CN114542408A - Tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system - Google Patents
Tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114542408A CN114542408A CN202011334423.9A CN202011334423A CN114542408A CN 114542408 A CN114542408 A CN 114542408A CN 202011334423 A CN202011334423 A CN 202011334423A CN 114542408 A CN114542408 A CN 114542408A
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/003—Feed-water heater systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system which comprises a high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, an upper low-temperature heat absorber, a lower low-temperature heat absorber, a regenerative heater, a feed water heater and a regulating valve, wherein the lower low-temperature heat absorber, the upper low-temperature heat absorber and the hot side of the feed water heater are connected in series, the cold side of the feed water heater is connected with the regenerative heater in parallel, the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber is arranged between the lower low-temperature heat absorber and the upper low-temperature heat absorber, and the lower low-temperature heat absorber and the upper low-temperature heat absorber form the low-temperature heat absorber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to solar heat utilization, in particular to a tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system.
Background
With the huge consumption of traditional fossil energy, people face increasingly severe energy and environmental problems. A new energy technology revolution is to start with the improvement of energy utilization efficiency and the optimization of energy consumption structure. The improvement of the proportion of non-fossil energy, particularly the proportion of renewable energy, has important significance for future energy and environment. At present, the renewable energy accounts for only about 12 percent, and the renewable energy is already regarded as the strategic high point of the new generation energy technology. Renewable energy sources include water energy, wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy, and the like. The solar energy is widely distributed, safe and clean, has huge total amount, is inexhaustible, is widely concerned, and is an important component in renewable energy.
The principle of solar thermal power generation is that an absorber absorbs sunlight to serve as a high-temperature heat source, a hot working medium absorbs heat, the heat enters the next step of power circulation to generate mechanical energy, and a generator set is driven to generate power, and common forms of the solar thermal power generation include a disc type system, a groove type system, a tower type system and the like. The solar photo-thermal power generation can combine low-cost energy storage, has stable output, can bear basic load, is quickly adjusted, can be used as a peak regulation power supply, can further improve the internet consumption capability of other unstable renewable energy sources, and has huge future development prospect.
At present, a tower type thermal power generation system mainly adopts fused salt as a heat absorption medium and a heat storage medium, the fused salt heat absorber is mostly exposed, and the outer wall surface of the fused salt heat absorber is a light condensation receiving surface and an atmosphere interface. Condensing energy flux density on molten salt heat absorber and tower system heliostat field arrangement mode and controlSystem, etc. are directly related. Because the heliostat is far away from the heat absorber on the top of the heat collection tower, certain errors exist in the position of the focusing light spot. Generally, the concentration energy flow density distribution on the molten salt heat absorber is high in the middle (the highest energy flow density can be 1000kW/m larger2Above), a distribution gradually decreasing toward both ends. The fused salt heat absorber requires high temperature, so that only the middle high-strength light-gathering part can be utilized, and the light-gathering energy overflowing from the two ends is not absorbed and utilized, thereby causing the loss of 'light overflow'. The 'light overflow' loss can reach about 10%. In order to prevent the damage of the accessory equipment caused by the light condensation overflowing from the two ends of the heat absorber, heat insulation protection devices are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the molten salt heat absorber, and white heat-resistant heat insulation materials are generally adopted. Meanwhile, in order to reduce overflow loss as much as possible, light-gathering energy flow on the heat absorber must be concentrated, local over-temperature of the heat absorber is more easily caused, the service life is shortened, and even safety accidents occur.
When cloud shielding occurs, the solar radiation energy received by the fused salt heat absorber is reduced sharply, and at the moment, the heat absorber can dissipate heat outwards all the time, so that the wall temperature of the heat absorber is reduced sharply, and the fused salt working medium in the heat absorber can be solidified seriously, thereby causing fatal damage to the heat absorber.
In conclusion, the molten salt heat absorber has a severe working environment, high temperature, large temperature gradient and sensitive thermal stress; when the device is normally operated, the device is started and stopped at least once every day, and the thermal fatigue influence is serious. In order to ensure that the fused salt heat absorber can be timely regulated and controlled when the solar radiation changes, a certain margin is reserved for the design of the number of the heliostats. When the solar energy is sufficient, the condensing focus of part of the heliostat is not projected on the fused salt heat absorber, but is prepared at any time near the fused salt heat absorber. When the temperature of the molten salt heat absorber is too high, withdrawing a part of the molten salt heat absorber for heliostat condensation as a preparation; when the temperature of the heat absorber is reduced, a prepared heliostat is put into the system, so that the temperature of the heat absorber is stable. The prepared heliostat concentrates light to cause light abandon loss which can reach more than 10%.
In conclusion, the total loss of the 'light overflow' and the 'light abandon' can reach more than 20 percent, thereby causing huge loss, reducing the efficiency and greatly improving the system cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system aiming at the light overflow loss and the light abandon loss of the tower type solar molten salt power generation system, the light overflow loss and the light abandon loss are absorbed by a low-temperature heat absorber, and the absorbed heat is coupled into a steam Rankine cycle power generation system, so that the loss is reduced, the output power is improved, and the system efficiency can be improved by ten percent. The specific scheme of the invention is as follows:
a tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system comprises a high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, a low-temperature heat absorber and a water supply heater, and is characterized in that an outlet of a hot side of the water supply heater is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature heat absorber, an outlet of the low-temperature heat absorber is connected with an inlet of the water supply heater, namely the hot side of the water supply heater is connected with the low-temperature heat absorber in series; the low temperature heat absorber divide into low temperature heat absorber and lower low temperature heat absorber, it is located to go up the low temperature heat absorber high temperature fused salt heat absorber upper end, lower low temperature heat absorber is located high temperature fused salt heat absorber lower extreme, promptly the high temperature fused salt heat absorber is located the centre of low temperature heat absorber and lower low temperature heat absorber.
The high-temperature molten salt heat absorber absorbs high-strength partial energy condensed by a heliostat field in the tower system to generate high-temperature molten salt. The upper low-temperature heat absorber and the lower low-temperature heat absorber absorb ' light overflow ' of the heliostats of the tower system at two ends of the molten salt heat absorber, waste light ' of the heliostats in a ready state can be projected on the low-temperature heat absorber, the low-temperature heat absorbing medium enters an inlet of the low-temperature heat absorber and is heated by the ' light overflow ' and the ' waste light ', and the heated low-temperature heat absorbing medium enters the water supply heater and is used for heating water in a steam Rankine cycle. The low-temperature heat absorption working medium of the low-temperature heat absorber is any one of water, heat conduction oil and low-temperature molten salt.
The upper low-temperature heat absorber and the lower low-temperature heat absorber are connected in parallel or in series. The series connection mode is that the low-temperature heat absorption working medium sequentially passes through the lower low-temperature heat absorber and then passes through the upper low-temperature heat absorber or the low-temperature heat absorption working medium sequentially passes through the upper low-temperature heat absorber and then passes through the lower low-temperature heat absorber. The parallel connection mode is that the low-temperature heat absorption working medium is divided into two paths which respectively pass through the upper low-temperature heat absorber and the lower low-temperature heat absorber, and the low-temperature heat absorption working medium is respectively taken out and then is combined into one path. Further, the upper low-temperature heat absorber and the lower low-temperature heat absorber are respectively divided into at least two parts, and each part is connected in series or in parallel.
Furthermore, the system also comprises a regenerative heater and a regulating valve, wherein the inlet of the regulating valve is connected with the feed water inlet of the regenerative heater, the outlet of the regulating valve is connected with the cold side inlet of the feed water heater, and the cold side outlet of the feed water heater is connected with the feed water outlet of the regenerative heater, namely, the regenerative heater is connected with the feed water heater in parallel. And distributing the water supply quantity entering the regenerative heater and the water supply heater by adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve. When the solar light is sufficient, the heat absorbed by the low-temperature heat absorber is increased, and the regulating valve is regulated, so that the water supply quantity entering the water supply heater is increased, and the water supply quantity entering the regenerative heater is reduced. Because the feed water amount entering the regenerative heater is reduced, the steam extraction amount required by the regenerative heater and coming out of the steam turbine is reduced, and the work power of the steam turbine is improved. When no sunlight exists, the regulating valve is closed, so that all the supplied water enters the regenerative heater, and the power generation flow is consistent with the traditional power generation flow.
Compared with the mode that the regenerative heater and the feed water heater are connected in parallel, the regenerative heater and the feed water heater can also adopt a series mode. Because of the precedence relationship between the regenerative heater and the feedwater heater, two connection modes exist: the feed water outlet of the regenerative heater is connected with the cold side inlet of the feed water heater, namely, the feed water firstly passes through the regenerative heater and then passes through the feed water heater; or the outlet of the cold side of the feed water heater is connected with the feed water inlet of the regenerative heater, namely, the feed water firstly passes through the feed water heater and then passes through the regenerative heater.
The regenerative heaters are at least 2 stages of regenerative heaters, and the regenerative heaters are connected in series. The multistage regenerative heater can reasonably utilize steam extracted from the steam turbine, and improve the work-doing capacity of the steam turbine while ensuring the heating effect.
The system further comprises a steam generator, an outlet of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber is connected with an inlet of a hot side of the steam generator, and an outlet of the hot side of the steam generator is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber. As preferred, add high temperature molten salt jar and low temperature molten salt jar, high temperature molten salt heat absorber export with high temperature molten salt jar import links to each other, high temperature molten salt jar export with steam generator's hot side import links to each other, steam generator's hot side export links to each other with low temperature molten salt jar import, low temperature molten salt jar export with molten salt heat absorber import links to each other. The high-temperature molten salt stored in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank can generate steam with corresponding amount in the steam generator according to the requirement, and the fluctuation influence of sunlight is relieved.
A low-temperature heat absorption working medium heat storage tank is further additionally arranged, an outlet of the low-temperature heat absorber is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature heat absorption working medium storage tank, and an outlet of the low-temperature heat absorption working medium storage tank is connected with a hot side inlet of the feed water heater. The low-temperature heat absorption working medium enters the low-temperature heat absorber for heating and then enters the low-temperature heat absorption working medium storage tank, and the fluctuation influence of sunlight is relieved due to the storage effect of the storage tank.
The tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system further comprises a steam generator, a steam turbine, a condenser and a water feeding pump, wherein an outlet of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber is connected with an inlet of a hot side of the steam generator, and an outlet of the hot side of the steam generator is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber; the steam generator is characterized in that a cold side inlet of the steam generator is connected with a cold side outlet of the feed water heater and/or a feed water outlet of the regenerative heater, a cold side outlet of the steam generator is connected with a steam turbine inlet, a steam turbine outlet is connected with a condenser inlet, a condenser outlet is connected with an inlet of the feed water pump, and an outlet of the feed water pump is connected with a cold side inlet of the feed water heater and/or a feed water inlet of the regenerative heater. The high-temperature molten salt heat absorber heats molten salt by utilizing high-power condensation of the heliostat field, and the high-temperature molten salt enters the hot side of the steam generator again to serve as a heat source to heat feed water at the cold side of the steam generator so as to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam; and high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters the steam turbine again and expands to do work, exhaust steam from the steam turbine enters the condenser and is condensed into liquid water, and the liquid water is boosted by the water supply pump, enters the regenerative heater and/or the water supply heater and then enters the cold side of the steam generator. The low-temperature heat absorption working medium is heated by the low-temperature heat absorption working medium heat absorber and enters the hot side of the feed water heater as a heat source to heat feed water, so that the steam extraction amount required by the regenerative heater is reduced, and the output power of the steam turbine is improved.
In addition, the invention provides a tower-type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation method, which is characterized by comprising a high-temperature molten salt heat absorber and a low-temperature heat absorber, wherein the low-temperature heat absorber is divided into an upper low-temperature heat absorber and a lower low-temperature heat absorber, the upper low-temperature heat absorber is positioned at the upper end of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, and the lower low-temperature heat absorber is positioned at the lower end of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, namely the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber is positioned between the upper low-temperature heat absorber and the lower low-temperature heat absorber; the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber absorbs high-intensity partial energy of heliostat field condensation in the tower system to generate high-temperature molten salt, the upper low-temperature heat absorber and the lower low-temperature heat absorber absorb low-intensity flash of the heliostats of the tower system at two ends of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, the temperature of low-temperature heat absorbing working medium is increased, and the absorption efficiency of the heliostat field condensation is improved; the high-temperature molten salt is used for heating feedwater in a steam Rankine cycle to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam; the low-temperature heat absorption working medium is used for heating and improving the water supply temperature in the steam Rankine cycle and reducing the quantity of regenerative steam extraction in the steam Rankine cycle. When the low-temperature heat absorption working medium is a water working medium, the feed water in the steam Rankine cycle is directly used as the low-temperature heat absorption working medium, the low-temperature heat absorber is connected with the regenerative heater in parallel, namely, one part of the feed water enters the low-temperature heat absorber, the other part of the feed water enters the regenerative heater, and the feed water amount entering the low-temperature heat absorber and the regenerative heater is distributed according to the sunlight intensity change. When the solar energy is sufficient, the water supply flow entering the low-temperature heat absorber is increased, and the water supply flow entering the regenerative heater is reduced; on the contrary, when the sunlight is insufficient, the water supply flow entering the low-temperature heat absorber is reduced, and the water supply flow entering the regenerative heater is increased. The low-temperature heat absorber heats the water supply by utilizing the light overflowing at the two ends of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber condensed by the heliostat field, the regenerative heater heats the water supply by utilizing the steam extraction of the steam turbine, and part of the water supply is heated by the low-temperature heat absorber, so the regenerative steam extraction amount required by the regenerative heater for heating the water supply is reduced, and the output power of the steam turbine is improved.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out gradient utilization on high-intensity light condensation energy condensed by a heliostat and overflowing low-intensity light condensation energy, generating high-temperature molten salt by utilizing the high-intensity light condensation, and heating feed water by utilizing the high-temperature molten salt to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam; the overflowed low-intensity condensation light is used for heating the water supply temperature, and the heat return steam extraction amount is reduced. The heat of different temperature areas is reasonably utilized from the grade of solar energy light-gathering energy, and the power generation efficiency of the system is improved.
The high-temperature molten salt heat absorber is a device for improving the temperature of a molten salt working medium by utilizing concentrating solar energy, and the outlet molten salt can reach more than 550 ℃; the low-temperature heat absorber is a device for improving the temperature of a low-temperature heat absorbing working medium by utilizing concentrated solar energy, and the low temperature is 300 ℃ relative to the temperature of a high-temperature molten salt heat absorber; the feed water heater is a device for heating Rankine cycle feed water by using a low-temperature heat absorption working medium as a heat source; the steam turbine is a device which applies work by utilizing high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and is also called a steam turbine; the heat recovery heater is a device for heating water supply by using extracted steam in a steam turbine; the steam generator is a device for heating, evaporating and superheating liquid water by using a high-temperature heat source, and generally comprises a preheater, an evaporator, a steam drum, a superheater and the like.
The invention utilizes the low-temperature heat absorbers arranged at the two ends of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber to absorb 'light overflow' and 'light abandon' for improving the water supply temperature, and is connected with the regenerative heater in parallel or in series, thereby reducing the steam extraction amount of the secondary steam turbine and improving the output power and the system efficiency of the steam turbine. In addition, the invention can be correspondingly upgraded and modified based on the original tower type molten salt system, has little influence on the original system, reduces the modification cost and is expected to improve the system efficiency by more than 10 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of specific example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of embodiment 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the specific example 5;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of embodiment 6.
In the figure: 1-upper low temperature heat absorber; 2-high temperature molten salt heat absorber; 3-low temperature heat absorber; 4-a feedwater heater; 5-adjusting the valve; 6-a regenerative heater; 7-low temperature heat absorption working medium storage tank; 8-a low-temperature heat-absorption working medium pump; 9-a steam generator; 10-a steam turbine; 11-a condenser; 12-a feed pump; 13-the generator.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The invention provides a tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system, which comprises an upper low-temperature heat absorber 1, a high-temperature molten salt heat absorber 2, a lower low-temperature heat absorber 3 and a water supply heater 4, as shown in figure 1. The upper low-temperature heat absorber 1 is positioned at the upper end of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber 2, and the lower low-temperature heat absorber 3 is positioned at the lower end of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber 2, i.e. the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber 2 is positioned between the upper low-temperature heat absorber 1 and the lower low-temperature heat absorber 3. The upper low-temperature heat absorber 1 and the lower low-temperature heat absorber 3 are connected in series to form a low-temperature heat absorber. The outlet of the upper low-temperature heat absorber 1 is connected with the inlet of the hot side of the water supply heater 4, the outlet of the hot side of the water supply heater 4 is connected with the inlet of the lower low-temperature heat absorber 3, and the outlet of the lower low-temperature heat absorber 3 is connected with the inlet of the upper low-temperature heat absorber 2. The low-temperature heat absorber is used for absorbing 'light overflow' and 'light abandon' of heliostat field condensation, heating the low-temperature heat absorption working medium flowing through the low-temperature heat absorption working medium, the temperature can reach 300 ℃, the heated low-temperature heat absorption working medium enters the hot side of the water supply heater 4, the cold side water supply of the water supply heater 4 is heated, and the water supply temperature is improved. The low-temperature heat absorption working medium of the low-temperature heat absorber is any one of water, heat conduction oil and low-temperature molten salt. The high-temperature molten salt heat absorber absorbs high-strength partial energy of heliostat field condensation, the average condensation ratio can reach more than 300, and the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber is used for heating high-temperature molten salt, and the temperature can reach more than 550 ℃.
Example 2
In addition to the embodiment 1, a regenerative heater 6 and a regulating valve 5 are added, as shown in fig. 2, an inlet of the regulating valve 5 is connected to a feed water inlet of the regenerative heater 6, an outlet of the regulating valve 5 is connected to a cold side inlet of the feed water heater 4, and a cold side outlet of the feed water heater 4 is connected to a feed water outlet of the regenerative heater 6, that is, the feed water heater 4 is connected in parallel to the regenerative heater 6. The regenerative heater 6 heats the feed water by using the extracted steam of the steam turbine, thereby reducing the heat input of a heat source and improving the power generation efficiency. According to the intensity of the sunlight, the opening of the regulating valve 5 is adjusted, and the water supply quantity entering the water supply heater 4 and the regenerative heater 6 is distributed. When the solar energy is sufficient, the heat absorbed by the low-temperature heat absorption working medium from the low-temperature heat absorber is increased, the opening degree of the regulating valve 5 is increased, the water supply quantity entering the cold side of the water supply heater 4 is increased, the water supply quantity entering the regenerative heater 6 is reduced, and the water supply outlet temperature of the regenerative heater 6 and the outlet temperature of the water supply heater 4 are ensured to be stable, so that the steam extraction quantity required by the regenerative heater 6 from the steam turbine is reduced, and the output power of the steam turbine is improved. When sunlight is weak or not, the regulating valve 5 is closed, all the supplied water passes through the regenerative heater 6, and the regenerative heating is carried out by the steam extraction of the steam turbine, namely, the traditional regenerative power generation mode is changed.
Example 3
In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3, the regenerative heater 6 and the feedwater heater 4 are connected in series, that is, the feedwater outlet of the regenerative heater 6 is connected to the cold-side inlet of the feedwater heater 4. The feed water is heated by the regenerative heater 6 and then by the feed water heater 4, so that the feed water temperature is greatly increased.
Example 4
In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 4, the regenerative heater 6 and the feedwater heater 4 are connected in series, that is, the cold-side outlet of the feedwater heater 4 is connected to the feedwater inlet of the regenerative heater 6. The feed water is heated by the feed water heater 4 and then passes through the regenerative heater 6. The low-temperature heat absorption working medium heated by the concentrated solar energy flows through the hot side of the feed water heater 4 to heat the feed water at the cold side of the feed water heater 4, so that the feed water temperature entering the regenerative heater 6 is increased, the steam extraction quantity of the steam turbine required by the regenerative heater 6 is reduced, and the power of the steam turbine is increased.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment 2 is further modified by adding a low-temperature heat absorption working medium storage tank 7, a low-temperature working medium pump 8, and a steam generator 9. The outlet of the upper low-temperature heat absorber 1 is connected with the inlet of a low-temperature heat absorption working medium storage tank 7, the outlet of the low-temperature heat absorption working medium storage tank 7 is connected with the inlet of a low-temperature working medium pump 8, and the outlet of the low-temperature working medium pump 8 is connected with the hot side inlet of the feed water heater 4. The outlet of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber 2 is connected with the inlet of the hot side of the steam generator 9, and the outlet of the hot side of the steam generator 9 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber 2. The high-temperature molten salt heat absorber absorbs high-strength light-gathering energy of a heliostat field to heat molten salt, and the heated high-temperature molten salt enters the hot side of the steam generator 9 to serve as a heat source to heat water supply and generate high-temperature steam. By means of the regulating valve 5, the feed water quantity into the regenerative heater 6 and the feed water heater 4 can be distributed. The low-temperature heat absorption working medium absorbs the 'light overflow' and 'light abandon' of the heliostat field in the low-temperature heat absorber, the heated low-temperature heat absorption working medium enters the low-temperature working medium storage tank 7 for storage, and then enters the hot side of the water supply heater 4 through the low-temperature working medium pump 8 to be used as a heat source for heating water supply, so that the steam extraction amount of a steam turbine required by the heat recovery heater 6 is reduced.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 6, in addition to embodiment 5, a steam turbine 10, a condenser 11, a feed water pump 12, and a generator 13 are added. The feed water outlet of the regenerative heater 6 is connected with the cold side outlet of the feed water heater 4 and then connected with the cold side inlet of the steam generator 9, the cold side outlet of the steam generator 9 is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine 10, the exhaust outlet of the steam turbine 10 is connected with the inlet of the condenser 11, the outlet of the condenser 11 is connected with the inlet of the feed water pump 12, and the outlet of the feed water pump 12 is connected with the feed water inlet of the regenerative heater 6 and the inlet of the regulating valve 5. The extraction inlet of the regenerative heater 6 is connected to the extraction port of the steam turbine 10. The feed water heated by the heat recovery heater 6 and the feed water heater 4 enters the cold side of the steam generator 9, is heated by high-temperature molten salt to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam, the steam enters the steam turbine 10 to expand and do work, the steam turbine 10 is connected with the generator 13 to drive the generator 13 to generate electricity, and the electricity is output outwards. The exhaust steam discharged from the steam turbine 10 enters a condenser 11 to be condensed into liquid water, then enters a water supply pump 12, is subjected to pressure boosting through the water supply pump 12, and then enters a regenerative heater 6 or a water supply heater 4. When sunlight is sufficient, the heat absorbed by the low-temperature heat absorption working medium is increased, the adjusting valve 5 is opened to increase the water supply quantity entering the water supply heater 4, reduce the water supply quantity entering the heat recovery heater 6 and keep the temperature of the cold side inlet of the steam generator 9 stable, so that the steam extraction quantity of the steam turbine required by the heat recovery heater 6 is reduced, and the power of the steam turbine 10 is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation system comprises a high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, a low-temperature heat absorber and a water supply heater, and is characterized in that an outlet of a hot side of the water supply heater is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature heat absorber, an outlet of the low-temperature heat absorber is connected with an inlet of the water supply heater, namely the hot side of the water supply heater is connected with the low-temperature heat absorber in series; the low temperature heat absorber divide into low temperature heat absorber and lower low temperature heat absorber, it is located to go up the low temperature heat absorber high temperature fused salt heat absorber upper end, lower low temperature heat absorber are located high temperature fused salt heat absorber lower extreme, promptly the high temperature fused salt heat absorber is located the centre of low temperature heat absorber and lower low temperature heat absorber, it adopts parallelly connected or the mode of establishing ties to go up the low temperature heat absorber and is connected with lower low temperature heat absorber.
2. The tower-type solar high-low temperature hybrid endothermic power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a regenerative heater and a regulating valve, wherein an inlet of the regulating valve is connected to a feed water inlet of the regenerative heater, an outlet of the regulating valve is connected to a cold side inlet of the feed water heater, and a cold side outlet of the feed water heater is connected to a feed water outlet of the regenerative heater, that is, the regenerative heater is connected in parallel with the feed water heater.
3. The tower-type solar high-low temperature hybrid endothermic power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a regenerative heater, wherein a feed water outlet of the regenerative heater is connected to a cold side inlet of the feed water heater, that is, the regenerative heater is connected in series with the feed water heater.
4. The tower-type solar high-low temperature hybrid endothermic power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a regenerative heater, wherein a cold side outlet of the feed water heater is connected to a feed water inlet of the regenerative heater, that is, the feed water heater is connected in series with the regenerative heater.
5. The tower-type solar high-low temperature hybrid endothermic power generation system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a low-temperature endothermic working medium storage tank, wherein an outlet of the low-temperature endothermic working medium storage tank is connected to an inlet of the low-temperature endothermic working medium storage tank, and an outlet of the low-temperature endothermic working medium storage tank is connected to a hot side inlet of the feedwater heater.
6. The tower type solar high-low temperature hybrid endothermic power generation system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a steam generator, a high temperature molten salt tank and a low temperature molten salt tank, wherein the outlet of the high temperature molten salt heat absorber is connected with the inlet of the high temperature molten salt tank, the outlet of the high temperature molten salt tank is connected with the inlet of the hot side of the steam generator, the outlet of the hot side of the steam generator is connected with the inlet of the low temperature molten salt tank, and the outlet of the low temperature molten salt tank is connected with the inlet of the molten salt heat absorber.
7. The tower type solar high-low temperature hybrid endothermic power generation system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a steam generator, a steam turbine, a condenser and a feed water pump, wherein an outlet of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber is connected with an inlet of a hot side of the steam generator, and an outlet of the hot side of the steam generator is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber; the steam generator is characterized in that a cold side inlet of the steam generator is connected with a cold side outlet of the feed water heater and/or a feed water outlet of the regenerative heater, a cold side outlet of the steam generator is connected with a steam turbine inlet, a steam turbine outlet is connected with a condenser inlet, a condenser outlet is connected with an inlet of the feed water pump, and an outlet of the feed water pump is connected with a cold side inlet of the feed water heater and/or a feed water inlet of the regenerative heater.
8. The tower type solar high-low temperature hybrid heat absorption power generation system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the low-temperature heat absorption working medium of the low-temperature heat absorber is any one of water, heat conduction oil and low-temperature molten salt, the regenerative heater is divided into at least 2 stages of regenerative heaters, and the regenerative heaters are connected in series.
9. A tower type solar high-low temperature mixed heat absorption power generation method is characterized by comprising a high-temperature molten salt heat absorber and a low-temperature heat absorber, wherein the low-temperature heat absorber is divided into an upper low-temperature heat absorber and a lower low-temperature heat absorber, the upper low-temperature heat absorber is positioned at the upper end of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, the lower low-temperature heat absorber is positioned at the lower end of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, and the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber is positioned between the upper low-temperature heat absorber and the lower low-temperature heat absorber; the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber absorbs high-strength partial energy of heliostat field condensation in the tower system to generate high-temperature molten salt, the upper low-temperature heat absorber and the lower low-temperature heat absorber absorb low-strength overflow condensation of the heliostats of the tower system at two ends of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, the temperature of low-temperature heat absorption working medium is increased, and the absorption efficiency of the heliostat field condensation is improved; the low-temperature heat absorption working medium is used for increasing the water supply temperature in the steam Rankine cycle and reducing the heat return steam extraction amount in the steam Rankine cycle; the high-temperature molten salt is used for heating feedwater in a steam Rankine cycle to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam.
10. The tower-type solar high-low temperature hybrid endothermic power generation method according to claim 9, characterized by further comprising a regenerative heater, and directly using the feed water in the steam rankine cycle as the low-temperature endothermic working medium of the low-temperature heat absorber, wherein the low-temperature heat absorber is connected in parallel with the regenerative heater, i.e. one part of the feed water enters the regenerative heater, and the other part of the feed water enters the low-temperature heat absorber; the low-temperature heat absorber heats water supply by utilizing the light spill of heliostat field light condensation at two ends of the high-temperature molten salt heat absorber, the water supply quantity entering the low-temperature heat absorber and the regenerative heater is distributed according to the change of sunlight intensity, when sunlight is enhanced, the water supply quantity entering the low-temperature heat absorber is increased, and the water supply quantity entering the regenerative heater is reduced; when the solar energy is weakened, the water supply quantity entering the low-temperature heat absorber is reduced, and the water supply quantity entering the regenerative heater is increased; the regenerative heater heats the feed water by using the extracted steam of the steam turbine, and because part of the feed water is heated by the low-temperature heat absorber, the regenerative extraction amount of the regenerative heater for heating the feed water is reduced.
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