CN114537126A - 车辆的动力系统 - Google Patents

车辆的动力系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114537126A
CN114537126A CN202111331552.7A CN202111331552A CN114537126A CN 114537126 A CN114537126 A CN 114537126A CN 202111331552 A CN202111331552 A CN 202111331552A CN 114537126 A CN114537126 A CN 114537126A
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China
Prior art keywords
machine
coupled
section
mode selection
driveline
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Pending
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CN202111331552.7A
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English (en)
Inventor
B·汉农
J·范丁格恩
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Dana Belgium NV
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Dana Belgium NV
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Publication of CN114537126A publication Critical patent/CN114537126A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
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    • B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B60K17/346—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

本文件涉及一种车辆的动力系统，该动力系统包括：第一机器，该第一机器可释放地联接到第一动力传动系部段；第二电动机器，该第二电动机器驱动第二动力传动系部段；以及第三电动机器。第一和第二动力传动系部段均在第一齿轮组中联接到第三动力传动系部段，该第三动力传动系部段直接或间接地联接到至少一个第一车轮组。第一齿轮组允许第一动力传动系部段和第二动力传动系部段的灵活速度比。第三机器联接到模式选择装置。在模式选择装置的第一位置中，第三机器可释放地联接到第一动力传动系部段。

Description

车辆的动力系统
技术领域
本公开的主题适用于汽车技术领域，且尤其包括动力传递的概念。
背景技术
通常现代车辆不仅由燃烧式发动机驱动，而且附加地包括电动机器或发动机，或者更一般地说，与燃烧式发动机不同的机器类型。
从公开的现有技术中，已知在车辆的动力传递中实现了不同发动机或机器的联接或组合的不同概念。
例如，US 2019/0291711涉及在车辆动力传动系统中操作第一和第二电动发动机的方法。
US 6,416,437公开了具有两个电动马达以及燃烧式发动机的车辆。
US 6258006涉及混合动力车辆的动力变速器。
EP 1 199 204公开了一种用于具有组合发动机和两个电动马达的拖拉机的驱动器。
因此，需要能以高模块化和低复杂性实现的车辆动力系统。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种车辆的动力系统，该动力系统包括：第一机器，特别是燃烧机器，该燃烧机器可释放地联接到第一动力传动系部段；第二电动机器，特别是驱动第二动力传动系部段的电动马达；以及第三电动机器，特别是电动马达，
其中第一和第二动力传动系部段均在第一齿轮组中或通过第一齿轮组联接到第三动力传动系部段，该第三动力传动系部段直接地或间接地联接到至少一个第一车轮组，
其中第一齿轮组允许第一动力传动系部段和第二动力传动系部段的灵活速度比，以及
其中第三机器联接到模式选择装置，其中模式选择装置具有至少两个位置，且其中在模式选择装置的第一位置中，第三机器可释放地联接到第一动力传动系部段。
该动力系统可以以模块化的方式实施，其中每个第二和第三电动机器可以是可更换的模块，该可更换的模块包括电动马达、可能的逆变器以及还可能的控制单元和电池。第二和第三机器也可用作发电机，并可连接到车辆的同一个电池。
第一机器可以是以气体或液态气体为燃料的常规燃烧机器。
第一、第二和第三动力传动系部段可各自实现为模块，该模块包括轴、轴的组合或者轴、联接元件、离合器和可能的大齿轮或齿轮的组合。
第一齿轮组可以是具有机械齿轮的模块，其中行星齿轮是有吸引力的实现方式。
模式选择装置可实现为模块，该模块包括离合器、离合器的组合、一个或多个具有齿轮的离合器的组合等。
上述的每个模块可以用一种或多种特定的方式实现，并且根据待装配的特定车辆的需要和要求，该模块可以与其他模块配合在一起并一起工作。
通过模式选择装置，第三机器可与第一动力传动系部段直接且可释放地联接，从而可与第一齿轮组的输入侧联接。
此外，第三机器还可以可释放地或不可释放地与第一附加取力器联接，该取力器为车辆的任何附加集合体提供动力。
本发明的实施方式还涉及一种动力系统，其中在模式选择装置的第二位置中，第三机器可释放地联接到第三动力传动系部段。
这样在模式选择装置的第二位置中，第三机器可与第一齿轮组的输出侧以及一个或两个车轮组直接地联接。
另一个实施方案涉及一种动力系统，其中模式选择装置具有三个位置，其中在模式选择装置的第一位置中，第三机器可释放地联接到第一动力传动系部段，其中在模式选择装置的第二位置中，第三机器可释放地联接到第三动力传动系部段，以及其中在模式选择装置的第三位置中，第三机器从第一和第三动力传动系部段均解联接。
模式选择装置的这个版本描述了一组位置，如果模块化的模式选择装置包括诸如两个离合器或具有三个位置的离合器，则可以选择这些位置。这种模式选择装置也可包括多个齿轮或具有离合器的变速箱。
也可以规定模式选择装置是离合器。
本发明还可以通过系统来实现，其中第一齿轮组是具有太阳齿轮的行星齿轮、由行星齿轮架支撑的至少一个行星齿轮以及环形齿轮。
行星齿轮是精巧的齿轮解决方案，其允许在两个独立的输入接口处主动驱动齿轮，并在输出接口处驱动动力传动系部段，其中两个输入接口可以以不同的速度和灵活的速度关系驱动。不同的接口可以与太阳齿轮、环形齿轮以及行星齿轮或行星齿轮架联接。
又一个实施方案可规定第一动力传动系部段和第二动力传动系部段中的一个联接到太阳齿轮，而另一个则联接到环形齿轮，其中第三动力传动系部段与齿轮架联接。
此外，如上所述，可以规定第三电动机器联接到第一附加取力器。
本发明还可规定第三动力传动系部段直接或间接地联接到第二车轮组和/或第二附加取力器。以这种方式，动力系统可以提供机会以实现前轮驱动、后轮驱动和全轮驱动，并具有在不同的驱动模式之间切换的可能性。
在再一个实施方式中，可以规定第一动力传动系部段和/或第二和/或第三动力传动系部段各自包括至少一个副轴齿轮以及一个或多个湿式离合器。该实施方式可能比行星齿轮更复杂，但在某些情况下可能更容易实现或更灵活。
还有一个实施方式可以规定第一和第二车轮组彼此刚性连接，或者可通过齿式离合器断开或通过桥间差速器连接，其中桥间差速器可包括锁止功能。在车轮组之间的这些不同的联接选项可能会提高效率并减少轮胎磨损。然而，如果司机可以灵活地选择不同的模式，那就更加舒适了。
本发明的另一个选项是，第一和第二车轮组中的至少一个通过具有锁止可能性的桥间差速器可释放地联接到另一个车轮组。
这种实施方式允许车轮组之间的联接和解联接，这在某些行驶状况下具有优势。
还可以规定，第一机器通过离合器或通过齿轮和离合器的布置联接到第一动力传动系部段，该齿轮和离合器的布置允许第一动力传动系部段的旋转方向的改变。
该构造允许第一动力传动系部段的旋转方向的灵活改变。
附图说明
在下文中，将通过示出具体实施例的附图来说明本发明，这些具体实施例将在下面进一步解释。
附图中：
图1示出了本发明的模块化的概念的抽象示意图，以及
图2在示意杆图(stick diagram)中示出了更具体的实施方式示例。
具体实施方式
图1以抽象的示意图示出了车辆的动力系统，该动力系统具有第一机器1和第二机器2，该第一机器1在大多数情况下是燃烧式发动机，该第二机器2通常是可以作为发电机使用的电动马达。电动马达2连接到电池、可能的逆变器以及控制单元，其中图1中只示出了电动马达2。
第一机器1驱动第一动力传动系部段4，而第二电动机器2驱动第二动力传动系部段5。第一和/或第二动力传动系部段4、5可包括一个或多个轴。它们还可包括齿轮或其他可传递运动的元件。
在第一动力传动系部段4中提供了元件14，该元件14允许第一机器1与第一齿轮组7联接和解联接。元件14也可以允许旋转方向的反转，且在这种情况下，元件14可实现为齿轮。通常，元件14也可以是离合器。
第一和第二动力传动系部段4、5在第一齿轮组7中彼此联接，该第一齿轮组7可实现为行星齿轮。第一和第二动力传动系部段4、5可以作为对第一齿轮组7的运动输入或动能输入。第一齿轮组7还联接到作为动力或动能输出的第三动力传动系部段6。第三动力传动系部段6联接到至少一个车轮组11。第三动力传动系部段6也可以可释放地联接到第二车轮组12。
在第三动力部段6和第二车轮组12之间的连接中的可释放的离合器用标识13指示。第三动力传动系部段6也可以与第一取力器9联接。所述第一取力器9可用于驱动车辆的附加集合体。
提供了第三机器3并与模式选择装置8联接，该第三机器3通常实现为可以在马达或发电机模式下工作的电动发动机。模式选择装置8具有至少两个位置：在第一位置中，所述模式选择装置可释放地将第三机器3与第一动力传动系部段4联接。在第二位置中，所述模式选择装置8将第三机器3与第三动力传动系部段6联接。通过这种方式，第三机器3可以在不同的模式下支持第一和第二机器中的一台或多台。第三机器3还可联接到第二取力器10，该第二取力器10可用作驱动车辆中的第二附加集合体。
第一车轮组11联接到第二车轮组12，该第一车轮组11可以是前车轮组或后车轮组，而该第二车轮组12可以是后车轮组或前车轮组。在两个车轮组11、12之间的联接件可实现为桥间差速器。此处，桥间差速器包括在或实现在变速器中。
模式选择装置8可实现为齿轮、或具有一个或多个离合器的齿轮、或具有两个或三个位置的离合器。在第一位置中，如上所述，模式选择装置将第三机器与第一动力传动系部段连接，而在第二位置中，模式选择装置8将第三机器与第三动力传动系部段连接。在中间的第三位置中，模式选择装置将第三机器从动力传动系部段解联接。
在图2中，车辆的动力系统以更具体的实施方式示出。图2以附加图示的方式示出了根据本发明的动力系统，该动力系统在某些方面比图1的图示更具体。
第一机器1驱动第一动力传动系部段4。第一动力传动系部段4包括离合器14，该离合器14允许第一机器从第一动力传动系部段4解联接，并允许恢复第一动力传动系部段的旋转方向。包括有轴的第一动力传动系部段4与行星齿轮7的环形齿轮15连接。第二电动机器2驱动第二动力传动系部段5，该第二动力传动系部段5包括连接到行星齿轮7的太阳轮16的轴。行星齿轮7的行星齿轮架17由环形齿轮15和太阳齿轮16驱动，并通过第一输出齿轮18和第二输出齿轮19连接到第一车轮组11。此外，行星齿轮架连接到模式选择装置8的第二部分8b，该第二部分8b可与第三机器3可释放地联接。根据模式选择装置的位置，模式选择装置的第一部分8a也可与第三机器3联接。模式选择装置8作为整体在图2中用虚线表示。它通常由可移动的离合器组成。
第二电动机器2电气连接到逆变器2a，该逆变器连接到电池2b。第三电动机器3电气连接到逆变器3a，该逆变器连接到电池3b。电池2b和3b可以是同一个装置。第三机器3通过齿轮20联接到第二取力器10。在行星齿轮7的输出侧，齿轮18联接到第一取力器9。第二车轮组12通过轴连接到第一车轮组11。在第一和第二车轮组11、12之间，可以提供齿轮和/或离合器21。在行星齿轮7输出侧的齿轮18和齿轮23之间也可提供齿轮和/或离合器22。齿轮23联接到齿轮18并在另一侧将动力传递给第一车轮组11。
总体而言，根据本发明的动力系统的元件是以模块化的方式设置的，使得每个模块都可以由另一个满足相同或类似功能的模块所替代。这三个不同的机器通过在不同水平上或在动力传动系的不同点处联接不同的机器，从而可用于以不同的驱动模式驱动车辆。

Claims (11)

1.车辆的动力系统，包括：
第一机器(1)，尤其是燃烧机器，其可释放地联接到第一动力传动系部段(4)，
第二电动机器(2)，尤其是驱动第二动力传动系部段(5)的电动马达，以及第三电动机器(3)，尤其是电动马达，
其中所述第一和第二动力传动系部段(4、5)均在第一齿轮组(7)中联接到第三动力传动系部段(6)，所述第三动力传动系部段(6)直接或间接地联接到至少一个第一车轮组(11、12)，
其中所述第一齿轮组允许所述第一动力传动系部段和所述第二动力传动系部段的灵活速度比，以及
其中，所述第三机器(3)联接到模式选择装置(8)，其中所述模式选择装置具有至少两个位置，且其中在所述模式选择装置的第一位置中，所述第三机器可释放地联接到所述第一动力传动系部段。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统，其特征在于，在所述模式选择装置(8)的第二位置中，所述第三机器(3)可释放地联接到所述第三动力传动系部段(6)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的动力系统，其特征在于，所述模式选择装置(8)具有三个位置，其中在所述模式选择装置的第一位置中，所述第三机器(3)可释放地联接到所述第一动力传动系部段(4)，其中在所述模式选择装置的第二位置中，所述第三机器可释放地联接到所述第三动力传动系部段(6)，以及其中在所述模式选择装置的第三位置中，所述第三机器从所述第一和第三动力传动系部段均解联接。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的动力系统，其特征在于，所述第一齿轮组(7)是行星齿轮，所述行星齿轮具有太阳齿轮(16)、由行星齿轮架(17)支撑的至少一个行星齿轮(17a)以及环形齿轮(15)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的动力系统，其特征在于，所述第一动力传动系部段(4)和所述第二动力传动系部段(5)中的一个联接到所述太阳齿轮(16)，而另一个联接到所述环形齿轮(15)，且其中所述第三动力传动系部段(6)联接到所述齿轮架(17)。
6.根据前述权利要求中一项或多项所述的动力系统，其特征在于，所述模式选择装置(8)是离合器。
7.根据前述权利要求中一项或多项所述的动力系统，其特征在于，所述第三电动机器(3)联接到第一附加取力器(10)。
8.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的动力系统，其特征在于，所述第三动力传动系部段(6)直接或间接地联接到第二车轮组(12)和/或第二附加取力器(9)。
9.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的动力系统，其特征在于，所述第一动力传动系部段(4)和/或所述第二和/或所述第三动力传动系部段(5、6)各自包括至少一个副轴齿轮以及一个或多个湿式离合器。
10.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的动力系统，其特征在于，第一和第二车轮组(11、12)彼此刚性地连接，或者通过齿式离合器断开或通过桥间差速器连接，所述桥间差速器优选地包括锁止功能。
11.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的动力系统，其特征在于，所述第一机器(1)通过离合器(14)或通过齿轮和离合器的布置联接至所述第一动力传动系部段(4)，所述齿轮和离合器的布置允许所述第一动力传动系部段的旋转方向的改变。
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