CN114532351A - Sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114532351A CN114532351A CN202210182320.8A CN202210182320A CN114532351A CN 114532351 A CN114532351 A CN 114532351A CN 202210182320 A CN202210182320 A CN 202210182320A CN 114532351 A CN114532351 A CN 114532351A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/34—Nitriles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of seed coating, and relates to a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent which comprises an agent A and an agent B; the agent A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of chitosan, 6-11 parts of humic acid, 4-6 parts of urea, 4-6 parts of corn straw, 4-6 parts of gibberellin, 5-8 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-1 part of water-retaining agent, 3-5 parts of bactericide, 1-3 parts of insecticide and 5-8 parts of film-forming agent; the agent B is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 0.5-1 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5-1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.5-1 part of magnesium sulfate and 1-2 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid. Chitosan and sodium polyphosphate are two natural polymer materials which respectively have positive charges and negative charges, are non-toxic, have good biocompatibility and are biodegradable, and the prepared seed coating film has good film forming property and ductility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seed coating, in particular to a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The seed coating, also called film coating, is a new seed treatment technology, and it uses colloid stabilizing principle and high molecular polymer film-forming principle to coat a layer of seed coating agent which is quite thin, uniform in thickness, permeable to water and air, but nontoxic to plant on the surface of seed. The main components of the seed coating agent are chemical substances such as insecticide, bactericide, trace element fertilizer, hormone, film forming agent, surfactant, suspending agent, antifreeze agent, preservative, acidity regulator, warning pigment and the like, so the seed coating agent is also called as chemical coating of seeds.
In recent years, seed coating becomes one of economic, simple and effective measures for preventing and treating seedling diseases and insect pests. Coating of seeds with seed coatings results in a variation in seed vigor, with different seed coatings having different effects on seed vigor. The bactericidal action is one of the main actions of the seed coating agent and is an important factor of the seed coating agent for influencing the seed activity. On one hand, the sterilization function of the seed coating agent plays a role in protection and prevents the invasion of pathogenic bacteria; on the other hand, the method forms high-activity seeds to strengthen and resist diseases and the influence of external bad weather environment. However, some seed coating liquid medicines in the current market have mixed effective components, poor safety and weak control effect on soil insects and pathogenic bacteria, thereby influencing the seed vigor. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a seed coating agent with wide sterilization spectrum, high sterilization rate and stable effective components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent and a preparation method and application thereof, and solves the problems of mixed effective components, poor safety and weak control effect on soil insects and pathogenic bacteria.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent comprises an agent A and an agent B;
the agent A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of chitosan, 6-11 parts of humic acid, 4-6 parts of urea, 4-6 parts of corn straw, 4-6 parts of gibberellin, 5-8 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-1 part of water-retaining agent, 3-5 parts of bactericide, 1-3 parts of insecticide and 5-8 parts of film-forming agent;
the agent B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 0.5-1 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5-1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.5-1 part of magnesium sulfate and 1-2 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
Further, the cross-linking agent is sodium trimetaphosphate, di-tert-butyl peroxide or glyoxal;
the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate;
the bactericide is fenaminosulf, shijunqing or carbendazim;
the pesticide is carbofuran, imidacloprid or thiamethoxam.
Further, the film forming agent adopts alcohol ester dodeca, polyvinyl alcohol or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, wherein an agent A is prepared by the following processes:
1) preparing a shell humic acid solution; dissolving humic acid in a strong base solution to obtain a humate solution;
2) adding urea and corn straws into the humate solution, and stirring and mixing at 35-40 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
3) adding chitosan solution into the mixed solution, adding cross-linking agent, water-retaining agent, bactericide, pesticide and film-forming agent, heating at 55-60 deg.C, and stirring to obtain agent A;
the agent B is prepared by the following processes:
dissolving sodium polyphosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid in deionized water, stirring and reacting for 10-20min at the speed of 200-500r/min, and then stirring and reacting for 30-60min at the speed of 50-100r/min to obtain the agent B.
Further, the preparation process of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps:
dissolving 8-15 parts of chitosan in dilute acetic acid, then placing the solution in a water bath constant temperature oscillator, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to make bubbles in the chitosan disappear to obtain a chitosan solution, and storing the chitosan solution at low temperature for later use.
Further, the concentration of dilute acetic acid is 1%, the temperature of the water bath constant temperature oscillator is 60-65 ℃, and the preservation temperature is 4-6 ℃.
Further, in the step 1), the concentration of the strong alkali is 11-13.
Further, in the step 2), the stirring time is 15-25 min;
in the step 4), the stirring time is 0.5-1 h.
The invention also discloses the application of the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, when in use, the agent A is firstly sprayed on the surface of seeds, the agent B is sprayed after 5-10min, and then the seeds are naturally dried to form a drug film on the seeds.
The invention also discloses a seed with the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, wherein the seed is coated with an inner layer medicinal film and an outer layer medicinal film, the inner layer medicinal film is formed by the agent A, and the outer layer medicinal film is formed by the agent B.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention discloses a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, which takes chitosan, sodium polyphosphate, humic acid, urea and the like as main raw materials, wherein the chitosan and the sodium polyphosphate are two natural high molecular materials which respectively have positive charges and negative charges, are nontoxic, have good biocompatibility and are biodegradable. Because the chitosan molecule contains a large amount of-NH2Protonating in acid solution to form
And dissolves, and the multiple negative electricity groups on the sodium polyphosphate molecule
Can be combined with a large amount of chitosan molecules
Forming intramolecular and intermolecular crosslinks. Compared with common inhibitors, chitosan has the advantages of wide antibacterial spectrum, high sterilization rate, no side effect and the like in the aspect of antibacterial performance, chitosan with different molecular weights has different antibacterial performance, and chitosan with the same molecular weight has higher antibacterial performance after being subjected to ion crosslinking. Sodium polyphosphate is a polymeric phosphate which is different from a general organic high molecular polymer in that the branched structure is not formed by simple covalent bond connection but is formed by simple covalent bond connection
Ionic connection, which has excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity and the like and is controllable to a certain extent; humic acid can increase the absorption of seeds to water and nutrient substances in soil, and in addition, the humic acid has acidic groups inside, which is beneficial to improving the pH value in soil, and meanwhile, the humic acid can change the growth environment of seeds and further can enhance the stress resistance of the seeds; the urea is used as a neutral fertilizer, is suitable for various soils and plants, is easy to store and convenient to use, has small destructive effect on the soil, can promote the division and growth of cells, prevents insect pests and the like.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, which accords with the green chemical concept, uses safe and nontoxic raw materials, and reduces the harm to human health and environment in the chemical industrial production process. In addition, the method prepares the polymer film by the cross-linking reaction of the sodium polyphosphate and the chitosan, and then wraps the seeds by the prepared film, so the reaction mechanism is simple and the operation is simple and convenient. When the agent B is prepared, the rapid stirring is performed to disperse the substance into the aqueous solution instantly, rapidly and uniformly so as to avoid the phenomenon that the substance is dispersed unevenly to cause over-high local concentration, and the slow stirring is performed to stabilize the substance of the system without damaging the molecular structure. The prepared seed coating film has good film forming property and ductility, can improve the sterilization performance, form high-activity seeds, enhance the resistance to diseases and the influence of external adverse climatic environment, and is beneficial to seed germination. Compared with the prior seed coating, the seed coating has the characteristics of promoting seed germination, improving germination rate and the like, and also has the characteristics of resisting and inhibiting bacteria, reducing diseases and pests, protecting environment, preventing water and nutrient loss and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent which consists of an agent A and an agent B, wherein the agent A is sprayed on the surface of mulberry seeds when in use, and the agent B is sprayed after waiting for 5-10min, so that a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic medicinal film can be obtained.
The agent A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of chitosan, 6-11 parts of humic acid, 4-6 parts of urea, 4-6 parts of corn straw, 4-6 parts of gibberellin, 5-8 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-1 part of water-retaining agent, 3-5 parts of bactericide, 1-3 parts of insecticide and 5-8 parts of film-forming agent;
the agent B consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 0.5-1 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5-1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.5-1 part of magnesium sulfate and 1-2 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, which comprises the following steps:
the agent A is prepared by the following processes:
1) dissolving 8-15 parts of chitosan in 1% dilute acetic acid, placing in a water bath constant temperature oscillator at 60-65 ℃, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to make bubbles in the chitosan disappear, and storing at 4-6 ℃ for later use to obtain a chitosan solution.
2) Dissolving 6-11 parts of humic acid in strong base solution with pH of 11-13 to obtain the humate solution.
3) Adding 4-6 parts of urea and 4-6 parts of corn straw into the salt solution prepared in the step 2), and stirring and mixing for 15-25min at 38-41 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution.
4) Adding the chitosan solution prepared in the step 1) into the mixed solution in the step 3), adding the cross-linking agent, the water-retaining agent, the bactericide, the insecticide and the film-forming agent into the mixed solution, putting the mixture into a reaction kettle, heating the mixture at 56-58 ℃ and stirring the mixture for 0.5-1h to obtain the agent A. Wherein, the cross-linking agent is 5 to 8 portions, the water retention agent is 0.5 to 1 portion, the bactericide is 3 to 5 portions, the insecticide is 1 to 3 portions, and the film forming agent is 5 to 8 portions.
Specifically, the crosslinking agent is sodium trimetaphosphate, di-tert-butyl peroxide or glyoxal.
The water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate.
The bactericide is fenaminosulf, shijunqing or carbendazim.
The pesticide is carbendazim, carbofuran, imidacloprid or thiamethoxam.
The film forming agent is alcohol ester dodeca, polyvinyl alcohol or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
The agent B is prepared by the following processes:
dissolving sodium polyphosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid in deionized water, stirring and reacting for 10-20min at the speed of 200-500r/min, and then stirring and reacting for 30-60min at the speed of 50-100r/min to obtain the agent B.
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
Example 1
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, wherein an agent A is prepared by the following processes:
1) dissolving 8 parts of chitosan in 1% dilute acetic acid, placing the solution in a water bath constant-temperature oscillator at 62 ℃, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to make bubbles in the chitosan disappear, and storing the solution at 4 ℃ for later use to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) dissolving 6 parts of humic acid in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 11 to obtain a humate solution;
3) adding 4 parts of urea and 4 parts of corn straws into the salt solution prepared in the step 2), and stirring and mixing for 15min at 38 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
4) adding the chitosan solution prepared in the step 1) into the mixed solution in the step 3), adding 5 parts of sodium trimetaphosphate, 0.5 part of potassium polyacrylate, 3 parts of fenaminosulf, 1 part of carbendazim and 5 parts of alcohol ester dodeca into the mixed solution, putting the mixture into a reaction kettle, heating at 56 ℃ and stirring for 0.5h to obtain an agent A;
the agent B is prepared by the following processes:
dissolving 4 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 0.5 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate and 1 part of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid in deionized water, stirring and reacting at 200r/min for 10min, and then stirring and reacting at 50 r/min.
When in use, the agent A is sprayed on the surface of mulberry seeds, the agent B is sprayed after 5min, and then the mulberry seeds are naturally dried.
Example 2
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, wherein an agent A is prepared by the following processes:
1) dissolving 15 parts of chitosan in 1% dilute acetic acid, then placing the solution in a water bath constant-temperature oscillator at 62 ℃, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to make bubbles in the chitosan disappear, and storing the solution at 4 ℃ for later use to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) dissolving 11 parts of humic acid in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 13 to obtain a humate solution;
3) adding 6 parts of urea and 6 parts of corn straw into the salt solution prepared in the step 2), and stirring and mixing for 25min at 41 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
4) adding the chitosan solution prepared in the step 1) into the mixed solution in the step 3), adding 8 parts of di-tert-butyl peroxide, 1 part of polyacrylamide, 5 parts of Shijunqing, 3 parts of carbofuran and 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, putting into a reaction kettle, heating at 55 ℃ and stirring for 1h to obtain an agent A;
the agent B is prepared by the following processes:
6 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 1 part of potassium nitrate, 1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate and 2 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid are dissolved in deionized water, and are stirred and reacted for 20min at the speed of 500r/min and then for 60min at the speed of 100r/min, so that the agent B can be obtained.
When in use, the agent A is sprayed on the surface of mulberry seeds, the agent B is sprayed after 10min, and then the mulberry seeds are naturally dried.
Example 3
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, wherein an agent A is prepared by the following processes:
1) dissolving 9 parts of chitosan in 1% dilute acetic acid, placing the solution in a water bath constant-temperature oscillator at 62 ℃, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to make bubbles in the chitosan disappear, and storing the solution at 4 ℃ for later use to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) dissolving 7 parts of humic acid in a potassium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 12 to obtain a humate solution;
3) adding 5 parts of urea and 5 parts of corn straw into the salt solution prepared in the step 2), and stirring and mixing for 16min at 40 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
4) adding the chitosan solution prepared in the step 1) into the mixed solution in the step 3), adding 6 parts of glyoxal, 0.6 part of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of carbendazim, 2 parts of thiamethoxam and 6 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixed solution, then putting the mixture into a reaction kettle, heating at 57 ℃ and stirring for 0.5h to obtain an agent A;
the agent B is prepared by the following processes:
dissolving 5 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 0.6 part of potassium nitrate, 1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate and 2 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid in deionized water, stirring and reacting at 500r/min for 20min, and then stirring and reacting at 100r/min for 60min to obtain the agent B.
When in use, the agent A is sprayed on the surface of mulberry seeds, the agent B is sprayed after 6min, and then the mulberry seeds are naturally dried.
Example 4
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, wherein an agent A is prepared by the following processes:
1) dissolving 10 parts of chitosan in dilute acetic acid with the concentration of 1%, then placing the solution in a water bath constant-temperature oscillator at 62 ℃, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to enable bubbles in the chitosan to disappear, and storing the solution at 4 ℃ for later use to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) dissolving 8 parts of humic acid in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 11 to obtain a humate solution;
3) adding 5 parts of urea and 4 parts of corn straw into the salt solution prepared in the step 2), and stirring and mixing for 15min at 40 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
4) adding the chitosan solution prepared in the step 1) into the mixed solution in the step 3), adding 7 parts of sodium trimetaphosphate, 0.7 part of potassium polyacrylate, 5 parts of fenaminosulf, 2 parts of carbendazim and 7 parts of alcohol ester dodeca, putting into a reaction kettle, heating at 55 ℃ and stirring for 1h to obtain an agent A;
the agent B is prepared by the following processes:
dissolving 6 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 1 part of potassium nitrate, 1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of calcium nitrate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate and 1 part of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid in deionized water, stirring and reacting at 500r/min for 20min, and then stirring and reacting at 100r/min for 60min to obtain the agent B.
When in use, the agent A is sprayed on the surface of mulberry seeds, the agent B is sprayed immediately after 8min, and then the mulberry seeds are naturally dried.
Example 5
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent, wherein an agent A is prepared by the following processes:
1) dissolving 10 parts of chitosan in 1% dilute acetic acid, placing the solution in a water bath constant-temperature oscillator at 62 ℃, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to make bubbles in the chitosan disappear, and storing the solution at 4 ℃ for later use to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) dissolving 9 parts of humic acid in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 13 to obtain a humate solution;
3) adding 6 parts of urea and 6 parts of corn straw into the salt solution prepared in the step 2), and stirring and mixing for 18min at 45 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
4) adding the chitosan solution prepared in the step 1) into the mixed solution in the step 3), adding 8 parts of di-tert-butyl peroxide, 0.5 part of polyacrylamide, 4 parts of fenaminosulf, 1 part of carbofuran and 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, putting into a reaction kettle, heating at 60 ℃ and stirring for 0.5h to obtain an agent A;
the agent B is prepared by the following processes:
dissolving 4 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 1 part of potassium nitrate, 1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of calcium nitrate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate and 1 part of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid in deionized water, stirring and reacting at 500r/min for 20min, and then stirring and reacting at 100r/min for 60min to obtain the agent B. When in use, the agent A is sprayed on the surface of mulberry seeds, the agent B is sprayed immediately after 8min, and then the mulberry seeds are naturally dried.
Example 6
1) Dissolving 12 parts of chitosan in 1% dilute acetic acid, placing the solution in a water bath constant-temperature oscillator at 62 ℃, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to make bubbles in the chitosan disappear, and storing the solution at 4 ℃ for later use to obtain a chitosan solution;
2) dissolving 10 parts of humic acid in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 12 to obtain a humate solution;
3) adding 5 parts of urea and 6 parts of corn straw into the salt solution prepared in the step 2), and stirring and mixing for 20min at 40 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
4) adding the chitosan solution prepared in the step 1) into the mixed solution in the step 3), adding 7 parts of glyoxal, 0.8 part of sodium polyacrylate, 4 parts of Shijunqing, 2 parts of imidacloprid and 7 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixed solution, then putting the mixed solution into a reaction kettle, heating at 57 ℃ and stirring for 1 hour to obtain an agent A;
the agent B is prepared by the following processes:
5 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 0.6 part of potassium nitrate, 1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate and 2 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid are dissolved in deionized water, and are stirred and reacted at 500r/min for 20min and then at 100r/min for 60min to obtain the agent B.
When in use, the agent A is sprayed on the surface of mulberry seeds, the agent B is sprayed after 9min, and then the mulberry seeds are naturally dried.
In order to represent the coating effect of the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan mulberry seeds, the mulberry seeds treated by the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based mulberry seed bacteriostatic medical film are taken as an experimental group, and the mulberry seeds are soaked in distilled water to be taken as a control group. 100 samples of each sample are placed in a culture dish with absorbent paper inside, the absorbent paper is kept moist, the samples are cultured for 20 days at the room temperature of 25 ℃, and the emergence rate and the seedling vigor of mulberry seeds treated by the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based mulberry seed antibacterial drug film are sampled and tested.
The amounts of the experimental groups used were as described in this example, and the control groups were cultured under the conventional control. The results of the specific experiments are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Effect of sodium polyphosphate/Chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent on Mulberry seed swelling potential
| Sample (I) | Germination rate | Rate of emergence/%) | Root length/cm |
| Example 1 | 80.83 | 72.67 | 5.90 |
| Example 2 | 80.36 | 72.59 | 5.83 |
| Example 3 | 80.74 | 72.63 | 5.86 |
| Example 4 | 80.27 | 72.47 | 5.79 |
| Example 5 | 80.13 | 72.38 | 5.64 |
| Example 6 | 80.06 | 72.35 | 5.43 |
| Control group | 67.01 | 55.66 | 4.02 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the rate of emergence and the germination rate of mulberry seeds treated with the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent are both improved by about 20% compared with those of the control group, and the root length is also increased, thus demonstrating that the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent of the present invention can promote seed germination and stimulate the growth and development of crop root systems.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent is characterized in that: comprises an agent A and an agent B;
the agent A consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of chitosan, 6-11 parts of humic acid, 4-6 parts of urea, 4-6 parts of corn straw, 4-6 parts of gibberellin, 5-8 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-1 part of water-retaining agent, 3-5 parts of bactericide, 1-3 parts of insecticide and 5-8 parts of film-forming agent;
the agent B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of sodium polyphosphate, 0.5-1 part of potassium nitrate, 0.5-1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.5-1 part of magnesium sulfate and 1-2 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
2. The sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent according to claim 1, wherein: the cross-linking agent is sodium trimetaphosphate, di-tert-butyl peroxide or glyoxal;
the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate;
the bactericide is fenaminosulf, shijunqing or carbendazim;
the pesticide is carbofuran, imidacloprid or thiamethoxam.
3. The sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent according to claim 1, wherein: the film forming agent is alcohol ester dodeca, polyvinyl alcohol or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
4. A method for preparing the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the agent a is prepared by the following process:
1) preparing a shell humic acid solution; dissolving humic acid in a strong base solution to obtain a humate solution;
2) adding urea and corn straws into the humate solution, and stirring and mixing at 35-40 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
3) adding chitosan solution into the mixed solution, adding cross-linking agent, water-retaining agent, bactericide, pesticide and film-forming agent, heating at 55-60 deg.C, and stirring to obtain agent A;
the agent B is prepared by the following processes:
dissolving sodium polyphosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid in deionized water, stirring and reacting for 10-20min at the speed of 200-500r/min, and then stirring and reacting for 30-60min at the speed of 50-100r/min to obtain the agent B.
5. The method for preparing sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent according to claim 4, wherein: the preparation process of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps:
dissolving 8-15 parts of chitosan in dilute acetic acid, placing the solution in a water bath constant temperature oscillator, continuously oscillating until the chitosan is completely dissolved, standing for a period of time to make bubbles in the chitosan disappear to obtain a chitosan solution, and storing the chitosan solution at low temperature for later use.
6. The method for preparing sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent according to claim 5, wherein: the concentration of dilute acetic acid is 1%, the temperature of the water bath constant temperature oscillator is 60-65 ℃, and the preservation temperature is 4-6 ℃.
7. The method for preparing sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 1), the concentration of the strong base is 11-13.
8. The method for preparing sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 2), the stirring time is 15-25 min;
in the step 4), the stirring time is 0.5-1 h.
9. The use of sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: when in use, the agent A is sprayed on the surface of seeds, the agent B is sprayed after 5-10min, and then the seeds are naturally dried to form a medicine film on the seeds.
10. A seed with the sodium polyphosphate/chitosan-based seed bacteriostatic agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the seed is coated with an inner drug film and an outer drug film, the inner drug film is formed by the agent A, and the outer drug film is formed by the agent B.
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