrix A to obtain a new vector
S24, opening each component of W to the power of n, and carrying out normalization processing on the components to finally obtain a weight vector Wi：
S25, introducing a consistency index as follows:
wherein λ ismaxThe maximum characteristic root of the judgment matrix is represented, and the larger the CI value is, the poorer the consistency of the judgment matrix is.
S26, performing consistency check by using the consistency index and the random consistency index RI:
when the consistency ratio is
The judgment shows that the sorting result of the hierarchical analysis is considered to meet the consistency through the inspection, and the feature vector is the weight vector; if not, reconstructing the judgment matrix or adjusting elements in the matrix until the consistency check is met.
Further, the implementation process of step S3 is as follows:
and S31, after the consistency check is passed, standardizing the judgment matrix A, and recording the standardized judgment matrix A as R:
S32, after the judgment matrix A is subjected to standardization processing, the entropy E of each evaluation index is calculatedj：
In the evaluation process, if the entropy value is larger, the reliability of the evaluation result is lower; on the contrary, the smaller the entropy value is, the greater the reliability of the evaluation result is;
s33, use ofDegree of deviation d of each indexjCalculating a correction coefficient mu of each indexj：
S34, utilizing the correction coefficient mujCorrecting the initial weight W calculated by the analytic hierarchy processjTo obtain the weight coefficient theta after modification by the entropy weight methodj：
Further, the implementation process of step S4 is as follows:
providing a weight index difference coefficient rho, and adopting linear weighting to obtain a weight WjAnd weight correction coefficient thetajPerforming combined calculation to determine index comprehensive weight wj：
wj＝ρWj+(1-ρ)θj
Wherein rho represents the proportion of the weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process to the combined weight; 1-rho represents the proportion of the weight value calculated by the entropy weight method to the combined weight.
The weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process accounts for the proportion of the combined weight, namely the weight index difference coefficient rho is determined according to the required specific condition, and the solution of the difference coefficient rho is calculated as follows:
wherein, Pi(i ═ 1,2,3, … n) is a vector in which the hierarchic analysis weight values are arranged in ascending order, and n is the number of evaluation indices.
Further, in the step S5: and (4) dividing the safety level according to the probability of risk occurrence and the loss degree caused by accident damage.
Further, the implementation process of step S6 is as follows:
s61, substituting the measured data of the evaluation indexes into the standard interval of the deep foundation pit construction safety state grade evaluation reference indexes, determining the membership degree of each state grade of a single index, and recording the membership degree as rij；
S62, forming an evaluation set of any single index about all state grades, and determining the safe and stable state grade of the evaluation index according to the maximum membership principle, wherein the evaluation set is as follows:
ri＝{ri1，ri2，ri3，…rim}
s63, sequentially integrating the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the bottom layer one layer upwards to obtain a total evaluation matrix R':
further, the implementation process of step S7 is as follows:
s71, according to the index comprehensive weight w determined in the step S4jAnd the total evaluation matrix R' obtained in step S63, obtaining a fuzzy evaluation result as follows:
B＝W×R′＝(b1，b2，…，bm)
wherein, B is the fuzzy evaluation result, W is the modified weight matrix, R' is the membership matrix, max { B } according to the maximum membership principlejDetermining the comprehensive safety and stability grade of the deep foundation pit (j is 1,2,3, … m);
s72, selecting the weight component corresponding to each level and carrying out weighted average on the weight components to obtain an evaluation score, wherein the formula of the weighted average is as follows:
wherein, bjRepresents the level value, v, corresponding to the j-th status level in the evaluation vector BjThe score of j-level environment quality condition is expressed, m is selected positive real number, and F is final scoreThe value is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on the entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the difference coefficient rho is provided, and linear weighting combination is carried out on each index weight calculated by the level analysis method and the entropy weight method based on the coefficient, so that the objectivity of index weight determination is enhanced. The method solves the problem that the judgment matrix A is influenced by the expert experience level in the existing analysis method, can objectively and accurately weight the evaluation index, and improves the reliability of weight calculation.
(2) According to the deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on the entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, on the basis of 'construction foundation pit engineering monitoring technical standards', the actually measured time data sequences of deep foundation pit engineering in various regions of China are statistically analyzed, the characteristic points of monitored data with 95% guarantee rate are used as monitoring control indexes, the probability of risk occurrence and the accident damage loss degree are combined, the division standard of the original 4-level foundation pit safety grade is improved, a 5-level evaluation reference index table of the construction safety state of the deep foundation pit is made, division of foundation pit safety grade evaluation is more detailed, the determination of the deep foundation pit stability grade is more persuasive, the deep foundation pit can be accurately and reliably graded, and early warning grading is better realized.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of construction engineering construction and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structure diagram of a multi-level evaluation index provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an evaluation index system for the safety state of the deep foundation pit engineering provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention provides a weight index difference coefficient, improves an entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, refines the construction safety state grade of a deep foundation pit, and provides a new method for analyzing the stability of the deep foundation pit on the basis. The solution is as follows:
(1) the difference coefficient rho is provided, linear weighting combination is carried out on each index weight calculated by the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight process based on the coefficient, the objectivity of index weight determination is enhanced, the problem that the judgment matrix A is influenced by the expert experience level in the existing analysis method is solved, weighting can be objectively and accurately carried out on evaluation indexes, and the reliability of weight calculation is improved.
(2) According to the deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on the entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, on the basis of 'construction foundation pit engineering monitoring technical standards', the actually measured time data sequences of deep foundation pit engineering in various regions of China are statistically analyzed, the characteristic points of monitored data with 95% guarantee rate are used as monitoring control indexes, the probability of risk occurrence and the accident damage loss degree are combined, the division standard of the original 4-level foundation pit safety grade is improved, a 5-level evaluation reference index table of the construction safety state of the deep foundation pit is made, division of foundation pit safety grade evaluation is more detailed, the determination of the deep foundation pit stability grade is more persuasive, the deep foundation pit can be accurately and reliably graded, and early warning grading is better realized.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on an entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing an evaluation index system;
s2, determining the evaluation index weight based on an analytic hierarchy process;
s3, correcting the evaluation index weight based on an entropy weight method;
s4, determining index comprehensive weight;
s5, dividing the safety level;
s6, determining the safety level;
and S7, carrying out fuzzy comprehensive judgment to obtain an evaluation score.
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 is implemented as follows:
s11, determining index factors influencing the stability of the deep foundation pit, and constructing a hierarchical evaluation index system as shown in FIG. 2;
at present, the common methods for determining the evaluation index of the stability of the deep foundation pit include: (1) work breakdown structure method (WBS), (2) risk breakdown structure method (RBS), (3) WBS-RBS method, (4) expert survey method, (5) look-up table method, (6) graphical method, (7) brainstorm method, and the like. Because the application range of each analysis method is different, certain difference also exists between index factors. In previous research results, the detectable deformation of a foundation pit during construction can be roughly classified into the following types according to the structure types: the foundation pit supporting structure (horizontal displacement of the structural piles, vertical displacement of the structural piles, lateral displacement of the maintenance wall and the like) the surrounding environment (settlement of surrounding buildings, inclination of the surrounding buildings, width of cracks of the surrounding buildings and the like) the environment in the foundation pit (uplift of the bottom of the foundation pit, underground water level inside and outside the foundation pit and the like).
And S12, setting index probability levels, and building a multi-level index evaluation model influencing the safety and stability of the deep foundation pit.
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the implementation process of step S2 is as follows:
s21, comparing every two index factors in the same layer with the previous layer by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, and giving a certain judgment on the relative importance of each index factor in each layer (the judgment process of the analytic hierarchy process mainly depends on expert experience level, and an evaluation result is given by combining a 1-9 scaling method, so that the obtained result contains a certain subjective color, which is the defect of the analytic hierarchy process, and meanwhile, the evaluation method is the improvement of the analytic hierarchy process by utilizing an entropy weight method, wherein the entropy weight method is one of objective weighting methods, the weighting process mainly considers the characteristics of data and is not influenced by artificial subjective factors), and the importance of the weighting method is graded by combining the 1-9 scaling method (see Table 1) to construct a judgment matrix A of each layer.
TABLE 11-9 Scale method
S22, assuming the determination matrix a as follows:
wherein, aijIs the relative importance degree ratio of the index i and the index j;
s23, multiplying each row of the judgment matrix A to obtain a new vector
S24, mixing
Each component is opened to the power of n, and normalization processing is carried out on each component to finally obtain a weight vector Wi：
S25, introducing a consistency index as follows:
wherein λ ismaxThe maximum characteristic root of the judgment matrix is represented, and the larger the CI value is, the poorer the consistency of the judgment matrix is.
S26, consistency check is carried out by utilizing the consistency index and the random consistency index RI (see table 2):
when the consistency ratio is
The judgment shows that the sequencing result of the hierarchical analysis is considered to meet the consistency through the test, and the feature vector is the weight vector;
if not, reconstructing the judgment matrix or adjusting elements in the matrix until the consistency check is met.
TABLE 2 random consistency index RI values
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the implementation process of step S3 is as follows:
and S31, after the consistency check is carried out, carrying out standardization processing on the judgment matrix A, and recording the standardization processing as R:
S32, after the judgment matrix A is subjected to standardization processing, the entropy E of each evaluation index is calculatedj：
In the evaluation process, if the entropy value is larger, the reliability of the evaluation result is lower; on the contrary, the smaller the entropy value is, the greater the reliability of the evaluation result is;
s33, degree of deviation d using each indexjCalculating a correction coefficient mu of each indexj：
S34, utilizing the correction coefficient mujCorrecting the initial weight W calculated by the analytic hierarchy processjTo obtain the weight coefficient theta after modification by the entropy weight methodj：
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the implementation process of step S4 is as follows:
in order to ensure that the weight assignment has the advantages of the experience of a decision maker and avoid the random subjectivity of the weight assignment as much as possible, a weight index difference coefficient rho is provided, and linear weighting is adopted to carry out weighting on the weight WjAnd weight correction factor thetajPerforming combined calculation to determine index comprehensive weight wj：
wj＝ρWj+(1-ρ)θj
Wherein rho represents the proportion of the weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process to the combined weight; 1-rho represents the proportion of the weight value calculated by the entropy weight method to the combined weight.
The proportion rho of the weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process to the combined weight is determined according to the required specific condition, and the solution of the difference coefficient rho is calculated as follows:
wherein, Pi(i ═ 1,2,3, … n) is a vector in which the hierarchic analysis weight values are arranged in ascending order, and n is the number of evaluation indices.
In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step S5 is performed to classify the safety level according to the probability of risk occurrence and the degree of loss due to accident damage.
In order to solve the problem that the quantitative standard of the grade of the monitoring alarm grading strategy is not accurate, the monitoring alarm value follows: (1) the design calculation requirements are met, and the design value cannot be met; (2) the safety requirement of the monitored object is met, and the purpose of protection is achieved; (3) for protection objects under the same condition, comprehensively determining according to the requirements of the surrounding environment and the specific construction condition; (4) meet the requirements of the current relevant specifications and regulations; (5) and the principle of meeting the requirements set forth by the governing departments of all protected objects. A grade 5 deep foundation pit construction safety state grade evaluation reference index is established by comparing a monitoring alarm value of building foundation pit engineering monitoring technical standard and combining risk occurrence probability and accident damage loss degree, and is shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 grade evaluation reference index for construction safety state of deep foundation pit
Note: 1.f1-design value of load capacity of the element, anchor rod ultimate resistance to pullout; f. ofyDesign values of steel support and anchor prestress.
2. When the accumulated change of the monitoring items exceeds a specified value or the change rate exceeds 70% of the specified value in the table for 3 times continuously, the disaster early warning response is started immediately.
The risk factors can directly or indirectly cause the occurrence of engineering safety accidents, and cause the related economic losses and the casualties of field operation personnel to a certain extent for the engineering, material equipment, construction machines and tools, third parties and the like. In order to better manage and control the occurrence of risks and timely and effectively investigate and prevent serious danger sources, the safety and stability states of deep foundation pit engineering are graded according to the probability of risk occurrence and the loss degree caused by accident damage, and the grade is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 deep Foundation pit construction Process Risk probability and Accident loss class
Note: EL is the ratio of direct economic loss to total investment; CL is the ratio of the loss construction period to the planning construction period; MW is the number of light injuries; SW is the number of serious injury; d is the number of deaths.
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the implementation process of step S6 is as follows:
s61, substituting the measured data of the evaluation indexes into the standard interval of the deep foundation pit construction safety state grade evaluation reference indexes, determining the membership degree of each state grade of a single index, and recording as rij；
S62, forming an evaluation set of any single index about all state grades, and determining the safe and stable state grade of the evaluation index according to the maximum membership principle, wherein the evaluation set is as follows:
ri＝{ri1，ri2，ri3，…rim}
s63, sequentially integrating the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the bottom layer one level upwards to obtain a total evaluation matrix R':
in specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the implementation process of step S7 is as follows:
s71, in order to take account of the influence of all evaluation indexes on the safety and stability evaluation process of the deep foundation pit, the comprehensive stability condition of the deep foundation pit in the field construction process can be reflected more truly, and the comprehensive weight w of the indexes determined in the step S4 is used as the basisjAnd the total evaluation matrix R' obtained in step S63, obtaining a fuzzy evaluation result as follows:
B＝W×R′＝(b1,b2,…,bm)
wherein, B is the fuzzy evaluation result, W is the modified weight matrix, R' is the membership matrix, max { B } according to the maximum membership principlejDetermining the comprehensive safety and stability grade of the deep foundation pit (j is 1,2,3, … m);
s72, in order to show the comparability of the evaluation object, selecting the weight component corresponding to each level and carrying out weighted average on the weight components to obtain an evaluation score, wherein the formula of the weighted average is as follows:
wherein, bjRepresents the level value, v, corresponding to the j-th status level in the evaluation vector BjAnd (4) expressing the score of j-level environment quality conditions, wherein m is a selected positive real number, and F is a final score value.
Examples
In this embodiment, a certain deep foundation pit engineering project in Shenzhen city is adopted, and the project is located on the southeast side of the intersection of the Guangdong Yangtze river expressway and the Aughai avenue and is in a greening garden on the south side of the No. 5 line of the subway. The perimeter of the foundation pit is about 317.425m, and the area is about 7683m2Setting 3 layers of basement, the height of three layers of underground is 10.0m, the depth of foundation pit is 18.75m-24.75m, adopting underground continuous wall to support and filling soilThe layer thickness is 6.0m-14.0 m. The edge of the extension line tunnel of the adjacent subway No. 5 line on the northwest side of the foundation pit is about 15.0m, the foundation of the adjacent high-speed pile along the river on the southwest side is about 30.0m, and the site environment conditions are complex.
The first step is as follows: and (3) establishing an evaluation index and system:
the accumulated change of the settlement of the peripheral earth surface and the pipe trench is large in the construction process of the deep foundation pit, and a four-layer safety evaluation system is constructed from two aspects of a foundation pit body structure and a peripheral environment according to the actual safety and stability requirements of a foundation pit engineering project in the center of a front bay information hub and in combination with the construction principle of an index system in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 3.
A first layer: u ═ B1,B2]；
A second layer: b1＝[C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6]；B2＝[C7,C8,C9]；
And a third layer: c1＝[D1,D2]；C2＝[D3,D4]；C3＝[D5,D6]；C4＝[D7,D8]；C5＝[D9,D10]；C6＝[D11,D12]；C7＝[D13,D14]；C8＝[D15,D16]；C9＝[D17,D18]。
The second step is that: determining an evaluation index weight coefficient;
taking the pit body structure of the foundation pit as an example, a hierarchical Analysis (AHP) judgment matrix is constructed according to a 1-9 scaling method, and the judgment matrix is shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5 Overall decision matrix B-U
TABLE 6 pit structure judgment matrix B1-C
And (3) carrying out consistency check on the judgment matrix according to a consistency index formula, wherein the calculated consistency ratios all meet the condition that CR is less than 0.1, and the matrix has better consistency and meets the requirements of deep foundation pit engineering construction.
The third step: entropy weight-AHP method combined weight;
on the basis of a judgment matrix A constructed by an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), solving a standardized judgment matrix according to a formula for calculating entropies influencing evaluation indexes of the stability of the deep foundation pit:
according to R1Index entropy E of evaluating index of pit body structure of foundation pit is calculated1And degree of deviation d1Correction coefficient mu1Corrected weight coefficient theta1Combining weight w1。
E1＝(0.8759 0.8759 0.8540 0.8540 0.8540 0.9488)
d1＝(0.1241 0.1241 0.1460 0.1460 0.1460 0.0512)
μ1＝(0.8759 0.8759 0.8540 0.8540 0.8540 0.9488)
θ1＝(0.3250 0.3250 0.1387 0.0832 0.0935 0.0346)
w1＝(0.3246 0.3246 0.1282 0.0769 0.0864 0.0592)
The fourth step: establishing a hierarchical evaluation index membership matrix and a judgment model;
evaluating the reference index of the engineering measured data according to the construction safety state grade of the deep foundation pit, and constructing a membership matrix of the pit body structure:
pit body structure:
B1＝W1×R1′＝(0.9057 0.2585 0.0942 0.0766 0)
the deep foundation pit is integral:
B＝W×R′＝(0.5720 0.2681 0.1159 0.0440 0)
fuzzy subset of the overall safety level of the foundation pit:
b ═ 0.5720 (class i) 0.2681 (class ii) 0.1159 (class iii) 0.0440 (class iv) 0 (class v) ]
The fifth step: the safety state of the deep foundation pit is evaluated;
and (5) combining the analysis of the evaluation index grade states of all the deep foundation pits, and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation result of the engineering project of the deep foundation pit of Shenzhen according to a weighted average formula, which is shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 evaluation result of deep foundation pit engineering safety state
According to the data analysis, the whole deep foundation pit is in a level I safety state, and in the first layer of safety fuzzy subset, the membership degree of the level I is 0.572. The surrounding environment is low in score relative to the pit body structure, and the influence degree on the surrounding environment is large when the horizontal displacement of the wall (pile) and the horizontal displacement of the deep layer change in the foundation pit construction process exceeds an early warning value. In addition, the related part door is given high attention in site construction, and corresponding treatment measures are taken in time. The evaluation result is matched with the actual engineering situation, the effectiveness of the foundation pit safety evaluation model is shown, and the construction process of the foundation pit can be well guided.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A deep foundation pit stability evaluation method based on an entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, constructing an evaluation index system;
s11, determining index factors influencing the stability of the deep foundation pit according to the main deformation of the foundation pit in the construction process, and constructing a hierarchical evaluation index system;
s12, setting index probability levels, and building a multi-level index evaluation model influencing the safety and stability of the deep foundation pit;
s2, determining the evaluation index weight based on an analytic hierarchy process;
s3, correcting the evaluation index weight based on an entropy weight method;
s4, determining index comprehensive weight;
providing a weight index difference coefficient rho, and adopting linear weighting to obtain a weight WjAnd weight correction factor thetajPerforming combined calculation to determine index comprehensive weight wj：
wj＝ρWj+(1-ρ)θj
Wherein rho represents the proportion of the weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process to the combined weight; 1-rho represents the proportion of the weight value calculated by the entropy weight method to the combined weight;
the weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process accounts for the proportion of the combined weight, the weight index difference coefficient rho is determined according to the required specific condition, and the solution of the difference coefficient rho is calculated as follows:
wherein, Pi(i ═ 1,2,3, … n) is a vector in which the hierarchic analysis weight values are arranged in ascending order, and n is the number of evaluation indices;
s5, dividing the safety level;
dividing safety levels according to the probability of risk occurrence and the loss degree caused by accident damage;
s6, determining the security level;
s61, substituting the measured data of the evaluation indexes into the standard interval of the deep foundation pit construction safety state grade evaluation reference indexes, determining the membership degree of each state grade of a single index, and recording the membership degree as rij；
S62, forming a judgment set of any single index about all state grades, and determining the safe and stable state grade of the evaluation index according to the maximum membership principle, wherein the judgment set is as follows:
ri＝{ri1，ri2，ri3，…rim}
s63, sequentially integrating the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the bottom layer one level upwards to obtain a total evaluation matrix R':
s7, carrying out fuzzy comprehensive judgment to obtain an evaluation score;
s71, according to the index comprehensive weight w determined in the step S4jAnd the total evaluation matrix R' obtained in step S63, obtaining a fuzzy evaluation result as follows:
B＝W×R′＝(b1，b2，…，bm)
wherein, B is the fuzzy evaluation result, W is the modified weight matrix, R' is the membership matrix, max { B } according to the maximum membership principlejDetermining the comprehensive safety and stability grade of the deep foundation pit, wherein j is 1,2,3 and … m;
s72, selecting the weight component corresponding to each level and carrying out weighted average on the weight components to obtain an evaluation score, wherein the formula of the weighted average is as follows:
wherein, bjRepresents the level value, v, corresponding to the j-th status level in the evaluation vector BjAnd (4) expressing the score of j-level environment quality conditions, wherein m is a selected positive real number, and F is a final score value.
2. The method for evaluating the stability of the deep foundation pit based on the entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 is realized by the following steps:
s21, comparing every two index factors in the same level with the previous level by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, giving a certain judgment on the relative importance of each index factor in each level, and grading the importance of each index factor by combining a 1-9 scale method to construct a judgment matrix A of each level;
s22, assuming the determination matrix a as follows:
wherein, aijIs the relative importance degree ratio of the index i and the index j;
s23, multiplying each row of the judgment matrix A to obtain a new vector
S24, mixing
Each component is opened to the power of n, and normalization processing is carried out on each component to finally obtain a weight vector Wi：
S25, introducing a consistency index as follows:
wherein λ ismaxThe maximum characteristic root of the judgment matrix is represented, and the larger the CI value is, the worse the consistency of the judgment matrix is;
s26, performing consistency check by using the consistency index and the random consistency index RI:
when the consistency ratio is
The judgment shows that the sorting result of the hierarchical analysis is considered to meet the consistency through the inspection, and the feature vector is the weight vector; if not, reconstructing the judgment matrix or adjusting elements in the matrix until the consistency check is met.
3. The method for evaluating the stability of the deep foundation pit based on the entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 is realized by the following steps:
and S31, after the consistency check is passed, standardizing the judgment matrix A, and recording the standardized judgment matrix A as R:
S32, after the judgment matrix A is subjected to standardization processing, the entropy E of each evaluation index is calculatedj：
S33, using deviation degree d of each indexjCalculate eachCorrection coefficient mu of indexj：
S34, utilizing the correction coefficient mujCorrecting the initial weight W calculated by the analytic hierarchy processjTo obtain the weight coefficient theta after modification by the entropy weight methodj：
4. The method for evaluating the stability of the deep foundation pit based on the entropy weight-level analysis fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the safety levels divided in the step S5 are shown in the following table:
note: EL is the ratio of direct economic loss to total investment; CL is the ratio of the loss construction period to the planning construction period; MW is the number of light injuries; SW is the number of serious injury; d is the number of deaths.
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