CN108508842B - Straightness error detection method for linear guide rail of numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Straightness error detection method for linear guide rail of numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108508842B CN108508842B CN201810298493.XA CN201810298493A CN108508842B CN 108508842 B CN108508842 B CN 108508842B CN 201810298493 A CN201810298493 A CN 201810298493A CN 108508842 B CN108508842 B CN 108508842B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- linear guide
- guide rail
- displacement sensor
- laser displacement
- slide carriage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/401—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37125—Photosensor, as contactless analog position sensor, signal as function of position
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37197—From measured data derive form, roundness, orientation, parallel, straightness
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for detecting straightness errors of a linear guide rail of a numerical control machine tool, which has higher measurement precision, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) placing a water tank below the linear guide rail; 2) a slide carriage is arranged on the linear guide rail, a laser displacement sensor is fixed on the slide carriage, and a measuring head detection point of the laser displacement sensor points to the water surface; 3) before detection, the slide carriage is moved to one end of a detection stroke, then the slide carriage is started to move at a constant speed, simultaneously, the distance between a measuring head and the water surface measured by the laser displacement sensor is recorded, when the slide carriage moves to the other end of the detection stroke, data recording is stopped, the change of the distance between the measuring head of the laser displacement sensor and the water surface of the water tank in the process of the constant speed movement of the slide carriage is obtained, and the change is the straightness error of the linear guide rail. The invention adopts the water surface as a reference object, and the laser displacement sensor detects the change of the measuring head along with the distance of the water surface, thereby obtaining the linearity error of the linear guide rail.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of industrial automatic processing and detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting straightness errors of a linear guide rail of a numerical control machine tool.
Background
The precision linear guide rail is a key moving part of a numerical control machine tool, and the straightness error is used as a key performance index of the precision linear guide rail and has important influence on the machining precision. The traditional measuring method of the straightness error mainly adopts a level meter, an autocollimator, a laser interferometer and the like. When the level meter and the autocollimator are used for measurement, a measured straight line is divided into a plurality of small sections or pitches, and the relative value of each section is measured and then the overall straightness error is obtained through data processing. The laser interferometer has good detection precision, but the price is high, thereby limiting the popularization and application of the laser interferometer. ZL 201410215860.7 discloses a measuring method for obtaining straightness error by measuring a standard mirror through a laser displacement sensor, however, the standard mirror used for measurement has certain error, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for detecting the straightness error of a linear guide rail of a numerical control machine tool, which has higher measurement precision.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the method for detecting the straightness error of the linear guide rail of the numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:
1) placing a water tank containing water below the linear guide rail;
2) a slide carriage is arranged on the linear guide rail, a laser displacement sensor is fixed on the slide carriage, and a measuring head of the laser displacement sensor is positioned at a proper height above the water surface of the water tank to ensure that a detecting point of the measuring head points to the water surface;
3) before detection, the slide carriage is moved to one end of a detection stroke, then the slide carriage is started to move at a constant speed, simultaneously, the distance between a measuring head and the water surface measured by the laser displacement sensor is recorded, when the slide carriage moves to the other end of the detection stroke, data recording is stopped, the change of the distance between the measuring head of the laser displacement sensor and the water surface of the water tank in the process of the constant speed movement of the slide carriage is obtained, and the change is the straightness error of the linear guide rail.
Further, the water tank in the step 1) is rectangular, the length direction of the water tank is aligned with the linear guide rail, and the length of the water tank is not less than the moving stroke of the linear guide rail.
Further, the water surface of the water tank in the step 1) is slightly lower than the height of the water tank.
Further, the linear guide rail in the step 1) is arranged on a cross beam of the numerical control machine tool.
Further, the slide carriage in the step 2) is accurately positioned and controlled in moving speed through a servo motor and a lead screw.
Further, the laser displacement sensor in the step 2) is fixed on the slide carriage through a magnetic gauge stand.
Further, the step 3) of opening the slide carriage to move at a constant speed refers to: and starting the servo motor to enable the slide carriage to move at a constant speed along the linear guide rail.
Further, the distance data between the measuring head and the water surface, detected by the laser displacement sensor in the step 3), is transmitted to the PC end through a data line, and is recorded and processed through the PC end.
Further, the laser displacement sensor in the step 3) emits visible laser to the water surface, the laser reflected by the water surface returns to the laser displacement sensor, and the distance between the laser displacement sensor and the water surface is calculated through a digital signal processor of the laser displacement sensor.
Further, the flatness of the water surface in the range of one meter in the step 3) is better than 0.1 um.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the detection method adopts the water surface as a reference object, and the laser displacement sensor is used for detecting the change of the measuring head along with the distance of the water surface, so that the straightness error of the linear guide rail is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an apparatus used in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the linearity error of the linear guide rail detected by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for detecting straightness errors of a linear guide rail of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises the following steps of:
placing a water tank 11 filled with pure water below the linear guide rail 5, wherein the water tank 11 is preferably rectangular, the length direction of the water tank 11 is aligned with the linear guide rail 5, and the length of the water tank 11 is not less than the moving stroke of the linear guide rail 5; the water surface of the water tank 11 is slightly lower than the height of the water tank;
fixing a laser displacement sensor 12 on a slide carriage 6 of the linear guide rail 5 through a magnetic gauge stand, and enabling a measuring head of the laser displacement sensor 12 to be positioned at a proper height above the water surface of the water tank 11 to ensure that a detecting point of the measuring head points to the water surface; distance data detected by the laser displacement sensor 12 are transmitted to a PC (personal computer) end through a data line, and the PC end records and processes the distance data; a slide carriage 6 on the linear guide rail 5 is accurately positioned and controlled in moving speed through a servo motor and a lead screw;
before detection, the slide carriage 6 is moved to one end of a detection stroke, then a servo motor is started to enable the slide carriage 6 to move along the linear guide rail 5 at a constant speed, meanwhile, the distance between a measuring head and the water surface measured by the laser displacement sensor 12 starts to be recorded, when the slide carriage 6 moves to the other end of the detection stroke, data recording is stopped, and the change of the distance between the measuring head of the laser displacement sensor 12 and the water surface of the water tank in the process of moving along with the slide carriage 6 at the constant speed is obtained.
The moving speed of the slide carriage 6 of the linear guide 5 is recorded as v (mm/s), the detection sampling time interval of the laser displacement sensor 12 is recorded as t(s), the detection points are respectively recorded as 1,2, … and m, and the corresponding detection result is recorded as h1,h2,。。。,hk,。。。,hm。
The linearity error of the linear guide 5 is divided into two aspects: 1) straightness error in the vertical direction; 2) straightness error in the horizontal direction. The method of the invention is adopted to detect the straightness error of the linear guide rail 5 in the vertical direction.
Other equipment or vibration sources near the numerical control machine tool need to be closed before detection, and fluctuation of the water surface in the water tank caused by the external vibration sources is prevented, so that detection precision is influenced.
The detection principle of the high-precision laser displacement sensor 12 is based on a laser triangulation method, visible laser is emitted to the water surface by the sensor, the laser reflected by the water surface returns to the sensor, and the distance between the sensor and the water surface is calculated by a digital signal processor of the sensor.
Because the water surface has excellent flatness, the flatness of the water surface within a meter range is better than 0.1um, and when the water surface is used as a reference plane for detecting straightness errors, introduced system errors can be ignored.
Examples
The linearity error detection of the precision linear guide rail is carried out on a large-scale ring polishing machine 1, as shown in fig. 1. The diameter of polishing dish 2 is 4000mm, and the center of polishing dish 2 is equipped with center post 3, and the three stand of polishing dish 2 side is connected with center post 3 respectively through crossbeam 4 by three direction to form three station. A precise linear guide rail 5 is arranged on a cross beam 4 of a first station, a slide carriage 6 is arranged on the precise linear guide rail 5, and the slide carriage 6 is precisely positioned and controlled in moving speed through a servo motor and a lead screw; the stroke of the linear guide 5 is x (0mm,1400 mm).
Placing a rectangular water tank 11 on the polishing disc 2 below the linear guide rail 5, wherein the length and the width of the water tank 11 are 1600mm and 600mm respectively, the long edge of the water tank is aligned with the linear guide rail 5, and adding pure water into the water tank 11 until the water surface is slightly lower than the height of the water tank; the laser displacement sensor 12 is fixed on the slide carriage 6 of the linear guide 5, and the height and position of the measuring head of the laser displacement sensor 12 are adjusted so that the detection point points to the water surface in the water tank 11. The distance data detected by the laser displacement sensor 12 is transmitted to the PC end through a data line, and is recorded and processed by the PC end.
Before detection, the slide carriage 6 is moved to one end of the stroke of the linear guide rail 5 (x is 0), the moving speed v of the slide carriage 6 is set to be 4(mm/s), and the detection sampling time interval of the laser displacement sensor 12 is set to be 0.02(s); then, a servo motor is started to enable the slide carriage 6 to move along the linear guide rail 5 at a constant speed, the distance between a measuring head and the water surface measured by the laser displacement sensor 12 is recorded, when the slide carriage 6 moves to the other end of the stroke of the linear guide rail 5 (x is 1400mm, t is 350s), data recording is stopped, the total number of sampling points of the laser displacement sensor 12 is 17500, and the measured distance data is recorded as: u1, u2, …, u 17500. Since the laser displacement sensor 12 is completely fixed on the carriage 6, the measured change of the distance between the measuring head and the water surface is the change of the distance between the carriage 6 and the water surface, i.e. the straightness error of the linear guide 5, as shown in fig. 2.
Claims (10)
1. The method for detecting the straightness error of the linear guide rail of the numerical control machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) a water tank (11) filled with water is arranged below the linear guide rail (5);
2) a slide carriage (6) is arranged on the linear guide rail (5), a laser displacement sensor (12) is fixed on the slide carriage (6), and a measuring head of the laser displacement sensor (12) is positioned at a proper height above the water surface of the water tank (11) to ensure that a detecting point points to the water surface;
3) before detection, the slide carriage (6) is moved to one end of a detection stroke, then the slide carriage (6) is started to move at a constant speed, simultaneously, the distance between a measuring head and the water surface, which is measured by the laser displacement sensor (12), is recorded, data recording is stopped when the slide carriage (6) moves to the other end of the detection stroke, and the change of the distance between the measuring head of the laser displacement sensor (12) and the water surface of the water tank in the process of moving at the constant speed along with the slide carriage (6) is obtained, namely the straightness error of the linear guide rail (5).
2. The straightness error detecting method of a linear guide of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the water bath (11) in step 1) has a rectangular shape, a length direction thereof is aligned with the linear guide (5), and a length of the water bath (11) is not less than a moving stroke of the linear guide (5).
3. The straightness error detection method of a linear guide rail for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the water level of the water bath (11) in the step 1) is slightly lower than the height of the water bath.
4. The straightness error detection method of the linear guide of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the linear guide (5) of the step 1) is installed on a cross beam (4) of the numerical control machine tool.
5. The straightness error detection method of the linear guide rail for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) the slide carriage (6) is precisely positioned and controlled in moving speed by a servo motor and a lead screw.
6. The straightness error detection method of the linear guide rail for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the laser displacement sensor (12) of the step 2) is fixed on the slide carriage (6) through a magnetic gauge stand.
7. The straightness error detection method of a linear guide rail of a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) of moving the opening carriage (6) at a constant speed is that: and starting the servo motor to enable the slide carriage (6) to move at a constant speed along the linear guide rail (5).
8. The straightness error detection method of a numerically controlled machine tool linear guide according to claim 1, wherein the data of the distance between the probe and the water surface detected by the laser displacement sensor (12) in step 3) is transmitted to a PC terminal through a data line, and is recorded and processed by the PC terminal.
9. The straightness error detection method of a linear guide rail for a numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the laser displacement sensor (12) of step 3) emits visible laser to the water surface, the laser reflected by the water surface returns to the laser displacement sensor (12), and the distance between the laser displacement sensor (12) and the water surface is calculated by a digital signal processor of the laser displacement sensor (12).
10. The straightness error detection method of the linear guide rail of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the flatness of the water surface in a range of one meter in step 3) is better than 0.1 um.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810298493.XA CN108508842B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Straightness error detection method for linear guide rail of numerical control machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810298493.XA CN108508842B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Straightness error detection method for linear guide rail of numerical control machine tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108508842A CN108508842A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
| CN108508842B true CN108508842B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
Family
ID=63380626
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810298493.XA Active CN108508842B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Straightness error detection method for linear guide rail of numerical control machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108508842B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110006322B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2024-01-30 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Device and method for detecting perpendicularity between two linear axes of machine tool |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07208957A (en) * | 1994-01-14 | 1995-08-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for evaluation of advance direction of laser beam |
| CN1256400A (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2000-06-14 | 郑建平 | Reflecting liquid wedge compensation system |
| CN101769716A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-07 | 崔立新 | System and method for detecting geometric dimension of water outlet |
| CN106840315A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-13 | 山东大学 | A kind of hydraulic model test water surface curve self-operated measuring unit and method |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2116889U (en) * | 1992-04-25 | 1992-09-23 | 国家技术监督局北京计量仪器厂 | Level collimation axes measuring device |
| DE102009021483B3 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2011-02-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device and method for position and position determination |
| CN102278956B (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-09-26 | 河北工业大学 | Elevator guide rail verticality and gauge measuring robot |
| CN102661727B (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2014-10-29 | 北京林业大学 | Flatness detection method based on information fusion technology |
| CN202885806U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | Multifunctional astronomical theodolite |
| CN103487013B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | The vertical axial rake of a kind of high accuracy measures system and scaling method thereof |
| CN204382013U (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-06-10 | 上海中晶企业发展有限公司 | Large-scale glass polishing machine automatically repair dish device |
| CN105203065B (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-11-14 | 成都精密光学工程研究中心 | The detection method of glass polishing machine lacquer disk(-sc) face shape |
| CN206488741U (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-09-12 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of static pressure extensible guide straight-line degree measurement apparatus |
| CN206803947U (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-12-26 | 郑州轻工业学院 | High-precision laser detector for displacement measuring |
| CN107388946A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-24 | 中车大连机车车辆有限公司 | Diesel locomotive diesel generating set mounting seat flatness inspection devices and method |
-
2018
- 2018-04-04 CN CN201810298493.XA patent/CN108508842B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07208957A (en) * | 1994-01-14 | 1995-08-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for evaluation of advance direction of laser beam |
| CN1256400A (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2000-06-14 | 郑建平 | Reflecting liquid wedge compensation system |
| CN101769716A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-07 | 崔立新 | System and method for detecting geometric dimension of water outlet |
| CN106840315A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-13 | 山东大学 | A kind of hydraulic model test water surface curve self-operated measuring unit and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108508842A (en) | 2018-09-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105547344B (en) | A kind of test equipment calibrating installation and its calibration method | |
| CN201221938Y (en) | Non-contact intelligent off-line testing instrument of large-scale cylinder workpiece | |
| CN100595513C (en) | Cylinder diameter and form and position error integrated measuring apparatus | |
| CN202101656U (en) | Double-measuring head structure | |
| CN102937409B (en) | Polar coordinate gear measurement center and zero calibrating method thereof | |
| WO2013044677A1 (en) | Large-scale, three-dimensional coordinate measuring method and apparatus with laser tracking | |
| CN207881664U (en) | A kind of intelligent calibrating device of draw-wire displacement sensor | |
| CN108500777B (en) | Detection device and detection method for shape error of polishing disc in full-caliber annular polishing | |
| CN102072701A (en) | Method for detecting size of part and device | |
| CN108508842B (en) | Straightness error detection method for linear guide rail of numerical control machine tool | |
| CN103630098B (en) | The non-contact detection method of straight-line displacement platform Motion Parallel degree | |
| CN103884270A (en) | Device for measuring two-dimensional micro angle generated in installation of circular grating and method thereof | |
| CN102865816A (en) | Non-contact automatic detection device for absolute grating ruler overall measuring accuracy | |
| CN208067952U (en) | The detection device of polishing disk form error in unified annular polishing | |
| CN105091778A (en) | Profiled guide rail one-side characteristic detection method and apparatus based on laser ray structured light | |
| CN112129258A (en) | Scratch depth measuring device and method | |
| CN219319352U (en) | Calibrating device for large-size three-coordinate measuring machine | |
| CN114459388B (en) | Single-laser double-PSD deep hole straightness detection device and method | |
| CN104197853A (en) | Contact type scanning measuring head and measuring method thereof | |
| CN205027339U (en) | Deep hole straightness accuracy detection device based on ultrasonic thickness measurement appearance | |
| CN110146014B (en) | Measuring head structure and measuring method for measuring data of inner circular hole | |
| CN104359366B (en) | Method for monitoring relative positions in horizontal large vessel flange butt-joint procedures | |
| CN208238744U (en) | Form tolerance photoelectric detection robot | |
| CN201858966U (en) | Device for detecting part size | |
| CN215639250U (en) | Flatness measuring device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |