CN114100053A - Long-acting treatment material for household garbage incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Long-acting treatment material for household garbage incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114100053A CN114100053A CN202111408036.XA CN202111408036A CN114100053A CN 114100053 A CN114100053 A CN 114100053A CN 202111408036 A CN202111408036 A CN 202111408036A CN 114100053 A CN114100053 A CN 114100053A
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- heavy metal
- fly ash
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- metal ion
- aminosilane
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 87
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium ethoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC[O-] RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 amino compound Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 8
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229960002261 magnesium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J dimagnesium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XZTWHWHGBBCSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 7
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000157 magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon disulfide-14c Chemical compound S=[14C]=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- FAYYUXPSKDFLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FAYYUXPSKDFLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXLAEGYMDGUSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[diethoxy(methyl)silyl]propan-1-amine Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)CCCN HXLAEGYMDGUSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYAASQNKCWTPKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCN ZYAASQNKCWTPKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOTKGMAKADCEDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-triethoxysilylpentane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCC(N)CCN ZOTKGMAKADCEDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCTHNHPAQAVBEB-WGCWOXMQSA-M sodium ferulate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(\C=C\C([O-])=O)=CC=C1O NCTHNHPAQAVBEB-WGCWOXMQSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001479 sodium magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/08—Toxic combustion residues, e.g. toxic substances contained in fly ash from waste incineration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a long-acting treatment material for household garbage incineration fly ash and a preparation method thereof, and the long-acting treatment material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator, 1-3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector and 1-2 parts of a mineral phase coating agent. The fly ash long-acting treatment material is an inorganic curing system, and is low in cost, high in universality and good in treatment effect, three functional components, namely a heavy metal ion state regulator, a heavy metal ion reaction selector and a mineral phase coating agent, can exert a synergistic effect, the heavy metal ion state regulator mainly adjusts the pH value of the system, the heavy metal ion reaction selector achieves the effect of capturing heavy metal ions, and the mineral phase coating agent can utilize the unique molecular structure characteristics of the mineral phase coating agent to further stabilize and cure the heavy metal ions.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a long-acting treatment material for household garbage incineration fly ash and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, municipal solid waste is treated mainly by landfill, incineration, composting and the like. Practices show that the two treatment modes of landfill and compost not only occupy a large amount of land and have long time consumption, but also the leachate of the garbage can cause serious influence on the environment near the landfill and the compost field and destroy the ecological environment; the burning method can reduce the volume of the garbage by 90 percent and 75 percent, the generated heat energy can be recycled, and the reduction, the harmlessness and the non-resource utilization of the household garbage can be realized to the maximum extent.
Incineration is one of effective ways for realizing reduction, recycling and harmless treatment of garbage, and the waste incineration fly ash is a secondary pollutant generated during incineration treatment, and the output of the waste incineration fly ash is about 3% -5% of the total amount of the garbage entering a furnace. Since the fly ash contains a large amount of high-toxicity leachable heavy metals (including Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and the like) and dioxin and other substances, belongs to dangerous waste, and can be leached out under specific conditions to cause pollution of water and soil and serious harm to natural environment and human survival, the fly ash can be subjected to stabilization treatment before landfill and other comprehensive utilization.
At present, the treatment method of fly ash mainly comprises cement solidification, melt solidification, chemical agent stabilization and the like. The cement solidification and high-temperature melting treatment technology in China is relatively mature, but the cement solidification and high-temperature melting treatment technology has considerable defects, and the application of the cement solidification and high-temperature melting treatment technology to the disposal of garbage fly ash is not long-term. In contrast, the most feasible and effective chemical agents are stable, and the commonly used chemical agents mainly comprise lime, ferrous sulfate, copperas, phosphates, sulfides, organic chelating agents and the like. The stability of the heavy metal in the fly ash is greatly influenced by the change of pH, the leaching is obvious under the acidic and alkaline conditions, and in the actual application process, the molecular structure design optimization and the composition proportion design optimization of the fly ash treatment material are urgently needed so as to further improve the stability of the heavy metal solidification of the fly ash.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems, the present application is proposed to provide a long-lasting disposal material for fly ash from incineration of domestic waste, which overcomes or at least partially solves the problems, comprising:
a long-acting treatment material for household garbage incineration fly ash comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator, 1-3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector and 1-2 parts of a mineral phase coating agent; wherein, the main molecular structural formula of the chelating function of the mineral phase coating agent is as follows:
in the structural formula: x is any integer of 1-3, R1Is one of Li, Na and K, R2、 R3Are respectively CH3、CH2-CH3One kind of (1).
Preferably, the heavy metal ion state modifier is one or more of carbonate, phosphate and citrate in combination.
Preferably, the heavy metal ion reaction selective agent is one or more of phosphate, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate and thiosulfate in combination.
The application also provides a preparation method of the long-acting treatment material for the incineration fly ash of the household garbage, which comprises the following steps:
adding an amide, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting for a specified time at a specified temperature to obtain the mineral phase coating agent;
and adding water, the heavy metal ion state regulator and the heavy metal ion reaction selection agent into the mineral phase coating agent to obtain the long-acting fly ash disposal material.
Preferably, the amide comprises an aminosilane or an aminosilane coating; the step of adding the amide, the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent in the specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a first specified temperature for a first specified time to obtain the mineral phase coating agent comprises the following steps:
adding aminosilane, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a first specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a first specified temperature for a first specified time to obtain a target coating agent;
or:
adding at least one of alumina or silicon oxide into water, adding aminosilane and an alkaline agent, and reacting for a second designated time at a second designated temperature to obtain an aminosilane coating;
and adding the aminosilane coating, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a second specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a third specified temperature for a third specified time to obtain the target coating agent.
Preferably, the aminosilane is one or a combination of KH-540, KH-550, KH-554, KH-602, KH-792, KH-793 and KH-902; the alkaline agent is one or a combination of more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium ethoxide and potassium ethoxide.
Preferably, the reaction medium is one or more combinations of water, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.
Preferably, the first specified molar ratio means that the molar ratio of the aminosilane, the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent is 1: 1.1-2.5: 1.1 to 2.5; the second specified molar ratio is that the molar ratio of the aminosilane coating, the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent is 1: 1.1-2.5: 1.1 to 2.5.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the aminosilane in the reaction system is 5-30 wt%, and the mass concentration of the aminosilane coating in the reaction system is 5-30 wt%.
Preferably, the first specified temperature is 20-60 ℃, the second specified temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the third specified temperature is 20-60 ℃; the first designated time is 10-30 hours, the second designated time is 3-6 hours, and the third designated time is 10-30 hours.
The application has the following advantages:
in the embodiment of the application, the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of heavy metal ion state regulator, 1-3 parts of heavy metal ion reaction selector and 1-E mineral phase coating agent2 parts of (1); wherein the molecular structural formula of the mineral phase coating agent is as follows: s ═ C (SR)1)-N-C-C-C-(Si(R2)3-X(OR3)XOr: s ═ C (SR)1)-N-C-C-N(C(SR1)＝S)-(Si(R2)3-X(OR3)XIn the structural formula: x is any integer of 1-3, R1 is one of Li, Na and K, and R2 and R3 are respectively one of CH3 and CH2-CH 3. The fly ash long-acting treatment material is an inorganic curing system, and is low in cost, high in universality and good in treatment effect, three functional components, namely a heavy metal ion state regulator, a heavy metal ion reaction selector and a mineral phase coating agent, can exert a synergistic effect, the heavy metal ion state regulator mainly adjusts the pH value of the system, the heavy metal ion reaction selector achieves the effect of capturing heavy metal ions, and the mineral phase coating agent can utilize the unique molecular structure characteristics of the mineral phase coating agent to further stabilize and cure the heavy metal ions.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, the present application is described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The two molecular ends of the mineral phase coating agent have unique active bonds, one end of the mineral phase coating agent can stabilize heavy metal elements through special sulfur-containing functional groups, and the other end of the mineral phase coating agent can be bonded with calcium components in the fly ash of the domestic garbage incineration by means of silicon-containing functional groups, so that the stability of heavy metal solidification is greatly improved.
An embodiment of the application provides a long-term material of handling of domestic waste incineration fly ash includes by weight: 3-7 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator, 1-3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector and 1-2 parts of a mineral phase coating agent; wherein, the main molecular structural formula of the chelating function of the mineral phase coating agent is as follows:
in the structural formula: x is any integer of 1-3, R1Is one of Li, Na and K, R2、 R3Are respectively CH3、CH2-CH3One kind of (1).
In the embodiment of the application, the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator, 1-3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector and 1-2 parts of a mineral phase coating agent; wherein the molecular structural formula of the mineral phase coating agent is as follows: s ═ C (SR)1)-N-C-C-C-(Si(R2)3-X(OR3)XOr: s ═ C (SR)1)-N-C-C-N(C(SR1)＝S)-(Si(R2)3-X(OR3)XIn the structural formula: x is any integer of 1-3, R1 is one of Li, Na and K, and R2 and R3 are respectively one of CH3 and CH2-CH 3. The fly ash long-acting treatment material is an inorganic curing system, and is low in cost, high in universality and good in treatment effect, three functional components, namely a heavy metal ion state regulator, a heavy metal ion reaction selector and a mineral phase coating agent, can exert a synergistic effect, the heavy metal ion state regulator mainly adjusts the pH value of the system, the heavy metal ion reaction selector achieves the effect of capturing heavy metal ions, and the mineral phase coating agent can utilize the unique molecular structure characteristics of the mineral phase coating agent to further stabilize and cure the heavy metal ions.
Hereinafter, a long-term disposal material of fly ash from incineration of household garbage according to the present exemplary embodiment will be further described.
In one embodiment of the present application, the heavy metal ion state modifier is one or more of carbonate, phosphate and citrate; preferably, the heavy metal ion state regulator is one or more of sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and magnesium phosphate; more preferably, the heavy metal ion state regulator is one or more of sodium carbonate and magnesium phosphate, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the sodium carbonate to the magnesium phosphate is 1: 0.5 to 5. The heavy metal ion state regulator can regulate the pH value of the system, promote the dissolution of heavy metals, reduce amorphous state and network in fly ash and ensure that the system obtains a stable pH value.
In one embodiment of the present application, the heavy metal ion reaction selective agent is one or more of phosphate, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate and thiosulfate; preferably, the heavy metal ion reaction selector is one or more of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium pyrophosphate and calcium thiosulfate; more preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium dihydrogen phosphate to the magnesium pyrophosphate to the calcium thiosulfate is 0-10: 0 to 10: 1 to 10. The heavy metal ion reaction selection agent can capture heavy metal ions, and selects a suitable heavy metal ion reaction selection agent according to different fly ash components.
The long-acting fly ash disposal material is an inorganic curing system, can be a solid-liquid two-component system, and can also be a liquid-phase one-component system; the inorganic curing system has low cost, high universality and good treatment effect.
As an example, the solid-liquid two-component system mainly comprises a solid phase and a liquid phase according to a certain proportion, wherein the solid phase mainly comprises the heavy metal ion state regulator and the heavy metal ion reaction selector, and the liquid phase mainly comprises the mineral phase coating agent;
the liquid-phase single-component system is prepared by dissolving the three functional components of the heavy metal ion state regulator, the heavy metal ion reaction selector and the mineral phase coating agent in an aqueous solution according to a certain proportion, and configuring the three functional components into a certain concentration so as to calculate the dosage and carry out fly ash treatment.
In a specific implementation, the dosage of the long-acting treatment material for the fly ash generated by burning the household garbage is 5-15% according to the toxicity of heavy metal ions of the fly ash; wherein, when the content of heavy metal lead ions and cadmium ions is higher than 20mg/kg, the dosage of the long-acting treatment material for the household garbage incineration fly ash is 8-12%.
The application also provides a preparation method of the long-acting treatment material for the incineration fly ash of the household garbage, which comprises the following steps:
adding an amide, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting for a specified time at a specified temperature to obtain the mineral phase coating agent;
and adding water, the heavy metal ion state regulator and the heavy metal ion reaction selection agent into the mineral phase coating agent to obtain the long-acting fly ash disposal material.
Hereinafter, a method for preparing a long-term disposal material of fly ash from incineration of household garbage in the present exemplary embodiment will be further described.
In one embodiment of the present application, the amide comprises an aminosilane or an aminosilane coating; the step of adding the amide, the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent in the specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a first specified temperature for a first specified time to obtain the mineral phase coating agent comprises the following steps:
adding aminosilane, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a first specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a first specified temperature for a first specified time to obtain a target coating agent;
or:
adding at least one of alumina or silicon oxide into water, adding aminosilane and an alkaline agent, and reacting for a second designated time at a second designated temperature to obtain an aminosilane coating;
and adding the aminosilane coating, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a second specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a third specified temperature for a third specified time to obtain the target coating agent.
The mineral phase coating agent is prepared through chemical reaction, can realize long-acting safe curing of heavy metal ions, and meets the national landfill requirement.
As an example, the mineral phase coating agent is a reaction product of an aminosilane and carbon disulfide, and has a molecular formula as follows:
in the structural formula: x is any integer of 1-3, R1Is one of Li, Na and K, R2、 R3Are respectively CH3、CH2-CH3One of (1);
the second is a compound which takes silicon oxide or aluminum oxide as a core and takes a reaction product of aminosilane and carbon disulfide as a shell, and the molecular structural formula of the shell is as follows:
in the structural formula: x is any integer of 1-3, R1Is one of Li, Na and K, R2、 R3Are respectively CH3、CH2-CH3One kind of (1).
In one embodiment of the present application, the aminosilane is one or more combinations of KH-540 (gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane), KH-550 (gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane), KH-554 (gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane), KH-602 (N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane), KH-792 (N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane), KH-793 (3-2-aminoethyl-aminopropyltriethoxysilane), and KH-902 (gamma-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane); the alkaline agent is one or a combination of more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium ethoxide and potassium ethoxide.
In one embodiment of the present application, the reaction medium is one or more of water, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.
In an embodiment of the present application, the first specific molar ratio is that the molar ratio of the aminosilane, the carbon disulfide, and the alkaline agent is 1: 1.1-2.5: 1.1 to 2.5; the second specified molar ratio is that the molar ratio of the aminosilane coating, the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent is 1: 1.1-2.5: 1.1 to 2.5; the dosage of the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent is too low, the grafting reaction is insufficient, and the product quality is influenced; the consumption of carbon disulfide and alkaline agent is too high, which causes raw material waste and increases the manufacturing cost.
In an embodiment of the application, the mass concentration of the aminosilane in the reaction system is 5-30 wt%, and the mass concentration of the aminosilane coating in the reaction system is 5-30 wt%; the concentration is too low, the content of a reaction medium in a reaction system is too large, and the content of a product actually prepared is lower; the concentration is too high, the reaction system is too viscous, and agglomeration is easy to generate, so that the product quality is influenced.
In one embodiment of the present application, the first specified temperature is 20 to 60 ℃, the second specified temperature is 50 to 90 ℃, and the third specified temperature is 20 to 60 ℃; the first designated time is 10-30 hours, the second designated time is 3-6 hours, and the third designated time is 10-30 hours; the reaction temperature is too low, the reaction rate of a reaction system is low, the reaction efficiency is low, the reaction time is long, the conversion rate of partial reactants is low, and the purity of the product is influenced; the reaction temperature is too high, the reaction is too violent, the heat release is large, and the reaction process is not easy to control.
The following are specific examples.
Example 1
The molar ratio is 1: 1.1: 1.1 wt% of aminosilane (KH-540), carbon disulfide and 0.001 wt% of alkaline agent (lithium hydroxide) were added to the reaction medium (water) and reacted at 20 ℃ for 30 hours to obtain the objective coating agent.
The target coating agent is a reaction product of aminosilane and carbon disulfide, and the structural formula of the target coating agent is as follows:
structure of the productIn the formula: x is 3, R1Is Li, R2、R3Are respectively CH3。
And (3) mixing 3 parts of heavy metal ion state regulator (magnesium carbonate), 1 part of heavy metal ion reaction selector (calcium thiosulfate) and 2 parts of the synthesized coating agent uniformly to prepare a liquid chelating agent, adding the liquid chelating agent into 200 parts of household garbage incineration fly ash, and stirring and reacting for 30 min. Leaching in 1 day and 30 days respectively according to pollution control Standard of domestic refuse landfill (GB16889-2008), and testing the heavy metal content of the leaching solution by ICP (inductively coupled plasma Spectroscopy).
Example 2
The molar ratio is 1: 1.2: 1.3 wt% of aminosilane (KH-540), carbon disulfide and 0.05 wt% of alkaline agent (sodium hydroxide) were added to the reaction medium (ethanol) and reacted at 40 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the objective coating agent.
The target coating agent is a reaction product of aminosilane and carbon disulfide, and the structural formula of the target coating agent is as follows:
in the structural formula: x is 3, R1Is Na, R2、R3Are respectively CH3。
And (3) uniformly mixing 7 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator (magnesium phosphate), 3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector (magnesium pyrophosphate) and 1 part of the synthesized coating agent to prepare a liquid chelating agent, adding the liquid chelating agent into 500 parts of fly ash, and stirring and reacting for 30 min. Leaching is carried out in 1 day and 30 days respectively according to pollution control standard of domestic garbage landfill (GB16889-2008), and the heavy metal content of the leaching liquor is tested by ICP.
Example 3
The molar ratio is 1: 2.5: 2.5 wt% of aminosilane (KH-602), carbon disulfide and 0.1 wt% of alkaline agent (potassium hydroxide) were added to the reaction medium (water) and reacted at 60 ℃ for 15 hours to obtain the objective coating agent.
The target coating agent is a reaction product of aminosilane and carbon disulfide, and the structural formula of the target coating agent is as follows:
in the structural formula: x is 2, R1Is K, R2、R3Are respectively CH3。
And (3) uniformly mixing 3 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator (magnesium phosphate), 3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector (magnesium pyrophosphate) and 2 parts of the synthesized coating agent to prepare a liquid chelating agent, adding the liquid chelating agent into 300 parts of fly ash, and stirring and reacting for 30 min. Leaching is carried out in 1 day and 30 days respectively according to pollution control standard of domestic garbage landfill (GB16889-2008), and the heavy metal content of the leaching liquor is tested by ICP.
Example 4
Adding 10 wt% of alumina into water, adding 5 wt% of aminosilane (KH-792) and 0.001 wt% of alkaline agent (lithium hydroxide), and reacting at 50 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain an aminosilane coating;
the molar ratio is 1: 2.1: 2.1 the aminosilane coating, carbon disulfide and 0.001 wt% of an alkaline agent (lithium hydroxide) were added to a reaction medium (water) and reacted at 20 ℃ for 30 hours to obtain the objective coating agent.
The target coating agent is a compound taking silicon oxide or aluminum oxide as a core and taking a reaction product of aminosilane and carbon disulfide as a shell, and the structural formula of the shell is as follows:
in the structural formula: x is 3, R1Is Li, R2、R3Are respectively CH3。
3 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator (magnesium phosphate) and 3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector (magnesium pyrophosphate) are uniformly mixed to prepare a solid phase component of the chelating agent, 2 parts of the synthesized coating agent which is a liquid phase component of the chelating agent are respectively added into 300 parts of fly ash, and the mixture is stirred and reacted for 30 min. Leaching is carried out in 1 day and 30 days respectively according to pollution control standard of domestic garbage landfill (GB16889-2008), and the heavy metal content of the leaching liquor is tested by ICP.
Example 5
Adding 25 wt% of alumina into water, adding 12 wt% of aminosilane (KH-550) and 0.05 wt% of alkaline agent (sodium hydroxide), and reacting at 70 ℃ for 4.5 hours to obtain an aminosilane coating;
the molar ratio is 1: 1.1: 1.1, adding the aminosilane coating, carbon disulfide and 0.05 wt% of alkaline agent (sodium hydroxide) into a reaction medium (ethanol), and reacting at 40 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the target coating agent.
The target coating agent is a compound taking silicon oxide or aluminum oxide as a core and taking a reaction product of aminosilane and carbon disulfide as a shell, and the structural formula of the shell is as follows:
in the structural formula: x is any integer of 3, R1Is Na, R2、R3Are respectively CH2-CH3。
3 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator (magnesium phosphate) and 3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector (magnesium pyrophosphate) are uniformly mixed to prepare a solid phase component of the chelating agent, 2 parts of the synthesized coating agent which is a liquid phase component of the chelating agent are respectively added into 300 parts of fly ash, and the mixture is stirred and reacted for 30 min. Leaching is carried out in 1 day and 30 days respectively according to pollution control standard of domestic garbage landfill (GB16889-2008), and the heavy metal content of the leaching liquor is tested by ICP.
Example 6
Adding 40 wt% of silicon oxide into water, adding 20 wt% of aminosilane (KH-792) and 0.1 wt% of alkaline agent (lithium hydroxide), and reacting at 90 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain an aminosilane coating;
the molar ratio is 1: 2.1: 2.1, adding the aminosilane coating, carbon disulfide and 0.1 wt% of alkaline agent (potassium hydroxide) into a reaction medium (water), and reacting at 60 ℃ for 30 hours to obtain the target coating agent.
The target coating agent is a compound taking silicon oxide or aluminum oxide as a core and taking a reaction product of aminosilane and carbon disulfide as a shell, and the structural formula of the shell is as follows:
in the structural formula: x is 3, R1Is K, R2、R3Are respectively CH3。
3 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator (magnesium phosphate) and 3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector (magnesium pyrophosphate) are uniformly mixed to prepare a solid phase component of the chelating agent, 2 parts of the synthesized coating agent which is a liquid phase component of the chelating agent are respectively added into 300 parts of fly ash, and the mixture is stirred and reacted for 30 min. Leaching is carried out in 1 day and 30 days respectively according to pollution control standard of domestic garbage landfill (GB16889-2008), and the heavy metal content of the leaching liquor is tested by ICP.
The following are test data:
taking 1 part of sodium sulfide and 1 part of sodium ferulate as chelating agents, respectively adding the chelating agents into 200 parts of fly ash as a comparative example, and continuously stirring and reacting for 30 min. According to the pollution control standard of a domestic garbage landfill (GB16889-2008), domestic garbage is incinerated and leached for 1 day and 30 days respectively, and the heavy metal content of the leaching liquor is tested by utilizing ICP.
The test results of the Pb leaching content of the incineration fly ash of household garbage are shown in the following table:
| pb content (mg/L) extracted for 1 day | Leaching for 30 days Pb content (mg/L) | |
| Example 1 | 0.012 | 0.022 |
| Example 2 | 0.013 | 0.029 |
| Example 3 | 0.016 | 0.035 |
| Example 4 | 0.02 | 0.039 |
| Example 5 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| Example 6 | 0.033 | 0.08 |
| Comparative example | 0.045 | 0.12 |
As can be seen from the above table, the long-acting treatment material for the fly ash from incineration of household garbage prepared by the present application has a good stabilizing effect, is quick to chelate, and has little influence on the leaching content of Pb due to the leaching time, and example 1 is preferred in each example.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the true scope of the embodiments of the application.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or article that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or article. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, or article that comprises the element.
The long-acting treatment material for the fly ash from incineration of household garbage and the preparation method thereof provided by the application are introduced in detail, and the principle and the implementation mode of the application are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The long-acting treatment material for the incineration fly ash of the household garbage is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of a heavy metal ion state regulator, 1-3 parts of a heavy metal ion reaction selector and 1-2 parts of a mineral phase coating agent; wherein, the main molecular structural formula of the chelating function of the mineral phase coating agent is as follows:
or:
in the structural formula: x is any integer of 1-3, R1Is one of Li, Na and K, R2、R3Are respectively CH3、CH2-CH3One kind of (1).
2. The long-acting treatment material for fly ash from incineration of household garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heavy metal ion status modifier is one or more of carbonate, phosphate and citrate.
3. The long-acting treatment material for the fly ash generated from incineration of household garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heavy metal ion reaction selective agent is one or more of phosphate, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate and thiosulfate.
4. A method for preparing the long-acting disposal material of fly ash from incineration of domestic garbage according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
adding an amide, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting for a specified time at a specified temperature to obtain the mineral phase coating agent;
and adding water, the heavy metal ion state regulator and the heavy metal ion reaction selection agent into the mineral phase coating agent to obtain the long-acting fly ash disposal material.
5. The method for preparing a long-acting disposal material of fly ash from incineration of household garbage according to claim 4, wherein the amino compound comprises amino silane or amino silane coating; the step of adding the amide, the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent in the specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a first specified temperature for a first specified time to obtain the mineral phase coating agent comprises the following steps:
adding aminosilane, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a first specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a first specified temperature for a first specified time to obtain a target coating agent;
or:
adding at least one of alumina or silicon oxide into water, adding aminosilane and an alkaline agent, and reacting for a second designated time at a second designated temperature to obtain an aminosilane coating;
and adding the aminosilane coating, carbon disulfide and an alkaline agent in a second specified molar ratio into a reaction medium, and reacting at a third specified temperature for a third specified time to obtain the target coating agent.
6. The method for preparing long-acting waste incineration fly ash disposal material according to claim 5, wherein the aminosilane is one or more of KH-540, KH-550, KH-554, KH-602, KH-792, KH-793 and KH-902; the alkaline agent is one or a combination of more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium ethoxide and potassium ethoxide.
7. The method for preparing the long-acting disposal material of the fly ash from incineration of household garbage according to claim 5, wherein the reaction medium is one or more of water, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
8. The method for preparing a long-acting disposal material of fly ash from incineration of household garbage as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first specified molar ratio is that the molar ratio of the aminosilane, the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent is 1: 1.1-2.5: 1.1 to 2.5; the second specified molar ratio is that the molar ratio of the aminosilane coating, the carbon disulfide and the alkaline agent is 1: 1.1-2.5: 1.1 to 2.5.
9. The method for preparing the long-acting treatment material for the fly ash generated by burning household garbage according to claim 5, wherein the mass concentration of the aminosilane in the reaction system is 5-30 wt%, and the mass concentration of the aminosilane coating in the reaction system is 5-30 wt%.
10. The method for preparing a long-acting disposal material of incineration fly ash of household garbage according to claim 5, wherein the first specified temperature is 20-60 ℃, the second specified temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the third specified temperature is 20-60 ℃; the first designated time is 10-30 hours, the second designated time is 3-6 hours, and the third designated time is 10-30 hours.
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