CN114535732A - Forced liquid pumping and chip removal machining device and method for high-speed electric spark small hole machining - Google Patents
Forced liquid pumping and chip removal machining device and method for high-speed electric spark small hole machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN114535732A CN114535732A CN202210365738.2A CN202210365738A CN114535732A CN 114535732 A CN114535732 A CN 114535732A CN 202210365738 A CN202210365738 A CN 202210365738A CN 114535732 A CN114535732 A CN 114535732A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 abstract description 51
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a forced liquid pumping and chip removal processing device and method for high-speed electric spark small hole processing, wherein the processing device comprises an electric spark processing device and a liquid pumping device. The electric spark machining device comprises an electrode with an inner through hole, and the liquid pumping device is communicated with the inner through hole so as to pump working liquid between the electrode and a workpiece outwards. Compared with the prior art, the invention pumps the working fluid containing the corrosion-removal particles out of the discharge area through the liquid pumping device, changes the chip removal direction of the traditional high-speed electric spark small hole machining, and avoids secondary discharge, thereby improving the hole machining precision and improving the discharge stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric spark machining, in particular to a forced liquid pumping and chip removal machining device and method for high-speed electric spark small hole machining.
Background
The high-speed electric spark small hole machining technology is commonly used in the machining process of tiny hole characteristics of parts such as air film cooling holes, engine oil nozzles and the like, and compared with the traditional machining mode, the method has the characteristics of no influence of physical properties such as hardness, rigidity and the like of machined materials, no macroscopic cutting force, high efficiency, low cost and the like, and is a widely used small hole machining method.
In the machining process, deionized water or spark oil is usually added into a liquid tank in which the electrode and the workpiece are positioned, or high-pressure internal flushing liquid of the hollow electrode is utilized to play roles of acting as a dielectric, accelerating gap cooling and the like. On the other hand, the quick flow of the working fluid can timely bring the corrosion removal particles away from the discharge area, so that the chip removal is promoted, and the continuous discharge machining process is ensured. A great deal of research shows that the discharge of the discharge product in time has important significance for maintaining the stability of the machining process and reducing secondary discharge, so that the flow form of the working solution and the chip removal effect closely related to the flow form have great influence on the final machining efficiency and the surface quality.
At present, the electric spark small hole machining usually adopts a working fluid flowing method combining internal flushing liquid and external flushing liquid, namely, on one hand, the internal flushing liquid is realized by introducing high-pressure liquid into a hollow tubular electrode, and on the other hand, the external flushing liquid is realized by a nozzle in a local discharge area outside the electrode. In this way, the high-pressure working fluid moves to the discharge area along the hollow pipe in the electrode at a high speed, and forms a large impact force on the erosion particles generated in the area, so that the erosion particles are forced to move in the opposite direction of feeding in the small side area formed by the machined surface of the workpiece and the outer side wall of the electrode, and finally are discharged. Although the method can bring the erosion particles away from the discharge gap in time, the erosion particles moving along a narrow side surface area are easy to contact with the workpiece or the electrode or suspend in the side surface gap, so that the electric field intensity at the local position of the area is increased, secondary discharge occurs on the machined surface of the workpiece and the outer side wall of the electrode, the surface quality of the workpiece is influenced, the electrode loss is caused, and on the other hand, the side surface discharge phenomenon can be mistakenly detected as end surface discharge to influence axial servo feeding, so that the machining speed is influenced. When the processing depth of the small hole is gradually increased, the erosion particles accumulated in the narrow side area are more difficult to discharge in a short time, so that the secondary discharge phenomenon is also obviously increased, the stability of the processing process is deteriorated, and the development of the electric spark small hole processing to the scale with larger depth-diameter ratio is restricted to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for forcibly pumping liquid and removing chips in high-speed electric spark small hole machining.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention discloses a forced liquid pumping and chip removal processing device for high-speed electric spark small hole processing, which comprises an electric spark processing device, wherein the electric spark processing device comprises an electrode with an internal through hole, and further comprises:
and the liquid pumping device is communicated with the internal through hole so as to pump the working liquid between the electrode and the workpiece outwards.
Preferably, the electric discharge machining apparatus further includes:
a support;
the feeding main shaft is arranged on the bracket and is connected with the electrode so as to drive the electrode to be close to and far away from the workpiece;
the guider is fixed on the support to guide the electrode when the electrode moves, so that the electrode moves along a straight line.
Preferably, the electric discharge machining apparatus further includes a dip tank located below the electrode.
Preferably, the electric discharge machining apparatus further includes a liquid supply device configured to stably output a working liquid to a discharge region of the workpiece.
Preferably, the liquid pumping device comprises a liquid pumping pipe and a liquid pumping pump, wherein the first end of the liquid pumping pipe is connected with the suction end of the liquid pumping pump, and the second end of the liquid pumping pipe is connected with the inner through hole.
Preferably, the electrode is tubular.
The invention also discloses a forced liquid pumping and chip removal processing method for high-speed electric spark small hole processing, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting the electrode with the inner through hole on a feeding main shaft, and restraining the movement direction of the electrode through a guider;
s2, connecting a liquid pumping device with the internal through hole to ensure that working liquid between the electrode and the workpiece can be forcibly discharged from the internal through hole through the liquid pumping device;
s3, completely immersing the workpiece in the working solution all the time; or installing a liquid supply device, enabling the liquid supply device to stably output working liquid for the discharge area of the workpiece, starting the liquid supply device and the liquid extraction device, setting the initial liquid extraction flow of the liquid extraction device, and then continuously increasing the liquid supply flow of the liquid supply device until the discharge area is always in an immersion state;
s4, performing electric spark small hole machining, and gradually increasing the liquid extraction flow and the liquid supply flow in the process of gradually increasing the drilling depth and keeping the flow all the time;
and S5, acquiring interelectrode voltage and current information in the machining process, calculating the spark discharge rate, and adjusting the liquid pumping flow and the liquid pumping pressure to ensure stable discharge when the electrode has frequent short circuit backspacing phenomenon and the spark discharge rate is greatly reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention discharges the erosion particles in the discharge gap between the electrode and the workpiece through the internal through hole in a suction mode, and the erosion particles cannot contact with the machined surface of the workpiece, so that secondary discharge cannot be caused. The discharge only occurs at the bottom of the electrode and the hole, and the discharge stability is obviously improved. The accumulation of the erosion particles in the discharge gap and the outer side wall of the electrode is avoided, so that the stable and continuous discharge process of the electrode end face is maintained, and the capability of processing hole parts with large depth-diameter ratio by using the electric spark technology is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forced fluid pumping and chip removal machining device for high-speed electric discharge small hole machining in the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a position of the liquid supply apparatus;
description of reference numerals: 1-a feed spindle; 2-an electrode; 3-a guide; 4-immersion liquid groove; 5-a liquid pumping pipe; 6-liquid pump; 7-a discharge gap; 8-etching off particles; 9-working solution; 10-a workpiece; and 11-a liquid supply device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for forcibly pumping liquid and removing chips in high-speed electric spark small hole machining.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment provides a forced fluid pumping and chip removal processing device (hereinafter referred to as a processing device) for high-speed electric spark small hole processing, which is particularly suitable for processing small holes with a large depth-diameter ratio of 0.1 to 3mm in diameter, and comprises an electric spark processing device and a fluid pumping device. The electric discharge machining apparatus includes an electrode 2 having an inner through hole, and a liquid suction device communicating with the inner through hole to suck out a working liquid 9 between the electrode 2 and a workpiece 10.
The principle of the processing device is as follows: the hole wall of the small hole on the workpiece 10 is a processed surface, the hole bottom of the small hole is a surface to be processed, and one end of the electrode 2 extends into the small hole. Under the suction action of the liquid pumping device, the erosion particles 8 in the discharge gap 7 between the electrode 2 and the workpiece 10 are discharged through the internal through hole and cannot contact with the machined surface (namely the hole wall) of the workpiece 10, so that secondary discharge cannot be caused, the discharge only occurs at the electrode 2 and the hole bottom, and the discharge stability is obviously improved. The machining device can avoid accumulation of the erosion particles 8 in the discharge gap 7 and the outer side wall of the electrode 2, is beneficial to maintaining a stable and continuous discharge process of the end face of the electrode 2, and improves the capability of machining hole parts with large depth-diameter ratio by using an electric spark technology.
In this embodiment, the electric discharge machining apparatus further includes a support, a feeding spindle 1, and a guide 3, where the feeding spindle 1 is mounted on the support and connected to the electrode 2 to drive the electrode 2 to approach and be away from the workpiece 10. The guider 3 is fixed on the bracket and sleeved outside the electrode 2 so as to guide the electrode 2 when the electrode 2 moves, so that the electrode 2 moves along a straight line.
Further, in this embodiment, the electric discharge machining apparatus further includes an immersion liquid tank 4, and the immersion liquid tank 4 is located below the electrode 2. The immersion liquid tank 4 contains the working liquid 9, and the workpiece 10 is placed in the immersion liquid tank 4 to ensure that the discharge area of the workpiece 10 is always covered with the working liquid 9. However, the actual implementation is not limited thereto. For example, a person skilled in the art may also arrange a liquid supply device (e.g., a liquid spray device) to enable the liquid supply device to stably output the working liquid 9 for the discharge region of the workpiece 10.
In this embodiment, the liquid drawing device comprises a liquid drawing tube 5 and a liquid drawing pump 6, wherein the first end of the liquid drawing tube 5 is connected with the suction end of the liquid drawing pump 6, and the second end of the liquid drawing tube 5 is connected with the inner through hole. According to different actual needs, other types of liquid extracting devices can be selected by the person skilled in the art as long as the liquid extracting function can be realized.
In the present embodiment, the shape of the electrode 2 is preferably a circular tube, and those skilled in the art may select other types of electrodes 2 such as a square tube.
The embodiment also provides a machining method for forcibly pumping liquid and removing chips in high-speed electric spark small hole machining (hereinafter referred to as a machining method), which uses the machining device and comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting the electrode 2 with the inner through hole on the feeding spindle 1 to realize the linear feeding of the electrode 2, and restricting the movement direction of the electrode 2 by sleeving the guider 3 on the outer side of the electrode 2;
s2, connecting the liquid pumping device with the internal through hole to ensure that the working liquid 9 between the electrode 2 and the workpiece 10 can be forcibly discharged from the internal through hole through the liquid pumping device;
s3, completely immersing the workpiece 10 in the working solution 9 all the time; or installing a liquid supply device, enabling the liquid supply device to stably output working liquid 9 for a discharge area of the workpiece 10, starting the liquid supply device and the liquid extraction device, setting the initial liquid extraction flow of the liquid extraction device, and then continuously increasing the liquid supply flow of the liquid supply device until the discharge area is always in an immersion state;
s4, performing electric spark small hole machining, and gradually increasing the liquid pumping flow and the liquid supply flow in the process of gradually increasing the drilling depth and keeping the flow all the time;
and S5, acquiring interelectrode voltage and current information in the machining process, calculating the spark discharge rate, and adjusting the liquid pumping flow and the liquid pumping pressure to ensure stable discharge when the electrode 2 has frequent short circuit backspacing phenomenon and the spark discharge rate is greatly reduced.
Since the working fluid 9 containing the erosion particles 8 on the surface of the workpiece 10 is also pumped out by the fluid pumping device in the machining method, the erosion particles 8 are discharged through the inner through holes, and do not contact the machined surface of the workpiece 10, and also do not cause secondary discharge. Therefore, the effect of the processing method is the same as that of the processing device, and the description is omitted here.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fluid extraction chip removal processingequipment is forced in high-speed electric spark aperture processing, includes electric spark processingequipment, electric spark processingequipment is including the electrode that has inside through-hole, its characterized in that still includes:
and the liquid pumping device is communicated with the internal through hole so as to pump the working liquid between the electrode and the workpiece outwards.
2. The high-speed electric spark small hole machining forced liquid and chip extraction machining device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a support;
the feeding main shaft is arranged on the bracket and is connected with the electrode so as to drive the electrode to be close to and far away from the workpiece;
the guider is fixed on the support to guide the electrode when the electrode moves, so that the electrode moves along a straight line.
3. The high-speed electric discharge small hole machining forced liquid and chip extraction machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that the electric discharge machining device further comprises a liquid immersion tank which is located below the electrode.
4. The high-speed electric discharge small hole machining forced liquid pumping and chip removal machining device according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid supply device, wherein the liquid supply device is used for stably outputting working liquid for a discharge area of the workpiece.
5. The high-speed electric spark small hole machining forced liquid pumping and chip removal machining device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid pumping device comprises a liquid pumping pipe and a liquid pumping pump, a first end of the liquid pumping pipe is connected with a suction end of the liquid pumping pump, and a second end of the liquid pumping pipe is connected with the inner through hole.
6. The high-speed electric discharge small hole machining forced liquid and chip extraction machining device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is in a circular tube shape.
7. A forced liquid pumping and chip removal machining method for high-speed electric spark small hole machining is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting the electrode with the inner through hole on a feeding main shaft, and restraining the movement direction of the electrode through a guider;
s2, connecting a liquid pumping device with the internal through hole to ensure that working liquid between the electrode and the workpiece can be forcibly discharged from the internal through hole through the liquid pumping device;
s3, completely immersing the workpiece in the working solution all the time; or installing a liquid supply device, enabling the liquid supply device to stably output working liquid for the discharge area of the workpiece, starting the liquid supply device and the liquid extraction device, setting the initial liquid extraction flow of the liquid extraction device, and then continuously increasing the liquid supply flow of the liquid supply device until the discharge area is always in an immersion state;
s4, performing electric spark small hole machining, and gradually increasing the liquid extraction flow and the liquid supply flow in the process of gradually increasing the drilling depth and keeping the flow all the time;
and S5, acquiring interelectrode voltage and current information in the machining process, calculating the spark discharge rate, and adjusting the liquid pumping flow and the liquid pumping pressure to ensure stable discharge when the electrode has frequent short circuit backspacing phenomenon and the spark discharge rate is greatly reduced.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210365738.2A CN114535732A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Forced liquid pumping and chip removal machining device and method for high-speed electric spark small hole machining |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210365738.2A CN114535732A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Forced liquid pumping and chip removal machining device and method for high-speed electric spark small hole machining |
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| CN114535732A true CN114535732A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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| CN109848492A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-07 | 安徽理工大学 | The self-priming reflux electrochemical machining method of pipe electrode high speed rotation |
| CN110102840A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-09 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of particles reiforced metal-base composition processing unit (plant) and processing method |
| CN111673210A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-18 | 上海交通大学 | High-speed electric arc machining device and method adopting resorption type electrode |
| CN111673209A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-18 | 上海交通大学 | High-speed arc machining inner flushing liquid negative pressure suction device and machining method |
| CN111975145A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-24 | 大连理工大学 | Suction type tube electrode micro deep hole electrolytic machining device and method thereof |
| CN113828875A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-24 | 广东工业大学 | Electrolytic slotting device and electrolytic machining machine tool |
-
2022
- 2022-04-08 CN CN202210365738.2A patent/CN114535732A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04283024A (en) * | 1990-12-28 | 1992-10-08 | Makino Milling Mach Co Ltd | Machining liquid drawing device for electric discharge machine |
| CN2541111Y (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-03-26 | 嘉升机电工业股份有限公司 | Discharging pore processor having dual-purpose of drilling and tapping |
| TW200536642A (en) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-16 | C L Kuo | Electric discharge machine with a plurality of hollow metallic tube electrodes |
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