CN114540153A - Back-supplementing type vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device and fermentation method thereof - Google Patents
Back-supplementing type vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device and fermentation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010563 solid-state fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- C12J—VINEGAR; PREPARATION OR PURIFICATION THEREOF
- C12J1/00—Vinegar; Preparation or purification thereof
- C12J1/10—Apparatus
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of bioengineering equipment, and relates to a back-supplementing type vinegar shallow solid fermentation device and a fermentation method thereof, wherein the back-supplementing type vinegar shallow solid fermentation device comprises the following steps: the device comprises a feed hopper, a discharge hopper, a conveyor belt bracket, a speed reduction motor, a material liquid groove, a reflux pump, a reflux pipeline, a material liquid spray head, a fermentation box body, an air supply device and a temperature measuring device. The conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of layers for loading materials, the upper layer of materials naturally fall to the lower layer of conveyor belt when the conveyor belt is started, the materials are transmitted layer by layer, and a fermented grain layer is formed on the surface of the conveyor belt; the raw material wine mash is stored in a material liquid tank, is pumped and sprayed to the uppermost layer of material through a reflux pump, a reflux pipeline and a material liquid spray head, naturally permeates through each fermented grain layer, is collected, is recycled, is replenished and is sprayed to the uppermost layer of vinegar fermented grains, and accordingly vinegar replenishing type shallow fermentation is achieved. The recharging type vinegar shallow solid fermentation device has the advantages of small occupied area and simple operation, can obviously improve the production efficiency and the product quality of vinegar, reduces the labor intensity, and has great economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology equipment, and particularly relates to a back-supplementing type vinegar shallow-layer solid-state fermentation device and a fermentation method thereof.
Background
Vinegar, vinegar for short, is a flavoring and food containing acetic acid. The unique process for brewing vinegar in China is solid-state acetic acid fermentation. At present, the four major vinegars in China are brewed by adopting a solid state process. The solid-state brewing of the vinegar is mainly characterized in that the mixed bacteria are used for performing synergistic fermentation, fermented mash and the like in fermented grains of the vinegar are converted into acetic acid, other organic acids and flavor substances, and the special taste and good quality of the solid-state fermented vinegar are endowed together.
The fermentation container used in the vinegar solid acetic acid fermentation process is generally a stainless steel tank, a large jar (urn) or a cement pool embedded with acid-resistant ceramic tiles, starchy materials to be fermented are mixed with materials such as yeast, bran, rice chaff and the like to prepare fermented grains, the fermented grains are turned over by manpower or mechanical equipment, the fermentation temperature and the ventilation quantity are controlled, and the method is called as a solid fermented grain turning method. Acetic fermentation is an aerobic fermentation process with coexistence of solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase, but in the vinegar preparation process by a fermentation broth turning method, the thickness of the vinegar culture reaches 70-100 cm, the vinegar culture is soaked in wine mash for a long time, and oxygen exchange between the vinegar culture and air is insufficient, so that the fermentation reaction efficiency is low, the fermentation period is long, and the efficiency is low; meanwhile, due to the fact that the thickness of the fermented grains of the vinegar is large, the problems of insufficient heat dissipation, randomness of operation and the like exist in the fermentation process, the local temperature of the fermented grains of the vinegar is easily increased, the fermented grains of the vinegar agglomerate and even are broken, microorganisms cannot metabolize normally, the fermentation quality and the product taste are seriously affected, and the product quality of different batches is not stable enough.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a novel device and a method for brewing vinegar in a solid state, which overcome the problems of low fermentation efficiency, long period, unstable product flavor quality, low automation degree of fermentation equipment and the like of the traditional fermentation overturning method, and obviously improve the production efficiency and the product quality of the vinegar in the solid state brewing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a refilling type vinegar shallow solid state fermentation device which can be used for carrying out multilayer three-dimensional automatic solid state vinegar fermentation and overcoming the problems of high labor intensity, low yield, unstable vinegar product quality and the like of the traditional fermentation culture overturning method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a formula vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device is mended again, includes: the device comprises a feed hopper, a conveyor belt bracket, a speed reducing motor, a material liquid groove, a reflux pump, a reflux pipeline, a material liquid spray head, a discharge hopper, a fermentation box body, an air supply device and a temperature measuring device;
the feed hopper is arranged at the upper end of the fermentation box body and used for inputting materials;
the conveying belts are arranged inside the fermentation box body, the number of the conveying belts is n, the conveying belts are arranged in parallel from top to bottom and are sequentially marked as a first conveying belt, a second conveying belt and an … nth conveying belt; all the conveyor belts are fixed through the conveyor belt bracket; wherein n is not less than 3 and is a positive integer;
a material liquid groove is arranged below the nth conveying belt; the discharging hopper is arranged on one side of the fermentation box body and is arranged at one end of the nth conveyor belt along the motion direction of the nth conveyor belt, namely the discharging hopper is used for receiving the fermentation material conveyed by the nth conveyor belt after the fermentation is finished;
the conveying belt is used for carrying materials, and liquid feed liquid generated in the fermentation process can permeate the conveying belt and be carburized into the feed liquid tank;
one end of the conveyor belt is provided with a speed reducing motor, and the speed reducing motor drives the conveyor belt to run; the transmission directions of two adjacent groups are opposite; the upper and lower groups of conveyor belts are arranged in a staggered manner; so that when the conveyor belts are operated, the materials on the surface of the first conveyor belt can naturally fall to the surface of the second conveyor belt, and thus the surfaces of all the conveyor belts can bear the materials to form a fermented grain layer;
one end of the return pipeline is communicated with the feed liquid groove, and the other end of the return pipeline is communicated with the feed liquid spray head; the return pipeline is also connected with a return pump for conveying liquid;
the feed liquid spray heads are arranged in an area between the upper wall of the fermentation box body and the first conveyor belt;
the temperature measuring device is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation box body, comprises a plurality of temperature probes, is arranged in the box body and is used for monitoring the temperature of the fermentation materials;
the air supply device is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation box body, is communicated with the interior of the fermentation box body and is used for conveying cold air or hot air.
Preferably, the thickness of the fermented grain layer is 40-45 cm, so that shallow solid fermentation is realized, and the requirement of the fermented grain fermentation process on oxygen is fully met.
Preferably, the conveyor belt is woven by polyethylene high polymer materials; n is odd number to feeder hopper and discharge hopper are established in the different sides of fermenting case body, are convenient for production operation.
Preferably, the conveyor belt supports are two groups and are made of 316L stainless steel.
Preferably, the feed liquid tank is made of 316L stainless steel; the number of the feed liquid spray heads is 2-100, and the feed liquid spray heads are uniformly distributed.
Preferably, the material of the upper and lower two sides of the fermentation box body and the left and right two sides of the fermentation box body is 316L stainless steel thin plates, and the material of the front and back two sides of the fermentation box body is transparent polyethylene plates, so that the fermentation box body is convenient to observe and easy to disassemble.
A method for fermentation based on a back-feeding type vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: firstly, feeding materials to the surface of a first conveyor belt through a feeding hopper, starting a speed reduction motor in the feeding process, driving each conveyor belt to run, enabling the materials on the surface of the first conveyor belt to naturally fall onto the surface of a second conveyor belt, conveying the materials layer by layer from top to bottom until the materials are conveyed to the surface of an nth conveyor belt, and forming a fermented grain layer on the surface of each conveyor belt after conveying, wherein the thickness of each fermented grain layer is 40-45 cm; at the moment, the speed reducing motor is turned off, and the running of all the conveyor belts is stopped;
step 2: placing the fermented mash required by fermentation into a material liquid tank, pumping the fermented mash to a material liquid spray head through a return pipeline by a return pump, uniformly spraying the fermented mash to the material on the surface of the first conveyor belt by the material liquid spray head, naturally permeating the fermented mash to the next layer of material until the fermented mash permeates to the material on the surface of the nth conveyor belt, and finally permeating the fermented mash which is not absorbed by each layer of vinegar fermented mash into the material liquid tank below through the nth conveyor belt;
and step 3: monitoring the fermentation temperature of the material in real time by using a temperature measuring device, and starting an air supply device to input hot air if the temperature is too low; if the temperature is too high, starting the air supply device to input cold air; maintaining the heat of the material fermentation system by using an air supply device until the fermentation is finished; controlling the fermentation temperature in the fermentation process, wherein the integral temperature change is 30-44 ℃, and the fermentation time is 11-15 days;
and 4, step 4: in the fermentation process, the penetrating fluid received by the feed liquid tank is additionally sprayed to the surface of the material at intervals of 4-12 h; the material is pumped to a material liquid spray head through a return pipeline by a return pump, and the material liquid spray head uniformly sprays the material on the surface of the first conveying belt.
Preferably, the mass of the wine mash required in the step 2 is calculated according to the mass of the materials, and 0.3-0.4 kg of wine mash is required for every 1kg of materials.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature in the fermentation process in step 3 is controlled, specifically: fermenting for 1-3 days, and maintaining the temperature of the fermented material at 40 +/-1 ℃; fermenting for 4-10 days, and controlling the temperature of the fermented material within 42 +/-2 ℃; the fermentation temperature dropped to 30 ℃ from the 11 th day to the end of the fermentation.
Preferably, the specific operation of supplementing spraying to the surface of the material every 4-12h in step 4 is as follows: the fermentation is carried out for 1 to 3 days, and the supplementary spraying is carried out every 4 hours; the supplementary spraying is carried out every 8h from 4 th to 10 th days, and every 12h from 11 th day to the end of fermentation; the liquid amount of the additional spraying once has no specific requirement, and the additional spraying can be stopped when the liquid seeps out from the lowest-layer conveyor belt; and performing the next additional spraying according to the interval time requirement.
Compared with the traditional solid fermentation process of table vinegar, the method has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
(1) a fermentation system of a back-feeding type vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device utilizes multi-layer three-dimensional conveyor belt type unstrained spirits layer fermentation, greatly saves production field and improves workshop turnover efficiency;
(2) the utility model provides a formula vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device's of benefit-back fermentation system, adopts vinegar shallow layer fermentation to adopt the zymotic fluid to spray the benefit-back in batches, effectively improved the contact effect of wine mash and acetic acid fungus and oxygen, can show and promote fermentation efficiency, fermentation period is short, has shortened about 28.6% than traditional fermentation period at least.
(3) The utility model provides a mend formula vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device back, can realize the automation of material loading, unloading to through mend zymotic fluid and cascaded temperature control's means back by stage, avoided traditional manual work or mechanical unstrained spirits process of turning over, improved productivity, and reduced the randomness of operation and the contingency of temperature variation, be favorable to improving fermentation efficiency and keep the vinegar stable quality of different batch fermentations.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a back-feeding type vinegar shallow solid fermentation device; the fermentation tank comprises a feeding hopper 1, a conveying belt 2, a conveying belt 3, a conveying belt support 4, a speed reduction motor 5, a fermented grain layer 6, a material liquid tank 7, a reflux pump 8, a reflux pipeline 9, a material liquid spray head 10, a discharge hopper 11, a fermentation tank body 12, an air supply device 13 and a temperature measuring device 13.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of the application of the present invention with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1:
the utility model provides a formula vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device is mended again, includes: the device comprises a feed hopper 1, a conveyor belt 2, a conveyor belt bracket 3, a speed reducing motor 4, a material liquid tank 6, a reflux pump 7, a reflux pipeline 8, a material liquid spray head 9, a discharge hopper 10, a fermentation box body 11, an air supply device 12 and a temperature measuring device 13; the inner walls of the upper and lower surfaces and the left and right box plates of the fermentation box body 11 are 316L stainless steel sheets, and the front and rear box plates are transparent polyethylene plates, so that the observation is convenient and the disassembly is easy;
the feed hopper 1 is arranged at the upper end of the fermentation box body 11 and used for inputting materials;
the conveying belts 2 are arranged inside the fermentation box body 11, the number of the conveying belts 2 is 5, the conveying belts are arranged in parallel from top to bottom and are sequentially marked as a first conveying belt, a second conveying belt, a third conveying belt, a fourth conveying belt and a fifth conveying belt; all the conveyor belts are fixed through conveyor belt brackets 3, and two groups of conveyor belt brackets 3 are made of 316L stainless steel materials;
a material liquid tank 6 is arranged below the fifth conveyor belt, and the material liquid tank 6 is made of 316L stainless steel; the discharging hopper 10 is arranged on one side of the fermentation box body 11 and is arranged at one end of the fifth conveying belt along the moving direction of the fifth conveying belt, namely, the discharging hopper is used for receiving the fermentation materials conveyed by the fifth conveying belt after the fermentation is finished;
the conveyor belt 2 is used for carrying materials, and liquid feed liquid generated in the fermentation process can permeate the conveyor belt and be carburized into the feed liquid tank 6;
one end of the conveyor belt 2 is provided with a speed reducing motor 4, and the speed reducing motor 4 drives the conveyor belt 2 to run; the conveying directions of two adjacent conveying belts are opposite; the upper and lower conveyor belts 2 are arranged in a staggered manner; so that when the conveyor belts are operated, the materials on the surface of the first conveyor belt can naturally fall to the surface of the second conveyor belt, and thus the surfaces of all the conveyor belts can bear the materials;
one end of the return pipeline 8 is communicated with the feed liquid groove 6, and the other end is communicated with a feed liquid spray head 9; the return pipeline 8 is also connected with a return pump 7 for conveying liquid;
the number of the feed liquid spray heads 9 is 6, and the feed liquid spray heads are uniformly distributed in an area between the upper wall of the fermentation box body 11 and the first conveyor belt;
the temperature measuring device 13 is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation box body 11, and the temperature measuring device 13 comprises a plurality of temperature probes, is arranged in the box body and is used for monitoring the temperature of the fermentation materials;
the air supply device 12 is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation box body 11, is communicated with the inside of the box body, and is used for conveying cold air or hot air.
The method for fermenting the table vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device based on the back supplement type table vinegar comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing 750kg of rice chaff, 50kg of bran, 100kg of water and 100kg of vinegar grains, lifting the mixture to the uppermost conveyor belt 2 by using a feed hopper 1, starting a speed reduction motor 4 in the feeding process, driving each layer of conveyor belt, conveying the materials layer by layer from top to bottom until the materials are conveyed to the fifth conveyor belt, forming uniformly distributed fermented grain layers 5 on the surfaces of the conveyor belts after the materials are conveyed, wherein the thickness of each fermented grain layer 5 is 40cm, at the moment, closing each layer of speed reduction motor, and stopping the operation of each group of conveyor belts 2;
step 2: 300kg of fermented mash is pumped into a material liquid tank 6, is pumped to a material liquid spray head through a reflux pump 7 and a reflux pipeline 8, is uniformly sprayed to a fermented mash layer 5 of a first conveyor belt through a material liquid spray head 9, so that the fermented mash naturally permeates to the next layer of material until the fermented mash permeates to the surface of a fifth conveyor belt, and the fermented mash which is not absorbed by vinegar mash of each layer finally permeates into the material liquid tank 6 below through the fifth conveyor belt;
and step 3: monitoring the fermentation temperature in real time by using a temperature measuring device 13, maintaining the heat of a vinegar culture fermentation system by using an air supply device 12, and maintaining the temperature of fermented vinegar culture at 40 ℃ in 1 to 3 days of fermentation; fermenting for 4-10 days, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be 42 ℃; fermenting for 11-15 days, and reducing the fermentation temperature to 30 ℃ until the fermentation is finished on the 15 th day;
and 4, step 4: in the fermentation process, the penetrating fluid received by the feed liquid groove 6 is additionally sprayed to the surface of the material at intervals; the material is pumped to a material liquid spray head 9 from a return pipeline 8 through a return pump 7, and the material liquid spray head 9 uniformly sprays the material on the surface of the first conveyor belt;
the specific operation is as follows: the fermentation is carried out for 1 to 3 days and the supplementary spraying is carried out every 4 hours; the supplementary spraying is carried out every 8h from 4 th to 10 th days, and every 12h from 11 th day to the end of fermentation; the liquid amount of the additional spraying once has no specific requirement, and the additional spraying can be stopped when the liquid seeps out from the lowest-layer conveyor belt; and the next supplementary spraying is carried out according to the interval time requirement, so that the space-time efficiency of vinegar fermentation is improved.
And (4) collecting fermentation liquor after fermentation is finished, and measuring the contents of total acid, non-volatile acid, reducing sugar and amino acid nitrogen.
Comparative experiment 1:
the raw materials and components used were the same as in example 1, except that the fermentation was carried out in a cement tank for 21 days according to the conventional vinegar fermentation process.
And collecting fermentation liquor after fermentation is finished, and measuring the contents of total acid, non-volatile acid, reducing sugar and amino acid nitrogen.
The comparative effect ratios of example 1 and comparative test 1 are shown in table 1.
Table 1 comparison of the effects of example 1 and comparative experiment 1
The total acid is measured according to GB/T5009.41-2008; the determination of the non-volatile acid is carried out according to GB 18187-2000; the reducing sugar is measured according to GB/T5009.7-2008; amino acid nitrogen: the measurement was carried out by the formaldehyde method according to GB/T5009.39-2008.
As can be seen from the table 1, when the recharging type vinegar shallow solid-state fermentation device is used for vinegar and vinegar unstrained spirits fermentation, the required fermentation time is greatly reduced, the fermentation efficiency is obviously improved, the quality of the fermented product is equivalent to that of the traditional unstrained spirits turning type fermentation, and most indexes of the fermented product are superior to those of the traditional unstrained spirits turning type fermentation product.
Description of the drawings: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions described in the present invention; thus, while the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted; all such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and the present invention and protected by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A back-feeding type vinegar shallow solid fermentation device is characterized by comprising a feed hopper (1), a conveyor belt (2), a conveyor belt bracket (3), a speed reducing motor (4), a material liquid groove (6), a reflux pump (7), a reflux pipeline (8), a material liquid spray head (9), a discharge hopper (10), a fermentation box body (11), an air supply device (12) and a temperature measuring device (13);
the feed hopper (1) is arranged at the upper end of the fermentation box body (11) and is used for inputting materials;
the conveying belts (2) are arranged inside the fermentation box body (11), the number of the conveying belts (2) is n, the conveying belts are arranged in parallel from top to bottom and are sequentially marked as a first conveying belt, a second conveying belt and an … nth conveying belt; all the conveyor belts are fixed through a conveyor belt bracket (3); wherein n is not less than 3 and is a positive integer;
a feed liquid tank (6) is arranged below the nth conveyor belt; the discharging hopper (10) is arranged on one side of the fermentation box body (11) and is arranged at one end of the nth conveyor belt along the motion direction of the nth conveyor belt, namely is used for receiving the fermentation material conveyed by the nth conveyor belt after the fermentation is finished;
the conveying belt (2) is used for carrying materials, and liquid feed liquid generated in the fermentation process can permeate the conveying belt and be carburized into the feed liquid tank (6);
one end of the conveyor belt (2) is provided with a speed reducing motor (4), and the speed reducing motor (4) drives the conveyor belt (2) to run; the transmission directions of two adjacent groups are opposite; the upper and lower groups of conveyor belts (2) are arranged in a staggered manner; so that when the conveyor belts are operated, the materials on the surface of the first conveyor belt can naturally fall to the surface of the second conveyor belt, and thus the materials are loaded on the surfaces of all the conveyor belts to form a fermented grain layer (5);
one end of the return pipeline (8) is communicated with the feed liquid tank (6), and the other end of the return pipeline is communicated with a feed liquid spray head (9); the return pipeline (8) is also connected with a return pump (7) for conveying liquid;
the feed liquid spray heads (9) are arranged in the area between the upper wall of the fermentation box body (11) and the first conveyor belt;
the temperature measuring device (13) is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation box body (11), and the temperature measuring device (13) comprises a plurality of temperature probes which are arranged in the box body and used for monitoring the temperature of the fermentation materials;
the air supply device (12) is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation box body (11), is communicated with the interior of the fermentation box body and is used for conveying cold air or hot air.
2. The refilling type vinegar shallow solid state fermentation device according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the fermented grain layer (5) is 40-45 cm.
3. The shallow solid state fermentation device of vinegar with refilling function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveyor belt (2) is woven from polyethylene polymer material; n is odd number, so that the feed hopper (1) and the discharge hopper (10) are arranged on the opposite sides of the fermentation box body (11).
4. The shallow solid vinegar refilling device according to claim 3, wherein the conveyor belt brackets (3) are two groups of 316L stainless steel.
5. The refilling type vinegar shallow solid state fermentation device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid tank (6) is made of 316L stainless steel; the number of the feed liquid spray heads (9) is 2-100, and the feed liquid spray heads are uniformly distributed.
6. The shallow solid state fermentation device of vinegar with refilling function according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower cases and the left and right cases of the fermentation tank (11) are made of 316L stainless steel thin plates, and the front and rear cases are made of transparent polyethylene plates.
7. The method for fermenting by using the recharging type vinegar shallow layer solid state fermentation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: firstly, adding materials to the surface of a first conveyor belt through a feed hopper (1), starting a speed reduction motor (4) in the feeding process, driving each conveyor belt to run, enabling the materials on the surface of the first conveyor belt to naturally fall onto the surface of a second conveyor belt, conveying the materials layer by layer from top to bottom until the materials are conveyed to the surface of an nth conveyor belt, forming a fermented grain layer (5) on the surface of each conveyor belt after conveying, wherein the thickness of each fermented grain layer (5) is 40-45 cm; at the moment, the speed reducing motor (4) is turned off, and the running of all the conveyor belts is stopped;
step 2: placing the wine mash required by fermentation in a material liquid tank (6), pumping the wine mash into a material liquid spray head (9) through a reflux pump (7) by a reflux pipeline (8), uniformly spraying the material on the surface of a first conveyor belt by the material liquid spray head (9), naturally permeating the wine mash into the next layer of material until the wine mash permeates into the material on the surface of an nth conveyor belt, and finally permeating the wine mash which is not absorbed by each layer of vinegar mash into the material liquid tank (6) below through the nth conveyor belt;
and step 3: monitoring the fermentation temperature of the material in real time by using a temperature measuring device (13), and starting an air supply device (12) to input hot air if the temperature is too low; if the temperature is too high, the air supply device (12) is started to input cold air; maintaining the heat of the material fermentation system by using an air supply device (12) until the fermentation is finished; the temperature change of the whole fermentation process is 30-44 ℃, and the fermentation time is 11-15 days;
and 4, step 4: in the fermentation process, penetrating fluid received by the feed liquid tank (6) is additionally sprayed to the surface of the material at intervals of 4-12 h; the material is pumped to a material liquid spray head (9) through a return pipeline (8) by a return pump (7) and is uniformly sprayed to the surface of the first conveying belt by the material liquid spray head (9).
8. The fermentation method according to claim 7, wherein the mass of the mash required in step (2) is calculated according to the mass of the material, and 0.3-0.4 kg of mash is required for every 1kg of material.
9. The fermentation method according to claim 7, wherein the fermentation process in step 3 controls the temperature of the fermentation, in particular: fermenting for 1-3 days, and maintaining the temperature of the fermented material at 40 +/-1 ℃; fermenting for 4-10 days, and controlling the temperature of the fermented material at 42 +/-2 ℃; the fermentation temperature dropped to 30 ℃ from the 11 th day to the end of the fermentation.
10. The fermentation method according to claim 7, wherein the specific operation of supplementing spraying to the surface of the material every 4-12h in step 4 is as follows: the fermentation is carried out for 1 to 3 days and the supplementary spraying is carried out every 4 hours; the supplementary spraying is carried out every 8h from 4 th to 10 th days, and every 12h from 11 th day to the end of fermentation; the liquid amount of the additional spraying once has no specific requirement, and the additional spraying can be stopped when the liquid seeps out from the lowest-layer conveyor belt; and performing the next additional spraying according to the interval time requirement.
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