CN114534158A - Composite stabilizer with waste incineration fly ash heavy metal stability - Google Patents
Composite stabilizer with waste incineration fly ash heavy metal stability Download PDFInfo
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- CN114534158A CN114534158A CN202011396633.0A CN202011396633A CN114534158A CN 114534158 A CN114534158 A CN 114534158A CN 202011396633 A CN202011396633 A CN 202011396633A CN 114534158 A CN114534158 A CN 114534158A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- heavy metal
- dithiocarbamate
- composite stabilizer
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000006084 composite stabilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LMBWSYZSUOEYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyldithiocarbamic acid Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(S)=S LMBWSYZSUOEYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GSFSVEDCYBDIGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-6-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 GSFSVEDCYBDIGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- FAZZEPKGCXXHHD-UHFFFAOYSA-M [K+].C(N)([S-])=S.N1CCNCC1 Chemical compound [K+].C(N)([S-])=S.N1CCNCC1 FAZZEPKGCXXHHD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- AGKZZTAKVYWQLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid;piperazine Chemical compound NC(S)=S.C1CNCCN1 AGKZZTAKVYWQLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940116901 diethyldithiocarbamate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- MZGNSEAPZQGJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldithiocarbamic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(S)=S MZGNSEAPZQGJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950004394 ditiocarb Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TVPFLPJBESCUKI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;n,n-dimethylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound [K+].CN(C)C([S-])=S TVPFLPJBESCUKI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HDMUZJSYDIHERE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium piperazine carbamodithioate Chemical group C(N)([S-])=S.N1CCNCC1.[Na+] HDMUZJSYDIHERE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OFZRVUCVOAUMDT-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;n,n-diethylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound [K+].CCN(CC)C([S-])=S OFZRVUCVOAUMDT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 210000000695 crystalline len Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000783 metal toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005623 Carcinogenesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ODEGFPCTGGIJCF-UHFFFAOYSA-A P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+] ODEGFPCTGGIJCF-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036952 cancer formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000504 carcinogenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- LTUGGBOPBQPPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-A octadecasodium;hexaphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LTUGGBOPBQPPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 210000001685 thyroid gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite stabilizer with waste incineration fly ash heavy metal stability, which is prepared by compounding 40-60% of organic chelating agent, 25-40% of inorganic chelating agent and 10-30% of inorganic alkaline substance according to the weight percentage of raw materials. The composite stabilizer obtained by the invention has the advantages of cheap and easily obtained raw materials, small addition amount, no secondary pollution and the like. Better heavy metal stabilization effect is obtained by matching different medicaments and complementing different activities and selectivity, and the heavy metal leaching toxicity of the stabilized product meets the limit requirement of the domestic garbage incineration fly ash pollution control standard (GB 16889-2008). Compared with the conventional medicament, the chelating capacity of the composite stabilizer is 2-10% higher than that of the common commercially available chelating agent, and the harmless treatment cost of the fly ash can be obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, particularly belongs to the field of stabilizing and curing treatment of heavy metal pollution waste in hazardous waste treatment technology, and particularly relates to the field of stabilizing and curing treatment of household garbage incineration fly ash.
Background
The domestic garbage incineration fly ash is fine grey powder, and has the characteristics of low water content, irregular shapes such as rod-shaped, multi-cutin-shaped, cotton-shaped, spherical and the like, uneven particle size, high porosity and large specific surface area. The fly ash is rich in high-content and easily leached heavy metals and dioxin, is listed as dangerous waste by various countries in the world (China, code HW18), and is usually treated by landfill.
In recent years, various fly ash disposal techniques have been studied at home and abroad, including thermal treatments such as solidification and stabilization, separation and extraction, sintering and melting, and other methods such as carbon/iron slurry. However, the large-scale industrialized disposal technology mainly focuses on 2 types: after the chelating agent is stabilized, landfill treatment and cement kiln cooperative treatment or sintered ceramsite resource utilization are carried out, but the resource utilization has the problems of high treatment cost and large-scale popularization economy. The most widely used is landfill disposal after stabilization of chelating agents.
The stabilization of the chelating agent is a process of converting the toxic substances in the fly ash into substances with low solubility, low dissolution and low toxicity by utilizing the chemical reaction between the agent and the toxic substances. Compared with other stabilizing technologies, the waste can be harmlessly treated, and the purpose of little or no capacity increase of the waste can be achieved. At present, chelating agents are divided into two categories, namely inorganic chelating agents and organic chelating agents, wherein the inorganic chelating agents mainly comprise phosphates, sulfides, calcium oxide/sodium/magnesium oxide and the like; the organic chelating agent mainly comprises thiourea, Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), Dithiocarbamates (DTCs), sulfhydryl compounds, thiocarbonate and the like.
The organic chelating agent has the advantages of small dosage, high stabilization degree, small capacity increase and the like, and is widely applied. But the organic chelating agent reacts with the heavy metal to form a "multi-bond polymer" rather than a mineral. The organic chelate is decomposed along with the environment such as temperature, humidity, pH and the like in a landfill due to aging or reaction with foreign matters (such as acid rain), so that heavy metal cations cannot be bonded continuously, and the heavy metal cations are leached again to return to the environment. Common organic sulfur-DTC compounds have strong hydrophilicity, can react with heavy metals to generate multi-bond polymers, and can be decomposed into carbon disulfide (with toxicity), methylamine (with toxicity and flammability) or other amines after a period of time, even a few months, when meeting rainwater. These decomposition by-products are not decomposed even after cooking, may cause mutation, carcinogenesis and malformation to human health, may affect nervous system, thyroid gland, liver, etc., and may be environmentally and ecologically toxic to fish.
Inorganic agents such as phosphate, sulfide and the like can convert heavy metal ions into bonded crystalline lens which can exist stably for a long time through chemical reaction, namely, a stable mineral structure with extremely low solubility is formed, so that the bonded crystalline lens is harmless and cannot enter an ecosystem, and good long-term stability is obtained. For example, the phosphate can mineralize and convert heavy metals into extremely stable forms, and has good long-term stability; the disadvantages are slow reactivity with heavy metals and large addition amount.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem of single use of the existing chelating agent and provide a compound medicament with small addition amount and good stabilization effect so as to control the stabilization treatment cost of the household garbage incineration fly ash and meet the safety requirement of fly ash treatment. The invention is also suitable for stabilizing treatment of wastewater, sludge, soil, industrial waste residue and the like polluted by heavy metal.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a composite stabilizer with heavy metal stability of waste incineration fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: is compounded with organic chelating agent in 40-60 wt%, inorganic chelating agent in 25-40 wt% and inorganic alkali matter in 10-30 wt%.
The organic chelating agent is one or a mixture of several of dimethyldithiocarbamate, diethyldithiocarbamate and piperazine dithiocarbamate.
Further, the dimethyl dithiocarbamate is sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate or potassium dimethyl dithiocarbamate; the diethyl dithiocarbamate is sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate and potassium diethyl dithiocarbamate; the piperazine dithiocarbamate is piperazine sodium dithiocarbamate or piperazine potassium dithiocarbamate.
The inorganic chelating agent is one or a mixture of more of phosphate and ferric salt.
Further, the phosphate includes any one of sodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, trisodium hydrogen phosphate, tripotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hexaphosphate, and potassium hexaphosphate.
Further, the iron salt comprises one or a mixture of several of ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride and ferrous chloride.
The inorganic alkaline substance is any one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or sodium oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the composite stabilizer obtained by the invention has the advantages of cheap and easily obtained raw materials, small addition amount, no secondary pollution and the like. Better heavy metal stabilization effect is obtained by matching different medicaments and complementing different activities and selectivity, and the leaching toxicity of the heavy metal of the stabilized product still meets the limit requirement of the pollution control standard of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (GB 16889-2008). Compared with the conventional medicament, the chelating capacity of the composite stabilizer is 2-10% higher than that of the common commercially available chelating agent, and the harmless treatment cost of the fly ash can be obviously reduced.
The composite stabilizer provided by the invention is not only suitable for stabilizing treatment of the fly ash generated by burning the household garbage, but also suitable for stabilizing treatment of waste water, sludge, soil, industrial waste residue and the like polluted by heavy metals.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments and effects of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
stirring and dissolving 25% of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, 15% of sodium piperazine dithiocarbamate, 30% of sodium hydrogen phosphate and 30% of sodium hydroxide at the speed of 130r/min at the temperature of 40 ℃ for 1h to obtain the composite stabilizer.
Embodiment 2:
stirring and dissolving 25% of potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate, 15% of potassium piperazine dithiocarbamate, 30% of potassium hydrogen phosphate and 30% of potassium hydroxide at the speed of 140r/min at the temperature of 45 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain the composite stabilizer.
Embodiment 3:
stirring and dissolving 30% of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, 10% of potassium piperazine dithiocarbamate, 35% of disodium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of sodium oxide at the speed of 145r/min at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the compound stabilizer.
Embodiment 4:
100g of the incineration fly ash of the household garbage in a certain place is taken and leached according to a method of acetic acid buffer solution method for leaching toxicity of solid waste HJ/T300-2007. 1g of the composite stabilizer product prepared in the embodiment 1 is added into 100g of fly ash from incineration of household garbage, and the fly ash is leached according to the method of HJ/T300-2007. The heavy metal leaching concentrations are shown in table 1. After the fly ash is stabilized by the composite stabilizer, the leaching value of the heavy metal toxicity meets the limit requirement of the pollution control standard of the fly ash from the incineration of household garbage (GB 16889-2008).
TABLE 1 fly ash heavy metal leaching concentration
Embodiment 5:
100g of the incineration fly ash of the household garbage in a certain place is taken and leached according to a method of acetic acid buffer solution method for leaching toxicity of solid waste HJ/T300-2007. 1g of the composite stabilizer product prepared in the embodiment 2, 1g of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (solid, commercially available, with a content of 95%) and 1g of disodium hydrogen phosphate (solid, commercially available, with a content of 99%) are added to 100g of municipal refuse incineration fly ash, and leached according to the method HJ/T300-charge 2007. The heavy metal leaching concentrations are shown in table 2. After the fly ash is stabilized by the composite stabilizer, the leaching value of the heavy metal toxicity meets the limit requirement of the pollution control standard of the fly ash from the incineration of household garbage (GB 16889-2008), and the effect is obviously superior to that of pure sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate and disodium hydrogen phosphate.
TABLE 2 fly ash heavy metal leaching concentration
However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as claimed in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The composite stabilizer with the stability of the waste incineration fly ash heavy metal is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: is compounded with organic chelating agent in 40-60 wt%, inorganic chelating agent in 25-40 wt% and inorganic alkali matter in 10-30 wt%.
2. The composite stabilizer with waste incineration fly ash heavy metal stability of claim 1, wherein the organic chelating agent is one or a mixture of dimethyl dithiocarbamate, diethyl dithiocarbamate and piperazine dithiocarbamate.
3. The dimethyldithiocarbamate according to claim 2 is sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate; the diethyl dithiocarbamate is sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate or potassium diethyl dithiocarbamate; the piperazine dithiocarbamate is piperazine sodium dithiocarbamate or piperazine potassium dithiocarbamate.
4. The composite stabilizer with the stability of waste incineration fly ash heavy metal according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic chelating agent is one or a mixture of phosphate and iron salt.
5. The phosphate according to claim 4 comprises any one or a mixture of sodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, trisodium hydrogen phosphate, tripotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hexa-acid phosphate, potassium hexa-acid phosphate.
6. The iron salt of claim 4, which comprises one or more of ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, and ferrous chloride.
7. The composite stabilizer with the heavy metal stability of the waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic alkaline substance is any one or a mixture of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or sodium oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide.
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