CN114543734A - Method for measuring slab taper - Google Patents
Method for measuring slab taper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114543734A CN114543734A CN202210124700.6A CN202210124700A CN114543734A CN 114543734 A CN114543734 A CN 114543734A CN 202210124700 A CN202210124700 A CN 202210124700A CN 114543734 A CN114543734 A CN 114543734A
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- Prior art keywords
- longitudinal
- taper
- transverse
- track lines
- measuring
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/30—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the taper of a plate blank, which comprises the following steps: s3: adjusting the detection sensors to a plurality of transverse track lines and enabling the detection sensors to be in contact with the starting ends of the transverse track lines, and enabling the detection sensors to transversely move to the end points of the transverse track lines through the transverse dynamic structure; transmitting the measured continuous data to a taper model of an upper computer through a data transmission line; s4: adjusting the detection sensors to the plurality of longitudinal track lines again, and enabling the detection sensors to be in contact with the starting point ends of the longitudinal track lines, wherein the longitudinal dynamic structure enables the detection sensors to transversely move to the end point ends of the longitudinal track lines; transmitting the measured continuous data to the taper model of the upper computer again through the data transmission line; compared with the traditional detection method adopting a displacement sensor, the method has the advantages of high precision, more comprehensive measurement and high reliability of detection data, is very convenient and fast to operate, and is suitable for surface coating detection, surface flatness analysis and taper measurement of various plate blanks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring taper, in particular to a method for measuring taper of a plate blank, and belongs to the technical field of machining detection.
Background
The slab is a kind of billet, which is formed by continuous casting of molten steel by a continuous casting machine, generally, the slab with a casting blank width-thickness ratio of more than 3 is called slab, which is mainly used for rolling a plate, but rolling is not started yet, and the slab cast by the continuous casting machine has the following dimensions: the thickness is 150-250 mm, and the width is 1000-1800 mm; the width of the small plate blank can be 600mm, the thickness of the small plate blank can be 120mm, and the plate blank thickness is less than 100 mm.
The taper is required to be measured in the slab reprocessing process, a taper measuring instrument is mostly utilized, a high-precision linear displacement sensor is utilized to accurately measure the taper of the inner wall of a copper pipe of a steelmaking continuous casting crystallizer, the taper measuring instrument is one of essential tools in steelmaking process equipment, the slab taper measuring instrument is used for measuring the change value of the inner wall of the copper pipe by utilizing the high-precision displacement sensor on a measuring trolley of the taper measuring instrument, most of the existing slab taper measuring instruments adopt the displacement sensor to detect, the measuring method is low in measuring precision, the slab is of a three-dimensional structure, the effectiveness of single plane data is difficult to guarantee, the displacement sensor is utilized, the slab taper measuring instrument can be influenced by the distance of the slope, the measuring precision is greatly reduced, and therefore, the slab taper measuring method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring slab taper, which aims to solve the problems that most of the existing slab taper instruments in the background technology adopt displacement sensors for detection, the measurement mode is low in measurement accuracy, single plane data is difficult to guarantee effectiveness due to the fact that a slab is of a three-dimensional structure, and the displacement sensors are influenced by the distance of a slope, so that the measurement accuracy is greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method of measuring the taper of a slab comprising the steps of:
s1: according to the length and the width of the slab, a measuring area is divided on the horizontal base station, equidistant longitudinal and transverse track lines are planned in the measuring area, and the number of the longitudinal and transverse track lines is related to the length and the width of the slab;
s2: placing the plate blank at a measuring area of a horizontal base station, enabling the outer contour line of the plate blank to be overlapped with the boundary line of the measuring area, and carrying out adsorption positioning on the plate blank by utilizing a vacuum adsorption principle;
s3: adjusting the detection sensors to a plurality of transverse track lines and enabling the detection sensors to be in contact with the starting ends of the transverse track lines, and enabling the detection sensors to transversely move to the end points of the transverse track lines through the transverse dynamic structure; transmitting the measured continuous data to a taper model of an upper computer through a data transmission line;
s4: adjusting the detection sensors to the plurality of longitudinal track lines again, and enabling the detection sensors to be in contact with the starting point ends of the longitudinal track lines, wherein the longitudinal dynamic structure enables the detection sensors to transversely move to the end point ends of the longitudinal track lines; transmitting the measured continuous data to the taper model of the upper computer again through a data transmission line;
s5: and the upper computer fuses the transverse taper model and the longitudinal taper model into an integral taper model by using a model fusion algorithm, and calculates and analyzes the wear condition of the plating layer on the surface of the plate blank, the surface flatness and the surface taper data.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the content of the correlation between the number of the vertical and horizontal track lines and the width of the slab is as follows:
and when the remainder is greater than 7, the number of the longitudinal track lines and the number of the transverse track lines are increased by one, otherwise, the longitudinal track lines and the transverse track lines are kept unchanged, and the number of the longitudinal track lines and the number of the transverse track lines are equal to the number of the detection sensors.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection sensor is a high-voltage shock wave excitation probe generated by a transmission circuit, and is capable of generating an ultrasonic transmission pulse wave, the pulse wave is reflected by the medium interface and then received by a receiving circuit, and the value of the sample is obtained by multiplying the propagation speed of the sound wave in the sample by half of the time of passing through the sample.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moving speed of the lateral dynamic structure driving detection sensor is 20 seconds divided by the length of the lateral track line, and the moving speed of the longitudinal dynamic structure driving detection sensor is 10 seconds divided by the length of the longitudinal track line.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the device for measuring the slab taper method comprises a horizontal base station, a vacuum adsorption structure, a gantry moving frame, a detection sensor, an upper computer, a transverse power structure and a longitudinal power structure, wherein the horizontal base station is arranged at the bottom of the gantry moving frame, the detection sensor is arranged on the longitudinal power structure at the bottom of a beam of the gantry moving frame through a connecting beam, the transverse power structure is connected with a supporting beam of the gantry moving frame, and the detection sensor is in data connection with the upper computer through a transmission cable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the transverse power structure and the longitudinal power structure are positioned in a servo motor to drive the screw rod to move.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a method for measuring the taper of a plate blank, which comprises the steps of generating ultrasonic emission pulse waves by a high-pressure shock wave excitation probe to measure the transverse and longitudinal thickness of the plate blank, constructing a transverse taper model and a longitudinal taper model according to a longitudinal and transverse track line, obtaining an integral taper model by utilizing a fusion algorithm, obtaining the wear condition of a coating on the surface of the plate blank, the surface flatness and the surface taper data according to a relation between the taper and the inclination by utilizing the powerful calculation and analysis capability of a computer, and compared with the traditional detection method which adopts a displacement sensor for detection, the method has the advantages of high precision, more comprehensive measurement and high reliability of detection data, is very convenient to operate, and is suitable for surface coating detection, surface flatness analysis and taper measurement of various plate blanks.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme of a method for measuring slab taper, which comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the length and the width of the slab, a measuring area is divided on the horizontal base station, equidistant longitudinal and transverse track lines are planned in the measuring area, and the number of the longitudinal and transverse track lines is related to the length and the width of the slab;
s2: placing the plate blank at a measuring area of a horizontal base station, enabling the outer contour line of the plate blank to be overlapped with the boundary line of the measuring area, and carrying out adsorption positioning on the plate blank by utilizing a vacuum adsorption principle;
s3: adjusting the detection sensors to a plurality of transverse track lines and enabling the detection sensors to be in contact with the starting ends of the transverse track lines, and enabling the detection sensors to transversely move to the end points of the transverse track lines through the transverse dynamic structure; transmitting the measured continuous data to a taper model of an upper computer through a data transmission line;
s4: adjusting the detection sensors to the plurality of longitudinal track lines again, and enabling the detection sensors to be in contact with the starting point ends of the longitudinal track lines, wherein the longitudinal dynamic structure enables the detection sensors to transversely move to the end point ends of the longitudinal track lines; transmitting the measured continuous data to the taper model of the upper computer again through the data transmission line;
s5: and the upper computer fuses the transverse taper model and the longitudinal taper model into an integral taper model by using a model fusion algorithm, and calculates and analyzes the wear condition of the plating layer on the surface of the plate blank, the surface flatness and the surface taper data.
The number of the longitudinal and transverse track lines is related to the width of the slab as follows:
and when the remainder is greater than 7, the number of the longitudinal track lines and the number of the transverse track lines are increased by one, otherwise, the longitudinal track lines and the transverse track lines are kept unchanged, and the number of the longitudinal track lines and the number of the transverse track lines are equal to the number of the detection sensors.
The detection sensor is a high-voltage shock wave excitation probe generated by a transmitting circuit and can generate ultrasonic transmitting pulse waves, the pulse waves are reflected by a medium interface and then received by a receiving circuit, and the numerical value of the sample is obtained according to the propagation speed of the sound waves in the sample multiplied by half of the time of passing through the sample.
The moving speed of the transverse dynamic structure driving detection sensor is the length of the transverse track line divided by 20 seconds, and the moving speed of the longitudinal dynamic structure driving detection sensor is the length of the longitudinal track line divided by 10 seconds.
The device for measuring the slab taper comprises a horizontal base station, a vacuum adsorption structure, a gantry moving frame, a detection sensor, an upper computer, a transverse power structure and a longitudinal power structure, wherein the horizontal base station is arranged at the bottom of the gantry moving frame, the detection sensor is arranged on the longitudinal power structure at the bottom of the gantry moving frame through a connecting cross beam, the transverse power structure is connected with a supporting beam of the gantry moving frame, the detection sensor is in data connection with the upper computer through a transmission cable, and the transverse power structure and the longitudinal power structure are homodromous and are driven by a servo motor to move.
Example one
Selecting a plate blank with the width of 1000mm and the length of 3000mm, dividing a measuring area of 1000 multiplied by 3000 on a horizontal base platform, and planning equidistant longitudinal and transverse track lines in the measuring area, wherein the number of the longitudinal and transverse track lines is respectively 10 and 30;
placing the plate blank at a measuring area of a horizontal base station, enabling the outer contour line of the plate blank to be overlapped with the boundary line of the measuring area, and carrying out adsorption positioning on the plate blank by utilizing a vacuum adsorption principle;
selecting 30 detection sensors, and respectively contacting with the starting ends of 30 transverse track lines, wherein the transverse dynamic structure enables the detection sensors to transversely move to the end points of the transverse track lines; transmitting the measured continuous data to a taper model of an upper computer through a data transmission line;
adjusting the number of the detection sensors to 10, contacting with the starting point ends of the 10 longitudinal track lines, and enabling the detection sensors to transversely move to the end point ends of the longitudinal track lines through the longitudinal power structure; transmitting the measured continuous data to the taper model of the upper computer again through the data transmission line;
and the upper computer fuses the transverse taper model and the longitudinal taper model into an integral taper model by using a model fusion algorithm, and calculates and analyzes the wear condition of the plating layer on the surface of the plate blank, the surface flatness and the surface taper data.
Example two
Selecting a slab with the width of 700mm and the length of 2500mm, dividing a measuring area of 700 multiplied by 3500 on a horizontal base platform, and planning equidistant longitudinal and transverse track lines in the measuring area, wherein the number of the longitudinal and transverse track lines is respectively 7 and 25;
placing the plate blank at a measuring area of a horizontal base station, enabling the outer contour line of the plate blank to be overlapped with the boundary line of the measuring area, and carrying out adsorption positioning on the plate blank by utilizing a vacuum adsorption principle;
selecting 25 detection sensors, and respectively contacting with the starting ends of 25 transverse track lines, wherein the transverse dynamic structure enables the detection sensors to transversely move to the end points of the transverse track lines; transmitting the measured continuous data to a taper model of an upper computer through a data transmission line;
adjusting the number of the detection sensors to 7 again, contacting with the starting point ends of the 7 longitudinal track lines, and enabling the detection sensors to transversely move to the end point ends of the longitudinal track lines through the longitudinal power structure; transmitting the measured continuous data to the taper model of the upper computer again through the data transmission line;
and the upper computer fuses the transverse taper model and the longitudinal taper model into an integral taper model by using a model fusion algorithm, and calculates and analyzes the wear condition of the plating layer on the surface of the plate blank, the surface flatness and the surface taper data.
In summary, the invention uses the high-voltage shock wave to excite the probe to generate the ultrasonic emission pulse wave to measure the transverse and longitudinal thickness of the plate blank, constructs the transverse taper model and the longitudinal taper model according to the longitudinal and transverse track lines, obtains the integral taper model by using the fusion algorithm, obtains the plating wear condition, the surface flatness and the surface taper data of the plate blank surface according to the relation between the taper and the inclination by using the powerful calculation and analysis capability of the computer, has the advantages of high precision, more comprehensive measurement and high reliability of the detection data compared with the traditional detection by using the displacement sensor, is very convenient and fast to operate, and is suitable for the surface plating detection, the surface flatness analysis and the taper measurement of various plate blanks.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for measuring the slab taper is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dividing a measuring area on the horizontal base station according to the length and the width of the slab, and planning equidistant longitudinal and transverse rail lines in the measuring area, wherein the number of the longitudinal and transverse rail lines is related to the length and the width of the slab;
s2: placing the plate blank at a measuring area of a horizontal base station, enabling the outer contour line of the plate blank to be overlapped with the boundary line of the measuring area, and carrying out adsorption positioning on the plate blank by utilizing a vacuum adsorption principle;
s3: adjusting the detection sensors to a plurality of transverse track lines and enabling the detection sensors to be in contact with the starting ends of the transverse track lines, and enabling the detection sensors to transversely move to the end points of the transverse track lines through the transverse dynamic structure; transmitting the measured continuous data to a taper model of an upper computer through a data transmission line;
s4: adjusting the detection sensors to the plurality of longitudinal track lines again, and enabling the detection sensors to be in contact with the starting point ends of the longitudinal track lines, wherein the longitudinal dynamic structure enables the detection sensors to transversely move to the end point ends of the longitudinal track lines; transmitting the measured continuous data to the taper model of the upper computer again through the data transmission line;
s5: and the upper computer fuses the transverse taper model and the longitudinal taper model into an integral taper model by using a model fusion algorithm, and calculates and analyzes the wear condition of the plating layer on the surface of the plate blank, the surface flatness and the surface taper data.
2. The method for measuring the taper of the slab according to claim 1, wherein: the correlation between the number of the longitudinal and transverse track lines and the width of the slab is as follows:
and when the remainder is greater than 7, the number of the longitudinal track lines and the number of the transverse track lines are increased by one, otherwise, the longitudinal track lines and the transverse track lines are kept unchanged, and the number of the longitudinal track lines and the number of the transverse track lines are equal to the number of the detection sensors.
3. The method for measuring the slab taper according to claim 1, wherein: the detection sensor is a high-voltage shock wave excitation probe generated by a transmitting circuit and can generate ultrasonic transmitting pulse waves, the pulse waves are reflected by a medium interface and then received by a receiving circuit, and the numerical value of the sample is obtained according to the propagation speed of the sound waves in the sample multiplied by half of the time of passing through the sample.
4. The method for measuring the slab taper according to claim 1, wherein: the moving speed of the transverse dynamic structure driving detection sensor is the length of the transverse track line divided by 20 seconds, and the moving speed of the longitudinal dynamic structure driving detection sensor is the length of the longitudinal track line divided by 10 seconds.
5. The method for measuring the slab taper according to claim 1, wherein: the device for measuring the slab taper comprises a horizontal base station, a vacuum adsorption structure, a gantry moving frame, a detection sensor, an upper computer, a transverse power structure and a longitudinal power structure, wherein the horizontal base station is arranged at the bottom of the gantry moving frame, the detection sensor is arranged on the longitudinal power structure at the bottom of a beam of the gantry moving frame through a connecting beam, the transverse power structure is connected with a supporting beam of the gantry moving frame, and the detection sensor is in data connection with the upper computer through a transmission cable.
6. The method for measuring the slab taper according to claim 5, wherein: the transverse power structure and the longitudinal power structure are in equal position with the servo motor to drive the screw rod to move.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210124700.6A CN114543734A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Method for measuring slab taper |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210124700.6A CN114543734A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Method for measuring slab taper |
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| CN114543734A true CN114543734A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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| CN202210124700.6A Pending CN114543734A (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Method for measuring slab taper |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3300980A1 (en) * | 1983-01-12 | 1984-07-12 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Method and apparatus for measuring the surface profile of hot continuously cast slabs |
| JP2002139318A (en) * | 2000-11-01 | 2002-05-17 | Nkk Corp | Buckling quantity detecting method and buckling detecting method of slab |
| CN201522275U (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-07-07 | 北京市路兴公路新技术有限公司 | Three-dimensional laser section data collection system |
| CN205981018U (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-02-22 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Slab measuring tool |
| CN208254400U (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-12-18 | 福建省计量科学研究院（福建省眼镜质量检验站） | Aluminium sheet Plate Profile Measuring System |
| CN109540043A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-29 | 武汉中飞扬测控工程有限公司 | A method of slab conicity instrument taper is measured using laser distance measuring principle |
| DE102019116142A1 (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-19 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device for the tomographic ultrasound inspection of an internal structure of a metal slab and method for in-situ quality inspection of metal slabs |
| EP3623076A1 (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-18 | SMS Group GmbH | Measuring device for determining the lateral inclination and casting width of a mould |
| CN111521129A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-11 | 北京科技大学 | Machine vision-based slab warping detection device and method |
| CN112797945A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-05-14 | 武汉嘉特重型设备有限公司 | Crystallizer taper instrument and measuring method |
-
2022
- 2022-02-10 CN CN202210124700.6A patent/CN114543734A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3300980A1 (en) * | 1983-01-12 | 1984-07-12 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Method and apparatus for measuring the surface profile of hot continuously cast slabs |
| JP2002139318A (en) * | 2000-11-01 | 2002-05-17 | Nkk Corp | Buckling quantity detecting method and buckling detecting method of slab |
| CN201522275U (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-07-07 | 北京市路兴公路新技术有限公司 | Three-dimensional laser section data collection system |
| CN205981018U (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-02-22 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Slab measuring tool |
| CN208254400U (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-12-18 | 福建省计量科学研究院（福建省眼镜质量检验站） | Aluminium sheet Plate Profile Measuring System |
| DE102019116142A1 (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-19 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device for the tomographic ultrasound inspection of an internal structure of a metal slab and method for in-situ quality inspection of metal slabs |
| EP3623076A1 (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-18 | SMS Group GmbH | Measuring device for determining the lateral inclination and casting width of a mould |
| CN109540043A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-29 | 武汉中飞扬测控工程有限公司 | A method of slab conicity instrument taper is measured using laser distance measuring principle |
| CN111521129A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-11 | 北京科技大学 | Machine vision-based slab warping detection device and method |
| CN112797945A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-05-14 | 武汉嘉特重型设备有限公司 | Crystallizer taper instrument and measuring method |
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| Title |
|---|
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