CN114544396A - Method for testing and evaluating structural deformation performance of steel-composite material anti-collision facility - Google Patents
Method for testing and evaluating structural deformation performance of steel-composite material anti-collision facility Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for testing and evaluating the structural deformation performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility; belonging to the field of road and bridge anti-collision facility test. The method adopts a high-speed camera as deformation monitoring equipment, utilizes impact equipment to carry out impact test on the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, and adopts the high-speed camera to obtain the residual deformation value of the center point of a steel plate in front of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility; calculating the integral average value of the deformation time-course curve of the central point of the back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility in the oscillation process after the impact is finished, and taking the integral average value as the residual deformation value of the central point of the back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility; evaluation was performed according to the two values of residual deformation. The method integrates a plurality of characteristic indexes of structural deformation, has clear testing steps and strong operability, has advantages in the aspects of economy and generalization, and can powerfully supplement the blank of the existing structural deformation performance testing and evaluating system in the field of anti-collision facilities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for testing and evaluating the structural deformation performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility; belonging to the field of road and bridge anti-collision facility test.
Background
With the increasing number of bridges and the increasing demand of shipping, the probability that the bridge piers of the airway bridge are impacted by ships is greatly increased, and the accident of collision of the bridge piers caused by multiple ships appears at home and abroad. The accident of ship collision not only threatens the traffic safety of ships, but also seriously affects the operation safety of bridges, brings huge personal safety threat and property loss, and sometimes causes ecological disasters.
In order to reduce economic loss caused by accidents such as ship-bridge collision and the like and improve the safety of public infrastructure, pier column anti-collision facilities combining steel and fiber composite materials (namely steel-composite materials) are generally installed on channel bridges at present, and the pier column anti-collision facilities comprise a fixed type pier column anti-collision facility and a floating type pier column anti-collision facility. However, the steel-composite material anti-collision facilities produced by various manufacturers have uneven product quality, unknown structural deformation performance and uncertain protection effect. The product quality standard is lost, and a unified evaluation system is not established. Designers have difficulty in formulating a scheme for a bridge anti-collision facility.
In a patent document with publication number CN214363304U, a steel-clad composite self-floating pier anti-collision facility is disclosed, which comprises a composite shell segment, an anti-collision frame and a flange plate, and the anti-collision facility can adjust the protection height along with the change of the water surface; the protection performance of the anti-collision facility in the patent is not clear, the deformation performance of the structure after the ship is impacted is unknown, and the anti-collision facility is difficult to compare and select with other anti-collision facilities.
In patent document CN214301462U, a steel-clad composite collision avoidance facility is disclosed; the anti-collision device is connected with two anti-collision blocks through the C-shaped clamping grooves, so that the anti-collision blocks are attached to a pier column; the deformation degree of the structure in the patent under the impact action of different degrees has no measuring index, the deformation performance of the structure cannot be intuitively obtained, and the protection effect in actual use is difficult to determine.
In conclusion, the deformation performance of the anti-collision facility structure is an important embodiment of the anti-collision facility structure on the protection capability of the bridge pier after the ship is impacted. The structural deformation performance of the anti-collision facility is insufficient, so that the ship and the bridge pier column are directly collided, the anti-collision facility is difficult to use secondarily after low-energy collision, and the replacement, installation and construction amount and economic cost are increased. Therefore, the method for testing and evaluating the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is necessary, plays an important guiding role in the formulation of the bridge pier stud anti-collision design scheme, and has important significance in the further popularization and application of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing and evaluating structural deformation performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for testing the structural deformation performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility, which comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a steel-composite material anti-collision facility, and arranging a displacement sensor at the central point of a back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility; a high-speed camera is adopted as deformation monitoring equipment, the high-speed camera is arranged at a corresponding position on the side surface of a support frame of the anti-collision facility, and the camera of the high-speed camera is laterally aligned with the central point of a front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
performing an impact test on the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by using impact equipment, and selecting the impact strength of the impact equipment according to the structural mechanical property of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, wherein the impact equipment impacts the central point of a front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
step three, after the impact equipment impacts the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, acquiring a residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by using a high-speed camera1；
Acquiring a deformation time-course curve of the center point of the steel plate on the back of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by adopting a displacement sensor; calculating the integral average value of the deformation time-course curve of the central point of the back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility in the oscillation process after the impact is finished, and taking the integral average value as the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility2Namely:
in the formula:
the total time of the oscillation process of the deformation time curve of the central point of the steel plate at the back of the t-steel-composite material anti-collision facility after the impact is finished, wherein t is t2-t1；
t1-the starting time of the oscillation process after the end of the impact of the deformation time curve of the steel-composite crash facility back steel panel centre point;
t2-steel-composite materialThe deformation time-course curve of the central point of the steel plate on the back of the anti-collision facility is the ending time of the oscillation process after the impact is ended;
the deformation amount of a deformation time curve of the central point of the steel plate on the back of the delta D-steel-composite material anti-collision facility at a certain moment in the oscillation process after the impact is finished;
and (3) time integral quantity of the deformation time course curve of the central point of the steel plate at the back of the dt-steel-composite material anti-collision facility in the oscillation process after the impact is finished.
The method for testing the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is based on the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility measured according to the third step and the fourth step1And residual deformation value delta d of center point of back steel plate of steel-composite material anti-collision facility2(ii) a The evaluation method is as follows:
step one, if the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the anti-collision facility is less than 0.1h, the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is good, and h is the thickness of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
step two, if the residual deformation value of the central point of the anti-collision facility is more than 0.1h and less than delta d and less than 0.2h, the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is medium, and h is the thickness of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
and step three, if the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the anti-collision facility is more than 0.2h, the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is poor, and h is the thickness of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility.
According to the method for testing the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is arranged on the anti-collision facility support frame, and the collision surface of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility on the anti-collision facility support frame faces to the impact equipment.
According to the method for testing the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, the anti-collision facility support comprises an upper horizontal cross brace, a lower horizontal cross brace, a vertical rigid frame and an inclined brace; the two vertical rigid frames are parallel to each other and are erected, and an upper horizontal cross brace and a lower horizontal cross brace are arranged on the vertical rigid frames; the vertical rigid frame is supported by an inclined strut; the steel-composite material anti-collision facilities are arranged on the upper horizontal cross brace and the lower horizontal cross brace.
Advantageous effects
The method for testing and evaluating the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility integrates a plurality of characteristic indexes of structural deformation, has clear testing steps and strong operability, has advantages in the aspects of economy and generalization, and can powerfully supplement the blank of the existing structural deformation performance testing and evaluating system in the field of anti-collision facilities.
In the aspect of the test method, the test facilities adopted by the method are simple, the occupied area is small, the sensors are common, the related facilities are convenient to prepare, the method can adapt to the test work of the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facilities with different sizes and different structural arrangement forms, and has good popularization. The support frame for the anti-collision facilities is designed for testing the deformation performance of the structure in a targeted manner, and the influence of the support device on the deformation of the anti-collision facilities is reduced to the minimum. The evaluation index of the structural deformation performance of the anti-collision facility is convenient to acquire. The testing process adopts a semi-automatic form, is triggered by testers, automatically acquires and records by a sensor, has a long distance between the testers, is high in safety and is easy to operate.
In the aspect of the evaluation method, the steps of the evaluation method provided by the method are clear and easy to implement, the evaluation index is based on the residual deformation values of the front steel plate and the rear steel plate, is a structural deformation reference index which is provided after a large number of evaluation experiences are summarized, has high generality and representativeness, is visual and clear, and can reflect the structural characteristics.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the test evaluation method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the impact testing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a layout diagram and connection diagram of the sensors according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in the figure: the invention provides a test and evaluation method for structural deformation performance of a steel-composite material anti-collision facility, wherein a test device adopted by the test and evaluation method comprises an anti-collision facility support frame 1, a pendulum bob device 2, a steel-composite material anti-collision facility 3 and a data acquisition system 4.
The pendulum device 2 includes a weight punch 21, a mass weight 22, and a boom 23. The top end of the pendulum device 2 is provided with a hinged part.
The anti-collision facility support frame 1 comprises an upper horizontal cross brace 11, a lower horizontal cross brace 12, a vertical rigid frame 13 and an inclined brace 14. The steel-composite material anti-collision facility 4 for testing is arranged between an upper horizontal cross brace 11 and a lower horizontal cross brace 12 of the anti-collision facility support frame 1.
As shown in the figure: the data acquisition system 4 adopted by the test evaluation method comprises a high-speed camera 31, a displacement sensor 32, a data acquisition instrument 33 and a data storage device 34. The high-speed camera 31 is positioned at one side of the support frame 1 of the anti-collision facility, and the displacement sensor 32 is positioned right behind the steel-composite material anti-collision facility 4; the high-speed camera 31 and the displacement sensor 32 are connected with the data input end of the data acquisition instrument 33 through data lines; an output of the data collector 33 is connected to an input of a data storage device 34.
The first embodiment is as follows:
step one, a certain number of mass balancing weights 22 are installed on the pendulum bob device 2 to enable the mass of the pendulum bob device to reach 1000 kg.
The steel-composite material anti-collision facility 4 is arranged on the upper horizontal cross brace 11 and the lower horizontal cross brace 12 of the anti-collision facility support frame 1, and the displacement sensor 32 is arranged right behind the central point of the back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility 4. The displacement sensor 32 is: laser rangefinder displacement sensor. The high-speed cameras 31 are arranged at corresponding positions on the side surfaces of the support frame 1 of the anti-collision facility, and the cameras are aligned with the center points of the front steel plates of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility 4.
The data of the high-speed camera 31 and the displacement sensor 32 are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument 33, and after signal processing, the data enter the data storage device 34 for storage.
Numbering and fixing certain type of steel-composite material anti-collision facilities with the thickness of 300 mm; according to the structural mechanical property of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility of the type, a proper pendulum mass is selected to be 1000kg, the impact height is 0.459m, and the theoretical speed when the pendulum swings to the lowest point is 3 m/s. The 1000kg pendulum bob is lifted to the height of 0.459m by the chain block, the unhooking device is released to enable the pendulum bob to freely swing downwards around the fixed hinge at the upper end, and the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob is converted into kinetic energy in the motion process. The pendulum bob swings downwards from the height, and collides with the steel-composite material anti-collision facility to carry out one-time impact loading on the steel-composite material anti-collision facility; and each sensor collects data such as displacement, deformation images and the like in the pendulum bob impact loading process and transmits the data to the data storage equipment for storage.
Thirdly, after the pendulum with the mass of 1000kg is impacted and loaded by the lower pendulum with the height of 0.459m and the weight of the pendulum with the thickness h of 300mm is impacted and loaded by the heavy punch in the pendulum device, acquiring the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by adopting a high-speed camera after the heavy punch in the pendulum device impacts the front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility1＝16.3mm。
And step four, acquiring a deformation time-course curve of the center point of the steel plate on the back side of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by adopting a displacement sensor. Calculating the integral average value of the deformation time course curve in the oscillation process after the deformation is finished to obtain the residual deformation value of the central point of the steel plate at the back of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility
Step five, comparing delta d by the residual deformation values obtained in the step three and the step four1＞Δd2The residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is delta d1＝16.3mm。
And step six, the thickness h of the steel-composite material collision avoidance facility is 300mm, the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the steel-composite material collision avoidance facility is less than 0.1h and is 30mm, and the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material collision avoidance facility is good.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The method for testing the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, arranging a steel-composite material anti-collision facility, and arranging a displacement sensor at the central point of a back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility; a high-speed camera is adopted as deformation monitoring equipment, the high-speed camera is arranged at a corresponding position on the side surface of a support frame of the anti-collision facility, and the camera of the high-speed camera is laterally aligned with the central point of a front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
performing an impact test on the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by using impact equipment, and selecting the impact strength of the impact equipment according to the structural mechanical property of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, wherein the impact equipment impacts the central point of a front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
step three, after the impact equipment impacts the steel-composite material anti-collision facility, acquiring a residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the front steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by using a high-speed camera1；
Acquiring a deformation time-course curve of the center point of the steel plate on the back of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility by adopting a displacement sensor; calculating the integral average value of the deformation time-course curve of the central point of the back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility in the oscillation process after the impact is finished, and taking the integral average value as the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the back steel plate of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility2Namely:
in the formula:
the total time of the oscillation process of the deformation time curve of the central point of the steel plate at the back of the t-steel-composite material anti-collision facility after the impact is finished, wherein t is t2-t1；
t1-the starting time of the oscillation process after the end of the impact of the deformation time curve of the steel-composite crash facility back steel panel centre point;
t2-the end time of the oscillation process after the end of the impact for the deformation time course curve of the steel-composite crash facility back steel plate centre point;
the deformation amount of a deformation time curve of the central point of the steel plate on the back of the delta D-steel-composite material anti-collision facility at a certain moment in the oscillation process after the impact is finished;
and (3) measuring the time integral quantity of the oscillation process of the deformation time curve of the central point of the steel plate at the back of the dt-steel-composite material anti-collision facility after the impact is finished.
2. The method for testing the structural deformation performance of a steel-composite material crash barrier according to claim 1, wherein the residual deformation value Δ d of the center point of the front steel plate of the steel-composite material crash barrier is measured based on the third step and the fourth step1And residual deformation value delta d of center point of back steel plate of steel-composite material anti-collision facility2(ii) a The evaluation method is as follows:
step one, if the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the anti-collision facility is less than 0.1h, the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is good, and h is the thickness of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility;
step two, if the residual deformation value of the central point of the anticollision facility is 0.1h < delta d <0.2h, the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anticollision facility is medium, and h is the thickness of the steel-composite material anticollision facility;
and step three, if the residual deformation value delta d of the central point of the anti-collision facility is greater than 0.2h, the structural deformation performance of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is poor, and h is the thickness of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility.
3. The method for testing the structural deformation performance of a steel-composite material crash barrier according to claim 1, wherein: the steel-composite material anti-collision facility is arranged on the anti-collision facility support frame, and the collision surface of the steel-composite material anti-collision facility on the anti-collision facility support frame faces the impact equipment.
4. The method for testing the structural deformation performance of a steel-composite material crash barrier according to claim 3, wherein: the anti-collision facility support comprises an upper horizontal cross brace, a lower horizontal cross brace, a vertical rigid frame and an inclined brace; the two vertical rigid frames are parallel to each other and are erected, and an upper horizontal cross brace and a lower horizontal cross brace are arranged on the vertical rigid frames; the vertical rigid frame is supported by an inclined strut; the steel-composite material anti-collision facilities are arranged on the upper horizontal cross brace and the lower horizontal cross brace.
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