CN114532263A - Full-automatic shellfish culture device and method - Google Patents
Full-automatic shellfish culture device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114532263A CN114532263A CN202210041788.5A CN202210041788A CN114532263A CN 114532263 A CN114532263 A CN 114532263A CN 202210041788 A CN202210041788 A CN 202210041788A CN 114532263 A CN114532263 A CN 114532263A
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- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 359
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229930002868 chlorophyll a Natural products 0.000 claims description 24
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 7
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic shellfish culture device and a method, which are provided with a water supply system, a circulating culture system, an auxiliary system and a control system, and can realize the automatic indoor culture of shellfish; when each water quality parameter detected by the water quality detection device is within the corresponding qualified water quality range, the aquaculture seawater continuously circularly flows in the circular aquaculture system and is filtered, thermostated and sterilized in the circulating process, so that the aquaculture seawater in the shellfish aquaculture barrel can be kept in a clean qualified state with stable water quality parameters for a long time, the influence of aquaculture seawater quality change on aquaculture of shellfish is reduced to the maximum extent, and the water change frequency of the circular aquaculture system can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to shellfish indoor culture equipment, in particular to a full-automatic shellfish culture device and method.
Background
In the shellfish indoor culture process, the change of water quality parameters such as the rising of ammonia nitrogen in a culture system is one of the main reasons for death of shellfish. And a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be invested in frequent manual water changing and bait feeding.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a full-automatic shellfish culture device, which solves the problem that a large amount of manpower and material resources are needed to be invested in frequent manual water changing and bait feeding.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a full-automatic shellfish culture device, characterized by comprising: the system comprises a water supply system, a circulating culture system, an auxiliary system and a control system;
referring to fig. 3, the circulating culture system is provided with a balance water tank, a water outlet of the balance water tank is connected with an inlet of a water inlet pipe sequentially through a culture system circulating pump and a sterilization filtering device, the water inlet pipe is provided with at least one outlet, each outlet of the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet pipe electromagnetic valve and is communicated with a shellfish culture barrel, and the bottom of each shellfish culture barrel is connected with a water return port of the balance water tank sequentially through a water outlet pipe, a first-stage coarse filtering device, a culture system constant temperature machine, a second-stage coarse filtering device and a water return pipe; the water quality detection device capable of monitoring water quality parameters including but not limited to salinity, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen content and the like on line is placed in the balance water cylinder, the bottom surface of the balance water cylinder is connected with a drain pipe provided with a drain pipe electromagnetic valve, an ultraviolet lamp tube for performing ultraviolet light sterilization on a water body and small-aperture filter cotton for performing filtration of phytoplankton on the water body are arranged in the sterilization filter device, a shellfish hanging culture net for hanging and culturing shellfish is movably arranged in the shellfish culture barrel, large-aperture filter cotton for filtering particulate impurities such as shellfish excrement and the like on the water body is arranged in the primary coarse filter device, and activated carbon and zeolite for further filtering and purifying the water body are filled in the secondary coarse filter device;
the balance water cylinder is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic; a main electromagnetic valve can be additionally arranged between the circulating pump of the culture system and the sterilizing and filtering device so as to uniformly control water injection to all the shellfish culture barrels; the sterilizing and filtering device is provided with a bin door which can be opened and closed so as to facilitate the replacement of the ultraviolet lamp tube and the small-aperture filter cotton; the aperture of the small-aperture filter cotton is preferably between 30um and 200um, and can be selected according to actual needs, and the filter cotton cannot be completely filtered due to different sizes of the zooplankton, and only needs to achieve the effect of filtering most zooplankton; the water inlet pipe is preferably made of PVC material; the shellfish culture barrel is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the size of the shellfish culture barrel can be customized according to actual needs.
The water supply system can supply culture seawater to the balance water tank through a water replenishing pipe, and the water replenishing pipe is provided with a water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve;
the auxiliary system can provide bait, illumination and oxygen required by shellfish culture for each shellfish culture bucket;
the control system can receive the monitoring result of the water quality detection device in real time and can respectively control the working states of the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve, the breeding system circulating pump, the water inlet pipe electromagnetic valve, the breeding system constant temperature machine, the water discharge pipe electromagnetic valve and the auxiliary system.
Preferably: the shell fish breeding barrel is internally provided with the biochemical balls which are positioned above the shell fish hanging and breeding net and can float on the water surface, so that the biochemical balls are utilized to promote the growth of nitrobacteria in the water body, reduce ammonia nitrogen in the water body in the shell fish breeding barrel, balance the water quality and be more beneficial to the growth of shell fish.
Preferably: the bottom of the shellfish culture barrel is conical with a large upper part and a small lower part, so that shellfish excrement or residual bait can be precipitated and collected through the conical bottom.
Preferably: the shellfish hanging and breeding net is hung at the edge of the shellfish breeding barrel through the hook, so that the shellfish hanging and breeding net can be conveniently and directly lifted out of the shellfish breeding barrel when shellfish needs to be collected.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: as shown in fig. 2, the water supply system comprises a water storage tank for storing the culture seawater, water purifying fillers such as zeolite are placed in the water storage tank, a water outlet of the water storage tank is connected with an inlet of a circulating pump of the water supply system, an outlet of the circulating pump of the water supply system is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the water replenishing pipe, the other path is connected with a water return port of the water storage tank through a water circulating pipe, and the water circulating pipe is provided with a water supply system thermostat and a water supply system electromagnetic valve.
Therefore, under the daily state that the water supply system does not need to supplement the aquaculture seawater to the balance water tank through a water changing program, the water supplementing pipe electromagnetic valve is kept closed, and the water supply system electromagnetic valve is kept opened, so that the aquaculture seawater in the water storage tank circularly flows along the water circulating pipe, the water supply system thermostat and the path of the water storage tank under the driving of the water supply system circulating pump, the water temperature of the aquaculture seawater is kept stable by using the water supply system thermostat, and the dissolved oxygen and the cleanliness of the aquaculture seawater are kept by using the water quality purification filler; therefore, when the water supply system needs to supplement the aquaculture seawater to the balance water tank through a water changing program, the water supply system can immediately supply the aquaculture seawater with qualified water quality to the balance water tank through the water supplementing pipe by closing the electromagnetic valve of the water supply system and opening the electromagnetic valve of the water supplementing pipe.
The water storage tank is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastics; the water circulating pipe is preferably made of PVC plastic.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: as shown in fig. 4, the auxiliary system includes a shellfish bait storage device for storing shellfish liquid bait (such as concentrated algae liquid), the shellfish bait storage device is fixed above the shellfish culture bucket, each shellfish culture bucket is provided with a feeding pipeline provided with a feeding electromagnetic valve, and a discharge port of the shellfish bait storage device is connected with each feeding pipeline through a feeding main pipe. The shellfish bait storage device can preferably control the temperature of shellfish liquid bait. The control system can control the feeding electromagnetic valves to realize the automatic feeding of baits of the shellfish culture barrels at regular time and quantity.
Preferably: the auxiliary system further comprises a lighting device and an air pump which are fixed above the shellfish culture barrel, and an air outlet of the air pump is communicated with the shellfish culture barrel through an air charging pipe so as to provide illumination and oxygen required by shellfish culture for the shellfish culture barrel.
Preferably: the auxiliary system also comprises monitoring probes which are fixed above the shellfish culture barrel. Therefore, the working personnel can check the shellfish culture condition in the shellfish culture barrel shot by the monitoring probe in real time through a remote terminal such as a mobile phone and the like so as to grasp the health condition of cultured shellfish in time and judge whether a water changing program needs to be started or not according to the health condition.
The lighting device preferably adopts an LED lamp tube; shellfish bait storage device, lighting device, pump and monitor can be through fixing on the installing support, and the realization is fixed in the top position of shellfish culture bucket, wherein, the installing support can be fixed in the ceiling through nonrust steel pipe, also can adopt to stand on subaerial support.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a full-automatic shellfish culture method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a full-automatic shellfish culture method is characterized in that: based on the implementation of the full-automatic shellfish culture device, the method comprises the following steps:
the control system compares the water quality parameters detected by the water quality detection device with a corresponding preset qualified water quality range, a corresponding preset poor water quality range and a corresponding preset extremely poor water quality range; wherein, the qualified water quality range, the poor water quality range and the extremely poor water quality range corresponding to each water quality parameter are respectively preset according to the actual conditions, and the three water quality ranges of the same water quality parameter are not overlapped.
When each water quality parameter is in the corresponding qualified water quality range, the water quality of the aquaculture seawater circulating in the circulating aquaculture system is in a qualified state suitable for aquaculture of shellfish, and then: the control system automatically controls the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve and the water discharging pipe electromagnetic valve to be closed, controls the circulating pump of the culture system to be started, and controls the water inlet pipe electromagnetic valve to be opened; so that: the culture seawater in the balance water vat is driven by a circulating pump of a culture system to be sterilized by ultraviolet light and filtered by phytoplankton through an ultraviolet lamp tube and small-aperture filter cotton in a sterilizing and filtering device, and then enters a shellfish culture barrel, the culture seawater polluted by cultured shellfish in the shellfish culture barrel flows into a primary coarse filtering device through a water outlet pipe, the large-aperture filter cotton in the primary coarse filtering device filters particulate impurities such as shellfish excrement, the water temperature is kept constant to be suitable for culturing shellfish by a culture system thermostat, the activated carbon and zeolite in a secondary coarse filtering device are further filtered and purified, and finally the culture seawater flows back into the balance water vat, the water quality parameter is monitored by a water quality detection device, and the culture seawater continuously flows in the direction under the drive of the circulating pump of the culture system, so that the culture seawater continuously circularly flows in the circulating culture system and is filtered in the circulating process, Constant temperature and sterilization ensure that the aquaculture seawater in the shellfish culture barrel can be kept in a clean qualified state with stable water quality parameters for a long time, the influence of the water quality change of the aquaculture seawater on shellfish culture is reduced to the maximum extent, and the water change frequency of a circulating aquaculture system can be greatly reduced.
When any one of the water quality parameters is in the corresponding poor water quality range and any one of the water quality parameters is not in the corresponding extremely poor water quality range, the water quality of the aquaculture seawater circulated in the circulating aquaculture system is in an unqualified state with adverse effect on shellfish aquaculture, and then: the control system sends an alarm signal to a remote terminal (such as a mobile phone) to remind a worker, and the worker determines whether to start a water changing program;
the remote terminal can send a control instruction for starting a water changing program to the control system, and can remotely control to realize the replacement of the culture seawater;
when any one of the water quality parameters is in the corresponding range of extremely poor water quality or the variation amplitude of any one of the water quality parameters in the preset time exceeds a preset value (namely, the water quality parameters fluctuate sharply), the water quality of the culture seawater circulating in the circulating culture system is an extremely poor state which is completely not suitable for shellfish culture, and then: the control system automatically starts the water changing program;
wherein, the water changing procedure is as follows: firstly, the drain pipe electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened so that the aquaculture seawater with extremely poor water quality in the balance water vat is drained through the drain pipe, then the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened so that the water supply system replenishes qualified aquaculture seawater into the balance water vat, and finally, when the aquaculture seawater replenished into the balance water vat by the water supply system reaches a preset water amount, the drain pipe electromagnetic valve and the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve are controlled to be closed again, so that partial or whole replacement of the aquaculture seawater in the balance water vat is realized, and the stability of the aquaculture seawater and the health of aquaculture shellfish are guaranteed.
Preferably: a detection head for monitoring the content of chlorophyll a in a water body is arranged in the shellfish culture barrel, and the control system can receive a chlorophyll a content monitoring result output by the detection head; and when the chlorophyll a content monitoring result is lower than a preset chlorophyll a content threshold value, the control system controls the circulating pump of the culture system to be started, when the chlorophyll a content monitoring result is higher than the chlorophyll a content threshold value, the auxiliary system indicates that bait feeding is carried out on the shellfish culture barrel, the circulating pump of the culture system is controlled to be stopped, the chlorophyll a content in the shellfish culture barrel can be reduced along with bait feeding of shellfish, and after a period of time of feeding, the control system controls the circulating pump of the culture system to be restarted when the chlorophyll a content monitoring result is reduced to be lower than the chlorophyll a content threshold value again.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the automatic shellfish culture system is provided with a water supply system, a circulating culture system, an auxiliary system and a control system, and can realize automatic indoor culture of shellfish;
secondly, when each water quality parameter detected by the water quality detection device is in the corresponding qualified water quality range, the aquaculture seawater continuously and circularly flows in the circular aquaculture system and is filtered, thermostatically treated and sterilized in the circulating process, so that the aquaculture seawater in the shellfish aquaculture barrel can be kept in a clean qualified state water quality with stable water quality parameters for a long time, the influence of aquaculture seawater quality change on aquaculture of shellfish is reduced to the maximum extent, and the water change frequency of the circular aquaculture system can be greatly reduced;
in addition, the invention can send an alarm signal to the remote terminal to remind the staff when any one water quality parameter detected by the water quality detection device is in the corresponding poor water quality range and any one water quality parameter is not in the corresponding range of extremely poor water quality, and the staff determines whether to start a water changing program;
in addition, the invention can automatically start the water changing program when any water quality parameter detected by the water quality detection device is in a corresponding extremely poor water quality range or the change amplitude of any water quality parameter in the preset time exceeds the preset value, namely the water quality parameter is fluctuated violently, thereby realizing the partial or complete replacement of the aquaculture seawater in the balance water tank and ensuring the stability of the aquaculture seawater and the health of the aquaculture shellfish.
Thirdly, the biochemical balls are placed in the shellfish culture barrel, so that the biochemical balls are utilized to promote growth of nitrobacteria in a water body, ammonia nitrogen in the water body in the shellfish culture barrel is reduced, water quality is balanced, and shellfish growth is facilitated.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water supply system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the circulating aquaculture system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings to help those skilled in the art to better understand the inventive concept of the present invention, but the scope of the claims of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope of the present invention without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention discloses a full-automatic shellfish culture device, comprising: a water supply system 1, a circulating culture system 2, an auxiliary system 3 and a control system;
referring to fig. 3, the circulating culture system 2 is provided with a balance water tank 2-1, a water outlet of the balance water tank 2-1 is connected with an inlet of a water inlet pipe 2-5 through a culture system circulating pump 2-3 and a sterilization filtering device 2-4 in sequence, the water inlet pipe 2-5 is provided with at least one outlet, each outlet of the water inlet pipe 2-5 is provided with a water inlet pipe electromagnetic valve 2-6 and communicated with a shellfish culture barrel 2-7, and the bottom of each shellfish culture barrel 2-7 is connected with a water return port of the balance water tank 2-1 through a water outlet pipe 2-12 in sequence through a primary coarse filtering device 2-8, a culture system thermostat 2-9, a secondary coarse filtering device 2-10 and a water return pipe 2-11; in addition, a water quality detection device 2-2 capable of monitoring water quality parameters including but not limited to salinity, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen content and the like on line is arranged in the balance water tank 2-1, the bottom surface of the balance water tank 2-1 is connected with a drain pipe 2-14 provided with a drain pipe electromagnetic valve 2-13, the sterilizing and filtering devices 2-4 are internally provided with ultraviolet lamp tubes for sterilizing water by ultraviolet light and small-aperture filter cotton for filtering water by phytoplankton, a shellfish hanging and cultivating net 2-16 for hanging and cultivating shellfish is movably arranged in the shellfish cultivating barrel 2-7, the primary coarse filtering device 2-8 is internally provided with large-aperture filter cotton for filtering granular impurities such as shellfish excrement and the like in a water body, activated carbon and zeolite for further filtering and purifying water are filled in the secondary coarse filtering devices 2-10;
the balance water cylinder 2-1 is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic; a main electromagnetic valve 2-15 can be additionally arranged between the circulating pump 2-3 and the sterilizing and filtering device 2-4 of the culture system so as to uniformly control water injection to all the shellfish culture barrels 2-7; the sterilizing and filtering devices 2-4 are provided with openable bin doors so as to facilitate the replacement of the ultraviolet lamp tubes and the small-aperture filter cotton; the aperture of the small-aperture filter cotton is preferably between 30um and 200um, and can be selected according to actual needs, and the filter cotton cannot be completely filtered due to different sizes of the zooplankton, and only needs to achieve the effect of filtering most zooplankton; the water inlet pipes 2-5 are preferably made of PVC materials; the shellfish culture barrels 2-7 are preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the size of the shellfish culture barrels can be customized according to actual needs.
The water supply system 1 can supply culture seawater to the balance water tank 2-1 through a water replenishing pipe 1-4, and the water replenishing pipe 1-4 is provided with a water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve 1-6;
the auxiliary system 3 can provide bait, illumination and oxygen required by shellfish culture for each shellfish culture bucket 2-7;
the control system can receive the monitoring result of the water quality detection device 2-2 in real time and can respectively control the working states of the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve 1-6, the culture system circulating pump 2-3, the water inlet pipe electromagnetic valve 2-6, the culture system thermostat 2-9, the water outlet pipe electromagnetic valve 2-13 and the auxiliary system 3.
The above is a basic implementation manner of the first embodiment, and further optimization, improvement and limitation may be performed on the basis of the basic implementation manner:
preferably: the shell culture barrel 2-7 is internally provided with the biochemical balls 2-17 which are positioned above the shell hanging net 2-16 and can float on the water surface, so that the biochemical balls 2-17 are utilized to promote the growth of nitrobacteria in the water body, reduce the ammonia nitrogen in the water body in the shell culture barrel 2-7, balance the water quality and be more beneficial to the growth of the shell.
Preferably: the bottoms of the shellfish culture barrels 2-7 are conical with a large upper part and a small lower part, so that shellfish excrement or residual bait can be precipitated and collected through the conical bottoms.
Preferably: the shellfish hanging and culturing net 2-16 is hung at the edge of the shellfish culturing barrel 2-7 through a hook, so that the shellfish hanging and culturing net 2-16 can be conveniently and directly lifted out of the shellfish culturing barrel 2-7 when shellfish needs to be collected.
Example two
The invention also discloses a full-automatic shellfish culture method, which is implemented based on the full-automatic shellfish culture device of the embodiment I and comprises the following steps:
the control system compares the water quality parameters detected by the water quality detection device 2-2 with a corresponding preset qualified water quality range, a preset poor water quality range and a preset extremely poor water quality range; wherein, the qualified water quality range, the poor water quality range and the extremely poor water quality range corresponding to each water quality parameter are respectively preset according to the actual conditions, and the three water quality ranges of the same water quality parameter are not overlapped.
When each water quality parameter is in the corresponding qualified water quality range, the water quality of the aquaculture seawater circulating in the circulating aquaculture system 2 is in a qualified state suitable for aquaculture of shellfish, and then: the control system automatically controls the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valves 1-6 and the water discharging pipe electromagnetic valves 2-13 to be closed, controls the circulating pump 2-3 of the culture system to be started, and controls the water inlet pipe electromagnetic valves 2-6 to be opened; so that: the culture seawater in the balance water vat 2-1 can be sterilized by ultraviolet light and filtered by phytoplankton through an ultraviolet lamp tube and small-aperture filter cotton in a sterilizing filter device 2-4 under the drive of a culture system circulating pump 2-3, then enters a shellfish culture vat 2-7, the culture seawater polluted by shellfish culture in the shellfish culture vat 2-7 flows into a primary coarse filter device 2-8 through a water outlet pipe 2-12, the large-aperture filter cotton in the primary coarse filter device 2-8 filters particulate impurities such as shellfish excretion, the water temperature is kept constant to the temperature suitable for culturing shellfish by a culture system constant temperature machine 2-9, then the activated carbon and zeolite in a secondary coarse filter device 2-10 are further filtered and purified, and finally the culture seawater flows back to the balance water vat 2-1, the water quality parameter is monitored by the water quality detection device 2-2, and then the culture seawater continuously flows in the direction under the driving of the circulating pump 2-3 of the culture system, so that the culture seawater continuously flows in the circulating culture system 2 in a circulating way and is filtered, thermostated and sterilized in the circulating process, the culture seawater in the shellfish culture barrel 2-7 can be ensured to be kept in a clean qualified state water quality with stable water quality parameters for a long time, the influence of the change of the culture seawater water quality on the cultured shellfish is reduced to the greatest extent, and the water changing frequency of the circulating culture system 2 can be greatly reduced.
When any one of the water quality parameters is in the corresponding poor water quality range and any one of the water quality parameters is not in the corresponding extremely poor water quality range, the water quality of the aquaculture seawater circulating in the circulating aquaculture system 2 is in an unqualified state with adverse effect on shellfish aquaculture, and then: the control system sends an alarm signal to a remote terminal (such as a mobile phone) to remind a worker, and the worker determines whether to start a water changing program;
the remote terminal can send a control instruction for starting a water changing program to the control system, and can remotely control to realize the replacement of the culture seawater;
when any one of the water quality parameters is in the corresponding range of extremely poor water quality or the variation amplitude of any one of the water quality parameters in the preset time exceeds a preset value (namely, the water quality parameters fluctuate sharply), the water quality of the culture seawater circulating in the circulating culture system 2 is an extremely poor state which is completely not suitable for shellfish culture, and then: the control system automatically starts the water changing program;
wherein, the water changing procedure is as follows: firstly, controlling the opening of the drain pipe electromagnetic valve 2-13 to drain the aquaculture seawater with extremely poor water quality in the balance water tank 2-1 through the drain pipe 2-14, then controlling the opening of the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve 1-6 to make the water supply system 1 replenish the aquaculture seawater with qualified water quality into the balance water tank 2-1, and finally controlling the recovery closing of the drain pipe electromagnetic valve 2-13 and the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve 1-6 when the aquaculture seawater replenished to the balance water tank 2-1 by the water supply system 1 reaches a preset water amount, so as to realize the partial or total replacement of the aquaculture seawater in the balance water tank 2-1 and ensure the stability of the aquaculture seawater and the health of aquaculture shellfish.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the second embodiment, and further optimization, improvement and limitation can be made on the basis of the basic implementation manner:
preferably: a detection head for monitoring the content of chlorophyll a in a water body is arranged in the shellfish culture barrel 2-7, and the control system can receive a chlorophyll a content monitoring result output by the detection head; and when the chlorophyll a content monitoring result is lower than a preset chlorophyll a content threshold value, the control system controls the circulating pump 2-3 of the culture system to be started, when the chlorophyll a content monitoring result is higher than the chlorophyll a content threshold value, the auxiliary system 3 indicates that the auxiliary system 3 feeds the shellfish culture barrel 2-7, the circulating pump 2-3 of the culture system is controlled to be stopped, the chlorophyll a content in the shellfish culture barrel 2-7 is reduced along with the ingestion of bait by shellfish, and after a period of ingestion, the control system controls the circulating pump 2-3 of the culture system to be restarted when judging that the chlorophyll a content monitoring result is reduced to be lower than the chlorophyll a content threshold value again.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the third embodiment further adopts the following preferred embodiments:
as shown in figure 2, the water supply system 1 comprises a water storage tank 1-1 for storing the aquaculture seawater, water quality purification fillers 1-7 such as zeolite are placed in the water storage tank 1-1, a water outlet of the water storage tank 1-1 is connected with an inlet of a water supply system circulating pump 1-3, an outlet of the water supply system circulating pump 1-3 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the water replenishing pipe 1-4, the other path is connected with a water return port of the water storage tank 1-1 through a water circulating pipe 1-5, and the water circulating pipe 1-5 is provided with a water supply system thermostat 1-2 and a water supply system electromagnetic valve 1-8.
Therefore, under the daily state that the water supply system 1 does not need to supplement the aquaculture seawater to the balance water tank 2-1 through a water changing program, the water supplementing pipe electromagnetic valve 1-6 is kept closed, the water supply system electromagnetic valve 1-8 is kept opened, so that the aquaculture seawater in the water storage tank 1-1 circularly flows along the paths of the water circulating pipe 1-5, the water supply system thermostat 1-2 and the water storage tank 1-1 under the driving of a water supply system circulating pump 1-3, the water temperature of the aquaculture seawater is kept stable by using the water supply system thermostat 1-2, and the dissolved oxygen and the cleanliness of the aquaculture seawater are kept by using the water quality purification filler 1-7; therefore, when the water supply system 1 needs to supplement the aquaculture seawater to the balance water tank 2-1 through a water changing program, the water supply system 1 can immediately supply the aquaculture seawater with qualified water quality to the balance water tank 2-1 through the water supplementing pipe 1-4 by closing the water supply system electromagnetic valve 1-8 and opening the water supplementing pipe electromagnetic valve 1-6.
Wherein, the water storage tank 1-1 is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic; the water circulation pipes 1-5 are preferably made of PVC plastic.
Example four
On the basis of any one of the first to third embodiments, the fourth embodiment further adopts the following preferred embodiments:
as shown in fig. 4, the auxiliary system 3 includes a shellfish bait storage device 3-3 for storing shellfish liquid bait (such as concentrated algae liquid), the shellfish bait storage device 3-3 is fixed above the shellfish culture bucket 2-7, a feeding pipeline 3-4 with a feeding electromagnetic valve 3-8 is arranged above each shellfish culture bucket 2-7, and a discharge port of the shellfish bait storage device 3-3 is connected with each feeding pipeline 3-4 through a feeding main pipe. The shellfish bait storage device 3-3 can preferably control the temperature of shellfish liquid bait. The control system can control the feeding electromagnetic valves 3-8 to realize the timed and quantitative automatic feeding of the baits in the shellfish culture barrels 2-7.
The above is the basic implementation of the fourth embodiment, and further optimization, improvement and limitation can be made on the basis of the basic implementation:
preferably: the auxiliary system 3 further comprises a lighting device 3-5 and an air pump 3-7 which are fixed above the shellfish culture barrel 2-7, wherein an air outlet of the air pump 3-7 is communicated with the shellfish culture barrel 2-7 through an air charging pipe 3-9, so that lighting and oxygen required by shellfish culture are provided for the shellfish culture barrel 2-7.
Preferably: the auxiliary system 3 also comprises monitoring probes 3-6 which are all fixed above the shellfish culture barrels 2-7. Therefore, the working personnel can check the shellfish culture conditions in the shellfish culture barrels 2-7 shot by the monitoring probes 3-6 in real time through remote terminals such as mobile phones and the like so as to master the health conditions of cultured shellfish in time and judge whether a water changing program needs to be started or not according to the health conditions.
The lighting devices 3-5 preferably adopt LED lamp tubes; the shellfish bait storage device 3-3, the lighting device 3-5, the inflator pump 3-7 and the monitoring probe 3-6 can be fixed above the shellfish culture barrel 2-7 by being fixed on the mounting bracket 3-1, wherein the mounting bracket 3-1 can be fixed on a ceiling through a stainless steel pipe 3-2, and can also be a bracket standing on the ground.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various other equivalent modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the basic technical concept of the invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field.
Claims (10)
1. A full-automatic shellfish culture device, characterized by comprising: the system comprises a water supply system (1), a circulating culture system (2), an auxiliary system (3) and a control system;
the circulating culture system (2) is provided with a balance water tank (2-1), the water outlet of the balance water tank (2-1) is connected with the inlet of the water inlet pipe (2-5) through the culture system circulating pump (2-3) and the sterilization filtering device (2-4) in turn, the water inlet pipe (2-5) is provided with at least one outlet, each outlet of the water inlet pipe (2-5) is provided with a water inlet pipe electromagnetic valve (2-6) and communicated with one shellfish culture barrel (2-7), and the bottom of each shellfish culture barrel (2-7) is connected with a water return port of the balance water cylinder (2-1) through a water outlet pipe (2-12) in sequence through a primary coarse filtering device (2-8), a culture system constant temperature machine (2-9), a secondary coarse filtering device (2-10) and a water return pipe (2-11); moreover, a water quality detection device (2-2) capable of monitoring water quality parameters on line is arranged in the balance water tank (2-1), the bottom surface of the balance water tank (2-1) is connected with a drain pipe (2-14) provided with a drain pipe electromagnetic valve (2-13), the sterilizing and filtering devices (2-4) are internally provided with ultraviolet lamp tubes for sterilizing water by ultraviolet light and small-aperture filter cotton for filtering water by phytoplankton, a shellfish hanging and breeding net (2-16) for hanging and breeding shellfish is movably arranged in the shellfish breeding barrel (2-7), large-aperture filter cotton for filtering particle impurities of water is arranged in the primary coarse filtering device (2-8), and activated carbon and zeolite are filled in the secondary coarse filtering device (2-10);
the water supply system (1) can supply culture seawater to the balance water vat (2-1) through a water replenishing pipe (1-4), and the water replenishing pipe (1-4) is provided with a water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve (1-6);
the auxiliary system (3) can provide bait, illumination and oxygen required by shellfish culture for each shellfish culture bucket (2-7);
the control system can receive the monitoring result of the water quality detection device (2-2) in real time and can respectively control the working states of the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve (1-6), the breeding system circulating pump (2-3), the water inlet pipe electromagnetic valve (2-6), the breeding system constant temperature machine (2-9), the water outlet pipe electromagnetic valve (2-13) and the auxiliary system (3).
2. The fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus of claim 1, wherein: biochemical balls (2-17) which are positioned above the shellfish hanging and culturing nets (2-16) and can float on the water surface are placed in the shellfish culturing barrel (2-7).
3. The fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the shellfish culture barrel (2-7) is conical with a big top and a small bottom.
4. The fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the shellfish hanging and culturing net (2-16) is hung at the edge of the shellfish culturing barrel (2-7) through a hook.
5. The fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus of any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the water supply system (1) comprises a water storage tank (1-1) for storing the aquaculture seawater, water quality purification fillers (1-7) are placed in the water storage tank (1-1), a water outlet of the water storage tank (1-1) is connected with an inlet of a water supply system circulating pump (1-3), an outlet of the water supply system circulating pump (1-3) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the water replenishing pipe (1-4), the other path is connected with a water return port of the water storage tank (1-1) through a water circulating pipe (1-5), and a water supply system thermostat (1-2) and a water supply system electromagnetic valve (1-8) are installed on the water circulating pipe (1-5).
6. The fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus of any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: auxiliary system (3) are including shellfish bait storage device (3-3) that is used for storing shellfish liquid bait, and this shellfish bait storage device (3-3) is fixed in the top position of shellfish breeding bucket (2-7), each the top of shellfish breeding bucket (2-7) all is equipped with one and installs feeding pipeline (3-4) of throwing something and feeding solenoid valve (3-8), the discharge gate of shellfish bait storage device (3-3) is through throwing something and feeding house steward connection each throw something and feed pipeline (3-4).
7. The fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the auxiliary system (3) further comprises a lighting device (3-5) and an air pump (3-7) which are fixed above the shellfish culture barrel (2-7), and an air outlet of the air pump (3-7) is communicated with the shellfish culture barrel (2-7) through an air charging pipe (3-9).
8. The fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the auxiliary system (3) also comprises monitoring probes (3-6) which are fixed above the shellfish culture barrels (2-7).
9. A full-automatic shellfish culture method is characterized in that: the fully automatic shellfish culture apparatus of any of claims 1 to 8 implemented, comprising:
the control system compares the water quality parameters detected by the water quality detection device (2-2) with a corresponding preset qualified water quality range, a preset poor water quality range and a preset extremely poor water quality range;
when each water quality parameter is in the corresponding qualified water quality range, the control system automatically controls the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve (1-6) and the water discharging pipe electromagnetic valve (2-13) to be closed, controls the circulating pump (2-3) of the culture system to be started, and controls the water inlet pipe electromagnetic valve (2-6) to be opened;
when any one of the water quality parameters is in the corresponding poor water quality range and any one of the water quality parameters is not in the corresponding range of the extremely poor water quality, the control system sends an alarm signal to a remote terminal;
the remote terminal can send a control instruction for starting a water changing program to the control system;
when any one of the water quality parameters is in the corresponding range of extremely poor water quality or the variation amplitude of any one of the water quality parameters in the preset time exceeds the preset value, the control system automatically starts the water changing program;
wherein, the water changing procedure is as follows: firstly, controlling the drain pipe electromagnetic valve (2-13) to be opened, then controlling the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve (1-6) to be opened, and finally controlling the drain pipe electromagnetic valve (2-13) and the water replenishing pipe electromagnetic valve (1-6) to be closed again when the aquaculture seawater replenished to the balance water tank (2-1) by the water supply system (1) reaches a preset water amount.
10. The fully automatic shellfish culture method of claim 9, characterized by: a detection head for monitoring the content of chlorophyll a in a water body is arranged in the shellfish culture barrel (2-7), and the control system can receive a chlorophyll a content monitoring result output by the detection head; and the control system controls the circulation pump (2-3) of the culture system to be started when the chlorophyll a content monitoring result is lower than a preset chlorophyll a content threshold value, and controls the circulation pump (2-3) of the culture system to be stopped when the chlorophyll a content monitoring result is higher than the chlorophyll a content threshold value.
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