CN114532085A - Method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa - Google Patents
Method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114532085A CN114532085A CN202210257056.XA CN202210257056A CN114532085A CN 114532085 A CN114532085 A CN 114532085A CN 202210257056 A CN202210257056 A CN 202210257056A CN 114532085 A CN114532085 A CN 114532085A
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- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- cuttage
- chaenomeles speciosa
- seedbed
- branch
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention provides a method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a cuttage seedbed, namely paving a 10-20 cm-thick cushion layer which is favorable for water permeation and water filtration at the bottom of the seedbed, and paving 10-30 cm-thick fine river sand above the cushion layer as a cuttage matrix; (2) pruning and disinfecting the cutting; (3) smearing growth hormone slurry solution: selecting 400mg/L NAA, 500g laterite and a proper amount of water, mixing and stirring to enable the NAA and the laterite to reach a dilute slurry state, and then uniformly coating the NAA and the laterite on the base part of the cutting slips; (4) cuttage and compaction: cutting 3-8cm deep furrows before cuttage, cutting the cuttage row spacing of 10/15cm, sequentially cutting the chaenomeles speciosa cuttings at an angle of 45 degrees on a sand bed, wherein the cuttage depth is 1/3-1/2 of the branch length, and then compacting; (5) managing and culturing in the later stage of cuttage; (6) transferring the survived seedlings into a culture pot. The invention improves the rooting rate and survival rate of chaenomeles speciosa during big branch cuttage by using naphthylacetic acid with proper concentration to treat the base part of the chaenomeles speciosa cutting slips. The chaenomeles speciosa can quickly take root and survive, the propagation speed is improved, the propagation coefficient is enlarged, and the market demand is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seedling culture, in particular to a method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa.
Background
The chaenomeles speciosa, also known as chaenomeles speciosa, is a good plant with flower, fruit and shape, and has been increasingly paid more attention to people in landscaping. With the emphasis on ecological environment and the promotion of ecological civilization construction in China, higher requirements are put forward on the quantity and quality of chaenomeles speciosa seedling supply. At present, the chaenomeles speciosa is generally bred in a cuttage and layering mode, however, the rooting rate and the survival rate of the breeding mode are low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method capable of improving the rooting rate and the survival rate of chaenomeles speciosa in the cutting process of big branches.
A method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a cuttage seedbed, namely paving a 10-20 cm-thick cushion layer which is favorable for water permeation and water filtration at the bottom of the seedbed, and paving 10-30 cm-thick fine river sand above the cushion layer as a cuttage matrix;
(2) cutting, pruning and disinfecting: immediately placing the pruned cutting slips into a carbendazim solution to be soaked for 10-30 minutes for sterilization treatment, coating a wound healing agent on the upper wound, drying the wound healing agent by blowing, then covering the cutting slips with a film, taking care that the humidity of other parts except the part with the wound healing agent is ensured during film covering, soaking the parts with purified water to the wound healing agent, and covering the film with the area from 1/2 to 2/3 at the middle upper part of the branch;
(3) smearing growth hormone slurry solution: mixing NAA solid powder and water at a ratio of 1:2500, keeping the concentration of the NAA solution at 400mg/L, adding a proper amount of red earth, stirring uniformly to obtain a dilute slurry state, and then uniformly coating the mixture on the base part of the cutting slips;
(4) cuttage and compaction: cutting 3-8cm deep furrows before cuttage, cutting the cuttage row spacing of 10/15cm, sequentially cutting the chaenomeles speciosa cuttings at an angle of 45 degrees on a sand bed, wherein the cuttage depth is 1/3-1/2 of the branch length, and then compacting;
(5) managing and culturing in the later stage of cuttage: watering regularly after the cutting, wherein the seedling bed is required to be kept at 20-28 ℃ and 85-90% of humidity when watering is carried out each time, observing the growth condition of the cutting at any time, finding problems in time and taking relevant measures; removing weeds in the seedbed, removing the film on the sprouting cutting slips in time by using scissors to ensure the normal growth of the sprouts when the sprouting cutting slips are found;
(6) transferring the survived seedlings into a culture pot: mixing laterite and humus in a ratio of 1:1 in a pot to be transferred, selecting and transferring the survival chaenomeles speciosa seedlings subjected to cuttage and rooting to a new pot, compacting a matrix, watering thoroughly, and performing tube culture at regular time and quantity in the later period.
Further, according to the method for cutting the big branch of chaenomeles speciosa, in the step (5), after watering, when sand and stone are seriously precipitated, sand needs to be added, and compaction is carried out again; during management after insertion, when the illumination is strong, a shading net shed needs to be built.
Further, according to the method for cutting the big branch of chaenomeles speciosa as described above, in the step (5), if the environmental ventilation effect is poor during the management period after the cutting, aphid and insect damage may occur on the leaves, and at this time, a corresponding pesticide is sprayed; if the pesticide is sprayed again, the dosage can be increased or other types of pesticides can be replaced; when the seedling raising period of the cutting material needs overwintering, 1000 times of liquid thiophanate methyl solution is sprayed once to prevent aphids.
Further, in the method for cutting the big branch of chaenomeles speciosa as described above, in the step (6), after the cutting slips root, the illuminance and the ventilation time should be gradually increased, so that the transferred plants adapt to the external natural environment.
Further, according to the method for cutting the big branch of chaenomeles speciosa, the cushion layer is coarse sand or broken stones.
Further, the method for cutting the big branch of chaenomeles speciosa as described above further includes, before step (1): the humidity of the seedbed is kept in real time before cuttage, weeds in the seedbed are removed, coarse sand or broken stones are ploughed and leveled to enhance the water permeability and the air permeability of the coarse sand or the broken stones, watering is carried out after leveling is finished, and the seedbed is sprayed with 500 times of potassium permanganate solution to carry out sterilization and then is coated with a film, so that the best sterilization effect is achieved.
Further, according to the method for cutting the big branch of chaenomeles speciosa as described above, the cut slips after trimming are: selecting strong perennial big branches of chaenomeles speciosa with the branch diameter of more than 3cm in 8-10 months, pruning with an upper flat opening and a lower inclined opening, wherein the length is 15-20cm, and cutting off the cutting slips of all leaves.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention discloses a plant growth regulator (NAA), which is a substance capable of regulating the growth and development ability of plants, can be absorbed by roots, stems and leaves and conveyed to a nearest growing point to promote growth, the treatment of cutting slips by using the NAA becomes a necessary means and an important technology for cutting roots and survival, but different plants have different requirements on the concentration of plant growth hormone.
(2) The material is simple and easy to obtain, the cost is low, the plant material is easy to obtain, the carbendazim and the naphthylacetic acid are sold in the market at low price, and other operating tools are commonly used and easy to obtain.
(3) Simple operation and long cuttage time, convenient and simple work of preparing seedbeds, cutting slips and the like, and can be easily mastered by general practitioners. Under the condition of sufficient plant materials, cuttage can be carried out in the three seasons of spring, summer and autumn every year.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a cutting seedbed: in a posterior mountain experiment base of Yunnan Kunming southwest forestry university, a field with good drainage and appropriate light and temperature conditions is selected to prepare a cuttage seedbed, firstly, a coarse sand or gravel cushion layer with the thickness of about 15cm is paved at the bottom of the seedbed to facilitate water permeation and drainage, and fine river sand with the thickness of about 20cm is paved above the cushion layer to be used as a cuttage substrate. Before cuttage, the humidity of the seedbed is kept through watering, weeds in the seedbed are removed, sand is ploughed and leveled, the water permeability and the air permeability of the sand are enhanced, watering is carried out after leveling is finished, and potassium permanganate 500 times liquid is sprayed on the sand bed to sterilize and then to coat the film, so that the best effect of sterilization is achieved.
(2) Cutting, pruning and disinfecting: in late 8 th month, taking perennial big branches of chaenomeles speciosa which grow robustly in university campus of southwest forestry, wherein the diameter of the branches is more than 3cm, trimming by adopting an upper flat opening and a lower oblique opening, and trimming the branches to obtain the length of about 15-20cm, and trimming all leaves. And (3) immediately putting the pruned cutting slips into a carbendazim solution for soaking for 10-30 minutes for sterilization treatment, coating a wound healing agent on the upper wound, drying the wound healing agent, then covering the cutting slips with a film, taking care that the humidity of other parts except the part with the wound healing agent is ensured during film covering, soaking the cutting slips into the wound healing agent with purified water, wherein the area of the film covering is 1/2-2/3 parts of the middle upper part of the branch.
(3) Smearing growth hormone slurry solution: mixing NAA solid powder with water at a ratio of 1:2500, keeping the concentration of the NAA solution at 400mg/L, adding red clay with the same mass as that of water, stirring uniformly to obtain a dilute slurry state, and then uniformly coating the red clay on the base part of the cutting;
specifically, most methods are to prepare the growth regulator into a solution according to a proportion, then put the cutting into a growth hormone solution for soaking for a certain time and then take out the cutting, and the problems that the plant cannot be sufficiently absorbed in the later period, and the solution volatilizes after the cutting is taken out, so that the effective components of the plant growth regulator acting on the cutting are insufficient and the like can be encountered. The present invention alleviates the above problems by mixing a plant growth regulator in a slurry solution.
(4) Cutting and compacting: before cutting, cutting furrows with the depth of about 5cm on a prepared seedbed in advance, keeping the cutting row spacing of 10/15cm, sequentially cutting and planting the chaenomeles speciosa cutting slips on a sand bed at an angle of 45 degrees, wherein the cutting depth is 1/3-1/2 of the length of branches, and then compacting.
(5) Managing and culturing in the later stage of cuttage: watering regularly after the cutting, watering thoroughly each time, generating sand and stone sediment after watering, and adding sand again to compact. The temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-28 ℃ at any time, the humidity is 85% -90%, the growth condition of the cutting is observed at any time, weeds in the seedbed are removed, after the cutting sprouts, the film on the cutting sprouts is removed by scissors, the normal growth of the sprouts is ensured, and at the moment, a netted shade is built to prevent the seedlings from being burnt by too strong sunlight.
(6) Transferring the survived seedlings into a culture pot: mixing laterite and humus in a ratio of 1:1 in a pot to be transferred, selecting and transferring the survival chaenomeles speciosa seedlings subjected to cuttage and rooting to a new pot, compacting a matrix, watering thoroughly, and performing tube culture at regular time and quantity in the later period. At the moment, the illumination intensity and the ventilation time of the seedbed are gradually increased, so that the transferred plants adapt to the external natural environment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a cuttage seedbed, namely paving a 10-20 cm-thick cushion layer which is favorable for water permeation and water filtration at the bottom of the seedbed, and paving 10-30 cm-thick fine river sand above the cushion layer as a cuttage matrix;
(2) cutting, pruning and disinfecting: immediately putting the pruned cutting slips into a carbendazim solution to be soaked for 10-30 minutes for sterilization treatment, coating a wound healing agent on the upper wound, drying the wound healing agent by blowing, then covering the cutting slips with a film, and soaking the other parts except the part with the wound healing agent to the wound healing agent with purified water when covering the film, wherein the area of the film is 1/2-2/3 parts of the middle upper part of the branch;
(3) smearing growth hormone slurry solution: mixing NAA solid powder and water at a ratio of 1:2500, keeping the concentration of the NAA solution at 400mg/L, adding a proper amount of red earth, stirring uniformly to obtain a dilute slurry state, and then uniformly coating the mixture on the base part of the cutting slips;
(4) cuttage and compaction: cutting 3-8cm deep furrows before cuttage, cutting the cuttage row spacing of 10/15cm, sequentially cutting the chaenomeles speciosa cuttings at an angle of 45 degrees on a sand bed, wherein the cuttage depth is 1/3-1/2 of the branch length, and then compacting;
(5) managing and culturing in the later stage of cuttage: watering regularly after the cutting, wherein the seedling bed is required to be kept at 20-28 ℃ and 85-90% of humidity when watering is carried out each time, observing the growth condition of the cutting at any time, finding problems in time and taking relevant measures; removing weeds in the seedbed, removing the film on the sprouting cutting slips in time by using scissors to ensure the normal growth of the sprouts when the sprouting cutting slips are found;
(6) transferring the survived seedlings into a culture pot: mixing laterite and humus soil in a ratio of 1:1 in a pot to be transferred, selecting a chaenomeles speciosa seedling which is rooted and survived in a cuttage manner, transferring the chaenomeles speciosa seedling to a new pot, compacting a matrix, watering thoroughly, and performing tube culture regularly and quantitatively in the later period.
2. The method for large branch cutting of chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), after watering, when sand and stone precipitation is serious, sand needs to be added, and compaction is carried out again; during management after insertion, when the illumination is strong, a shading net shed needs to be built.
3. The method for cutting the big branch of chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), if the environmental ventilation effect is poor during the management period after the cutting, aphid and insect damage can occur on the leaves, and a corresponding pesticide is sprayed; if the pesticide is sprayed again, the dosage can be increased or other types of pesticides can be replaced; when the seedling raising period of the cutting material needs overwintering, 1000 times of liquid thiophanate methyl solution is sprayed once to prevent aphids.
4. The method for cutting chaenomeles speciosa big branches according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), after the cutting slips root, the illumination and ventilation time should be gradually increased to make the transferred plants adapt to the external natural environment.
5. The method for large branch cutting of chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cushion is coarse sand or crushed stone.
6. The method for big branch cuttage of chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 5, further comprising, before step (1): the humidity of the seedbed is kept in real time before cuttage, weeds in the seedbed are removed, coarse sand or broken stones are ploughed and leveled to enhance the water permeability and the air permeability of the coarse sand or the broken stones, watering is carried out after leveling is finished, and the liquid 500 times of potassium permanganate is used for spraying the seedbed for sterilization and then covering the film, so that the best sterilization effect is achieved.
7. The method for big branch cutting of chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pruned cutting slips are: selecting strong perennial big branches of chaenomeles speciosa with the branch diameter of more than 3cm in 8-10 months, pruning with an upper flat opening and a lower inclined opening, wherein the length is 15-20cm, and cutting off the cutting slips of all leaves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210257056.XA CN114532085A (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210257056.XA CN114532085A (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa |
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| CN114532085A true CN114532085A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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| CN202210257056.XA Pending CN114532085A (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Method for cutting big branches of chaenomeles speciosa |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102919034A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-13 | 金陵科技学院 | Cutting method of chaenomeles cathayensis or chaenomeles speciosa |
| CN110050596A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-26 | 上海植物园 | A kind of proud big chaenomeles lagenaria cuttage and seedling culture method |
-
2022
- 2022-03-16 CN CN202210257056.XA patent/CN114532085A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102919034A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-13 | 金陵科技学院 | Cutting method of chaenomeles cathayensis or chaenomeles speciosa |
| CN110050596A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-26 | 上海植物园 | A kind of proud big chaenomeles lagenaria cuttage and seedling culture method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 信国彦: "贴梗海棠育苗技术", 《北京农业》 * |
| 周天相, 中国林业出版社 * |
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