CN109222196B - Variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power curing barn and curing modulation process thereof - Google Patents
Variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power curing barn and curing modulation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109222196B CN109222196B CN201811447379.5A CN201811447379A CN109222196B CN 109222196 B CN109222196 B CN 109222196B CN 201811447379 A CN201811447379 A CN 201811447379A CN 109222196 B CN109222196 B CN 109222196B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power curing barn and a curing and modulating process thereof. The dual-power curing barn of frequency conversion formula flue-cured tobacco heat pump includes tobacco curing chamber, heating chamber, heat pump set, biomass fuel stove, sets up air intake, the return air inlet that supplies with the circulation of heating air current and flow between tobacco curing chamber and the heating chamber, sets up heat pump set, biomass fuel stove in the heating chamber. The variable-frequency heat pump dual-power baking modulation process for the flue-cured tobacco comprises a yellowing stage, a withering stage, a color fixing stage and a tendon drying stage. The invention adopts the air flow closed cycle and the heat supply outside the biomass fuel furnace to be used simultaneously or alternatively to form dual-power baking, realizes automatic control by the control device, can finely control the temperature change, has high heat utilization efficiency, low baking cost and energy conservation, reduces the baking modulation loss of tobacco leaves, improves the baking quality, coordinates the yellowing and the fixation of the tobacco leaves, matches the drying and the aroma, and realizes the baking targets of the tobacco leaves such as yellowing, baking and aroma.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco baking equipment, and particularly relates to a variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power baking room capable of effectively reducing energy consumption and improving heat utilization efficiency and a baking modulation process thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the tobacco industry, the standard of the tobacco leaf demand is higher and higher, the production of high-quality tobacco leaves is the main direction of the future development, and the science and technology cigarette has become the main melody of the development of the traditional agriculture to the modern tobacco leaves. The tobacco curing barn is matched by an advanced scientific technology, the internal quality and the external quality of tobacco leaves are continuously improved, the labor intensity and the production cost are reduced, the economic benefit is increased, and the tobacco curing barn becomes a necessary means for tobacco to mainly compete for the market at the present stage. In four links of tobacco seedling raising, planting, picking and baking, the baking is a link with the least controllable quality, the highest risk and the largest loss of the flue-cured tobacco. The tobacco leaf baking is an essential key link in the production of flue-cured tobacco, is also the weakest link in the production of the tobacco leaves at present, solves the problem of baking and modulating the tobacco leaves, namely maintains the enthusiasm of farmers for growing the tobacco and solves the problem of stable tobacco production.
Aiming at the problems existing in tobacco leaf baking, the problem is mainly solved by optimizing the structure of a bulk curing barn and matching with a special tobacco leaf baking controller at present, and the intensive production and management of tobacco leaves are greatly promoted, but the heat supply of the domestic bulk curing barn is mainly coal-fired, and various problems such as the quality of the baked tobacco leaves is influenced due to unstable combustion and uneven temperature rise, fuel waste is caused due to over-high ineffective energy consumption, and environmental damage is caused by the emission of a large amount of pollutants such as SO2, CO2, NOX, particulate matters and the like cannot be ignored. And current tobacco leaf toasts the controller with toasting temperature and humidity as control parameter, because the tobacco leaf maturity is different, lead to automatic control effect not good, and is intelligent, degree of automation is lower, toast and control relatively complicated, the recruitment level is high, and tobacco leaf adaptability is poor, and the quality needs to promote after the roast (present stage bulk curer exists artificial compulsory shortening the baking time, macromolecular compound decomposes the conversion inadequately in the tobacco leaf, and the synthetic volume of aroma material is less, leads to the tobacco leaf to have quality problems such as dull and stereotyped tobacco leaf is many after the roast, the colour is light, the oil content is few).
In order to overcome the defects, heating modes such as biomass granular fuel, electromagnetic heating, resistance heating, infrared heating and the like are provided, and a series of new problems are brought although some problems in coal-fired heating can be avoided. For example, the biomass particles are distributed dispersedly, the density is low, the distribution of the points of a manufacturer is less, the yield is low, the development is slow, and the baking technology of the biomass fuel baking room has a certain distance for breaking through the existing baking technology and completely realizing intelligent and precise baking. Although the electromagnetic heating is fast in heating, the energy consumption is high, the heat efficiency is low, and the energy is not saved; and resistance heating and infrared heating electricity adds roast room and gets rid of (or remain) the original firing equipment in roast room, at the original heating chamber in roast room and the indoor installation multiunit resistance wire of flue-cured tobacco or far infrared carbon fiber electrothermal tube, adjust the temperature in the roast room through the different combinations of control multiunit resistance wire or far infrared carbon fiber electrothermal tube, although control is comparatively simple, no matter resistance wire or far infrared carbon fiber electrothermal tube all have the inefficiency of generating heat, output can only segment control, lead to the not enough meticulous and steady problem of temperature adjustment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable-frequency type flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power curing barn capable of effectively reducing energy consumption and improving heat utilization efficiency, and aims to provide a curing modulation process of the variable-frequency type flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power curing barn.
The first object of the present invention is achieved by: the tobacco curing device comprises a tobacco curing chamber, a heating chamber, a heat pump unit and a biomass fuel furnace, wherein the heating chamber is closed and is adjacent to the tobacco curing chamber, an air inlet is formed in the upper part of a heat insulation wall, a return air inlet is formed in the lower part of the heat insulation wall, a flow guide wall is arranged in the heating chamber just opposite to the return air inlet, a separation wall is arranged outside the flow guide wall, a ventilation channel is formed between the flow guide wall and the heat insulation wall, an installation space is formed between the flow guide wall and the separation wall, a ventilation opening communicated with the ventilation channel and the installation space is formed in the flow guide wall, a heat pump evaporator of the heat pump unit is arranged just opposite to the ventilation opening in the installation space, a heat exchange device is arranged in the installation space above the heat pump evaporator, a flow guide fan is arranged above the heat exchange device, a baffle perpendicular, the biomass fuel heat pump system is characterized in that a circulating fan is arranged in an air inlet behind a heat pump condenser, a biomass fuel furnace and a control device are arranged in a heating chamber on any side of a heat pump unit, variable frequency controllers are respectively arranged on the biomass fuel furnace, a heat pump evaporator, a flow guide fan, a flow guide switching valve, the heat pump condenser, a compressor of the heat pump unit, the circulating fan and a heat exchange device, and the variable frequency controllers are in signal connection with the control device.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by: comprises a yellowing stage, a withering stage, a color fixing stage and a tendon drying stage, and comprises the following specific steps
(1) Yellowing stage
1A, after tobacco leaves are put into a curing barn and ignited, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 37.0-38.0 ℃ from the room temperature at the synchronous heating rate of 2.0 ℃/h, the wet bulb temperature is increased to 36.0-37.0 ℃, then a heat exchange device 7 is operated to absorb humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1A in an air duct 1h, the humid air is precooled and discharged to a heat pump evaporator 4a, the humid air forms liquid drops through condensation on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to realize dehumidification, the humid air enters a tobacco curing chamber 1A after being subjected to dehumidification operation, and the tobacco leaves on the high temperature layer become yellow by 6-8 cm;
1B, adjusting firepower, continuously heating the tobacco leaves obtained by baking in the step 1a at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, heating the dry bulb to 38.0-40.0 ℃, heating the wet bulb to 37.0-38.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from the tobacco baking chamber 1a in the air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco baking chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, and baking the humid air to high-temperature layer tobacco leaves green-rib yellow slices;
1C, adjusting the fire power, keeping the temperature of the stable wet ball at 38.0 ℃, raising the temperature of the dry ball to 42.0-44.0 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of 1.0 ℃/h, continuously operating the heat exchange device 7, sucking the dehumidified air into a preheating channel from an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a of the heat exchange device 7, preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, so that the air enters a tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a after being subjected to the preheating removal operation and is cured to a low-temperature layer tobacco leaf green-rib yellow sheet;
(2) withering period
2A, adjusting firepower, stabilizing the dry-bulb temperature to 42.0-44.0 ℃, reducing the wet-bulb temperature from 38.0 ℃ to 35-36 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/2h, continuously operating the heat exchange device 7, sucking the dehumidified air into a preheating channel through an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a of the heat exchange device 7, preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, so that the air enters a tobacco baking chamber 1a after being subjected to the preheating removal operation, and is baked until the tobacco leaves on the high-temperature layer slightly wither and collapse due to water loss;
2B, adjusting firepower, raising the temperature of the dry tobacco to 48.0-49.0 ℃ at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet tobacco to 37.0-38 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1a in an air duct 1h, pre-cooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, curing to a high-temperature layer tobacco leaf dry part 1/4-1/3, fully withering the hook tip of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaf, and whitening the main veins of the whole-furnace tobacco leaves;
(3) fixation period
3A, adjusting the fire power, increasing the temperature of a dry bulb to 53.0-54.0 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, keeping, adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 38.0-39 ℃, keeping, baking to 1/2-2/3 of high-temperature layer tobacco leaf stems and 1/3-1/2 of low-temperature layer tobacco leaf stems, and realizing tobacco leaf baking fragrance;
3B, adjusting the fire power, raising the temperature of the dry tobacco to 62.0-63.0 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet tobacco to 39.0-40.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing the humid air discharged from the tobacco curing chamber 1a in the air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, and curing until the color difference of the front and the back of the tobacco leaves is approximate;
(4) a muscle drying period; and (3) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 67.0-68.0 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet pellets to 40.0-41.0 ℃, drying the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace, and finishing the baking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention adopts the air current closed cycle and the heat supply outside the biomass fuel furnace to be used simultaneously or alternatively to form double-power baking, so that the heating air current has large cycle and small treatment capacity in a baking room, and has the modes of heating, dehumidifying or condensing and dehumidifying through an air source heat pump to achieve the drying purpose;
2. the invention fully considers the problems of uneven quality, higher modulation difficulty and difficult moisture removal of various fresh tobacco leaves; the control ranges of the wind speed, the wind pressure and the rotating speed of the tobacco leaf baking in the yellowing stage, the withering stage, the color fixing stage and the dry-rib stage are controlled by adopting variable frequency, and the wind speed, the wind pressure and the rotating speed can be adjusted randomly according to objective actual requirements to meet the requirements of different working conditions; the baking aims of tobacco leaf yellowing and water loss coordination, color fixation and aroma enhancement, and dry and fragrance retention in the baking process are realized, the baked yellow tobacco rate can be greatly improved, and the tobacco leaf quality is improved; the tobacco leaves are effectively prevented from being baked under high-temperature conditions in the heating process, and the baking quality is reduced;
3. the invention can reduce the starch content of the cured tobacco leaves to about 3 percent to reach the standard level of the tobacco leaves, and in the curing process, the air flow closed cycle can effectively reduce the energy consumption, the heat utilization efficiency is high, the automatic control is realized through the control device, the operation is more convenient and simple, the temperature change can be finely and stably adjusted and controlled, and the dual-power curing has low curing cost and more energy saving compared with other types of curing modes, can properly embody or fix the quality of fresh tobacco leaves, reduce the cured tobacco leaves, reduce the modulation loss of the tobacco leaves and realize the curing aims of tobacco leaf yellowing, drying and aroma curing;
4. the invention fully considers the problems of uneven quality, higher modulation difficulty and difficult moisture removal of various fresh tobacco leaves; the temperature rise and fall of the dry bulb and the wet bulb are controlled step by step, so that the baking targets of yellowing, strip forming, fixed color, fragrance giving and dry rib fragrance keeping of the tobacco leaves are realized, the yellow tobacco rate is improved, and the quality of the tobacco leaves is improved; the baking aims of tobacco leaf yellowing and water loss coordination, color fixation and aroma enhancement, and dry and fragrance retention in the baking process are realized, the baked yellow tobacco rate can be greatly improved, and the tobacco leaf quality is improved;
5. the invention can effectively prevent tobacco leaves from being baked under high temperature condition in the heating process and reduce the baking quality; the ventilation is finished by means of the control of high and low speed gears of the circulating fan, different moisture removing modes are adopted in different stages, double-power moisture removing baking is realized, the moisture removing of tobacco leaves is accelerated, the water loss of the tobacco leaves is improved, the harmony of yellowing and color fixing of the tobacco leaves is ensured, and the drying and aroma matching are realized; in the baking process, the method of maintaining the stability of the dry bulb temperature and gradually reducing the wet bulb temperature is adopted, so that the quality of fresh tobacco leaves can be properly reflected or fixed, the bad tobacco leaves are baked, the tobacco leaf modulation loss is reduced, and the baking aims of tobacco leaf yellowing baking, baking and baking aroma baking are fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat collecting tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the hexagonal housing of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the heat collecting tube of the present invention;
reference numbers in the figures: 1 to a flue-curing house, 1a to a tobacco-curing chamber, 1b to a heating chamber, 1c to a heat-insulating wall, 1d to an air inlet, 1e to an air return port, 1f to a guide wall, 1g to a barrier wall, 1h to an air duct, 1i to a circulating fan, 2 to a biomass fuel furnace, 3 to a control device, 4 to a heat pump unit, 4a to a heat pump evaporator, 4b to a guide fan, 4c to a baffle, 4d to a guide switching valve, 4e to a heat pump condenser, 4f to a compressor, 4g to a circulating pipeline, 4h to a throttle valve, 4i to a condensation tank, 4j to a liquid discharge pipe, 5 to a heating fin, 6 to a heat collection pipe, 6a to a heat absorption pipe, 6b to a heat storage medium, 6c to a heat exchange pipe, 6d to a heat preservation pipe plug, 7 to a heat exchange device, 7a to a hexagonal housing, 7b to a pre-cooling guide plate, 7c to a heat pipe heat exchanger, 7e to the heat insulating block, 7f to the mobile base, 7g to the mobile base guide rail, 7h to the heating block, 7i to the gas port, 7j to the horizontal driving cylinder, 8 to the temperature sensor, 9 to the humidity transducer, 10 to the infrared spectrum analyzer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teaching of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
The dual-power curing barn of inverter type flue-cured tobacco heat pump that shown in attached figure 1~5, including flue-cured tobacco chamber 1a, heating chamber 1b, heat pump set 4, biomass fuel stove 2, its characterized in that: the heating chamber 1b is closed and is adjacent to the tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a, the upper part of a heat insulation wall 1c is provided with an air inlet 1d, the lower part of the heat insulation wall 1c is provided with an air return port 1e, the heating chamber 1b is internally provided with a guide wall 1f opposite to the air return port 1e, the outer side of the guide wall 1f is provided with a separation wall 1g, a ventilating duct 1h is formed between the guide wall 1f and the heat insulation wall 1c, an installation space is formed between the guide wall 1f and the separation wall 1g, the guide wall 1f is provided with a ventilating opening communicated with the ventilating duct 1h and the installation space, a heat pump evaporator 4a of a heat pump unit 4 is arranged in the installation space opposite to the ventilating opening, a heat exchange device 7 is arranged in the installation space above the heat pump evaporator 4a, a guide fan 4b is arranged above the heat exchange device 7, the top of the guide wall 1f is provided with a baffle 4c, just set up heat pump condenser 4e of heat pump set 4 to air intake 1d in heating chamber 1b, set up circulating fan 1i in air intake 1d at heat pump condenser 4e rear set up biomass fuel stove 2 and controlling means 3 in heating chamber 1b of heat pump set 4 arbitrary side, be provided with variable frequency controller respectively on biomass fuel stove 2, heat pump evaporimeter 4a, water conservancy diversion fan 4b, water conservancy diversion diverter valve 4d, heat pump condenser 4e, heat pump set 4's compressor 4f, circulating fan 1i, heat transfer device 7, variable frequency controller signal connection controlling means 3.
Any one or each lateral wall of flue-cured tobacco chamber 1a on evenly set up heating fin 5 from bottom to top, heating fin 5 connects thermal-collecting tube 6.
6 one ends of thermal-collecting tubes set up in ventiduct 1h, in the other end passed thermal-insulated wall 1c and extended into flue-cured tobacco chamber 1a, thermal-collecting tubes 6 include heat-absorbing tube 6a, heat accumulation medium 6b, heat exchange tube 6c and heat preservation stopcock 6d, heat-absorbing tube 6 a's one end is airtight and set up in ventiduct 1h, the other end sets up the opening and sets up in flue-cured tobacco chamber 1a, pack heat accumulation medium 6b in the heat-absorbing tube 6a, set up heat preservation stopcock 6d at heat exchange tube 6 c's opening part, heat exchange tube 6c one end is passed heat preservation stopcock 6d and is coaxial setting in heat-absorbing tube 6a, and heating fin 5 is connected.
The heat absorption tube 6a is a double-layer hollow tube, a heat absorption coating is coated on the inner tube wall of the heat absorption tube 6a, and the heat absorption tube 6a is vacuumized.
The heat exchange tube 6c is of a closed oval circulating tube structure, a heat exchange medium is filled in the heat exchange tube 6c, and a control valve is further arranged between the heat exchange tube 6c and the heating fin 5.
And a heat insulation layer is wrapped outside the heat exchange tube 6c between the heat absorption tube 6a and the heating fin 5.
The heat exchange device 7 comprises two hexagonal shells 7a, a guide plate 7b, a pre-cooling heat pipe heat exchanger 7c, a pre-heating heat pipe heat exchanger 7d, a heat insulation block 7e, a movable base 7f, a movable base guide rail 7g and a heating block 7h which are arranged in parallel, the hexagonal shells 7a are internally provided with a plurality of guide plates 7b at equal intervals from top to bottom in sequence, the adjacent guide plates 7b are arranged in a staggered manner, the guide plates 7b divide the hexagonal shells 7a into serpentine airflow channels, the top and the bottom of each hexagonal shell 7a are respectively provided with an air port 7i, the serpentine airflow channel of one hexagonal shell 7a is a pre-cooling channel, the serpentine airflow channel of the other hexagonal shell 7a is a pre-heating channel, and the airflow direction firstly passes through the pre-cooling channel of the hexagonal shell 7a and then passes through the pre-heating channel of the hexagonal shell, the pre-cooling heat pipe heat exchanger 7c is horizontal, the evaporation section is arranged in the pre-cooling channel, the heat insulation section and the condensation section pass through the baking room 1 and are positioned outside the baking room 1, the pre-heating heat pipe heat exchanger 7d is horizontal, the condensation section is arranged in the pre-heating channel, the heat insulation section and the evaporation section pass through the baking room 1 and are positioned outside the baking room 1, the heat insulation block 7e is arranged opposite to the pre-cooling heat pipe heat exchanger 7c, heat insulation holes corresponding to the pre-cooling heat pipe heat exchangers 7c one by one are arranged on one surface of the heat insulation block 7e opposite to the pre-cooling heat pipe heat exchanger 7c, the movable base 7f is arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation block 7e, the movable base guide rail 7g is arranged at the bottom of the movable base 7f, the movable base 7f is in sliding fit with the movable base guide rail 7g, heating holes corresponding to the pre-heating heat pipe heat exchangers 7d one by one are arranged on one surfaces of, and the evaporation section of the preheating heat pipe heat exchanger 7d is arranged in the heating hole.
And a horizontal driving cylinder 7j is arranged on the side surface of the heat insulation block 7 e.
The heating block 7h is made of heat-insulating materials, and electric heating elements are arranged in the heating holes.
The pre-cooling heat pipe exchanger 7c is provided with a pre-cooling working medium.
The preheating heat pipe heat exchanger 7d is provided with a preheating working medium.
The heating block 7h is made of heat-insulating materials, the inner wall of the heating hole is provided with a heat exchange tube 6c, and the heat exchange tube 6c is connected with a flue gas pipe of the biomass burner to form a closed loop.
The diversion switch valve 4d include the valve plate drive, and the valve plate of being connected with it, the valve plate drive sets up on baffle 4c, the valve plate sets up in ventiduct 1h top correspond the valve plate on thermal-insulated wall 1c and be provided with the supporting recess that suits with it.
The valve plate is driven by a hydraulic power unit or a cylinder.
A monitoring system connected with the control device 3 is arranged in the tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a, the monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor 8, a humidity sensor 9 and an infrared spectrum analyzer 10 which are arranged in the tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a, the temperature sensor 8 and the humidity sensor 9 are respectively arranged at a plurality of positions in the tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a and are in signal connection with the control device 3, the infrared spectrum analyzer 10 is arranged in the tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a, and a measuring probe is opposite to tobacco leaves; the temperature and the internal components (moisture, starch, pigment, protein and the like) of the tobacco leaves are detected and monitored in real time through an infrared spectrum analyzer 10 arranged in a tobacco curing chamber 1a, a field controller compares the temperature and the internal components of the tobacco leaves with a stored curing curve by combining the temperature and humidity conditions of a temperature and humidity monitoring system in the curing chamber 1, the rotating speed of a circulating fan 1i and the opening and closing of a compressor 4f of a heat pump unit 4 and a throttle valve 4h between a heat pump condenser 4e and a heat pump evaporator 4a are intelligently controlled, the temperature and the humidity in the curing chamber 1 can be timely and accurately adjusted, the curing quality is improved, and the purposes of reducing the loss of the tobacco leaves and improving the flavor are achieved.
The bottom of the heat pump evaporator 4a is provided with a condensation pool 4i, and the condensation pool 4i is provided with a liquid discharge pipe 4j connected with the outside.
The control device 3 is respectively connected with the horizontal driving cylinder 7j, the electric heating element, the valve plate drive, the guide fan 4b and the circulating fan 1i, and buttons for starting or stopping the horizontal driving cylinder 7j, the electric heating element, the valve plate drive, the biomass burner, the guide fan 4b and the circulating fan 1i are arranged on a control panel of the control device 3.
The control device 3 is a PLC programmable logic controller or a PC.
As shown in fig. 6, in another embodiment of the heat collecting tube 6, the heat collecting tube 6 is arranged at the top of the tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a, the heat collecting tube 6 is arranged at an acute angle with the horizontal line, the heat collecting tube 6 includes a heat absorbing tube 6a, a heat storage medium 6b, a heat exchanging tube 6c and a heat preservation tube plug 6d, one end of the heat absorbing tube 6a is closed, the other end is provided with an opening, the heat storage medium 6b is filled in the heat absorbing tube 6a, the heat preservation tube plug 6d is arranged at the opening of the heat exchanging tube 6c, one end of the heat exchanging tube 6c penetrates through the heat preservation tube plug 6d and is coaxially arranged in the heat absorbing tube 6a, the other end penetrates downward into the tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a to be connected with the heating fin 5, the heat absorbing tube 6a can directly absorb solar energy to supply the heating fin 5, so.
A baking modulation process of a variable-frequency type flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power baking room comprises a yellowing stage, a withering stage, a color fixing stage and a tendon drying stage and specifically comprises the following steps
(1) Yellowing stage
1A, after tobacco leaves are put into a curing barn and ignited, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 37.0-38.0 ℃ from the room temperature at the synchronous heating rate of 2.0 ℃/h, the wet bulb temperature is increased to 36.0-37.0 ℃, then a heat exchange device 7 is operated to absorb humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1A in an air duct 1h, the humid air is precooled and discharged to a heat pump evaporator 4a, the humid air forms liquid drops through condensation on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to realize dehumidification, the humid air enters a tobacco curing chamber 1A after being subjected to dehumidification operation, and the tobacco leaves on the high temperature layer become yellow by 6-8 cm;
1B, adjusting firepower, continuously heating the tobacco leaves obtained by baking in the step 1a at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, heating the dry bulb to 38.0-40.0 ℃, heating the wet bulb to 37.0-38.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from the tobacco baking chamber 1a in the air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco baking chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, and baking the humid air to high-temperature layer tobacco leaves green-rib yellow slices;
1C, adjusting the fire power, keeping the temperature of the stable wet ball at 38.0 ℃, raising the temperature of the dry ball to 42.0-44.0 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of 1.0 ℃/h, continuously operating the heat exchange device 7, sucking the dehumidified air into a preheating channel from an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a of the heat exchange device 7, preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, so that the air enters a tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a after being subjected to the preheating removal operation and is cured to a low-temperature layer tobacco leaf green-rib yellow sheet;
(2) withering period
2A, adjusting firepower, stabilizing the dry-bulb temperature to 42.0-44.0 ℃, reducing the wet-bulb temperature from 38.0 ℃ to 35-36 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/2h, continuously operating the heat exchange device 7, sucking the dehumidified air into a preheating channel through an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a of the heat exchange device 7, preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, so that the air enters a tobacco baking chamber 1a after being subjected to the preheating removal operation, and is baked until the tobacco leaves on the high-temperature layer slightly wither and collapse due to water loss;
2B, adjusting firepower, raising the temperature of the dry tobacco to 48.0-49.0 ℃ at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet tobacco to 37.0-38 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1a in an air duct 1h, pre-cooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, curing to a high-temperature layer tobacco leaf dry part 1/4-1/3, fully withering the hook tip of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaf, and whitening the main veins of the whole-furnace tobacco leaves;
(3) fixation period
3A, adjusting the fire power, increasing the temperature of a dry bulb to 53.0-54.0 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, keeping, adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 38.0-39 ℃, keeping, baking to 1/2-2/3 of high-temperature layer tobacco leaf stems and 1/3-1/2 of low-temperature layer tobacco leaf stems, and realizing tobacco leaf baking fragrance;
3B, adjusting the fire power, raising the temperature of the dry tobacco to 62.0-63.0 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet tobacco to 39.0-40.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing the humid air discharged from the tobacco curing chamber 1a in the air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, and curing until the color difference of the front and the back of the tobacco leaves is approximate;
(4) a muscle drying period; and (3) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 67.0-68.0 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet pellets to 40.0-41.0 ℃, drying the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace, and finishing the baking.
In the steps (1A and 1B) of the step (1), the step (2B) of the step (2) and the step (3B) of the step (3), temperature rise and moisture removal are carried out; and (3) preheating and temperature control are carried out in the step (1) 1C and the step (2) 2A, namely the temperature of the stable dry ball and the temperature of the dehumidifying ball are obtained.
Low-speed circulating fans are used in the steps 1A and 1B of the step (1) and the step 2B of the step (2), and the air volume is not more than 14500m3H, the pressure is less than 170 pa; high-speed circulating fans are used in the step 1C of the step (1) and the step 2A of the step (2), and the air quantity is not less than 21500m3The pressure is greater than 200 pa.
The tobacco leaves on the high-temperature layer are in a space area with a distance of 1m from the roof of the air-flow-down curing barn and in a space area with a distance of 1m from the ground of the curing barn for the air-flow-up curing barn, and are in a low-temperature layer relative to the rest space area
The working principle and the working process of the invention are as follows: flue-cured tobacco is loaded into a tobacco curing chamber 1a and sealed, a biomass fuel furnace 2 is started to burn and convey hot air into the tobacco curing chamber 1a, the hot air is extracted by a circulating fan 1i, enters the tobacco curing chamber 1a from an air inlet 1d, and is discharged into an air duct 1h from an air return port 1e after being circulated in the tobacco curing chamber 1a for next circulation; in the baking process, the tobacco leaves in the tobacco curing chamber 1a are heated by utilizing the heat pump condenser 4e of the heat pump unit 4 to release heat according to actual needs, and the moisture in the return air of the tobacco curing chamber 1a is filtered by utilizing the dehumidifying function of the heat pump evaporator 4a of the heat pump unit 4, so that the heating and dehumidifying functions of a set of units are realized, the moisture generated in the dehumidifying process of the heat pump evaporator 4a is condensed and collected in the condensing pool 4i, and is discharged by the liquid discharge pipe 4 j.
In the baking process, each frequency converter can be controlled by the control device 3 according to objective and actual needs, so that each frequency converter can control and randomly adjust the working frequency of the biomass fuel furnace 2, the heat pump evaporator 4a, the flow guide fan 4b, the flow guide switching valve 4d, the heat pump condenser 4e, the compressor 4f of the heat pump unit 4, the circulating fan 1i or the heat exchange device 7 which are correspondingly connected with the frequency converter, and increase or decrease the working frequency, thereby achieving the purposes of finely and stably adjusting and controlling the temperature change in the tobacco baking chamber 1a and avoiding the over-large temperature change amplitude or inaccurate influence on the baking quality of the tobacco leaves in the tobacco baking chamber 1 a.
When preheating or precooling is not needed, the heat exchange device 7 is closed, the valve plate is controlled to drive and open the valve plate, the airflow in the air duct 1h directly rises to contact the heat pump condenser 4e, and enters the tobacco curing chamber 1a from the air inlet 1d after exchanging heat with the heat pump condenser 4 e; when preheating or precooling is needed, the heat exchange device 7 is started, the valve plate is controlled to drive and close the valve plate, air flow is blocked from flowing out from the top of the air duct 1h, the air flow in the air duct 1h is enabled to completely enter the heat exchange device 7 for preheating or precooling, the preheated or precooled air flow is discharged from the air port 7i, is extracted by the diversion fan 4b and is conveyed to exchange heat with the heat pump condenser 4e, and then enters the tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a from the air inlet 1d, and tobacco leaves are cured.
During baking, partial heat energy of the air flow in the air duct 1h is absorbed by the heat absorption tube 6a and is stored in the heat storage medium 6b in advance, or the heat energy in sunlight is absorbed by the heat absorption tube 6a and is stored in the heat storage medium 6b in advance, during baking, a control valve on the heat exchange tube 6c is opened, so that the heat exchange medium circularly flows in the heat exchange tube 6c, the heat energy in the heat storage medium 6b is exchanged to the heating fin 5, and the heating fin 5 heats the air in the flue-cured tobacco chamber 1a and provides baking heat energy for the flue-cured tobacco chamber 1 a; the problem that the baking requirements cannot be met when the temperature provided by the biomass fuel furnace 2 is too low or the temperature sent by the heat pump condenser 4e is too low due to the fact that baking personnel cannot supplement fuel for the biomass fuel furnace 2 in time due to busy affairs is effectively solved; in addition, in the baking process, under the conditions of clear weather and better illumination conditions, the biomass fuel furnace 2 can be closed, the heat collecting pipes 6 directly absorb sunlight and convert the sunlight into heat energy to be supplied to the heating fins 5, and the heating fins 5 heat the gas in the tobacco baking chamber 1a to bake the tobacco leaves.
The preheating or precooling working principle of the heat exchange device 7 is as follows: moist air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1a enters an air duct 1h, the moist air enters a precooling channel from an air port 7i at the top of a hexagonal shell 7a in the ascending process, a precooling working medium in an evaporation section of a precooling heat pipe heat exchanger 7c absorbs heat and evaporates to generate steam in the process of passing through the precooling channel, the steam flows to a condensation section under the action of the pressure difference in a pipe, the steam is condensed into liquid and emits heat at the same time because the condensation section is positioned outside a curing barn 1, and the liquid of the precooling working medium flows back to the evaporation section again to be evaporated, so that the operation is repeated, and the effect of precooling the moist air is achieved; the pre-cooled humid air is discharged from an air port 7i at the bottom of the hexagonal shell 7a and passes through a heat pump evaporator 4a of the heat pump unit 4, and the humid air is condensed on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops, namely, dehumidification is carried out; the dehumidified air enters the preheating channel from an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a, the lower-temperature air flow passes through the preheating channel, the preheating working medium at the evaporation section of the preheating heat pipe exchanger 7d absorbs heat and evaporates to generate steam under the action of the heating block 7h, the steam flows to the condensation section under the action of the pressure difference in the pipe, the condensation section heats the air flow in the preheating channel, meanwhile, the steam is condensed into liquid, the preheating working medium liquid flows back to the evaporation section again to be evaporated again, and the operation is repeated in such a way, so that the effect of preheating the air is achieved; the preheated air is discharged from an air port 7i at the top of the hexagonal shell 7 a; reaching a heat pump condenser 4e of the heat pump unit 4, namely heating the air flow to meet the baking requirement; when the humidity of the baking room 1 meets the baking requirement and dehumidification is not needed, starting the horizontal driving cylinder 7j, and driving the heat insulation block 7e to move towards the pre-cooling heat pipe heat exchanger 7c by the movable base 7f, so that the heat insulation section and the condensation section of the pre-cooling heat tank heat exchanger are sleeved in the heat insulation holes; when the air flow does not need to be preheated, heating is carried out by stopping the heating block 7 h.
The invention is described in further detail below by way of examples:
example 1
1A, after tobacco leaves are put into a flue-curing barn, igniting the tobacco leaves, raising the dry bulb temperature to 37.0 ℃ from the room temperature at a synchronous heating rate of 2.0 ℃/h, wherein the wet bulb temperature is 36.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from the flue-curing barn 1A in an air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter a tobacco curing chamber 1A after dehumidification operation, and curing the tobacco leaves in a high-temperature layer to be yellow by 6-8 cm;
1B, raising the temperature of a dry bulb to 38.0 ℃ at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, raising the temperature of a wet bulb to 37.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1a in an air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops for dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, and curing the humid air to high-temperature layer tobacco leaves green-rib yellow slices;
1C, raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 42.0 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet pellets to 38.0 ℃, continuously operating the heat exchange device 7, sucking the dehumidified air into a preheating channel from an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a of the heat exchange device 7, preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, so that the air enters a tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a after being subjected to the preheating removal operation and is cured to low-temperature layer tobacco leaves, green ribs and yellow slices;
(2) withering period
2A, stabilizing the dry bulb temperature of 42.0 ℃, reducing the wet bulb temperature from 38.0 ℃ to 35 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/2h, stabilizing the temperature and humidity state, sucking the dehumidified air into a preheating channel from an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a of the heat exchange device 7, preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, enabling the air to enter a tobacco baking chamber 1a after the air is subjected to preheating removal, baking until the tobacco leaves on the high-temperature layer are slightly withered and the tobacco leaves on the middle-low layer lose water and collapse;
2B, raising the temperature of dry tobacco balls to 48.0 ℃ at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of wet tobacco balls to 37.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1a in an air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, curing to high-temperature layer tobacco leaves 1/4-1/3, fully withering the hooked tips of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaves, and whitening main veins of the whole-furnace tobacco leaves;
(3) fixation period
3A, raising the temperature of a dry bulb to 53.0 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 38.0 ℃, and baking to 1/2-2/3 parts of high-temperature lamina stems and 1/3-1/2 parts of low-temperature lamina stems;
3B, raising the temperature of the dry tobacco balls to 62.0 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet tobacco balls to 39.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from the tobacco curing chamber 1a in the air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops for dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, and curing until the color difference of the front and the back of the tobacco leaves is approximate;
(4) dry muscle period
Raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 67.0 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet pellets to 40.0 ℃, drying the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace, and finishing the baking.
The verification results are shown in table 1:
from table 1, it is known that: the double-power moisture removal tobacco curing and modulating process can overcome the difficulty in primary processing of more low-quality tobacco leaves and remarkably improve the tobacco leaf modulating quality.
Example 2
(1) Yellowing stage
1A, after tobacco leaves are put into a flue-curing barn, igniting the tobacco leaves, raising the dry bulb temperature to 38.0 ℃ from the room temperature at a synchronous heating rate of 2.0 ℃/h, wherein the wet bulb temperature is 37.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from the flue-curing barn 1A in an air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter a tobacco curing chamber 1A after dehumidification operation, and curing the tobacco leaves in a high-temperature layer to be yellow by 6-8 cm;
1B, raising the temperature of a dry bulb to 40.0 ℃ at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, raising the temperature of a wet bulb to 38.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1a in an air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops for dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, and curing the humid air to high-temperature layer tobacco leaves green-rib yellow slices;
1C, raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 44.0 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet pellets to 38.0 ℃, continuously operating the heat exchange device 7, sucking the dehumidified air into a preheating channel from an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a of the heat exchange device 7, preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, so that the air enters a tobacco flue-curing chamber 1a after being subjected to the preheating removal operation and is cured to low-temperature layer tobacco leaves, green ribs and yellow slices;
(2) withering period
2A, stabilizing the dry bulb temperature to 44.0 ℃, reducing the wet bulb temperature from 38.0 ℃ to 35 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/2h, then increasing the temperature to 36 ℃, stabilizing the temperature and humidity state, sucking dehumidified air into a preheating channel from an air port 7i at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell 7a of the heat exchange device 7, preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, enabling the air to enter a tobacco baking chamber 1a after the air is subjected to preheating removal, baking the air to slightly wither the tobacco leaves at the high temperature layer, and slightly withering the tobacco leaves at the high temperature layer until the tobacco leaves at the middle and low temperature layers lose water and collapse;
2B, raising the temperature of a dry bulb to 49.0 ℃ at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 38 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber 1a in an air duct 1h, pre-cooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, curing to a high-temperature layer tobacco leaf stem 1/4-1/3, fully withering a hooked tip curled edge of a low-temperature layer tobacco leaf, and whitening a main vein of a whole-furnace tobacco leaf;
(3) fixation period
3A, heating the dry bulb to 54.0 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 39 ℃, baking to 1/2-2/3 of high-temperature lamina tobacco leaf stems and 1/3-1/2 of low-temperature lamina tobacco leaf stems;
3B, raising the temperature of the dry tobacco balls to 63.0 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet tobacco balls to 40.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device 7, absorbing humid air discharged from the tobacco curing chamber 1a in the air duct 1h, precooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator 4a, condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator 4a to form liquid drops for dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber 1a after dehumidification operation, and curing until the color difference of the front and the back of the tobacco leaves is approximate;
(4) dry muscle period
Raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 68.0 ℃ at the temperature rise speed of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet pellets to 41.0 ℃, drying the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace, and finishing the baking.
The verification results are shown in table 2:
from table 2, it is known that: the double-power moisture removal tobacco curing and modulating process can overcome the difficulty in primary processing of more low-quality tobacco leaves and remarkably improve the tobacco leaf modulating quality.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a double dynamical roast room of inverter type flue-cured tobacco heat pump, includes flue-cured tobacco chamber (1 a), heating chamber (1 b), heat pump set (4), biomass fuel stove (2), its characterized in that, heating chamber (1 b) is airtight and adjacent with flue-cured tobacco chamber (1 a) and thermal-insulated wall (1 c) upper portion sets up air intake (1 d) and the lower part sets up return air inlet (1 e), just set up guide wall (1 f) to return air inlet (1 e) in heating chamber (1 b), set up separation wall (1 g) in the outside of guide wall (1 f), make form between guide wall (1 f) and thermal-insulated wall (1 c) ventiduct (1 h), form the installation space between guide wall (1 f) and separation wall (1 g), set up the vent of UNICOM ventiduct (1 h) and installation space on guide wall (1 f), just set up heat pump evaporator (4 a) of heat pump set up UNICOM (4) to the vent in the installation space, a heat exchange device (7) is arranged in an installation space above a heat pump evaporator (4 a), a flow guide fan (4 b) is arranged above the heat exchange device (7), a baffle plate (4 c) perpendicular to the flow guide wall (1 f) is arranged at the top of the flow guide wall (1 f), a flow guide switching valve (4 d) is arranged between the baffle plate (4 c) and a heat insulation wall (1 c), a heat pump condenser (4 e) of the heat pump unit (4) is arranged in the heating chamber (1 b) just opposite to an air inlet (1 d), a circulating fan (1 i) is arranged in the air inlet (1 d) behind the heat pump condenser (4 e), a biomass fuel furnace (2) and a control device (3) are arranged in the heating chamber (1 b) on any side of the heat pump unit (4), and the biomass fuel furnace (2), the heat pump evaporator (4 a), the flow guide fan (4 b), the flow guide switching valve, The heat pump condenser (4 e), the compressor (4 f) of the heat pump unit (4), the circulating fan (1 i) and the heat exchange device (7) are respectively provided with a variable frequency controller, the variable frequency controller is in signal connection with the control device (3), and the control device (3) is a PLC (programmable logic controller) or a PC (personal computer); the flue-cured tobacco curing device is characterized in that heating fins (5) are uniformly arranged on any one or each side wall of the flue-cured tobacco curing chamber (1 a) from bottom to top, the heating fins (5) are connected with heat collecting pipes (6), one ends of the heat collecting pipes (6) are arranged in an air duct (1 h), the other ends of the heat collecting pipes penetrate through a heat insulation wall (1 c) and extend into the flue-cured tobacco curing chamber (1 a), each heat collecting pipe (6) comprises a heat absorbing pipe (6 a), a heat storage medium (6 b), a heat exchange pipe (6 c) and a heat insulation pipe plug (6 d), one end of each heat absorbing pipe (6 a) is closed and arranged in the air duct (1 h), the other end of each heat exchanging pipe (6 c) is provided with an opening arranged in the flue-cured tobacco curing chamber (1 a), the heat storage medium (6 b) is filled in the heat absorbing pipe (6 a), the heat insulation pipe plug (6 d) is arranged at the opening of the heat, the other end is connected with a heating fin (5).
2. The dual-power curing barn with the variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump according to claim 1, wherein heating fins (5) are uniformly arranged on any one or each side wall of the curing chamber (1 a) from bottom to top, the heating fins (5) are connected with heat collecting pipes (6), the heat collecting pipes (6) are arranged at the top of the curing chamber (1 a), the heat collecting pipes (6) are arranged at an acute angle with the horizontal line, the heat collecting pipes (6) comprise heat absorbing pipes (6 a), heat storage media (6 b), heat exchange pipes (6 c) and heat preservation pipe plugs (6 d), one ends of the heat absorbing pipes (6 a) are closed, the other ends of the heat absorbing pipes are provided with openings, the heat storage media (6 b) are filled in the heat absorbing pipes (6 a), heat preservation pipe plugs (6 d) are arranged at the openings of the heat exchange pipes (6 c), one ends of the heat exchange pipes (6 c) pass through the heat preservation pipe plugs (6 d) and are coaxially arranged, the other end of the heating tube penetrates into the tobacco flue-curing chamber (1 a) downwards to be connected with a heating fin (5).
3. The dual-power curing barn with the variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat absorption pipe (6 a) is a double-layer hollow pipe, a heat absorption coating is coated on the inner pipe wall of the heat absorption pipe (6 a), and the heat absorption pipe (6 a) is vacuumized; the heat exchange tube (6 c) is of a closed elliptical circulating tube structure, a heat exchange medium is filled in the heat exchange tube (6 c), and a control valve is arranged between the heat exchange tube (6 c) and the heating fin (5); and a heat insulation layer is wrapped outside the heat exchange tube (6 c) between the heat absorption tube (6 a) and the heating fin (5).
4. The variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power curing barn according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange device (7) comprises two hexagonal shells (7 a) arranged in parallel, a guide plate (7 b), a pre-cooling heat pipe heat exchanger (7 c), a pre-heating heat pipe heat exchanger (7 d), a heat insulation block (7 e), a movable base (7 f), a movable base guide rail (7 g) and a heating block (7 h), a plurality of guide plates (7 b) are sequentially arranged in the hexagonal shells (7 a) at equal intervals from top to bottom, adjacent guide plates (7 b) are arranged in a staggered manner, the guide plates (7 b) divide the hexagonal shells (7 a) into serpentine airflow channels, the top and the bottom of each hexagonal shell (7 a) are respectively provided with an air port (7 i), and the serpentine airflow channel of one hexagonal shell (7 a) is the pre-cooling channel, the snakelike airflow channel of the other hexagonal shell (7 a) is a preheating channel, the airflow direction firstly passes through the precooling channel of the hexagonal shell (7 a) and then passes through the preheating channel of the hexagonal shell (7 a), the precooling heat pipe heat exchanger (7 c) is horizontal, the evaporation section is arranged in the precooling channel, the heat insulation section and the condensation section pass through the baking room (1) and are positioned outside the baking room (1), the preheating heat pipe heat exchanger (7 d) is horizontal, the condensation section is arranged in the preheating channel, the heat insulation section and the evaporation section pass through the baking room (1) and are positioned outside the baking room (1), the heat insulation block (7 e) and the precooling heat pipe heat exchanger (7 c) are oppositely arranged, the surface of the heat insulation block (7 e) opposite to the precooling heat pipe heat exchanger (7 c) is provided with heat insulation holes corresponding to the precooling heat pipe heat exchanger (7 c) one by one, the movable base (7 f) is arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation block (7 e), remove base guide rail (7 g) locate and remove base (7 f) bottom, and remove base (7 f) and remove base guide rail (7 g) sliding fit, heating block (7 h) and the one side relative of preheating heat pipe exchanger (7 d) be equipped with the heating hole of preheating heat pipe exchanger (7 d) one-to-one, and preheat the evaporation zone of heat pipe exchanger (7 d) and locate in the heating hole.
5. The dual-power curing barn with the variable frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump according to claim 4, wherein a horizontal driving cylinder (7 j) is arranged on the side surface of the heat insulation block (7 e), the heating block (7 h) is made of heat-insulating materials, and an electric heating element is arranged in the heating hole; the pre-cooling and heating pipe heat exchanger (7 c) is provided with a pre-cooling working medium; the preheating heat pipe heat exchanger (7 d) is provided with a preheating working medium.
6. The baking modulation process of the variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power curing barn based on the claim 1, which comprises a yellowing stage, a withering stage, a color fixing stage and a tendon drying stage, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of
(1) Yellowing stage
1A, after tobacco leaves are put into a curing barn and ignited, the dry bulb temperature is increased to 37.0-38.0 ℃ from the room temperature at the synchronous temperature rise speed of 2.0 ℃/h, the wet bulb temperature is increased to 36.0-37.0 ℃, then a heat exchange device (7) operates to absorb humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber (1A) in an air duct (1 h), the humid air is pre-cooled and discharged to a heat pump evaporator (4 a), the humid air is condensed on the surface of the heat pump evaporator (4 a) to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, the humid air enters the tobacco curing chamber (1A) after dehumidification operation, and the tobacco leaves on a high-temperature layer become yellow for 6-8 cm;
1B, adjusting firepower, continuously heating the tobacco leaves obtained by baking in the step 1a at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, heating the dry bulb to 38.0-40.0 ℃, heating the wet bulb to 37.0-38.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device (7), absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco baking chamber (1 a) in an air duct (1 h), pre-cooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator (4 a), condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator (4 a) to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco baking chamber (1 a) after dehumidification operation, and baking the tobacco leaves at a high-temperature layer, namely green-rib yellow slices;
1C, adjusting firepower, raising the temperature of a stable wet ball to 38.0 ℃, raising the temperature of a dry ball to 42.0-44.0 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of 1.0 ℃/h, continuously operating a heat exchange device (7), sucking dehumidified air into a preheating channel from an air port (7 i) at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell (7 a) of the heat exchange device (7), preheating the air, discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator (4 a), preheating the air, then entering a tobacco flue-curing chamber (1 a), and curing the air to low-temperature layer tobacco leaves, namely green-rib yellow slices;
(2) withering period
2A, adjusting firepower, stabilizing the dry-bulb temperature to 42.0-44.0 ℃, reducing the wet-bulb temperature from 38.0 ℃ to 35-36 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/2h, continuously operating the heat exchange device (7), sucking the dehumidified air into a preheating channel through an air port (7 i) at the bottom of the other hexagonal shell (7 a) of the heat exchange device (7), preheating the air and discharging the air to a heat pump evaporator (4 a), preheating the air, then entering a tobacco baking chamber (1 a), baking until the tobacco leaves on the high-temperature layer slightly wither and collapse due to water loss;
2B, adjusting the firepower, raising the temperature of the dry tobacco to 48.0-49.0 ℃ at a synchronous heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet tobacco to 37.0-38 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device (7), absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco baking chamber (1 a) in an air duct (1 h), pre-cooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator (4 a), condensing the humid air on the surface of the heat pump evaporator (4 a) to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco baking chamber (1 a) after dehumidification operation, baking the humid air to a high-temperature layer tobacco leaf stem 1/4-1/3, fully withering the hook tip curled edge of the low-temperature layer tobacco leaf, and whitening the main pulse of the whole-furnace tobacco leaf;
(3) fixation period
3A, adjusting the fire power, increasing the temperature of a dry bulb to 53.0-54.0 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, keeping, adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to 38.0-39 ℃, keeping, baking to 1/2-2/3 of high-temperature layer tobacco leaf stems and 1/3-1/2 of low-temperature layer tobacco leaf stems, and realizing tobacco leaf baking fragrance;
3B, adjusting the firepower, raising the temperature of the dry tobacco balls to 62.0-63.0 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet tobacco balls to 39.0-40.0 ℃, then operating a heat exchange device (7), absorbing humid air discharged from a tobacco curing chamber (1 a) in an air duct (1 h), pre-cooling the humid air and discharging the humid air to a heat pump evaporator (4 a), wherein the humid air is condensed on the surface of the heat pump evaporator (4 a) to form liquid drops to realize dehumidification, enabling the humid air to enter the tobacco curing chamber (1 a) after dehumidification operation, and curing the tobacco until the color difference of the front and the back of the tobacco is approximate;
(4) a muscle drying period; and (3) raising the temperature of the dry pellets to 67.0-68.0 ℃ at a temperature rise speed of 1.0 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of the wet pellets to 40.0-41.0 ℃, drying the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace, and finishing the baking.
7. The baking preparation process according to claim 6, wherein the steps 1A and 1B of step (1), 2B of step (2) and 3B of step (3) are temperature raising and humidity removing; and (3) preheating and temperature control are carried out in the step (1) 1C and the step (2) 2A, namely the temperature of the stable dry ball and the temperature of the dehumidifying ball are obtained.
8. The baking preparation process of claim 6, wherein the low-speed circulating fans are used in steps 1A and 1B of step (1) and step 2B of step (2), and the air volume is not more than 14500m3H, the pressure is less than 170 pa; high-speed circulating fans are used in the step 1C of the step (1) and the step 2A of the step (2), and the air quantity is not less than 21500m3The pressure is greater than 200 pa.
9. The process of claim 6, wherein the hot lamina is a cold lamina for a spatial region of the downdraft hothouse fingers 1m from the ceiling of the hothouse and for a spatial region of the updraft hothouse fingers 1m from the floor of the hothouse relative to the remaining spatial region.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811447379.5A CN109222196B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Variable-frequency flue-cured tobacco heat pump dual-power curing barn and curing modulation process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN109330010B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-04-16 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Double dynamical roast room of inverter type flue-cured tobacco heat pump |
| CN109984364A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-09 | 贺显银 | A kind of province's coal province TV university barn |
| CN110108098B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2024-04-05 | 河南农业大学 | Multi-purpose heat pump curing barn |
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| CN111713729A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-09-29 | 三明市鸿达智能农业设备有限公司 | Tobacco leaf baking device |
| CN112155243B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-09-27 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Baking method capable of improving tobacco leaf smoking quality based on heat pump baking dehumidification system |
| CN112315013B (en) * | 2020-11-15 | 2022-10-21 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Tobacco leaf modulation method for preset power failure emergency treatment of air source heat pump tobacco curing house |
| CN112833579B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-05-03 | 郑州大学 | Multi-mode heat pump tobacco curing system and control method thereof |
| CN113383980B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-11-22 | 湖南美瑞科技有限公司 | Material baking temperature control method based on combustor, combustor and readable storage medium |
| CN115153078B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-03-31 | 佳木斯大学 | Intelligent tobacco drying device |
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| CN201624135U (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-11-10 | 云南省建筑科学研究院 | Tobacco flue-curing house with solar energy heating and energy-storing system |
| CN102920000B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-07-01 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco leaf modulation technology for increasing proportion of saffron yellow tobacco leaves |
| CN103829363B (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-08-12 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of flue-cured bulk curing barn cigarette that falls apart piles up the slow baking curing process of low humidity |
| CN108477660B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2023-08-29 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Intelligent double-power tobacco curing barn |
| CN109330010B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-04-16 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Double dynamical roast room of inverter type flue-cured tobacco heat pump |
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