CN110889588A - Method for evaluating risk level of shield tunnel construction adjacent building by using factor judgment matrix - Google Patents

Method for evaluating risk level of shield tunnel construction adjacent building by using factor judgment matrix Download PDF

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CN110889588A
CN110889588A CN201910997800.8A CN201910997800A CN110889588A CN 110889588 A CN110889588 A CN 110889588A CN 201910997800 A CN201910997800 A CN 201910997800A CN 110889588 A CN110889588 A CN 110889588A
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黎春林
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Tongling University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for evaluating the risk level of a shield tunnel construction adjacent building by using a factor judgment matrix, which comprises the following steps: (1) constructing a risk level evaluation hierarchical structure; (2) establishing a judgment matrix P of every two factors in a layering way; (3) calculating the maximum characteristic value of each judgment matrix and checking the consistency; (4) determining a combined weight set A of each factor in an index system by an analytic hierarchy process; (5) introducing expert opinions and regional engineering experience, and establishing an evaluation factor set R; (6) and carrying out comprehensive evaluation on the risk level of the building. The method fully considers all factors of buildings along the shield tunnel, establishes a risk evaluation index system, analyzes the risk of the adjacent buildings in the shield tunnel construction process, quantifies fuzzy risk concepts, determines the building risk level according to the quantified score of the building risk evaluation, and provides a basis for the safety evaluation of buildings around the shield tunnel and the selection of reinforcement protection measures.

Description

Method for evaluating risk level of shield tunnel construction adjacent building by using factor judgment matrix
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of urban subway tunnel construction, in particular to a risk assessment method for evaluating the influence of shield tunnel construction on an adjacent building by using a factor judgment matrix by combining quantitative analysis and expert experience.
Background
Urban subway tunnels often need to pass through busy commercial areas, railway stations and residential areas, and shield tunnels are adjacent to more buildings along the line. The shield machine is generally accompanied with the disturbance of surrounding foundations when in construction and propulsion to cause soil deformation, and a settling tank influences the foundations of buildings in the soil deformation process, transmits the soil to the foundations from the foundations and finally transmits the soil to an upper structure to cause secondary internal force and deformation of the structure, and the building can be inclined or collapsed in serious cases. Particularly, a plurality of multi-storey residential buildings with brick-concrete structures of longer ages along the line are very sensitive to deformation, shield construction risks of adjacent buildings must be analyzed to protect the buildings and ensure normal construction, and corresponding protection measures are taken according to analysis results to reduce the influence of shield tunneling on surrounding buildings.
The risk of subway construction is one of the hot problems in current research, and many researchers and research institutions at home and abroad participate in the hot problems. Einstein firstly introduces a risk analysis and evaluation concept in the field of subway engineering, and John Reilly proposes to apply risk management and risk analysis to tunnel engineering in a complex stratum environment. Risk assessment is carried out on the construction of the submarine tunnel by adopting a risk judgment matrix and an expert investigation method in Songharan and the like; the seedling carries out disaster risk evaluation on the tunnel by applying geology and fuzzy mathematical theory; and performing collapse risk assessment on the tunnel by adopting a fuzzy hierarchy assessment model in the Chengshaoguang. The Chenyao and the like adopt a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to carry out risk identification and risk estimation on the construction of the subway shield tunnel, and further adopt a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to carry out risk evaluation. And the Liu ancestor capacity and the like adopt an analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the risk condition in the shield construction, and the risk of each construction section is pre-judged according to the analysis result.
In recent years, students try to introduce an analytic hierarchy process or a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process into risk assessment of buildings and obtain some achievements, but the method depends on experts too much to score, the reliability of the method depends on the expert level, more experts and technicians are needed to participate, the evaluation process is complex, subjective factors of the experts have great influence on the evaluation result, and the reliability of the final evaluation result is directly influenced.
In recent years, there are many research results, such as a risk assessment method for continuous crossing of a building by an extra-large diameter shield under the publication number CN108520350A, which comprehensively considers the influence of the building itself and soil conditions. The risk assessment problem of the shield crossing building is hierarchically analyzed by establishing a risk grading evaluation index system of the shield crossing building and using 7 indexes of tunnel burial depth, building foundation form, building structure type, tunnel crossing mode, building structure current situation, tunnel line type, stratum condition and the like. On the basis of the established evaluation index system, 3-level risk grade scores and relative weights are respectively set for 7 indexes, and weighting is carried out to obtain final risk evaluation scores, so that the building risk grade is determined, and references are provided for setting of shield construction parameters and selection of reinforcement protection measures in the crossing process. In the technical scheme, the most important weight index value taking process in the index system is not clear, and the application steps of the analytic hierarchy process in the risk assessment of the large-diameter shield continuously crossing the building are not clear. In addition, in the scheme, all evaluation index single risk evaluation values are unreasonable by uniformly adopting standard values of 1, 5 and 10, and the scores are too different; such as single risk assessment of shield side-piercing and underpass, shield side-piercing may be more dangerous than underpass for structures sensitive to differential settlement. According to the scheme, the side of the artificial leather is worn for 5 minutes, and the lower side of the artificial leather is worn for 10 minutes, so that the actual situation of engineering risks cannot be reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a risk assessment and calculation method for the influence of shield rice construction on adjacent buildings by combining quantitative analysis and expert experience on the basis of a hierarchical analysis theory.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method for evaluating the risk level of the shield tunnel construction adjacent building by using the factor judgment matrix comprises the following steps: (1) constructing a risk level evaluation hierarchical structure; (2) establishing a judgment matrix P of every two factors in a layering way; (3) calculating the maximum characteristic value of each judgment matrix and checking the consistency; (4) determining a combined weight set A of each factor in an index system by an analytic hierarchy process; (5) introducing expert opinions and regional engineering experience, and establishing an evaluation factor set R; (6) and carrying out comprehensive evaluation on the risk level of the building.
As a further improvement of the invention, the risk level evaluation hierarchical structure is constructed to be divided into three layers, wherein the first layer is a target layer, the second layer is a criterion layer, and the third layer is an influence factor.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the criteria layer includes building history, building location, building status, and tunnel construction condition.
As a further improvement of the invention, the influence factors of the historical data of the building comprise the building grade, the building structure form and the foundation form; the influence factors of the building position comprise the horizontal distance between the building and the tunnel and the vertical distance between the foundation bottom surface and the tunnel top surface; the influence factors of the current situation of the building comprise the building age, the inclination of the building and the deformation and cracking of the building; the influencing factors of the tunnel construction condition comprise the construction environment complex condition and the hydrogeological condition.
As a further improvement of the invention, the influence factors of the evaluation factor set comprise the horizontal distance between the building and the axis of the tunnel, the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the foundation and the top surface of the tunnel, the grade of the building, the form of the foundation, the form of the building structure, the age of the building, the hydrogeological conditions, the construction environment, the inclination of the building and the deformation and cracks of the building.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for calculating the combined weight set a includes establishing a pairwise factor determination matrix of the second-layer index of the structural risk level evaluation hierarchical structure, solving the weight vector W to obtain a pairwise factor determination matrix of the third-layer index of the structural risk level evaluation hierarchical structure, solving the weight vector W to obtain a weight vector W, and multiplying the weight vectors of the two to obtain the combined weight set a.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the risk value S is obtained by multiplying the evaluation factor set R and the combination weight set a.
As a further improvement of the invention, a target layer risk rating criterion is established.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the construction method fully considers the factors of the construction environment, the hydrogeological condition, the building position, the building construction year, the foundation type and the burial depth of the building, the building grade and the like of the building along the shield tunnel, establishes a risk evaluation index system, analyzes the risk of the adjacent building in the shield tunnel construction process, quantifies the fuzzy risk concept, determines the building risk grade according to the quantified score of the building risk evaluation, and provides a basis for the safety evaluation of the buildings around the shield tunnel and the selection of the reinforcement protection measures.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a risk level evaluation hierarchy according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a comparison table of the consistency index determination of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows evaluation factors and evaluation criteria according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a target tier risk rating criteria of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
The invention relates to a method for evaluating the risk level of a shield tunnel construction adjacent building by utilizing a factor judgment matrix, which comprises the following steps:
1. as shown in fig. 2, a structured risk level evaluation hierarchy is established,
2. hierarchically establishing judgment matrix P of pairwise factors
Assuming that a layer has n factors, the relationship between the factors is expressed by adopting a scale of 1-9, and the larger the scale is, the larger the difference between the importance degrees of the two factors is. For example: scale 1 indicates that both factors are equally important; whereas a scale of 9 indicates that one factor is extremely important compared to the other.
Calculating the maximum characteristic value of each judgment matrix and checking the consistency:
(1) first, the product of each row of the matrix is calculated
Figure BDA0002240278470000051
(2) Second, calculate MiThe n-th square root:
Figure BDA0002240278470000052
(3) then the vector is transformed
Figure BDA0002240278470000053
Normalization:
Figure BDA0002240278470000054
(4) further solving the maximum characteristic value of the judgment matrix:
Figure BDA0002240278470000055
(5) consistency check
① calculation of consistency index C.I
Figure BDA0002240278470000056
② calculate the consistency ratio C.R:
Figure BDA0002240278470000057
in the formula, r.i is an average random consistency index, which is an average of 1000 consistency indexes calculated from a judgment matrix that occurs randomly, and can be found by referring to fig. 3.
3. And on the basis of each hierarchy judgment matrix, determining a combined weight set A of each factor in the index system by using an analytic hierarchy process.
4. An evaluation factor set R is established according to expert opinions and regional engineering experience, as shown in fig. 4.
5. And carrying out comprehensive evaluation on the building risk level.
The risk of shield under-penetration of the building is a fuzzy concept without obvious risk boundary, so the method adopts a hierarchical analysis method combining qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to evaluate the risk level. And (4) analyzing from the lowest layer, taking the evaluation result of the lower layer as a single-factor evaluation set of the upper layer, and evaluating the higher layer until reaching the target layer.
The principle is that a combination weight set A is obtained by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, an evaluation factor set R is constructed according to the evaluation result of a single factor, and then a risk level risk value S is obtained from the evaluation factor set R and the combination weight set A.
S=A·R (7)
According to the actual condition of the influence of shield tunnel construction on surrounding buildings, the risk level is divided into four standards, namely a special level, a first level, a second level and a third level. The risk of the building decreases in turn in four levels, each of which is an important basis in deciding on reinforcement measures, as shown in fig. 5.
For better explanation and illustration, the following examples are particularly chosen.
And (3) preliminarily determining buildings within 20m ranges around the side line of the tunnel as evaluation objects according to the influence range of the subway shield tunnel construction by combining the geological conditions and the tunnel burial depth of a certain urban subway No. 1. The following explains the embodiment of the present invention by taking the shield tunnel as an example to pass through the south garden building No. 7.
In the region, a Nanyang garden No. 7 building, a concrete frame structure, a pile foundation and 8 layers are intersected with a subway and built in 1997 (calculated according to shield construction time and 13 years of house age), and the distance between the bottom surface of the foundation and the top surface of a tunnel is 7.52m, so that the geological condition is good, and the construction environment is general. Through on-site actual measurement, the building gradient is 0.3 per mill, and the structure is complete.
Scoring the first-level index:
Figure BDA0002240278470000071
establishing a first-layer index judgment matrix
Figure BDA0002240278470000072
Solving its weight vector W ═ (0.10910.35090.18910.3509)T
Maximum eigenvalue λmax4.0104, consistency index
Figure BDA0002240278470000073
Looking up table to obtain average random consistency index R.I ═ 0.9
And (3) checking consistency:
Figure BDA0002240278470000074
the matrix has good consistency, passing the consistency check.
Second tier index scoring:
1. building historical data judgment matrix
Figure BDA0002240278470000075
Solving its weight vector W ═ (0.1570.2490.594)T
Maximum eigenvalue λmax3.0536, consistency index
Figure BDA0002240278470000081
Looking up table to obtain average random consistency index R.I ═ 0.58
And (3) checking consistency:
Figure BDA0002240278470000082
the matrix has good consistency, passing the consistency check.
2. Building and tunnel distance judgment matrix
Figure BDA0002240278470000083
Solving its weight vector W ═ (0.670.33)T
3. Building current situation judgment matrix
Figure BDA0002240278470000084
Solving its weight vector W ═ (0.0720.6490.279)T
Maximum eigenvalue λmax3.065, consistency index
Figure BDA0002240278470000085
Looking up table to obtain average random consistency index R.I ═ 0.58
And (3) checking consistency:
Figure BDA0002240278470000086
the matrix has good consistency, passing the consistency check.
4. Construction condition judgment matrix
Figure BDA0002240278470000091
Solving its weight vector W ═ (0.330.67)T
Risk assessment matrix
Figure BDA0002240278470000092
Combining weight set a:
A=(0.01710.02720.06480.23510.11580.01360.12270.0528 0.11580.2351)
according to engineering data, an evaluation factor set R is established from the graph of FIG. 4:
R=(90 80 90 40 80 90 80 90 80 100)T
its risk value S is obtained by the formula:
S=A·R=(0.0171 0.0272 0.0648 0.2351 0.1158 0.0136 0.1227 0.05280.1158 0.2351)·(90 80 90 40 80 90 80 90 80 100)T=76.78
according to the risk value 76.78, the risk grade is first grade, the construction has very large risk, corresponding preventive reinforcement must be carried out before the shield tunnel construction, and risk disposal measures must be made according to the inspection of fig. 5.
The construction method fully considers the factors of the construction environment, the hydrogeological condition, the building position, the building construction year, the foundation type and the burial depth of the building, the building grade and the like of the building along the shield tunnel, establishes a risk evaluation index system, analyzes the risk of the adjacent building in the shield tunnel construction process, quantifies the fuzzy risk concept, determines the building risk grade according to the quantified score of the building risk evaluation, and provides a basis for the safety evaluation of the buildings around the shield tunnel and the selection of the reinforcement protection measures.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scheme of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various permutations, combinations and modifications can be made on the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the modifications are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The method for evaluating the risk level of the shield tunnel construction adjacent building by using the factor judgment matrix comprises the following steps: (1) constructing a risk level evaluation hierarchical structure; (2) establishing a judgment matrix P of every two factors in a layering way; (3) calculating the maximum characteristic value of each judgment matrix and checking the consistency; (4) determining a combined weight set A of each factor in an index system by an analytic hierarchy process; (5) introducing expert opinions and regional engineering experience, and establishing an evaluation factor set R; (6) and carrying out comprehensive evaluation on the risk level of the building.
2. The method for evaluating the risk level of the building adjacent to the shield tunnel construction by using the factor judgment matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the risk level evaluation hierarchy is constructed by three layers, the first layer is a target layer, the second layer is a criterion layer, and the third layer is an influence factor.
3. The method for assessing the risk level of a building adjacent to shield tunnel construction using the factor determination matrix as claimed in claim 2, wherein the criteria layer includes building history data, building location, building status and tunnel construction conditions.
4. The method for evaluating the risk level of the building adjacent to the shield tunnel construction by using the factor judgment matrix according to claim 3, wherein the influence factors of the historical data of the building comprise the building level, the building structure form and the foundation form; the influence factors of the building position comprise the horizontal distance between the building and the tunnel and the vertical distance between the foundation bottom surface and the tunnel top surface; the influence factors of the current situation of the building comprise the building age, the inclination of the building and the deformation and cracking of the building; the influencing factors of the tunnel construction condition comprise the construction environment complex condition and the hydrogeological condition.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the maximum eigenvalue of the decision matrix comprises calculating the product of each row of the matrix
Figure FDA0002240278460000011
Second, calculate MiThe n-th square root:
Figure FDA0002240278460000021
then the vector is transformed
Figure FDA0002240278460000022
Normalization:
Figure FDA0002240278460000023
further solving the maximum characteristic value of the judgment matrix:
Figure FDA0002240278460000024
6. the method for assessing the risk level of a building adjacent to shield tunnel construction using the factor determination matrix as claimed in claim 5, wherein the consistency check method comprises
① calculation of consistency index C.I
Figure FDA0002240278460000025
② calculate the consistency ratio C.R:
Figure FDA0002240278460000026
in the formula, r.i is an average random consistency index, which is an average of 1000 consistency indexes calculated according to a judgment matrix that occurs randomly, and can be found by table lookup.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the evaluation factor set includes the horizontal distance between the building and the tunnel axis, the vertical distance between the bottom of the foundation and the top of the tunnel, the building grade, the foundation form, the building structure form, the building year, the hydrogeological conditions, the construction environment, the building inclination, and the deformation and crack of the building.
8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the method for evaluating the risk level of the building adjacent to the shield tunnel construction by using the factor judgment matrix comprises the steps of establishing a pairwise factor judgment matrix of the second-layer index of the structural risk level evaluation hierarchical structure, solving the weight vector W, establishing a pairwise factor judgment matrix of the third-layer index of the structural risk level evaluation hierarchical structure, solving the weight vector W, and multiplying the weight vectors of the two matrixes to obtain the combined weight set A.
9. The method for evaluating the risk level of the building adjacent to the shield tunnel construction by using the factor judgment matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the risk level risk value S is obtained by multiplying an evaluation factor set R and a combined weight set A.
10. The method for assessing the risk level of the building adjacent to the shield tunnel construction by using the adoption factor judgment matrix as claimed in claim 9, wherein a target layer risk level assessment standard is established.
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CN111815145A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-10-23 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Engineering difficulty dynamic evaluation method and device, storage medium and computer equipment
CN111985804A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-11-24 华中科技大学 Shield approaching existing tunnel safety evaluation method based on data mining and data fusion
CN112418680A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-02-26 浙江省工程勘察设计院集团有限公司 Evaluation method and system for slope habitat construction of rigid supporting structure
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CN115788590A (en) * 2023-01-31 2023-03-14 中国矿业大学(北京) Control method and system for anti-seismic deformation and monitoring of cross-fault tunnel surrounding rock
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CN111815145A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-10-23 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Engineering difficulty dynamic evaluation method and device, storage medium and computer equipment
CN111985804B (en) * 2020-08-18 2021-09-10 华中科技大学 Shield approaching existing tunnel safety evaluation method based on data mining and data fusion
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CN112418680A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-02-26 浙江省工程勘察设计院集团有限公司 Evaluation method and system for slope habitat construction of rigid supporting structure
CN113505954B (en) * 2020-12-04 2024-02-02 广东省建筑设计研究院有限公司 Steel structure building group safety assessment method based on geometric and performance similarity
CN113505954A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-10-15 广东省建筑设计研究院有限公司 Steel structure building group safety assessment method based on geometric and performance similarity
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CN116629712A (en) * 2023-07-21 2023-08-22 武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园 Submarine shield tunnel construction quality risk assessment method based on PSO-BP neural network
CN116629712B (en) * 2023-07-21 2024-02-13 武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园 Submarine shield tunnel construction quality risk assessment method based on PSO-BP neural network
CN117390537A (en) * 2023-09-15 2024-01-12 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 Method and device for determining high-ground-stress rock burst or large-deformation easily-occurring grade of tunnel
CN117474340A (en) * 2023-11-17 2024-01-30 中电建铁路建设投资集团有限公司 Risk evaluation method and system for subway shield construction settlement

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