CN114532985A - Photo-acoustic imaging-based quantitative photo-thermal irradiation device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射装置及方法,其中,装置包括扫描模块、数据采集模块、光声成像模块和光热照射模块;扫描模块用于通过控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光,对待成像组织表面进行扫描;数据采集模块用于接收对待成像组织扫描得到的光声信号,确定采集数据;光声成像模块用于对采集数据进行重建处理,确定光声图像;光热照射模块用于对光声图像进行图像参数提取处理,对目标部位进行光热照射。本发明实施例对目标部位进行光声成像,减少电离辐射,提高了成像精确性,可广泛应用于光声成像技术领域。
The invention discloses a quantitative photothermal irradiation device and method based on photoacoustic imaging, wherein the device comprises a scanning module, a data acquisition module, a photoacoustic imaging module and a photothermal irradiation module; the scanning module is used for generating a trigger signal through a controller The pulsed laser is controlled to emit pulsed laser light to scan the surface of the tissue to be imaged; the data acquisition module is used to receive the photoacoustic signal obtained by scanning the tissue to be imaged to determine the acquisition data; the photoacoustic imaging module is used to reconstruct the acquired data and determine the photoacoustic signal Image; the photothermal irradiation module is used to extract the image parameters of the photoacoustic image, and perform photothermal irradiation on the target part. The embodiment of the present invention performs photoacoustic imaging on a target site, reduces ionizing radiation, improves imaging accuracy, and can be widely used in the technical field of photoacoustic imaging.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光声成像技术领域,尤其是一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射装置及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of photoacoustic imaging, in particular to a quantitative photothermal irradiation device and method based on photoacoustic imaging.
背景技术Background technique
恶性肿瘤严重威胁人类健康,近十几年来恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率均呈上升趋势。不同肿瘤的发病位置和早期特征并不相同,相较于浅表肿瘤,以结直肠癌、胃癌、食管癌等为代表的消化道癌症具有位置隐蔽,早期便呈浸润性生长,临床表现不明显等特征。因此,如何实现对恶性肿瘤的精准成像对提高患者生存率具有重要意义。Malignant tumors are a serious threat to human health, and the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors have been on the rise in recent decades. The location and early characteristics of different tumors are different. Compared with superficial tumors, gastrointestinal cancers represented by colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, etc. have hidden locations, and show invasive growth in the early stage, and the clinical manifestations are not obvious. and other characteristics. Therefore, how to achieve accurate imaging of malignant tumors is of great significance to improve the survival rate of patients.
传统的成像方法受制于成像深度及分辨率,难以准确识别肿瘤边界,不能做到肿瘤的精准识别,同时存在电离辐射,外源造影剂过敏等问题。在实际光热照射过程中,由于肿瘤边界非规则区域,传统的光热照射采用圆形大光斑照射,会照射到正常区域,引起正常组织受到损伤,因此,如何精准定位肿瘤组织同时识别肿瘤边界对于实现精准光热照射具有重要意义。因此,当前癌症诊断中急需一种无电离辐射、无外源造影剂、分辨率高的新型成像方法。The traditional imaging method is limited by the imaging depth and resolution, it is difficult to accurately identify the tumor boundary, and the accurate tumor identification cannot be achieved. In the actual photothermal irradiation process, due to the irregular area of the tumor boundary, the traditional photothermal irradiation uses a large circular spot to illuminate the normal area, causing damage to the normal tissue. Therefore, how to accurately locate the tumor tissue and identify the tumor boundary It is of great significance to achieve precise photothermal irradiation. Therefore, a novel imaging method with no ionizing radiation, no exogenous contrast agent and high resolution is urgently needed in the current cancer diagnosis.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射装置及方法,能够减少电离辐射,提高成像精确性。The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the present invention provides a quantitative photothermal irradiation device and method based on photoacoustic imaging, which can reduce ionizing radiation and improve imaging accuracy.
一方面,本发明提供了一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射装置,包括扫描模块、数据采集模块、光声成像模块和光热照射模块;In one aspect, the present invention provides a quantitative photothermal irradiation device based on photoacoustic imaging, comprising a scanning module, a data acquisition module, a photoacoustic imaging module and a photothermal irradiation module;
其中,所述扫描模块,用于通过控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光,脉冲激光由光纤耦合器耦合进入单模光纤,经过成像探头到达待成像组织表面,对待成像组织表面进行扫描;Wherein, the scanning module is used for generating a trigger signal by the controller to control the pulse laser to emit pulsed laser, the pulsed laser is coupled into the single-mode optical fiber by the fiber coupler, reaches the surface of the tissue to be imaged through the imaging probe, and scans the surface of the tissue to be imaged;
所述数据采集模块,用于接收对待成像组织扫描得到的光声信号,并转换为电信号,通过同轴电缆进入信号放大器,将放大后的电信号由采集卡进行采集处理,确定采集数据;The data acquisition module is used to receive the photoacoustic signal obtained by scanning the tissue to be imaged, convert it into an electrical signal, enter the signal amplifier through a coaxial cable, and collect and process the amplified electrical signal by the acquisition card to determine the acquisition data;
所述光声成像模块,用于对采集数据进行重建处理,确定光声图像;The photoacoustic imaging module is used for reconstructing the collected data to determine the photoacoustic image;
所述光热照射模块,用于对光声图像进行图像参数提取处理,根据提取得到的图像参数调整脉冲激光,对目标部位进行光热照射。The photothermal irradiation module is used to perform image parameter extraction processing on the photoacoustic image, adjust the pulsed laser according to the extracted image parameters, and perform photothermal irradiation on the target portion.
可选地,所述扫描模块包括成像探头,所述成像探头,用于对待成像组织表面进行扫描,包括反射镜、微机电系统镜、准直器、光纤束、聚焦透镜、透光反声镜和换能器。Optionally, the scanning module includes an imaging probe, which is used to scan the surface of the tissue to be imaged, including a mirror, a MEMS mirror, a collimator, an optical fiber bundle, a focusing lens, and a light-transmitting acoustic mirror. and transducer.
可选地,所述光声成像模块,包括:Optionally, the photoacoustic imaging module includes:
第一单元,用于对采集数据进行去噪平均处理,确定去噪平均数据;The first unit is used to perform denoising and averaging processing on the collected data to determine the denoising average data;
第二单元,用于对去噪平均数据进行最大值投影法进行成像,确定光声图像。The second unit is used for imaging the denoised average data by the maximum projection method to determine the photoacoustic image.
可选地,所述光热照射模块,包括:Optionally, the photothermal irradiation module includes:
第三单元,用于根据阈值分割法对光声图像进行图像参数提取处理,确定图像参数,所述图像参数包括目标边界和目标深度;The third unit is configured to perform image parameter extraction processing on the photoacoustic image according to the threshold segmentation method, and determine the image parameters, and the image parameters include the target boundary and the target depth;
第四单元,用于根据目标边界控制脉冲激光对目标部位进行定位照射,同时根据目标深度调节脉冲激光照射剂量。The fourth unit is used to control the pulsed laser to position and irradiate the target part according to the target boundary, and at the same time adjust the pulsed laser irradiation dose according to the target depth.
可选地,所述扫描模块包括控制器,所述控制器用于产生不同频率的方波信号用作脉冲激光器触发信号,通过改变触发信号频率从而改变光声图像成像时间。Optionally, the scanning module includes a controller configured to generate square wave signals of different frequencies as a pulse laser trigger signal, and change the photoacoustic image imaging time by changing the frequency of the trigger signal.
可选地,所述成像探头为内窥结构,对狭窄腔体进行内窥成像。Optionally, the imaging probe is an endoscopic structure, and performs endoscopic imaging on a narrow cavity.
可选地,所述成像探头采用前向扫描方式进行扫描成像。Optionally, the imaging probe performs scanning imaging in a forward scanning manner.
另一方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射装置,包括脉冲激光器、光纤耦合器、成像探头、控制器、计算机、采集卡和信号放大器,所述脉冲激光器与光纤耦合器电连接,所述光纤耦合器与成像探头电连接,所述成像探头与信号放大器电连接,所述信号放大器与采集卡电连接,所述采集卡与计算机电连接,所述计算机与控制器电连接,所述控制器与脉冲激光器电连接。On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a quantitative photothermal irradiation device based on photoacoustic imaging, including a pulsed laser, a fiber coupler, an imaging probe, a controller, a computer, a capture card and a signal amplifier. The pulsed laser It is electrically connected with a fiber optic coupler, the fiber optic coupler is electrically connected with the imaging probe, the imaging probe is electrically connected with the signal amplifier, the signal amplifier is electrically connected with the acquisition card, the acquisition card is electrically connected with the computer, the computer It is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the pulsed laser.
另一方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射方法,包括:On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a quantitative photothermal irradiation method based on photoacoustic imaging, comprising:
通过控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光,脉冲激光由光纤耦合器耦合进入单模光纤,经过成像探头到达待成像组织表面,对待成像组织表面进行扫描;The trigger signal is generated by the controller to control the pulsed laser to emit pulsed laser, the pulsed laser is coupled into the single-mode fiber by the fiber coupler, and reaches the surface of the tissue to be imaged through the imaging probe, and scans the surface of the tissue to be imaged;
接收对待成像组织扫描得到的光声信号,并转换为电信号,通过同轴电缆进入信号放大器,将放大后的电信号由采集卡进行采集处理,确定采集数据;Receive the photoacoustic signal scanned by the tissue to be imaged, convert it into an electrical signal, enter the signal amplifier through a coaxial cable, and collect and process the amplified electrical signal by the acquisition card to determine the acquisition data;
对采集数据进行重建处理,确定光声图像;Reconstruct the collected data to determine the photoacoustic image;
对光声图像进行图像参数提取处理,根据提取得到的图像参数调整脉冲激光,对目标部位进行光热照射。Image parameter extraction processing is performed on the photoacoustic image, the pulsed laser is adjusted according to the extracted image parameters, and photothermal irradiation is performed on the target part.
另一方面,本发明实施例还公开了一种电子设备,包括处理器以及存储器;On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also discloses an electronic device, including a processor and a memory;
所述存储器用于存储程序;the memory is used to store programs;
所述处理器执行所述程序实现如前面所述的方法。The processor executes the program to implement the method as described above.
另一方面,本发明实施例还公开了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述存储介质存储有程序,所述程序被处理器执行实现如前面所述的方法。On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a computer-readable storage medium, where the storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the aforementioned method.
另一方面,本发明实施例还公开了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序,该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令,该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中。计算机设备的处理器可以从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令,处理器执行该计算机指令,使得该计算机设备执行前面的方法。On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also discloses a computer program product or computer program, where the computer program product or computer program includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be read from the computer-readable storage medium by a processor of the computer device, and the processor executes the computer instructions to cause the computer device to perform the foregoing method.
本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比,具有以下技术效果:本发明实施例通过控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光,脉冲激光由光纤耦合器耦合进入单模光纤,经过成像探头到达待成像组织表面,对待成像组织表面进行扫描;接收对待成像组织扫描得到的光声信号,并转换为电信号,通过同轴电缆进入信号放大器,将放大后的电信号由采集卡进行采集处理,确定采集数据;对采集数据进行重建处理,确定光声图像;能够基于光声效应获取精确性高的光声图像,减少电离辐射。Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and has the following technical effects: in the embodiment of the present invention, a trigger signal is generated by the controller to control the pulse laser to emit pulsed laser light. Reach the surface of the tissue to be imaged, scan the surface of the tissue to be imaged; receive the photoacoustic signal scanned by the tissue to be imaged, convert it into an electrical signal, enter the signal amplifier through a coaxial cable, and collect and process the amplified electrical signal by the acquisition card , determine the acquisition data; reconstruct the acquired data to determine the photoacoustic image; based on the photoacoustic effect, the photoacoustic image with high accuracy can be obtained, and the ionizing radiation can be reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
图1为本发明实施例的一种系统结构示意图;1 is a schematic diagram of a system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例的一种装置结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例的一种方法流程示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请,并不用于限定本申请。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application.
参照图1,本发明提供了一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射装置,包括扫描模块、数据采集模块、光声成像模块和光热照射模块;1, the present invention provides a quantitative photothermal irradiation device based on photoacoustic imaging, including a scanning module, a data acquisition module, a photoacoustic imaging module and a photothermal irradiation module;
其中,所述扫描模块,用于通过控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光,脉冲激光由光纤耦合器耦合进入单模光纤,经过成像探头到达待成像组织表面,对待成像组织表面进行扫描;Wherein, the scanning module is used for generating a trigger signal by the controller to control the pulse laser to emit pulsed laser, the pulsed laser is coupled into the single-mode optical fiber by the fiber coupler, reaches the surface of the tissue to be imaged through the imaging probe, and scans the surface of the tissue to be imaged;
所述数据采集模块,用于接收对待成像组织扫描得到的光声信号,并转换为电信号,通过同轴电缆进入信号放大器,将放大后的电信号由采集卡进行采集处理,确定采集数据;The data acquisition module is used to receive the photoacoustic signal obtained by scanning the tissue to be imaged, convert it into an electrical signal, enter the signal amplifier through a coaxial cable, and collect and process the amplified electrical signal by the acquisition card to determine the acquisition data;
所述光声成像模块,用于对采集数据进行重建处理,确定光声图像;The photoacoustic imaging module is used for reconstructing the collected data to determine the photoacoustic image;
所述光热照射模块,用于对光声图像进行图像参数提取处理,根据提取得到的图像参数调整脉冲激光,对目标部位进行光热照射。The photothermal irradiation module is used to perform image parameter extraction processing on the photoacoustic image, adjust the pulsed laser according to the extracted image parameters, and perform photothermal irradiation on the target portion.
具体地,本发明实施例能够对目标部位进行光声成像及精准的光热照射,光声成像模块通过光声成像勾画目标部位边界,光热照射模块通过脉冲激光激发光热效应,实现对目标部位的精准靶向光热照射,同时通过扫描模块可对目标部位进行实时无损监测。本发明实施例通过控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光对待成像组织表面进行扫描,待成像组织受激产生超声信号,由换能器接收转换为电信号,通过数据采集模块中的数据采集卡将来自换能器的模拟电信号转换为数字信号并送入光声成像模块中。通过光声成像模块对采集的数据进行希尔伯特变换,得到处理后的数据。由于数据采集位置与成像位置高度相关,采用直接投影法对三维数据进行重建,通过获取重建切片序列,切片序列中的每一列像素点对应换能器在对应空间位置所采集的时间序列信号,再采用最大值投影法将信号投影到二维平面,得到光声图像。最后通过光热照射模块对光声图像进行图像参数提取处理,根据提取得到的图像参数调整脉冲激光,对目标部位进行光热照射。Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention can perform photoacoustic imaging and precise photothermal irradiation on the target part, the photoacoustic imaging module delineates the boundary of the target part through photoacoustic imaging, and the photothermal irradiation module excites the photothermal effect through the pulsed laser to realize the target part. The precise targeted photothermal irradiation can be used for real-time non-destructive monitoring of the target site through the scanning module. In the embodiment of the present invention, the controller generates a trigger signal to control the pulsed laser to emit pulsed laser to scan the surface of the tissue to be imaged, and the tissue to be imaged is stimulated to generate an ultrasonic signal, which is received by the transducer and converted into an electrical signal, which is collected through the data acquisition module in the data acquisition module. The card converts the analog electrical signal from the transducer into a digital signal and sends it into the photoacoustic imaging module. The Hilbert transform is performed on the collected data by the photoacoustic imaging module to obtain the processed data. Since the data collection position is highly correlated with the imaging position, the direct projection method is used to reconstruct the three-dimensional data. By obtaining the reconstructed slice sequence, each column of pixel points in the slice sequence corresponds to the time series signal collected by the transducer at the corresponding spatial position, and then the reconstructed slice sequence is obtained. The maximum projection method is used to project the signal onto a two-dimensional plane to obtain a photoacoustic image. Finally, the photoacoustic image is extracted and processed by the photothermal irradiation module, and the pulsed laser is adjusted according to the extracted image parameters to perform photothermal irradiation on the target part.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述扫描模块包括成像探头,所述成像探头,用于对待成像组织表面进行扫描,包括反射镜、微机电系统镜、准直器、光纤束、聚焦透镜、透光反声镜和换能器。Further as a preferred embodiment, the scanning module includes an imaging probe, and the imaging probe is used to scan the surface of the tissue to be imaged, including a mirror, a MEMS mirror, a collimator, an optical fiber bundle, a focusing lens, a light transmission Acoustic mirrors and transducers.
具体地,脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光进入成像探头,脉冲激光通过进入反射镜、微机电系统镜、准直器、光纤束、聚焦透镜、透光反声镜对待成像组织表面进行扫描。脉冲激光经由光纤耦合器耦合进入单模光纤,单模光纤与成像探头中的准直器相连接,出射光经由准直器准直入射MEMS镜,MEMS镜可以改变空间光扫描范围,扫描光由反射光反射后入射光纤导纤维近端,在光纤导纤维远端出射后穿过透光反声镜入射待成像组织表面。换能器用于采集组织受激产生的超声信号。Specifically, the pulsed laser emits pulsed laser light into the imaging probe, and the pulsed laser scans the surface of the tissue to be imaged through the entering mirror, MEMS mirror, collimator, fiber bundle, focusing lens, and light-transmitting acoustic mirror. The pulsed laser is coupled into the single-mode fiber through the fiber coupler, and the single-mode fiber is connected to the collimator in the imaging probe. The outgoing light is collimated into the MEMS mirror through the collimator. The MEMS mirror can change the spatial light scanning range. The reflected light enters the proximal end of the optical fiber guide fiber after being reflected, and then exits from the distal end of the optical fiber guide fiber and enters the surface of the tissue to be imaged through the light-transmitting acoustic mirror. Transducers are used to collect ultrasound signals generated by tissue stimulation.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述光声成像模块,包括:Further as a preferred embodiment, the photoacoustic imaging module includes:
第一单元,用于对采集数据进行去噪平均处理,确定去噪平均数据;The first unit is used to perform denoising and averaging processing on the collected data to determine the denoising average data;
第二单元,用于对去噪平均数据进行最大值投影法进行成像,确定光声图像。The second unit is used for imaging the denoised average data by the maximum projection method to determine the photoacoustic image.
具体地,第一单元接收到来自采集卡的数字信号,对原始数据进行去噪平均处理。第二单元采用最大值投影算法对去噪平均数据进行重建,获得扫描区域的光声图像,用于呈现目标组织的空间位置及边界特征,同时为光热照射过程勾画生物靶区。Specifically, the first unit receives the digital signal from the acquisition card, and performs denoising and averaging processing on the original data. The second unit uses the maximum projection algorithm to reconstruct the denoised average data to obtain a photoacoustic image of the scanned area, which is used to present the spatial position and boundary features of the target tissue, and at the same time delineate the biological target area for the photothermal irradiation process.
进一步作为优选的实时方式,所述光热照射模块,包括:Further as a preferred real-time manner, the photothermal irradiation module includes:
第三单元,用于根据阈值分割法对光声图像进行图像参数提取处理,确定图像参数,所述图像参数包括目标边界和目标深度;The third unit is configured to perform image parameter extraction processing on the photoacoustic image according to the threshold segmentation method, and determine the image parameters, and the image parameters include the target boundary and the target depth;
第四单元,用于根据目标边界控制脉冲激光对目标部位进行定位照射,同时根据目标深度调节脉冲激光照射剂量。The fourth unit is used to control the pulsed laser to position and irradiate the target part according to the target boundary, and at the same time adjust the pulsed laser irradiation dose according to the target depth.
具体地,光声成像模块实现成像区域的三维可视化图像,得到目标区域的三维空间分布图像;第三单元采用阈值法得到目标区域的图像参数,包括三维空间坐标(x,y,z),其中(x,y)表示目标边界,z表示目标深度,将图像参数反馈至第四单元,第四单元通过控制脉冲激光沿着目标边界进行激光照射,同时,结合目标深度调节激光照射剂量,实现目标区域的精准边界和定量照射。可在光热照射过程中针对肿瘤位置的不同改变功率,实现最大程度消融肿瘤细胞同时减小对周围正常细胞热损伤。Specifically, the photoacoustic imaging module realizes the three-dimensional visualization image of the imaging area, and obtains the three-dimensional spatial distribution image of the target area; the third unit adopts the threshold method to obtain the image parameters of the target area, including the three-dimensional space coordinates (x, y, z), wherein (x, y) represents the target boundary, z represents the target depth, and the image parameters are fed back to the fourth unit. The fourth unit controls the pulsed laser to irradiate along the target boundary. At the same time, the laser irradiation dose is adjusted according to the target depth to achieve the target. Precise boundaries and quantitative exposure of areas. During the photothermal irradiation process, the power can be changed according to the position of the tumor to achieve maximum ablation of tumor cells while reducing thermal damage to surrounding normal cells.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述扫描模块包括控制器,所述控制器用于产生不同频率的方波信号用作脉冲激光器触发信号,通过改变触发信号频率从而改变光声图像成像时间。As a further preferred embodiment, the scanning module includes a controller, and the controller is configured to generate square wave signals of different frequencies as the trigger signal of the pulsed laser, and the imaging time of the photoacoustic image can be changed by changing the frequency of the trigger signal.
具体地,本发明实施例的控制器可选用STM32系列单片机,控制器可以产生不同频率的方波信号用作脉冲激光器触发信号,通过改变触发信号频率可以改变光声图像成像时间。可以想到的是,控制器还可通过改变触发信号强度从而改变激光器输出功率对不同目标部位进行量化照射。控制器控制脉冲激光器根据光声图像中目标边界特征对目标边界组织进行选择性照射,从而实现只对目标组织内部及边缘进行激发,以此实现量化光热照射。Specifically, the controller of the embodiment of the present invention can select STM32 series single chip microcomputer, the controller can generate square wave signals of different frequencies as the pulse laser trigger signal, and the photoacoustic image imaging time can be changed by changing the trigger signal frequency. It is conceivable that the controller can also quantitatively irradiate different target parts by changing the intensity of the trigger signal to change the output power of the laser. The controller controls the pulsed laser to selectively irradiate the target boundary tissue according to the target boundary characteristics in the photoacoustic image, so that only the interior and edges of the target tissue are excited, thereby realizing quantitative photothermal irradiation.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述成像探头为内窥结构,对狭窄腔体进行内窥成像。As a further preferred embodiment, the imaging probe is an endoscopic structure, and performs endoscopic imaging on a narrow cavity.
具体地,本发明实施例可选用内窥结构的成像探头,例如,针对腔体内部肿瘤灶,可采用内窥成像探头,深入狭窄组织内部,进行内窥成像,获得深层组织信息。可以想到的是,本发明实施例还可选用显微成像探头可进行体表显微成像。Specifically, an imaging probe with an endoscopic structure can be selected in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, for tumor foci inside the cavity, an endoscopic imaging probe can be used to penetrate into the narrow tissue to perform endoscopic imaging to obtain deep tissue information. It is conceivable that in the embodiment of the present invention, a microscopic imaging probe may also be selected to perform microscopic imaging of the body surface.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述成像探头采用前向扫描方式进行扫描成像。As a further preferred embodiment, the imaging probe adopts a forward scanning manner to perform scanning imaging.
具体地,本发明实施例的成像探头采用前向扫描方式。前向扫描方式中采用光纤束可以有效延长工作距离,探头前端透光反声镜的加入可以反射光声回波信号,由侧壁高频超声换能器接收,高频超声换能器的主频为40M,带宽为80%,信号放大器放大增益为50dB。Specifically, the imaging probe of the embodiment of the present invention adopts a forward scanning manner. The use of optical fiber bundles in the forward scanning mode can effectively extend the working distance. The addition of a translucent and acoustic mirror at the front end of the probe can reflect the photoacoustic echo signal, which is received by the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer on the side wall. The frequency is 40M, the bandwidth is 80%, and the amplification gain of the signal amplifier is 50dB.
参照图2,本发明实施例还提供了一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射装置,包括脉冲激光器、光纤耦合器、成像探头、控制器、计算机、采集卡和信号放大器,所述脉冲激光器与光纤耦合器电连接,所述光纤耦合器与成像探头电连接,所述成像探头与信号放大器电连接,所述信号放大器与采集卡电连接,所述采集卡与计算机电连接,所述计算机与控制器电连接,所述控制器与脉冲激光器电连接。Referring to FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present invention further provides a quantitative photothermal irradiation device based on photoacoustic imaging, including a pulsed laser, a fiber coupler, an imaging probe, a controller, a computer, a capture card and a signal amplifier. The pulsed laser It is electrically connected with a fiber optic coupler, the fiber optic coupler is electrically connected with the imaging probe, the imaging probe is electrically connected with the signal amplifier, the signal amplifier is electrically connected with the acquisition card, the acquisition card is electrically connected with the computer, the computer It is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the pulsed laser.
具体地,本发明实施例通过脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光进入光纤耦合器进行耦合,入射成像探头对待成像组织表面进行扫描,待成像组织受激产生光致超声信号,由成像探头内部换能器接收该超声信号同时转换为电信号,通过信号放大器将电信号进行放大,通过采集卡传送至计算机,通过计算机重建生成光声图像,并对光声图像进行参数提取,根据图像参数对控制器进行电控制,控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器。Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a pulsed laser is used to transmit a pulsed laser into a fiber coupler for coupling, and the incident imaging probe scans the surface of the tissue to be imaged, and the tissue to be imaged is excited to generate a photo-induced ultrasonic signal, which is received by an internal transducer of the imaging probe. The ultrasonic signal is converted into an electrical signal at the same time, the electrical signal is amplified by the signal amplifier, transmitted to the computer through the acquisition card, and the photoacoustic image is reconstructed and generated by the computer, and the parameters of the photoacoustic image are extracted, and the controller is electrically controlled according to the image parameters. , the controller generates a trigger signal to control the pulsed laser.
参照图3,本发明实施例还提供了一种基于光声成像的量化光热照射方法,包括:Referring to FIG. 3 , an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for quantitative photothermal irradiation based on photoacoustic imaging, including:
通过控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光,脉冲激光由光纤耦合器耦合进入单模光纤,经过成像探头到达待成像组织表面,对待成像组织表面进行扫描;The trigger signal is generated by the controller to control the pulsed laser to emit pulsed laser, the pulsed laser is coupled into the single-mode fiber by the fiber coupler, and reaches the surface of the tissue to be imaged through the imaging probe, and scans the surface of the tissue to be imaged;
接收对待成像组织扫描得到的光声信号,并转换为电信号,通过同轴电缆进入信号放大器,将放大后的电信号由采集卡进行采集处理,确定采集数据;Receive the photoacoustic signal scanned by the tissue to be imaged, convert it into an electrical signal, enter the signal amplifier through a coaxial cable, and collect and process the amplified electrical signal by the acquisition card to determine the acquisition data;
对采集数据进行重建处理,确定光声图像;Reconstruct the collected data to determine the photoacoustic image;
对光声图像进行图像参数提取处理,根据提取得到的图像参数调整脉冲激光,对目标部位进行光热照射。Image parameter extraction processing is performed on the photoacoustic image, the pulsed laser is adjusted according to the extracted image parameters, and photothermal irradiation is performed on the target part.
本发明的流程具体包括:通过控制器产生触发信号控制脉冲激光器发射脉冲激光,脉冲激光由光纤耦合器耦合进入单模光纤,经过成像探头到达待成像组织表面,对待成像组织表面进行扫描;接收对待成像组织扫描得到的光声信号,并转换为电信号,通过同轴电缆进入信号放大器,将放大后的电信号由采集卡进行采集处理,得到采集数据。对采集数据进行重建处理,得到光声图像。本发明实施例可应用于对肿瘤组织成像,由重建图像可得血管网络分布,相较于正常组织,肿瘤组织血管网络密集且弯曲,对应血管网络图像为强信号区域,通过判断照射区域信号强度可区分肿瘤组织与正常组织,在光热过程中脉冲激光器输出功率可依据肿瘤不同位置信号强度进行量化照射。本发明实施例不仅可以对目标区域进行光声成像,利用血红蛋白对532nm脉冲激光特异性吸收呈现血管网络,相较于正常组织,肿瘤组织附近血管网络密集,血管弯曲度大,血流含氧量低,对应血管网络图像为强信号区域,依据血管网络结构特点可清晰分辨肿瘤组织空间位置及实体边界,同时可以依据光声图像中肿瘤边界特征选择性照射肿瘤边界组织,从而实现只对肿瘤组织内部及边缘进行激发,以此实现量化光热照射。The process of the present invention specifically includes: generating a trigger signal by the controller to control the pulsed laser to emit pulsed laser, the pulsed laser is coupled into the single-mode optical fiber by the fiber coupler, reaches the surface of the tissue to be imaged through the imaging probe, and scans the surface of the tissue to be imaged; The photoacoustic signal obtained by the imaging tissue scan is converted into an electrical signal, which enters the signal amplifier through a coaxial cable, and the amplified electrical signal is collected and processed by the acquisition card to obtain the collected data. The acquired data is reconstructed to obtain a photoacoustic image. The embodiment of the present invention can be applied to imaging tumor tissue, and the distribution of blood vessel network can be obtained from the reconstructed image. Compared with normal tissue, the blood vessel network of tumor tissue is dense and curved, and the corresponding blood vessel network image is a strong signal area. By judging the signal intensity of the irradiation area It can distinguish tumor tissue from normal tissue, and the output power of the pulsed laser can be quantified and irradiated according to the signal intensity of different positions of the tumor during the photothermal process. The embodiment of the present invention can not only perform photoacoustic imaging on the target area, but also use hemoglobin to specifically absorb the 532 nm pulsed laser to present a blood vessel network. Compared with normal tissue, the blood vessel network near the tumor tissue is dense, the blood vessel curvature is large, and the blood flow oxygen content Low, the corresponding vascular network image is a strong signal area. According to the structural characteristics of the vascular network, the spatial position and solid boundary of the tumor tissue can be clearly distinguished. At the same time, the tumor boundary tissue can be selectively irradiated according to the characteristics of the tumor boundary in the photoacoustic image, so that only the tumor tissue can be irradiated. The interior and edges are excited to achieve quantified photothermal irradiation.
与图3的方法相对应,本发明实施例还提供了一种电子设备,包括处理器以及存储器;所述存储器用于存储程序;所述处理器执行所述程序实现如前面所述的方法。Corresponding to the method in FIG. 3 , an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a program; the processor executes the program to implement the method described above.
与图3的方法相对应,本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述存储介质存储有程序,所述程序被处理器执行实现如前面所述的方法。Corresponding to the method in FIG. 3 , an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the aforementioned method.
本发明实施例还公开了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序,该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令,该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中。计算机设备的处理器可以从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令,处理器执行该计算机指令,使得该计算机设备执行图3所示的方法。The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a computer program product or computer program, where the computer program product or computer program includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device can read the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions to cause the computer device to perform the method shown in FIG. 3 .
综上所述,本发明实施例具有以下优点:To sum up, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
(1)本发明实施例实现了光声成像、光热照射的一体化。(1) The embodiment of the present invention realizes the integration of photoacoustic imaging and photothermal irradiation.
(2)本发明实施例相较于传统影像学技术,光声成像技术具有光学成像分辨率高与声学成像深度深的特点,成像原理基于光声效应,无需外源造影剂,无电离辐射,可成像肿瘤微血管网络,获得肿瘤组织的空间位置及边界轮廓。(2) Compared with the traditional imaging technology in the embodiment of the present invention, the photoacoustic imaging technology has the characteristics of high optical imaging resolution and deep acoustic imaging depth. The imaging principle is based on the photoacoustic effect, no external contrast agent, and no ionizing radiation. The tumor microvascular network can be imaged to obtain the spatial position and boundary contour of the tumor tissue.
(3)本发明实施例通过光声图像获得肿瘤空间位置及其分布,针对不同肿瘤特点制定光热照射方案,光热照射过程中可实时显示肿瘤轮廓,脉冲激光照射肿瘤中心区域,使得肿瘤靶组织升温凝固坏死,脉冲激光功率可调,在肿瘤边界区域可减小功率,避免对周围正常组织噪声热损伤,实现精准光热照射。(3) In the embodiment of the present invention, the spatial position and distribution of the tumor are obtained through the photoacoustic image, and the photothermal irradiation plan is formulated according to the characteristics of different tumors. Tissue heating, coagulation and necrosis, the pulsed laser power can be adjusted, and the power can be reduced in the tumor boundary area to avoid noise thermal damage to surrounding normal tissue, and achieve precise photothermal irradiation.
在一些可选择的实施例中,在方框图中提到的功能/操作可以不按照操作示图提到的顺序发生。例如,取决于所涉及的功能/操作,连续示出的两个方框实际上可以被大体上同时地执行或所述方框有时能以相反顺序被执行。此外,在本发明的流程图中所呈现和描述的实施例以示例的方式被提供,目的在于提供对技术更全面的理解。所公开的方法不限于本文所呈现的操作和逻辑流程。可选择的实施例是可预期的,其中各种操作的顺序被改变以及其中被描述为较大操作的一部分的子操作被独立地执行。In some alternative implementations, the functions/operations noted in the block diagrams may occur out of the order noted in the operational diagrams. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/operations involved. Furthermore, the embodiments presented and described in the flowcharts of the present invention are provided by way of example in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed methods are not limited to the operations and logic flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated in which the order of the various operations are altered and in which sub-operations described as part of larger operations are performed independently.
此外,虽然在功能性模块的背景下描述了本发明,但应当理解的是,除非另有相反说明,所述的功能和/或特征中的一个或多个可以被集成在单个物理装置和/或软件模块中,或者一个或多个功能和/或特征可以在单独的物理装置或软件模块中被实现。还可以理解的是,有关每个模块的实际实现的详细讨论对于理解本发明是不必要的。更确切地说,考虑到在本文中公开的装置中各种功能模块的属性、功能和内部关系的情况下,在工程师的常规技术内将会了解该模块的实际实现。因此,本领域技术人员运用普通技术就能够在无需过度试验的情况下实现在权利要求书中所阐明的本发明。还可以理解的是,所公开的特定概念仅仅是说明性的,并不意在限制本发明的范围,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书及其等同方案的全部范围来决定。Furthermore, while the invention is described in the context of functional modules, it is to be understood that, unless stated to the contrary, one or more of the described functions and/or features may be integrated in a single physical device and/or or software modules, or one or more functions and/or features may be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It will also be appreciated that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is not necessary to understand the present invention. Rather, given the attributes, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the apparatus disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the modules will be within the routine skill of the engineer. Accordingly, those skilled in the art, using ordinary skill, can implement the invention as set forth in the claims without undue experimentation. It is also to be understood that the specific concepts disclosed are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is to be determined by the appended claims along with their full scope of equivalents.
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-On ly Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, Read-Only Memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other various storage media that can store program codes. medium.
在流程图中表示或在此以其他方式描述的逻辑和/或步骤,例如,可以被认为是用于实现逻辑功能的可执行指令的定序列表,可以具体实现在任何计算机可读介质中,以供指令执行系统、装置或设备(如基于计算机的系统、包括处理器的系统或其他可以从指令执行系统、装置或设备取指令并执行指令的系统)使用,或结合这些指令执行系统、装置或设备而使用。就本说明书而言,“计算机可读介质”可以是任何可以包含、存储、通信、传播或传输程序以供指令执行系统、装置或设备或结合这些指令执行系统、装置或设备而使用的装置。The logic and/or steps represented in flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, may be considered an ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, may be embodied in any computer-readable medium, For use with, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or apparatus) or equipment. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or apparatus.
计算机可读介质的更具体的示例(非穷尽性列表)包括以下:具有一个或多个布线的电连接部(电子装置),便携式计算机盘盒(磁装置),随机存取存储器(RAM),只读存储器(ROM),可擦除可编辑只读存储器(EPROM或闪速存储器),光纤装置,以及便携式光盘只读存储器(CDROM)。另外,计算机可读介质甚至可以是可在其上打印所述程序的纸或其他合适的介质,因为可以例如通过对纸或其他介质进行光学扫描,接着进行编辑、解译或必要时以其他合适方式进行处理来以电子方式获得所述程序,然后将其存储在计算机存储器中。More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer readable media include the following: electrical connections with one or more wiring (electronic devices), portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Editable Read Only Memory (EPROM or Flash Memory), Fiber Optic Devices, and Portable Compact Disc Read Only Memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program may be printed, as the paper or other medium may be optically scanned, for example, followed by editing, interpretation, or other suitable medium as necessary process to obtain the program electronically and then store it in computer memory.
应当理解,本发明的各部分可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的组合来实现。在上述实施方式中,多个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行系统执行的软件或固件来实现。例如,如果用硬件来实现,和在另一实施方式中一样,可用本领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现:具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路,具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路,可编程门阵列(PGA),现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等。It should be understood that various parts of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: Discrete logic circuits, application specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gates, Programmable Gate Arrays (PGA), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), etc.
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
以上是对本发明的较佳实施进行了具体说明,但本发明并不限于所述实施例,熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做出种种的等同变形或替换,这些等同的变形或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent deformations or replacements on the premise of not violating the spirit of the present invention, These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
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