CN114545495A

CN114545495A - OVT trace gather processing method and device for PS wave seismic trace data and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN114545495A
Application number: CN202210126689.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王赟; 李颖达; 芦俊
Original assignee: Beijing Multi-Component Seismic Technology Research Institute
Current assignee: Beijing Multi-Component Seismic Technology Research Institute
Priority date: 2022-02-10
Filing date: 2022-02-10
Publication date: 2022-05-27

Abstract

The invention provides an OVT trace gather processing method and device for PS-wave seismic trace data and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: and mapping PS wave seismic channel data on a bin grid of the CCP, and determining virtual shot-geophone points of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid by taking a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the earth surface as a center, wherein the virtual shot-geophone points and original shot-geophone points of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid have the same shot-geophone distance. And correcting the hyperbolic time-distance relationship of the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data based on the travel of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone point reflected by the surface element grid, so that the conversion point reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid is positioned on the common center point of the corrected seismic channel data. Mapping PS wave seismic channel data on an offset line grid of the OVT, and performing OVT channel set extraction on the PS wave seismic channel data to obtain an OVT channel set of the PS wave seismic channel data, wherein the extraction information comprises: offset, azimuth, coordinates of CMP points, and travel time.

Description

OVT trace gather processing method and device for PS wave seismic trace data and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of seismic exploration technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for processing OVT gathers of PS-wave seismic trace data, and an electronic device.

Background

Wide azimuth, high density seismic exploration has become an important development in seismic exploration technology. The OVT technology is a novel surface element extraction and superposition technology for wide-azimuth seismic data, is a minimum data volume for underground uniform illumination imaging, reserves offset distance and azimuth angle information in wide-azimuth acquisition, and has been well applied to PP wave imaging. However, there is no corresponding mature technology for PS wave imaging, mainly due to the following two aspects: 1) firstly, the downstream wave of PS wave is P wave, the upstream wave is S wave, the corresponding ray path is asymmetric, and the PP wave OVT technology can not be directly applied; 2) secondly, the position of the switching point of the PS wave changes along with the depth change, and the OVT technology cannot be applied to the switching point.

For this reason, it is necessary to develop the application of OVT gathers for PS waves to image subsurface formation features at entirely new data angles.

Disclosure of Invention

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for processing a PS-wave seismic channel data gather, and an electronic device, which can perform OVT gather extraction on the PS-wave seismic channel data, so as to obtain seismic channel gather data from a completely new angle to image an underground geologic body.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present specification are implemented as follows:

in a first aspect, a method for gather processing of PS-wave seismic trace data is provided, including:

mapping PS wave seismic channel data on a bin grid of a CCP (combined sampling cycle), and determining a virtual shot-geophone point of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid by taking a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the earth surface as a center, wherein the virtual shot-geophone point and an original shot-geophone point of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid have the same shot-geophone distance;

correcting a time distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data from a non-hyperbolic to hyperbolic time distance relation based on the travel time of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone point reflected by the surface element grid, so that a conversion point reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid is positioned on a common central point of the corrected PS-wave seismic channel data;

mapping the PS-wave seismic channel data after time-distance curve correction on an offset line grid of the OVT, and performing OVT channel set extraction on the PS-wave seismic channel data to obtain an OVT channel set of the PS-wave seismic channel data, wherein the information extracted by the OVT channel set comprises: offset, azimuth, abscissa of CMP point, ordinate of CMP point, and travel time.

In a second aspect, there is provided a gather processing apparatus for PS-wave seismic trace data, comprising:

the CCP gather extraction module is used for mapping PS wave seismic channel data on a bin grid of a CCP, and determining virtual offset points of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid by taking a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the earth surface as a center, wherein the virtual offset points and original offset points of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid have the same offset;

the time sequence correction module is used for correcting the hyperbolic time-distance relationship of the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data based on the travel of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone points reflected by the surface element grid, so that the conversion points reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid are positioned on the common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic channel data;

an OVT gather extraction module, configured to map the PS-wave seismic trace data after time-distance curve correction on an offset line grid of the OVT, and perform OVT gather extraction on the PS-wave seismic trace data to obtain an OVT gather of the PS-wave seismic trace data, where information extracted by the OVT gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of CMP point, ordinate of CMP point, and travel time.

In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided that includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being executed by the processor to:

correcting the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data to a hyperbolic time-distance relation based on the travel time of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone point reflected by the surface element grid, so that a conversion point reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid is positioned on a common central point of the corrected PS-wave seismic channel data;

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:

mapping PS wave seismic channel data on a bin grid of a CCP (joint tracking), determining a virtual offset point of a relative bin grid of the PS wave seismic channel data, wherein the virtual offset point and an original offset point of the relative bin grid of the PS wave seismic channel data have the same offset distance, and taking a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the earth surface as a center;

According to the invention, the extraction of the CCP gather is firstly carried out on the PS wave, the time distance curve of the PS wave is corrected to the hyperbolic time distance relation on the basis of the CCP gather, the position of the conversion point of the PS wave is consistent with the central point of the virtual shot-geophone point, and the position of the conversion point can be represented by the central point of the virtual shot-geophone point, so that the PS wave seismic trace data after the time distance curve correction is mapped by utilizing a PP wave mode on the shot-geophone line grid of the OVT, the OVT gather extraction of the PS wave seismic trace data is suitable, and the PS wave OVT gather which is uniformly covered can be obtained. The invention not only images and carves the underground structure characteristics in a brand-new data angle, but also has higher imaging precision if the extracted PS wave OVT trace set is used for superposition imaging, and the dimension information is more than that of the traditional common offset imaging mode.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a trace gather processing method for PS-wave seismic trace data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating CCP gather extraction.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of equivalent C-wave conversion.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of OVT gathers of PS-wave seismic data.

Fig. 5 is an OVT bin offset and azimuth profile.

Fig. 6 is a PSV wave deflection profile.

FIG. 7 is a graph of OVT bin coverage for PS-wave seismic trace data.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an OVT azimuth gather of PS-wave seismic trace data.

FIG. 9 is an anisotropy-corrected migration profile for each PS-wave seismic trace data.

FIG. 10 is a diagram of an OVT imaging point gather of a PS-wave seismic trace data model.

FIG. 11 is a diagram of an actual data OVT imaging gather of PS-wave seismic trace data.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a comparison of imaging profiles of PS-wave seismic trace data.

FIG. 13 is a comparison view of fast and slow shear wave profiles for PS-wave seismic trace data.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a gather processing apparatus for PS-wave seismic trace data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present specification, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any inventive step should fall within the scope of protection of the present specification.

As mentioned above, the reason why the current PS wave lacks the corresponding mature technology in OVT gather imaging is mainly due to the following two aspects: 1) firstly, the downstream wave of PS wave is P wave, the upstream wave is S wave, the corresponding ray path is asymmetric, and the PP wave OVT technology can not be directly applied; 2) secondly, the position of the switching point of the PS wave changes along with the depth change, and the PP wave OVT technology cannot be applied to the switching point.

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an application scheme of an OVT gather for PS waves, and particularly, the OVT gather uniformly covered by PS waves can be extracted for superposition imaging. The imaging method has the advantages that the underground structure is imaged from a brand-new data angle, and compared with a traditional common offset imaging mode of PS waves, the imaging method has higher imaging accuracy due to the fact that dimension information is increased.

In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gather processing method for PS-wave seismic trace data, where fig. 1 is a flowchart of the gather processing method, and includes the following steps:

s102, PS wave seismic channel data are mapped on a bin grid of the CCP, virtual shot and geophone points of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid are determined by taking a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the earth surface as a center, and the virtual shot and geophone points have the same shot and geophone distance with original shot and geophone points of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid.

And S104, correcting the time distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data from a non-hyperbolic to hyperbolic time distance relation based on the travel time of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone point reflected by the surface element grid, so that the conversion point reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid is positioned on the common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic channel data.

It should be understood that the common center of the corrected seismic trace data is the common center of the equivalent C-waves.

S106, PS wave seismic channel data after time-distance curve correction are mapped on the offset line grid of the OVT, OVT channel set extraction is carried out on the PS wave seismic channel data, and an OVT channel set of the PS wave seismic channel data is obtained, wherein the information extracted by the OVT channel set comprises: offset, azimuth, abscissa of CMP point, ordinate of CMP point, and travel time.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the CCP gather is extracted from the PS wave, the time distance curve of the PS wave is corrected to the hyperbolic time distance relation on the basis of the CCP gather, the position of the conversion point of the PS wave is consistent with the central point of the virtual shot-geophone point, and the position of the conversion point can be represented by the central point of the virtual shot-geophone point, so that the PS wave seismic trace data after the time distance curve correction is mapped on the shot-geophone line grid of the OVT in a PP wave mode, the OVT gather extraction of the PS wave seismic trace data is suitable, and the uniformly covered PS wave OVT gather can be obtained. The invention not only images and carves the underground structure characteristics in a brand-new data angle, but also has higher imaging precision if the extracted PS wave OVT trace set is used for superposition imaging, and the dimension information is more than that of the traditional common offset imaging mode.

The principle of the method of the embodiment of the present invention is described below.

The invention aims to provide a novel method for extracting and imaging an OVT gather of PS waves (PS waves are abbreviated as PS waves in the text for seismic data) based on accurate turning points, and the PS waves can also use the related technology similar to PP waves while the imaging precision is improved. The main content of the method comprises: 1) calculating an accurate conversion point and converting an equivalent C wave; and extracting and imaging the PS wave OVT gather.

(1) PS wave accurate conversion point calculation and equivalent C wave conversion

The position of the switching point of the PS wave changes with the depth, and the projection of the switching point on a plane also changes with the depth. In the extraction process of the CCP gather, a common method is to search for a conversion point by using a bin division method, and quickly extract the CCP gather.

As shown in fig. 2, after PS wave seismic data is mapped to a CCP bin grid, a series of intersection points can be determined by connecting a connecting line between an asymptotic conversion point ACP and a detector point Receiver with an imaging grid, each intersection point can be used as a conversion point, and a bin to which every two intersection points belong is a seismic wave reflection bin (e.g., a shadow bin in the figure). According to the conversion point track equation (as shown by a green curve in the figure) on the depth domain, the PS wave reflection time t corresponding to each intersection point can be calculated and obtained as the travel time of the intersection point.

The travel time t is calculated as follows:

wherein,

is P wave root mean square velocity, Z₀As depth of the transition point, x_pAnd x' is the distance between the conversion point and the seismic source point in the original shot detection point. Seismic data at different reflection times are segmented into different bins.

Since the transition point is not the midpoint of the shot-geophone link, and is more than one, the shot-geophone point cannot be directly usedGun lines and detector lines to determine the cross arrangement. The virtual shot detection point is constructed by utilizing an equivalent C wave method to solve the problem. As shown in FIG. 3, the seismic wave excited by the seismic source S is reflected at the underground imaging point O and then transmitted to the R point of the surface geophone, the projection point of the O point on the surface is C, and the depth is Z₀The offset is 2 h. And (3) translating the shot detection point to the side of the detector to S 'and R' positions while keeping the size of the shot detection distance unchanged, wherein S 'and R' are respectively S, R virtual points, and C is the midpoint between S 'and R'. Assuming that the travel time of an original shot-inspection point is t, a calculation formula that the travel time of seismic waves which are excited from the virtual seismic source S ' to propagate to the imaging point O and are reflected back to the surface virtual detector R ' is t ' is as follows:

wherein,

t₀＝2Z₀/v_c，V_Pis the velocity of P wave, V_SIs the velocity of S wave, Z₀Is the depth of the transition point.

And moving the value of the corresponding point of the time t to the corresponding point of the time t' by constructing an equivalent C wave, thereby realizing the conversion of the PS wave time-distance curve from non-hyperbolic to hyperbolic.

2) Extraction and imaging of PS wave seismic data OVT channel set

And the central point after the offset of the shot detection coordinates is the position of a reflection point, and the reflection point is still positioned in the CCP imaging surface element before the shot detection moves. And extracting the OVT gather by using the offset coordinate information in a PP wave seismic data mode. Unlike PP waves, the projection of the reflection point location on a plane shifts laterally with depth, so that seismic data from the same set of shot-to-shot pairs are distributed over different cross-hairs.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of extraction of OVT gathers of PS-wave seismic data, assuming that a reflection point is located in a bin 1, and after the shot-geophone coordinates are translated, a shot line and a geophone line corresponding to a virtual shot point and a geophone point can be found, and a corresponding cross arrangement center 1' is determined. Similarly, when the reflection points are located in

bins

2, 3, 4, etc., the determined series of cross arrangements are centered at the blue circles. In this manner, seismic data from the same shot pair set is distributed to different cross-hairs.

By PS-wave OVT gather extraction, three-dimensional seismic data (longitudinal CMPx, transverse CMPy, time t) are sorted into five dimensions (offset, azimuth, CMPx, CMPy, t). The superposition imaging formula of PS wave seismic data based on OVT cross arrangement grids is as follows:

wherein, I (τ, X) is a relational image between τ and space coordinate X ═ X, y, z during self-excited self-collected travel, k is a gun line number, l is a detection line number, I is the number of the conversion point bin, and y is_xDenotes the abscissa, w, of the CMP point_k,l(x,y_y,y_x) Is the seismic source point S ═ S (S)_x,S_y) The demodulation point r ═ r (r)_x,r_y) Amplitude weighting function at space X ═ (X, y, z), u seismic data, δ () impulse function, T^#(X,s_y,r_x,i；v_c) As a velocity v of the equivalent C wave at a spatial coordinate X_cThe time duration from the source point to the imaging point to the detector point.

Based on the superposition imaging result of the OVT channel set corresponding to the PS wave seismic channel data, the underground structure characteristics can be identified while the azimuth angle and offset information is kept.

3) PS wave azimuthal anisotropy correction

When the PS wave is transmitted into an anisotropic medium, a transverse wave splitting phenomenon can occur, and a fast transverse wave PS1 and a slow transverse wave PS2 are generated; for HTI media containing a single set of vertical cracks, shear wave splitting can also be azimuthally dependent. In order to further improve the imaging quality, the influence of anisotropy needs to be corrected. Assuming that the fracture azimuth is phi, when the shot azimuth is theta, the relationship between the R component and the T component and the split PS1 wave and the split PS2 wave is:

wherein PS1(t) represents the fast transverse wave after splitting, PS2(t- Δ t) represents the slow transverse wave after splitting, Δ t is the time delay between the PS1 wave and the PS2 wave, and the fracture orientation φ is relative to u_T(t, theta) and (t) are obtained by extremum solving, wherein t is the travel time of the seismic waves, and R (t) and T (t) are respectively PS wave seismic data received along the radial direction and the tangential direction.

Based on the formula, the fast transverse waves and the slow transverse waves in the PS wave seismic channel data can be separated, and the anisotropy of the PS waves can be corrected;

wherein, the calculation of phi and delta t can solve the objective function u through parameter scanning_TObtaining an extreme value E (φ, Δ t) of (t, θ):

in order to keep the time difference between the PS1 wave and the PS2 wave, the crack orientation phi is substituted into a relational formula between the PS1 wave and the PS2 wave, and the split PS1 wave and the PS2 wave are obtained.

The flow of the OVT gather extraction and stacking technique for PS wave seismic data is shown in fig. 5. The invention performs extraction of the OVT gather of the PS-wave seismic data by using the assumption of equivalent C-wave on the basis of calculating the accurate conversion point. The method establishes a link between the processing of the PS wave OVT and the processing of the PP wave OVT, and provides a convenient and efficient new implementation method and technical route for the processing of the PS wave seismic data OVT.

Under the guidance of the method principle and the technical process, the method uses theoretical simulation data and actual data to carry out testing, and compared with the traditional treatment for analysis, the feasibility and the superiority of the method are further proved.

(1) Numerical model testing

To verify the correctness of the method, a three-dimensional inclined fault model (fig. 6) is designed, the model parameters are shown in table 1, the P-wave velocity, the S-wave velocity and the density of the horizon 1 are linearly increased, and the layer thickness interval is 80 m. A three-dimensional orthogonal wide azimuth observation system is adopted during collection, the line distance of a gun and the line distance of a detection are 50m, and the distance between guns and the distance between tracks are 50 m; a patch diagram of the observation system is shown in FIG. 7; the simulation used a 12Hz Rake wavelet with a 2ms sampling interval of 1251 samples.

TABLE 1 model parameter Table

Before OVT channel set superposition imaging, RT rotation and wave field separation (Lu et al, 2012) preprocessing work is carried out on the data, and converted PSV waves are obtained. Conventional processing only contains offset domain information, while each bin of the OVT has a specific offset and azimuth range, and therefore contains azimuth information in addition to offset. Taking this model as an example, after determining the size of the OVT bin, the offset and the azimuth corresponding to the center position of the bin shown in fig. 5 can be calculated according to the bin numbers.

The size of the selected surface element is 100 x 100m when the OVT gather is extracted. The original PSV wave data has regular shot-check distribution and uniform spatial sampling, and a better imaging result can be obtained by direct migration as shown in the left part of fig. 6. And after the PSV wave seismic data of each channel is subjected to conversion point calculation and equivalent C wave conversion, the OVT channel set can be sorted. Imaging was performed using the formula (τ, X) after OVT gather sorting was completed, and the resulting imaging profile is shown in the middle portion of fig. 6. The imaging section processed by the method is basically the same as the conventionally processed section, but less imaging noise is obtained.

Compared with traditional ACP point-based PS wave OVT processing methods such as Bale and the like, the method not only realizes uniform illumination in space, but also improves imaging quality. The left part of fig. 7 is a coverage number graph of PP wave OVT bins, which achieves uniform and complete coverage throughout the work area. Middle and right parts of fig. 7The frequency results of OVT bin coverage are obtained by the conventional ACP method (i.e., the PS wave OVT processing method based on ACP points) and the OVT binning. In the ACP method, V is selected_P/V _S2, i.e. an OVT bin size of 150m 75 m. By comparison, the method achieves uniform coverage in space with the OVT of the PP wave, and the coverage times of the ACP method are greatly different at different positions. In addition, the ACP point cannot accurately describe the position of the transition point, and the consistency of the reflection point in the shallow OVT bin is poor, so that in-phase superposition cannot be accurately performed, and the imaging effect is further affected. Under the common influence of the above factors, compared with the extraction of the OVT trace set by taking the ACP point as a reference, it is obviously observed from the imaging sectional view that there is a significant disadvantage in imaging at the first reflection interface (corresponding to the arrow in fig. 6).

In addition, significant anisotropic features were also observed on the OVT imaged gathers (fig. 11) due to the inclusion of azimuthal information, influenced by the second layer of HTI media. Because the PS wave has the characteristics of low frequency and signal-to-noise ratio, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the imaging gather is relatively low, the computed fracture azimuth is more accurate, and the calibration of anisotropy is carried out on an OVT azimuth gather. We select a 30 interval to superimpose the shifted gathers. On the OVT azimuth trace, the in-phase axis (1800ms) appears as a "trigonometric" jitter of the SV wave as shown in the upper left portion of fig. 8, with a period of 180 °, and phase reversals of the SH wave every 90 ° as shown in the upper right portion of fig. 8. We use the formula

And (3) performing fast and slow wave separation, correcting the time difference of fast and slow transverse waves, eliminating the influence of azimuth anisotropy, and leveling the in-phase axis again as shown in the lower left part and the lower right part of the graph 8. The azimuth gathers from which the periodic jitter is removed are superimposed to finally obtain the imaging profile shown in fig. 9. After the anisotropy correction, the last reflection interface bit is compared to the one before the anisotropy correction (middle part of FIG. 6)The longitudinal resolution at the location (arrow in the middle part of fig. 6) is significantly improved.

(2) Actual data testing

The method is applied to the PS wave processing of the omnibearing three-dimensional three-component seismic data in the Anhui Huainan coal field. During the work area acquisition, the designed shot spacing and track spacing are 40m, the shot line spacing and the detection line spacing are 90m, and the shot detection coordinate distribution is shown in figure 10. Before OVT gather extraction, preprocessing such as RT rotation is carried out on the three-component seismic data. The OVT surface element size of the PS wave is also set to be twice the line distance of the gun, namely 180 m.

And after conversion point calculation and equivalent C wave conversion are carried out on each channel of seismic data of the R component, sorting of the OVT channel set can be carried out. After the OVT sorting, the spatial sampling becomes uniform, imaging is carried out by using a formula I (tau, X), an imaging gather is shown in figure 11, and the energy difference of far and near offset distances becomes small. The OVT-processed overlay imaging profile is shown in the right part of fig. 12, and compared to the directly offset overlay profile shown in the left part of fig. 12, the offset noise is reduced, the profile is clearer, and the resolution is improved.

The actual underground medium condition is complex, fractures with different sizes and orientations are developed from shallow to deep in coal-series stratum, and PS1 waves and PS2 waves split from deep stratum are subjected to multiple splitting of overlying stratum. Therefore, the method for peeling the layers of the sliding window is adopted, and a formula is utilized

The effect of anisotropy is reduced by 60ms sliding window layer-by-layer lift-off and correction. The overlapping cross sections before and after separation of the fast and slow shear waves of the OVT imaging gathers at the adjacent survey line positions are shown in FIG. 13. Compared with the R, T component imaging section before separation, the quality of the section is improved, and particularly the shallow layer imaging effect is obviously improved.

In addition, for the method shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present specification further provides a trace gather processing device for PS-wave seismic trace data. Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a gather processing apparatus 1400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, including:

the CCP gather extraction module 1410 is configured to map PS-wave seismic channel data on a bin grid of a CCP, and determine virtual offset points of the PS-wave seismic channel data on the corresponding bin grid with respect to a projection point of an imaging point of the PS-wave seismic channel data on the earth surface as a center, where the virtual offset points and original offset points of the PS-wave seismic channel data on the corresponding bin grid have the same offset.

And the time sequence correction module 1420 is configured to correct the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data to the hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual offset point reflected by the surface element grid, so that the conversion point reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid is located at the common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic channel data.

An OVT gather extraction module 1430, configured to map the PS-wave seismic trace data after time-distance curve correction on the offset line grid of the OVT, perform OVT gather extraction on the PS-wave seismic trace data, and obtain an OVT gather of the PS-wave seismic trace data, where information extracted by the OVT gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of CMP point, ordinate of CMP point, and travel time.

Obviously, the apparatus of the embodiment of the present specification may be used as the execution subject of the method shown in fig. 1, and thus can implement the steps and functions of the method implemented in fig. 1. Since the principle is the same, the detailed description is omitted

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present specification. Referring to fig. 5, at a hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, and optionally further includes an internal bus, a network interface, and a memory. The Memory may include a Memory, such as a Random-Access Memory (RAM), and may further include a non-volatile Memory, such as at least 1 disk Memory. Of course, the electronic device may also include hardware required for other services.

The processor, the network interface, and the memory may be connected to each other via an internal bus, which may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one double-headed arrow is shown in FIG. 5, but this does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.

And the memory is used for storing programs. In particular, the program may include program code comprising computer operating instructions. The memory may include both memory and non-volatile storage and provides instructions and data to the processor.

The processor reads a corresponding computer program from the nonvolatile memory into the memory and then runs the computer program to form the gather processing device of the PS-wave seismic channel data on a logic level. Correspondingly, the processor executes the program stored in the memory, and is specifically configured to perform the following operations:

the method comprises the steps of mapping PS wave seismic channel data on a bin grid of a CCP, and determining virtual shot and geophone points of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid by taking a projection point of an imaging point of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the earth surface as a center, wherein the virtual shot and geophone points have the same shot and geophone distance as original shot and geophone points of the PS wave seismic channel data relative to the bin grid.

And correcting the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data to the hyperbolic time-distance relation based on the travel time of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone point reflected by the surface element grid, so that the conversion point reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid is positioned on the common central point of the corrected PS-wave seismic channel data.

The method disclosed in the embodiment of fig. 1 in this specification can be applied to a processor and implemented by the processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software. The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and a processor reads information in the memory and completes the steps of the method in combination with hardware of the processor.

It should be understood that the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present invention may enable the service processing apparatus to implement the steps and functions corresponding to those in the method shown in fig. 1. Since the principle is the same, the detailed description is omitted here.

Of course, besides the software implementation, the electronic device in this specification does not exclude other implementations, such as logic devices or a combination of software and hardware, and the like, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, and may also be hardware or logic devices.

Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions.

Wherein the instructions, when executed by a portable electronic device comprising a plurality of applications, enable the portable electronic device to perform the steps of the method shown in fig. 1, including:

And correcting the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data from a non-hyperbolic to hyperbolic time-distance relationship based on the travel time of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone point reflected by the surface element grid, so that the conversion point reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid is positioned on the common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic channel data.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.

The above description is only an example of the present specification, and is not intended to limit the present specification. Various modifications and alterations to this description will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the present specification. Moreover, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step shall fall within the scope of protection of this document.

Claims

1. An OVT gather processing method for PS-wave seismic trace data, comprising:

2. The method of claim 1,

correcting a time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data based on the travel time of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone point reflected by the surface element grid, wherein the correction comprises the following steps:

determining a plurality of intersection points generated by connecting lines between asymptotic conversion points and detector points corresponding to the PS-wave seismic channel data and a surface element grid as projections of the conversion points of the PS-wave seismic channel data on the ground;

and replacing the travel time of the original shot-geophone point corresponding to the conversion point in the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data with the travel time of the corresponding virtual shot-geophone point so as to correct the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic trace data.

3. The method of claim 2,

travel time of corresponding original shot-geophone point to conversion point in time-distance curve of PS wave seismic channel data

Wherein,

root mean square velocity of P-wave, z depth of transition point, x_pThe distance from the conversion point to the seismic source point in the original shot-examination point, and the distance from the conversion point to the wave-detecting point in the original shot-examination point.

4. The method of claim 3,

travel time of corresponding virtual shot-geophone point to conversion point in time-distance curve of PS wave seismic channel data

Wherein,

t₀＝2Z₀/v_c，V_Pis the velocity of P wave, V_SIs the velocity of S wave, Z₀The corresponding depth for the conversion point.

5. The method of claim 3,

performing superposition imaging on the OVT gather of the PS wave seismic channel data; and the number of the first and second groups,

and identifying the underground structure characteristics based on the superposition imaging result of the OVT channel set corresponding to the PS wave seismic channel data.

6. The method of claim 5,

the formula for performing stack imaging on OVT gathers of PS-wave seismic trace data is as follows:

wherein, I (tau, X) is a relation image between tau-space coordinate X ═ X, y, z during self-excitation and self-collection travel, k is a gun line number, l is a detection line number, I is the number of the conversion point imaging surface element, y is_xDenotes the abscissa, y, of the CMP point_yDenotes the ordinate, w, of the CMP point_k，l(x，y_y，y_x) Is the seismic source point S ═ S (S)_x，S_y) The demodulation point r ═ r (r)_x，r_y) Amplitude weighting function at space X ═ (X, y, z), u seismic data, δ () impulse function, T^#(X，s_y，r_x，i；v_c) As a velocity v of the equivalent C wave at a spatial coordinate X_cThe time duration from the source point to the imaging point to the detector point.

7. The method of claim 1,

after obtaining OVT gather of PS wave seismic trace data, the method further comprises the following steps:

based on the formula

Carrying out azimuth anisotropy correction on the PS wave seismic channel data;

8. A trace gather processing apparatus for PS-wave seismic trace data, comprising:

the time sequence correction module is used for correcting the time-distance curve of the PS-wave seismic channel data to a hyperbolic time-distance relation based on the travel time of the PS-wave seismic channel data at the virtual shot-geophone points reflected by the surface element grid, so that the conversion points reflected by the PS-wave seismic channel data relative to the surface element grid are positioned on the common center point of the corrected PS-wave seismic channel data;

an OVT gather extraction module, configured to map the PS-wave seismic trace data after time-distance curve correction on an offset line grid of the OVT, perform OVT gather extraction on the PS-wave seismic trace data, and obtain an OVT gather of the PS-wave seismic trace data, where information extracted by the OVT gather includes: offset, azimuth, abscissa of CMP point, ordinate of CMP point, and travel time.

9. An electronic device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being executed by the processor to:

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of: