CN114532569B - Variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in fixed-color period in bulk curing barn - Google Patents
Variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in fixed-color period in bulk curing barn Download PDFInfo
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- CN114532569B CN114532569B CN202210403986.1A CN202210403986A CN114532569B CN 114532569 B CN114532569 B CN 114532569B CN 202210403986 A CN202210403986 A CN 202210403986A CN 114532569 B CN114532569 B CN 114532569B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B9/00—Control of the moisture content of tobacco products, e.g. cigars, cigarettes, pipe tobacco
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention provides a variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in a bulk curing barn in a color fixing period, which changes the existing wind speed control method of the bulk curing barn, adopts a variable-frequency air-control variable-speed wind speed control method in the tobacco leaf color fixing period, firstly adjusts the wind speed of a tobacco chamber to the optimal wind speed at a set temperature, and then adjusts the motor frequency of a circulating fan, so that the wind speed of the tobacco chamber periodically changes up and down at the optimal wind speed, the wind speed changed by periodic wind flow can effectively avoid the wind wall effect, the contact between tobacco leaf blades in the tobacco chamber and air flow is enhanced, the tobacco leaf dehydration is accelerated, and the water in the curing barn is promoted to be discharged to the outside.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco leaf baking equipment, in particular to a variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf baking in a bulk curing barn in a fixed-color period.
Background
The tobacco leaves are cured and prepared after being mature and harvested to fix and show the internal quality of the tobacco leaves, and currently, the curing and the preparation of the tobacco leaves are mainly carried out in a bulk curing barn. At present, the tobacco curing and modulation in bulk curing barn is basically popularized in China, but the structure and the configuration basically follow and use the traditional technology for reference, and the problems of large yellowing difference between sheds, rough moisture and ventilation, serious loss of aroma substances formed by curing and the like exist. The main reason is that the motor of the existing circulating fan for the bulk curing barn is mainly a 4/6-level double-speed motor of 960-1440 r/min, the motor is controlled by only two gears, namely a high gear and a low gear, and the air volume control precision is poor and the lag is serious. In order to change the situation, technicians apply the frequency converter to the control of the circulating fan of the bulk curing barn, and in the color fixing period of tobacco leaf curing, the frequency converter is set at 35Hz, 40Hz or other fixed frequencies by using the frequency conversion technology to control the air quantity of the circulating fan, so that the moisture removing capacity of the bulk curing barn can be improved, and the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved. However, both the control method of the frequency converter controlled circulating fan and the control method of the original double-speed motor are fixed wind speed output. The fixed wind speed flows along the surface of the blade for a long time, so that a wind wall is formed on the contact surface between the blade and the wind flow, and a wind wall effect is formed on the surface of the blade, so that the wind wall is similar to a large-door wind wall in a market in summer to separate indoor and outdoor gas exchange. The air hole on the surface of the blade is cut off by the air wall of the bulk curing barn, so that water vapor in the blade cannot be emitted into the air flow, the drying efficiency of the blade is influenced, the moisture discharging efficiency of tobacco leaves in the color fixing period is caused, as if the fan is used for drying wet clothes in summer, under the condition of the same gear, the clothes can be dried faster by swinging the fan than the fixed fan, the reason is that the flowing direction of the air flow of the fixed fan is fixed, and the air wall effect is formed on the surface of the wet clothes. A circulating fan of the bulk curing barn outputs at a fixed wind speed, so that a wind wall effect is formed on the surface of tobacco leaves, and the drying efficiency of the tobacco leaves and the quality of the dried tobacco leaves are seriously influenced by the existence of the wind wall effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In summary, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in a bulk curing barn during a color fixing period, which changes the existing air speed control method for the bulk curing barn, adopts the variable-frequency air-control variable-speed air speed control method during the color fixing period of the tobacco leaves, firstly adjusts the air speed of a tobacco containing chamber to the optimal air speed under the set temperature, and then adjusts the motor frequency of a circulating fan, so that the air speed of the tobacco containing chamber periodically changes up and down at the optimal air speed, the periodically changed air speed can effectively avoid the air wall effect, improve the ventilation quantity among tobacco leaf blades in the tobacco containing chamber, accelerate the dehydration of the tobacco leaves and promote the water in the curing barn to be discharged to the outside.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in a bulk curing barn in a fixed-color period comprises the following steps: controlling the frequency of a motor of a circulating fan by a tobacco leaf curing controller of the bulk curing barn, controlling the rotating speed of the circulating fan by frequency conversion, controlling the wind speed in a tobacco loading chamber of the bulk curing barn, arranging a wind speed measuring instrument in the tobacco loading chamber of the bulk curing barn, detecting the wind speed in the tobacco loading chamber by using the wind speed measuring instrument, setting the tobacco leaf color fixing and curing temperature to be X ℃ by the tobacco leaf curing controller and setting the motor frequency regulation and control amplitude value of the circulating fan to be V at the color fixing stage of tobacco leaf curing X Hz, and the frequency conversion period of the motor of the circulating fan is set to be Z X Then slowly changing the motor frequency of the circulating fan to ensure that the air speed in the tobacco containing chamber reaches the optimal air speed when the color fixing and baking temperature is X ℃, and the frequency of the circulating fan at the optimal air speed is the optimal frequency U of the motor of the circulating fan when the color fixing and baking temperature is X DEG C X Hz, and then controlling the motor frequency of the circulating fan by a tobacco curing controller to ensure that the motor frequency of the circulating fan is in the optimal frequency U X Frequency of base point in Hz and U X -V X Hz~U X +V X Hz is the frequency variation range, and Z is X Hour is a frequency conversion period, and the front is madeThe air speed in the tobacco loading chamber of the bulk curing barn is changed periodically, so that the air wall effect on the surface of the blades is avoided, and the dehydration and the moisture discharge of the tobacco leaves are accelerated.
The technical scheme of the invention can also be realized in such a way that when the bulk curing barn is an airflow descending type bulk curing barn, the wind speed measuring instrument is arranged at the position of the leaf tip of the lowermost layer of tobacco leaves in the tobacco containing chamber, and when the bulk curing barn is an airflow ascending type bulk curing barn, the wind speed measuring instrument is arranged at the position of the leaf stalk of the uppermost layer of tobacco leaves in the tobacco containing chamber.
The technical scheme of the invention can also be realized in such a way that when the motor of the circulating fan of the bulk curing barn is a variable frequency motor, the control end of the variable frequency motor of the circulating fan is electrically connected with the tobacco curing controller through a control line; when the motor of the circulating fan of the bulk curing barn is a 4/6-level double-speed motor, the power input end of the double-speed motor is electrically connected with the power output end of the frequency converter through a power line, the power input end of the frequency converter is electrically connected with a power supply through a power line, and the control end of the frequency converter is electrically connected with the tobacco curing controller through a control line.
The technical scheme of the invention can also be realized in such a way that the optimal wind speed is 0.2-0.3 m/s.
A variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in a bulk curing barn in a fixed color period comprises the following process steps:
step S1: yellow leaf and yellow rib stage of tobacco leaf in color fixing period
Step S11: after the yellowing stage is finished, setting the dry bulb temperature of a tobacco loading chamber in the yellow leaf and yellow rib stage of the tobacco leaf in the color fixing stage to be X for multiple times on a tobacco leaf baking control instrument of the bulk curing barn 1 Setting the motor frequency regulation amplitude value of the circulating fan to be V DEG C X1 Hz, and the frequency conversion period of the motor of the circulating fan is set to be Z X1 Hour, dry bulb temperature is set to X 1 The tobacco leaf fixation baking time is a hours at the temperature,
step S12: the tobacco leaf baking controller controls the heating device of the bulk curing barn to heat the tobacco containing chamber at the speed of 1 ℃ every 2 hours, and when the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber reaches the set temperature X 1 At the time of DEG C, the tobacco baking controller controls the wind speed measuring instrumentDetecting the wind speed of the tobacco chamber, simultaneously controlling the motor frequency of the circulating fan by the tobacco baking controller to enable the motor of the circulating fan to slowly increase the rotating speed of the circulating fan by the amplification of 2Hz, and when the wind speed measuring instrument detects that the wind speed of the tobacco chamber is 0.2-0.3 m/s, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is that the dry bulb temperature is X 1 Optimum moisture removal frequency U at DEG C X1 Hz，
Step S13: the tobacco leaf baking control instrument controls the frequency rise of the motor of the circulating fan from 0~1/4Z X1 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X1 Hz to U X1 +V X1 Hz, from 1/4Z X1 ~3/4Z X1 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X1 +V X1 Hz to U X1 -V X1 Hz, from 3/4Z X1 ~ Z X1 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X1 -V X1 Reduction of Hz to U X1 Hz, the steps are repeated in a periodic cycle until the tobacco leaf color fixing and baking time reaches a hours or the tobacco leaves Huang Pianhuang ribs are in a small reel shape;
step S2: drying stage of tobacco leaf in color fixing period
Step S21: after Huang Pianhuang ribs of tobacco leaves, setting the dry bulb temperature of a tobacco loading chamber in the tobacco leaf drying stage at the color fixing period of the tobacco leaves for multiple times as X on a tobacco leaf drying controller of a bulk curing barn 2 Setting motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of circulating fan at DEG C X2 Hz, setting the frequency conversion period of the motor frequency of the circulating fan to be Z X2 In hours, the dry bulb temperature is set to X 2 The baking time of the tobacco leaf in the color fixing period and the drying stage is b hours at the temperature,
step S22: the tobacco leaf baking controller controls the heating device of the bulk curing barn to heat the tobacco containing chamber at the speed of 1 ℃ every 2 hours, and when the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber reaches the set temperature X 2 When the wind speed measuring instrument detects that the wind speed of the tobacco chamber is 0.2-0.3 zxft 8978/s, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is X, the dry bulb temperature is the frequency of the motor of the circulating fan at the moment 2 Maximum at DEG COptimum humidity-discharging frequency U X2 Hz，
Step S23: the tobacco leaf baking control instrument controls the frequency rise of the circulating fan to be 0~1/4Z X2 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X2 Hz to U X2 +V X2 Hz, from 1/4Z X2 ~3/4Z X2 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X2 +V X2 Hz to U X2 -V X2 Hz, from 3/4Z X2 ~ Z X2 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X2 -V X2 Reduction of Hz to U X2 Hz, periodically and circularly repeating the steps until the color fixing and baking time of the tobacco leaves reaches b hours or the tobacco leaves are completely dry but the main pulse is not dry;
and finishing the baking of the tobacco leaves in the color fixing period.
The technical scheme of the invention can also be realized in such a way that the step S11: the yellow piece and yellow rib stage of the tobacco leaf color fixing period is characterized in that the dry bulb temperature X of the tobacco loading chamber of the yellow piece and yellow rib stage of the tobacco leaf color fixing period is set on a tobacco leaf baking control instrument for two times 1 Setting motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of the circulating fan at 43 ℃ and 46 ℃ respectively X1 Setting motor frequency conversion period Z of circulating fan at = 8-10Hz X1 Setting dry bulb temperature X for 4 hours 1 Setting the dry bulb temperature X at 43 deg.C, the tobacco leaf fixation baking time a is 10 hr 1 And when the temperature is not less than 46 ℃, the tobacco leaves are subjected to color fixing and baking until the tobacco leaves Huang Pianhuang ribs are in a small reel shape.
The technical scheme of the invention can also be realized in such a way that the step S21: in the dry tobacco leaf stage of the color fixing period, the dry bulb temperature X of the tobacco loading chamber in the yellow tobacco leaf and yellow tobacco leaf stage of the color fixing period is set on a tobacco leaf baking controller for two times 2 Setting motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of the circulating fan at 48 ℃ and 54 ℃ respectively X2 Setting motor frequency conversion period Z of circulating fan at = 8-10Hz X2 Setting dry bulb temperature X for 2 hours 2 Setting the dry bulb temperature X at 48 deg.C, the tobacco leaf fixation baking time b is 6 hr 2 And when the temperature is not less than 54 ℃, the tobacco leaves are subjected to color fixing and baking until the tobacco leaves are completely dried but the main vein is not dried.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention changes the existing wind speed control method of the bulk curing barn, adopts a variable-frequency wind-control variable-speed wind speed control method in the tobacco leaf fixation period, firstly adjusts the wind speed of the tobacco chamber to the optimal wind speed under the set temperature, then adjusts the motor frequency of the circulating fan, so that the wind speed of the tobacco chamber is periodically changed up and down at the optimal wind speed, the periodically changed wind speed can effectively avoid the wind wall effect, improve the ventilation quantity between the tobacco leaf blades in the tobacco chamber, accelerate the dehydration of the tobacco leaf and promote the water in the curing barn to be discharged to the outside.
2. The frequency of the circulating fan is adjusted by the tobacco curing controller, so that the air speed of the tobacco chamber takes the optimal air speed as the base point air speed, sinusoidal periodic change is carried out within a certain range, the periodically changed air speed can effectively avoid the wind wall effect, the ventilation among the blades of the tobacco chamber is smooth, and the tobacco leaf dehumidification is facilitated, so that the dehumidification efficiency of the tobacco leaf during the color fixing period during the tobacco leaf curing is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bulk curer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bulk curer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency converter and a tobacco baking controller of a bulk curing barn according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the tobacco leaf curing fixed color period drying ball temperature of X ℃ and the motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of the circulating fan X Hz, frequency conversion period of Z X And (5) a control curve graph of the motor frequency of the circulating fan under the hour condition.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example one
In this embodiment, the bulk curer is an existing airflow descending bulk curer, when the circulating fan 3 is a 4/6-level double-speed motor, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3, the existing bulk curer is modified, the frequency converter 6 is added, the frequency converter 6 is disposed in the electrical box 5, the power input end of the motor of the circulating fan 3 is electrically connected with the power output end of the frequency converter 6 through a power line, the power input end of the frequency converter 6 is electrically connected with the power supply through a power line, and the control end of the frequency converter 6 is electrically connected with the tobacco baking controller 2 through a control line.
A variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in a bulk curing barn in a fixed-color period comprises the following steps: controlling the frequency of a motor of a circulating fan 3 by a tobacco leaf curing controller 2 of a bulk curing barn, controlling the rotating speed of the circulating fan 3 by variable frequency so as to control the wind speed in a tobacco chamber 1 of the bulk curing barn, arranging a wind speed measuring instrument 4 in the tobacco chamber 1 of the bulk curing barn, arranging the wind speed measuring instrument 4 at the position of the tip of the tobacco leaf at the lowest layer in the tobacco chamber 1, detecting the wind speed in the tobacco chamber 1 by using the wind speed measuring instrument 4, setting the tobacco leaf color fixing curing temperature to be X ℃ by the tobacco leaf curing controller 2 and setting the motor frequency regulation amplitude value of the circulating fan 3 to be V at the color fixing stage of tobacco leaf curing X Hz, and the frequency conversion period of the motor of the circulating fan 3 is set as Z X After the time, slowly changing the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 to ensure that the air speed in the tobacco containing chamber 1 reaches the optimal air speed when the color fixing and baking temperature is X ℃, wherein the optimal air speed is 0.2-0.3 m/s, at the moment, the leaf tip of the tobacco in the tobacco containing chamber 1 slightly swings, and the optimal frequency U of the motor of the circulating fan 3 when the frequency of the circulating fan 3 at the optimal air speed is the optimal frequency U of the motor of the circulating fan 3 when the color fixing and baking temperature is X DEG C X Hz, and then the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is controlled by the tobacco curing controller 2 to ensure that the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is at the optimal frequency U X Frequency of base point in Hz and U X -V X Hz~U X +V X Hz is the frequency variation range, and Z is X The time is a frequency conversion period, and the positive pitch and the negative pitch are periodically changed, so that the wind speed in the tobacco containing chamber 1 of the bulk curing barn is periodically changed, the wind wall effect on the surface of the leaf is avoided, and the dehydration and the moisture discharge of the tobacco leaves are accelerated.
In the embodiment, yujinxiang No. 1 variety upper tobacco leaves (15 to 16 leaf positions) are used as test materials, and the following color fixing baking process is adopted in the baking color fixing period:
a variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in a bulk curing barn in a fixed-color period comprises the following process steps:
step S11: after the yellowing stage is finished, the dry bulb temperature of a tobacco loading chamber 1 in the yellow tobacco leaf yellow rib stage in the tobacco leaf color fixing stage is set to be X on a tobacco leaf baking control instrument 2 of the bulk curing barn 1 =43 ℃, and the motor frequency regulation amplitude value of the circulating fan 3 is set to V 43 =8Hz, and the frequency conversion period of the motor of the circulating fan 3 is set to Z 43 Setting dry bulb temperature as X for 4 hours 1 The tobacco leaf fixation baking time at 43 ℃ is a =10 hours,
step S12: the tobacco leaf baking controller 2 controls the heating device of the bulk curing barn to heat the tobacco containing chamber 1 at the speed of heating 1 ℃ per 2 hours, and when the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber 1 reaches the set temperature X 1 If the temperature is not higher than 43 ℃, the tobacco flue-curing controller 2 controls the air speed measuring instrument 4 to detect the air speed of the tobacco chamber 1, meanwhile, the tobacco flue-curing controller 2 controls the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 through the frequency converter 6, so that the motor of the circulating fan 3 slowly increases the rotating speed of the circulating fan 3 by an amplification of 2Hz, and when the air speed measuring instrument 4 detects that the air speed of the tobacco chamber 1 is 0.2-0.3 m/s, the frequency displayed by the frequency converter 6 at this moment is the optimal dehumidifying frequency U when the dry bulb temperature is 43 ℃ 43 Hz，
Step S13: as shown in figure 4, the tobacco baking control instrument 2 controls the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 to rise through the frequency converter 6, and the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is controlled from U for 0~1 hours 43 Hz to U 43 +8Hz, 1~3 hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is changed from U 43 +8Hz down to U 43 -8Hz, from 3~4 hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is from U 43 -8Hz to U 43 Hz, periodically and circularly repeating the steps until the tobacco leaf color fixing and baking time reaches 10 hours;
repeating the step S11, setting the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber 1 in the yellow piece and yellow rib stage in the tobacco fixing period on the tobacco baking control instrument 2 as X 1 =46 ℃, and setting a motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of the circulation fan 3 46 =10Hz, and the frequency conversion period of the motor of the circulating fan 3 is set to Z 46 Setting dry bulb temperature as X for 4 hours 1 And the tobacco leaf color fixing and baking time at 46 ℃ is a =10 hours.
Repeating the step S12, heating the tobacco containing chamber 1 at the speed of heating 1 ℃ every 2 hours, and when the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber 1 reaches the set temperature X 1 When the temperature is not less than 46 ℃, the tobacco flue-curing controller 2 controls the wind speed measuring instrument 4 to detect the wind speed of the tobacco filling chamber 1, meanwhile, the tobacco flue-curing controller 2 controls the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 through the frequency converter 6, so that the motor of the circulating fan 3 slowly increases the rotating speed of the circulating fan 3 in an amplification manner of 2Hz, and when the wind speed measuring instrument 4 detects that the wind speed of the tobacco filling chamber 1 is 0.2-0.3 m/s, the frequency displayed by the frequency converter 6 at the moment is the optimal dehumidifying frequency U when the dry bulb temperature is 46 ℃ 46 Hz，
Repeating the step S13, controlling the frequency of the circulating fan 3 to rise by the tobacco curing controller 2 through the frequency converter 6, and controlling the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 to be U from 0~1 hours 46 Hz to U 46 +10Hz, from 1 to 3 hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is changed from U 46 +10Hz down to U 46 10Hz, 3 to 4 hours, and the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is changed from U 46 -10Hz down to U 46 Hz, the process is repeated periodically until the tobacco leaves Huang Pianhuang are twined into small rolls.
Step S2: drying stage of tobacco leaf in color fixing period
Step S21: after the tobacco leaves Huang Pianhuang are cured, the temperature of the dry bulb of the tobacco loading chamber 1 in the tobacco leaf curing stage at the color fixing period is set to be X on the tobacco leaf curing controller 2 of the bulk curing barn 2 C, setting a motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of the circulating fan 3 48 =10Hz, and the motor frequency conversion period of the circulation fan 3 is set to Z 48 =2 hours, dry bulb temperature is set to X 2 The curing time of the tobacco leaf in the color fixing period and the drying stage at 48 ℃ is b =6 hours,
step S22: the tobacco leaf baking controller 2 controls the heating device of the bulk curing barn to heat the tobacco containing chamber 1 at the speed of 1 ℃ per 2 hours, and when the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber 1 reaches the set temperature X 2 At 48 ℃, the tobacco baking controller 2 controls the wind speed measuring instrument 4 to detect the wind speed of the tobacco loading chamber 1, and meanwhile, the tobacco baking controller dries the tobaccoThe baking controller 2 controls the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 through the frequency converter 6, so that the motor of the circulating fan 3 slowly increases the rotating speed of the circulating fan 3 by the amplification of 2Hz, and when the wind speed measuring instrument 4 detects that the wind speed of the tobacco containing chamber 1 is 0.2-0.3 m/s, the frequency displayed by the frequency converter 6 is that the dry bulb temperature is X 2 Optimum humidity discharging frequency U of 48 DEG C 48 Hz，
Step S23: the tobacco baking control instrument 2 controls the frequency of the circulating fan 3 to rise from 0 to 0.5 hour through the frequency converter 6, and the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is controlled from U 48 Hz to U 48 +10Hz, from 0.5 to 1.5 hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is changed from U 48 +10Hz down to U 48 10Hz, 1.5 to 2 hours, and the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is changed from U 48 -10Hz to U 48 Hz, periodically and circularly repeating the steps until the tobacco leaf color fixing and baking time reaches b =6 hours;
repeating the step S21: the temperature of a dry bulb of a tobacco loading chamber 1 in a tobacco leaf color fixing period and a tobacco leaf drying stage is set to be X on a tobacco leaf baking controller 2 of a bulk curing barn 2 =54 ℃, and motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of circulating fan 3 is set 54 =8Hz, and the frequency conversion period of the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is set to Z 54 =2 hours, dry bulb temperature is set to X 2 The baking time of the tobacco leaf in the color fixing period and the drying stage at 54 ℃ is b =6 hours,
repeating the step S22: the tobacco leaf baking controller 2 controls the heating device of the bulk curing barn to heat the tobacco containing chamber 1 at the speed of heating 1 ℃ per 2 hours, and when the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber 1 reaches the set temperature X 2 When the temperature is not less than 54 ℃, the tobacco flue-curing controller 2 controls the wind speed measuring instrument 4 to detect the wind speed of the tobacco chamber 1, meanwhile, the tobacco flue-curing controller 2 controls the frequency of the motor of the circulating fan 3 through the frequency converter 6, so that the motor of the circulating fan 3 slowly increases the rotating speed of the circulating fan 3 at an amplification of 2Hz, and when the wind speed measuring instrument 4 detects that the wind speed of the tobacco chamber 1 is 0.2-0.3 m/s, the frequency displayed by the frequency converter 6 is the dry bulb temperature X 2 Optimum moisture removal frequency U of =54 DEG C 54 Hz，
And repeating the step S23: the tobacco baking control instrument 2 controls the frequency rise of the circulating fan 3 through the frequency converter 6, and the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is adjusted from 0 to 0.5 hoursSlave U 54 Hz to U 54 +8Hz, from 0.5 to 1.5 hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is changed from U 54 +8Hz down to U 54 8Hz, 1.5 to 2 hours, and the motor frequency of the circulating fan 3 is changed from U 54 -8Hz to U 54 Hz, the steps are periodically and circularly repeated until the leaves of the tobacco leaves are completely dried but the main pulse is not dried, so that the tobacco leaf color fixing period baking is finished.
Example two
Example one was repeated with the following differences: the bulk curer of this embodiment is newly-built bulk curer, and inverter motor is directly adopted to this bulk curer's circulating fan 3 newly-built, and inverter motor's control end and tobacco leaf toast controller 2 are connected through the control line electricity. The tobacco baking controller 2 can directly control the variable frequency motor. In step S1, the dry bulb temperature X 1 Setting the motor frequency regulation amplitude value of the circulating fan 3 to be V at the temperature of 43 ℃ and 46 DEG C X1 =9Hz, dry bulb temperature X in step S2 2 Setting the motor frequency regulation amplitude value of the circulating fan 3 as V at 48 ℃ and 54 DEG C X2 =9Hz。
EXAMPLE III
Example one was repeated with the following differences: in step S1, the dry bulb temperature X 1 Setting the motor frequency regulation amplitude value of the circulating fan 3 to be V at the temperature of 43 ℃ and 46 DEG C X1 =9Hz, dry bulb temperature X in step S2 2 Setting the motor frequency regulation amplitude value of the circulating fan 3 as V at 48 ℃ and 54 DEG C X2 =10Hz。
Comparative examples
In the embodiment, yujinxiang No. 1 variety upper tobacco leaves (15 to 16 leaf positions) are used as test materials, a motor of a circulating fan 3 of the bulk curing barn is mainly a 4/6-grade double-speed motor of 960-1440 r/min, and fixed wind speed output is adopted to supply wind for a tobacco loading chamber 1 of the bulk curing barn.
Statistics of the baking time of the whole fixation period in the first, second, third and comparative examples are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the traditional fixed-color-period baking process, the method provided by the invention can effectively shorten the tobacco leaf fixed-color-period baking time.
The same conventional yellowing baking process and dry rib baking process are adopted in the first, second, third and third comparative examples until the tobacco leaves are baked, the coal consumption, the power consumption, the dry smoke weight, the coal price and the electricity price in the whole baking process of the first, second, third and comparative examples are counted, the baking cost is calculated, and the statistical results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the traditional fixed-color-period baking process, the method of the invention can effectively reduce the coal consumption, reduce the power consumption, obviously improve the weight of the baked dry tobacco and effectively reduce the baking cost of the tobacco leaves.
100kg of each of the cured dry tobacco leaves of examples one, two, three and comparative examples was weighed, and the medium tobacco ratio, orange tobacco ratio, green tobacco ratio and variegated tobacco ratio were counted, and the statistical results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from the third table, compared with the traditional fixed-color-period baking process, the second embodiment has the best effect, the ratio of the upper-middle smoke and the orange-yellow smoke after baking is improved by 19.36 percent, the ratio of the orange-yellow smoke is improved by 4.79 percent, the proportion of the green tobacco is reduced by 6.32 percent, and the proportion of the mottled tobacco is reduced by 1.97 percent, so that the method can effectively improve the tobacco leaf baking quality.
Each 100kg of the cured dry tobacco leaves of the first, second, third and comparative examples was weighed, and the chemical components of the cured tobacco leaves were analyzed and compared, and the results of the comparison are shown in Table 4
TABLE 4
As can be seen from Table 4, compared with the transmission baking process, the content of total sugar and reducing sugar in the baked tobacco leaves has no significant difference, and the nicotine content is reduced, wherein the baking process of the second embodiment has the most nicotine reduction and has little difference of the total nitrogen, potassium and chlorine contents.
In conclusion, the tobacco curing, color fixing, variable-frequency air-control and accelerated dehydration method can effectively shorten the curing time of the tobacco curing and color fixing period, reduce the tobacco curing cost, improve the tobacco curing quality and efficiency and reduce the nicotine content in the cured tobacco.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and that equivalent substitutions or other modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the prior art are all included within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not exceed the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in a bulk curing barn in a fixed-color period is characterized by comprising the following steps: controlling the frequency of a motor of a circulating fan by a tobacco leaf curing controller of the bulk curing barn, controlling the rotating speed of the circulating fan by frequency conversion, controlling the wind speed in a tobacco loading chamber of the bulk curing barn, arranging a wind speed measuring instrument in the tobacco loading chamber of the bulk curing barn, detecting the wind speed in the tobacco loading chamber by using the wind speed measuring instrument, setting the tobacco leaf color fixing and curing temperature to be X ℃ by the tobacco leaf curing controller and setting the motor frequency regulation and control amplitude value of the circulating fan to be V at the color fixing stage of tobacco leaf curing X Hz, and the frequency conversion period of the motor of the circulating fan is set to be Z X After that, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is slowly changed to ensure that the wind speed in the smoke containing chamber reaches the optimal wind speed when the color fixing and baking temperature is X DEG C, and the optimal wind speed is the bestThe optimal frequency U of the motor of the circulating fan when the frequency of the circulating fan at the optimal wind speed is the fixed color baking temperature X DEG C X Hz, and then controlling the motor frequency of the circulating fan by a tobacco curing controller to ensure that the motor frequency of the circulating fan is in the optimal frequency U X Frequency of base point in Hz and U X -V X Hz~U X +V X Hz is the frequency variation range, and Z is X The hour is a frequency conversion period, and sine periodic change is carried out, so that the wind speed in the tobacco loading chamber of the bulk curing barn is periodically changed, the wind wall effect on the surface of the blades is avoided, the dehydration and the moisture discharge of the tobacco leaves are accelerated,
the tobacco leaf baking and fixing period comprises a yellow piece and yellow rib stage and a dry piece stage, and the baking process comprises the following steps:
step S1: yellow leaf and yellow tendon stage of tobacco leaf in color fixing period
Step S11: after the yellowing stage is finished, setting the dry bulb temperature of a tobacco loading chamber in the yellow leaf and yellow rib stage of the tobacco leaf in the color fixing stage to be X for multiple times on a tobacco leaf baking control instrument of the bulk curing barn 1 Setting the motor frequency regulation amplitude value of the circulating fan to be V DEG C X1 Hz, and setting the frequency conversion period of the motor of the circulating fan to be Z X1 Hour, dry bulb temperature is set to X 1 The tobacco leaf fixation baking time is a hours at the temperature,
step S12: the tobacco leaf baking controller controls the heating device of the bulk curing barn to heat the tobacco containing chamber at the speed of 1 ℃ every 2 hours, and when the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber reaches the set temperature X 1 When the wind speed measuring instrument detects that the wind speed of the tobacco chamber is 0.2-0.3 zxft 8978/s, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is X, the dry bulb temperature is the frequency of the motor of the circulating fan at the moment 1 Optimum moisture removal frequency U at DEG C X1 Hz，
Step S13: the tobacco leaf baking control instrument controls the frequency rise of the motor of the circulating fan through the frequency converter, and the frequency rises from 0~1/4Z X1 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X1 Hz to U X1 +V X1 Hz, from 1/4Z X1 ~3/4Z X1 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X1 +V X1 Reduction of Hz to U X1 -V X1 Hz, from 3/4Z X1 ~ Z X1 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X1 -V X1 Reduction of Hz to U X1 Hz, the steps are repeated in a periodic cycle until the tobacco leaf color fixing and baking time reaches a hours or the tobacco leaves Huang Pianhuang ribs are in a small reel shape;
step S2: drying stage of tobacco leaf in color fixing period
Step S21: after the tobacco leaves Huang Pianhuang are cured, setting the temperature of a dry bulb of a tobacco loading chamber in a tobacco leaf curing stage in a tobacco leaf color fixing period for multiple times on a tobacco leaf curing controller of a bulk curing barn to be X 2 Setting motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of circulating fan at the temperature of DEG C X2 Hz, setting the frequency conversion period of the motor frequency of the circulating fan to be Z X2 In hours, the dry bulb temperature is set to X 2 The baking time of the tobacco leaves at the color fixing period and the drying stage is b hours at the temperature of b DEG C,
step S22: the tobacco leaf baking control instrument controls the heating device of the bulk curing barn to heat the tobacco containing chamber at the speed of 1 ℃ per 2 hours, and when the dry bulb temperature of the tobacco containing chamber reaches the set temperature X 2 When the wind speed measuring instrument detects that the wind speed of the tobacco chamber is 0.2-0.3 zxft 8978/s, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is X, the dry bulb temperature is the frequency of the motor of the circulating fan at the moment 2 Optimum moisture removal frequency U at DEG C X2 Hz，
Step S23: the tobacco leaf baking control instrument controls the frequency rise of the circulating fan to be 0~1/4Z X2 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X2 Hz to U X2 +V X2 Hz, from 1/4Z X2 ~3/4Z X2 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X2 +V X2 Reduction of Hz to U X2 -V X2 Hz, from 3/4Z X2 ~ Z X2 In hours, the motor frequency of the circulating fan is changed from U X2 -V X2 Reduction of Hz to U X2 Hz, periodically repeating the steps until the tobacco leaves are fixedThe color baking time reaches b hours or the tobacco leaves are completely dry but the main pulse is not dry;
thus, the tobacco leaf is baked in the color fixing period.
2. The variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in fixed-color period according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the bulk curing barn is an airflow descending type bulk curing barn, the wind speed measuring instrument is arranged at the position of the leaf tip of the tobacco leaf at the lowest layer in the tobacco containing chamber, and when the bulk curing barn is an airflow ascending type bulk curing barn, the wind speed measuring instrument is arranged at the position of the leaf stalk of the tobacco leaf at the uppermost layer in the tobacco containing chamber.
3. The variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in fixed-color period according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the motor of the circulating fan of the bulk curing barn is a variable frequency motor, the control end of the variable frequency motor of the circulating fan is electrically connected with the tobacco curing controller through a control line; when the motor of the circulating fan of the bulk curing barn is a 4/6-level double-speed motor, the power input end of the double-speed motor is electrically connected with the power output end of the frequency converter through a power line, the power input end of the frequency converter is electrically connected with a power supply through a power line, and the control end of the frequency converter is electrically connected with the tobacco curing controller through a control line.
4. The variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in fixed-color period according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S11: the yellow piece and yellow rib stage of the tobacco leaf color fixing period is characterized in that the dry bulb temperature X of the tobacco loading chamber of the yellow piece and yellow rib stage of the tobacco leaf color fixing period is set on a tobacco leaf baking control instrument for two times 1 Setting motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of the circulating fan at 43 ℃ and 46 ℃ respectively X1 Setting motor frequency conversion period Z of circulating fan at = 8-10Hz X1 =4 hours, set dry bulb temperature X 1 Setting the dry bulb temperature X at 43 deg.C, the tobacco leaf fixation baking time a is 10 hr 1 And when the temperature is not less than 46 ℃, the tobacco leaves are subjected to color fixing and baking until the tobacco leaves Huang Pianhuang ribs are in a small reel shape.
5. The variable-frequency air-control accelerated dehydration method for tobacco leaf curing in fixed-color period according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S21: in the drying stage of the tobacco leaf fixation period, the dry bulb temperature X of the tobacco filling chamber in the yellow leaf and yellow rib stage of the tobacco leaf fixation period is set on a tobacco leaf baking control instrument for two times 2 Setting motor frequency regulation amplitude value V of the circulating fan at 48 ℃ and 54 ℃ respectively X2 Setting motor frequency conversion period Z of circulating fan at = 8-10Hz X2 Setting dry bulb temperature X for 2 hours 2 Setting the dry bulb temperature X at 48 ℃, the tobacco leaf color fixing and baking time b is 6 hours 2 And when the temperature is not less than 54 ℃, the tobacco leaves are subjected to color fixing and baking until the tobacco leaves are completely dried but the main vein is not dried.
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| CN112137151A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2020-12-29 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Accurate frequency conversion intelligent control method of tobacco curing barn circulating fan based on air pressure difference |
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| CN103296962B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2017-08-15 | 艾默生电气公司 | The speed control of speed change multi-phase motor |
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| CN108113041A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-06-05 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | A kind of baking method of flue-cured tobacco cultivars NC55 tobacco leaves |
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