CN114532025B - Bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of rape matrix seedling transplanting machine - Google Patents
Bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of rape matrix seedling transplanting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114532025B CN114532025B CN202210264937.4A CN202210264937A CN114532025B CN 114532025 B CN114532025 B CN 114532025B CN 202210264937 A CN202210264937 A CN 202210264937A CN 114532025 B CN114532025 B CN 114532025B
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009355 double cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009336 multiple cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009356 triple cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/006—Other parts or details or planting machines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bidirectional progressive seedling conveying device of a rape matrix seedling transplanting machine, which comprises a main frame, a driving shaft, a longitudinal seedling conveying device, transverse seedling conveying devices and seedling blocking devices positioned at the lower end of each transverse seedling conveying device, wherein the main frame is provided with a plurality of seedling blocking devices; the transverse seedling feeding device comprises a linear guide rail on a top beam of the main frame, a linear guide rail sliding block arranged on the linear guide rail, a stepping motor arranged at the tail end of the linear guide rail, a support guide rail assembly arranged on a side beam of the main frame, a seedling feeding frame arranged on the linear guide rail sliding block, and a plurality of seedling pushing trays arranged on the seedling feeding frame and uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the seedling feeding frame. The linear sliding table is adopted to drive the seedling pushing disc assembly to transversely send seedlings to intermittently and stably move, and the synchronous belt is combined to longitudinally and smoothly send seedlings, so that multiple rows of seedling sending actions can be synchronously completed, the manual operation intensity is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved; the seedling blocking device adopts an adjustable cylinder, synchronously controls the expansion and the contraction of the cylinder and the movement of the linear sliding table, and realizes the stable pushing in the transverse seedling feeding process and the synchronous stable and orderly movement of the longitudinal seedling feeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a bidirectional progressive seedling conveying device of a rape matrix seedling transplanting machine.
Background
The planting area and the total yield of rape in China are all in important world positions, the planting area of the main production area of the winter rape area reaches more than 90%, the rotation planting mode of rice-oil or rice-oil double-cropping or triple cropping paddy and upland rotation causes the protrusion of rotation contradiction, and the mechanical seedling and transplanting of rape is one of the important means for relieving the rotation contradiction. The rape transplanting has the advantages of saving the seed cost, improving the multiple cropping index and the land utilization rate, and the like. At present, most of rape matrix seedling transplanting machines are semi-automatic transplanting machines, the labor intensity is high, the operation cost is high, the planting efficiency is low, the transplanting machine is not suitable for long-time operation in a field, and the transplanting operation cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of a rape substrate seedling transplanting machine, which can fill multiple seedlings at one time, feed seedlings at intervals transversely and automatically and feed seedlings longitudinally and continuously.
In order to achieve the aim, the bidirectional progressive seedling conveying device of the rape matrix seedling transplanting machine comprises a main frame, a driving shaft transversely arranged on the main frame, n longitudinal seedling conveying devices hinged on the driving shaft, a transverse seedling conveying device arranged on the main frame and positioned above each longitudinal seedling conveying device, and a seedling blocking device positioned at the lower end of each transverse seedling conveying device, wherein the main frame is provided with a plurality of seedling feeding devices;
the transverse seedling feeding device comprises a linear guide rail on a top beam of the main frame, a linear guide rail sliding block arranged on the linear guide rail, a stepping motor arranged at the tail end of the linear guide rail, a support guide rail assembly arranged on a side beam of the main frame, a seedling feeding frame arranged on the linear guide rail sliding block, and a plurality of seedling pushing trays arranged on the seedling feeding frame and uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the seedling feeding frame.
Further, the support guide rail assembly comprises a guide rail and a plurality of U-shaped sliding blocks which are arranged on the guide rail and uniformly distributed along the axial direction, the number of the U-shaped sliding blocks is equal to that of the seedling pushing discs and the seedling pushing discs are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the guide rail is fixed on a side beam of the main frame.
Further, the seedling feeding frame comprises a seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate, a pair of seedling pushing disc fixing beams arranged on the seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate, a sliding block fixing plate arranged on two side plates of the seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate and a beam extrusion block lined between the pair of seedling pushing disc fixing beams and the sliding block fixing plate; the seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate comprises two symmetrical U-shaped cavities, each U-shaped cavity is fixedly provided with a seedling pushing disc fixing beam, and the seedling pushing disc fixing beam is flush with a connecting plate connecting the two U-shaped cavities; the slider fixing plate 26b is fixedly connected to the linear guide slider.
Further, each seedling pushing tray comprises n seedling pushing plates which are uniformly arranged at intervals and in parallel, at least two lower cross beams, a lifting handle connected with two adjacent lower cross beams and a supporting lifting handle; each lower cross beam comprises a U-shaped plate and n-2 connecting blocks, the n-2 connecting blocks are uniformly arranged in a U-shaped cavity of the U-shaped plate at intervals and fixed on a cross plate of the U-shaped plate, two side plates of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixed with two seedling pushing plates at the outermost side, the n-2 connecting blocks are respectively and fixedly connected with the remaining n-2 seedling pushing plates in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower cross beams are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the seedling pushing plates; the support handles of each seedling pushing tray are fixedly connected with the corresponding U-shaped sliding blocks of the support guide rail assembly, and the handles of each seedling pushing tray are fixedly arranged on a pair of seedling pushing tray fixing cross beams.
Further, the transverse seedling feeding device also comprises a photoelectric limit switch which is arranged on the linear guide rail and corresponds to the side edge of the linear guide rail, and two linear optical axis assemblies which are arranged on the main frame and are longitudinally distributed along the main frame; each linear optical axis assembly comprises a pair of optical axes, an optical axis sliding block is axially arranged on each optical axis along the optical axis, two ends of each optical axis are connected with the main frame through optical axis vertical bearing seats, and the number of the optical axis sliding blocks is consistent with that of the seedling pushing discs and is arranged on a lower cross beam of the seedling pushing disc in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Further, the seedling blocking device comprises an air cylinder base, an adjustable air cylinder arranged on the air cylinder base, a flange bearing arranged at the tail end of the adjustable air cylinder, a conversion piece arranged on the flange bearing, a seedling blocking driving piece connected with the conversion piece, and n seedling blocking claw assemblies which are arranged on the seedling blocking driving piece and uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the seedling blocking driving piece, wherein the n seedling blocking claw assemblies are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the longitudinal seedling conveying device.
Further, the seedling blocking driving piece comprises a seedling blocking shaft and n pin pieces which are arranged on the seedling blocking shaft and are uniformly distributed along the axial direction, and the n pin pieces are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the seedling blocking claw assemblies; each seedling blocking claw assembly comprises a pin shaft, a splicing piece hinged with one end of the pin shaft, a seedling blocking driven shaft fixed with the splicing piece, a seedling blocking claw fixing piece sleeved on the seedling blocking driven shaft, a claw groove sleeved on the seedling blocking driven shaft and positioned above the seedling blocking claw fixing piece, and two seedling blocking claws which are arranged on the upper part of the claw groove and distributed along the axial direction of the claw groove side by side, wherein the pin shaft is correspondingly connected with the pin piece, the seedling blocking claw fixing piece is fixed on a lower fixing frame of the transverse seedling conveying device, and the seedling blocking driven shaft can rotate in a shaft hole of the seedling blocking claw fixing piece.
Further, each longitudinal seedling feeding device comprises a belt wheel sleeved on a driving shaft, vertical bearing seats pressed at two ends of the belt wheel, a belt coated on the belt wheel, an upper fixing frame installed on a bottom plate of the vertical bearing seats, a lower fixing frame with the end part sleeved on the end part of the upper fixing frame, a support Miao Ban support plate installed on the lower fixing frame and a support panel assembly, two vertical bearing seats are installed on the driving shaft so as to fixedly install the longitudinal seedling feeding device on the driving shaft, a seedling blocking claw fixing piece is installed on the corresponding lower fixing frame, the upper fixing frame is fixedly connected with the lower fixing frame through an upper tensioning lug, a lower tensioning lug and a tensioning bolt, and the belt is tensioned through the tensioning lug on the upper fixing frame.
Further, the seedling supporting plate assembly comprises a support Miao Ban, an upper support Miao Zhi plate and a lower support Miao Zhi plate which are arranged on side plates of the support Miao Ban, and a seedling blocking plate which is arranged on a front plate of the seedling supporting plate, wherein one side of the seedling supporting plate is fixed on an upper fixing frame through an upper support Miao Zhi plate, the lower support Miao Zhi plate is fixed on a lower fixing frame, and the other side of the support Miao Ban is hinged with an upper support Miao Ban support plate of an adjacent longitudinal seedling conveying device.
Further, the distance between every two adjacent seedling pushing plates is 40 mm-50 mm; the distance from the bottom surface of the U-shaped plate cross plate of the lower cross beam to the bottom surface of the seedling pushing plate is more than 100mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the seedling conveying device, the linear sliding table drives the seedling pushing disc assembly to transversely convey seedlings to intermittently and stably move, and the synchronous belt is combined to longitudinally and smoothly convey seedlings, so that multiple rows of seedling conveying actions can be synchronously completed, the manual operation intensity is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved; the seedling blocking device adopts an adjustable air cylinder, and the air cylinder is synchronously controlled to stretch and move with the linear sliding table by controlling the singlechip, so that the stable pushing and the longitudinal seedling feeding synchronous, stable and orderly movement in the transverse seedling feeding process are realized.
2. The rape substrate seedling conveying device can orderly complete transverse seedling conveying, synchronous seedling blocking and longitudinal seedling conveying setting actions of rape substrate seedlings, and meets the requirements of single-row stability and synchronous seedling conveying of each row of the seedling conveying device. The method is suitable for seedling raising and transplanting of cube matrix blocks with different sizes within a certain range, 240 seedlings are filled once, the labor is reduced, and the operation cost can be saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of a rape matrix seedling transplanter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the lateral seedling feeding device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the support rail assembly of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the seedling feeding rack in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the seedling tray of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the linear optical axis assembly of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the seedling blocking device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the seedling blocking driving member in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the seedling blocking claw assembly shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the longitudinal seedling feeding device in FIG. 1;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the bracket Miao Ban assembly of fig. 10.
The reference numerals of the components in the drawings are as follows:
the seedling feeding device comprises a driving shaft 1, a transverse seedling feeding device 2, a main frame 3 (a top beam 3a and a side beam 3 b), a seedling blocking device 4 and a longitudinal seedling feeding device 5;
the seedling feeding device comprises a linear guide rail 21, a photoelectric limit switch 22, a linear guide rail sliding block 23, a stepping motor 24, a supporting guide rail assembly 25 (wherein a guide rail 25a and a U-shaped sliding block 25 b), a seedling feeding frame 26 (wherein a seedling pushing disc fixing cross beam 26a, a sliding block fixing plate 26b, a cross beam extrusion block 26c and a seedling pushing disc cross beam fixing plate 26 d), a seedling pushing disc 27 (wherein a seedling pushing disc Miao Ban a, a lower cross beam 27b, a lifting handle 27c, a link block 27d and a supporting lifting handle 27 e) and a linear optical axis assembly 28 (wherein an optical axis 28a, a linear optical axis sliding block 28b and an optical axis vertical bearing seat 28 c);
the adjustable cylinder 41, the cylinder base 42, the lengthened flange bearing 43, the conversion piece 44, the seedling blocking driving piece 45 (the seedling blocking Miao Zhou a and the pin piece 45 b), the seedling blocking claw assembly 46 (the pin shaft 46a, the connection piece 46b, the seedling blocking driven shaft 46c, the seedling blocking claw fixing piece 46d, the claw groove 46e and the seedling blocking claw 46 f) and the electromagnetic valve 47;
the belt 51, pulley 52, vertical bearing housing 53, bearing seat plate 54, bracket Miao Ban assembly 55 (upper bracket Miao Zhi plate 55a, lower bracket Miao Zhi plate 55b, bracket Miao Ban 55c, rail Miao Ban d), bracket Miao Ban support plate 57, lower mount 58, lower tensioning ear 59, tensioning bolt 510, upper mount 511, upper tensioning ear 512, tensioning ear 513.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
The bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of the rape matrix seedling transplanting machine shown in fig. 1 comprises a main frame 3, a driving shaft 1 transversely arranged on the main frame 3, n longitudinal seedling feeding devices 5 hinged on the driving shaft 1, a transverse seedling feeding device 2 arranged on the main frame 3 and positioned above each longitudinal seedling feeding device 5, and a seedling blocking device 4 positioned at the lower end of each transverse seedling feeding device 2.
The transverse seedling feeding device 2 as shown in fig. 2 comprises a linear guide rail 21 on a top beam 3a of a main frame 3, a linear guide rail sliding block 23 arranged on the linear guide rail 21, a photoelectric limit switch 22 arranged on the linear guide rail 21 and corresponding to the side edge of the linear guide rail 21, a stepping motor 24 arranged at the tail end of the linear guide rail 21, a supporting guide rail assembly 25 arranged on a side beam 3b of the main frame 3, a seedling feeding frame 26 arranged on the linear guide rail sliding block 23, a plurality of seedling pushing trays 27 arranged on the seedling feeding frame 26 and uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the seedling feeding frame 26, and two linear optical axis assemblies 28 arranged on the main frame 3 and longitudinally distributed along the main frame 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the supporting rail assembly 25 includes a rail 25a and a plurality of U-shaped sliders 25b mounted on the rail 25a and uniformly distributed in the axial direction, the U-shaped sliders 25b are equal in number to the seedling pushing trays 27 and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the rail 25a is fixed on the side beam 3b of the main frame 3.
The seedling feeding rack 26, as shown in fig. 4, includes a seedling tray beam fixing plate 26d, a pair of seedling tray fixing beams 26a mounted on the seedling tray beam fixing plate 26d, slider fixing plates 26b mounted on both side plates of the seedling tray beam fixing plate 26d, and a beam pressing block 26c interposed between the pair of seedling tray fixing beams 26a and the slider fixing plates 26 b. The seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate 26d comprises two symmetrical U-shaped cavities, each U-shaped cavity is fixedly provided with a seedling pushing disc fixing beam 26a, and the seedling pushing disc fixing beams 26a are flush with a connecting plate connecting the two U-shaped cavities; the slider fixing plate 26b is fixedly connected to the linear guide slider 23.
As shown in fig. 5, each seedling tray 27 comprises n seedling pushing plates 27a, at least two lower cross beams 27b, a lifting handle 27c and a supporting lifting handle 27e, wherein the n seedling pushing plates 27a, the at least two lower cross beams 27b, the lifting handles 27c and the supporting lifting handles 27e are uniformly arranged at intervals in parallel; each lower cross beam 27b comprises a U-shaped plate and n-2 connecting blocks 27d, the n-2 connecting blocks 27d are uniformly arranged in a U-shaped cavity of the U-shaped plate at intervals and fixed on a transverse plate of the U-shaped plate, two side plates of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixed with two seedling pushing plates 27a at the outermost side, the n-2 connecting blocks 27d are respectively fixedly connected with the remaining n-2 seedling pushing plates 27a in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower cross beams 27b are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the seedling pushing plates 27a at intervals. The supporting handles 27e of each seedling pushing tray 27 are fixedly connected with the corresponding U-shaped sliding blocks 25b of the supporting guide rail assembly 25, and the handles 27c of each seedling pushing tray 27 are fixedly arranged on a pair of seedling pushing tray fixing cross beams 26a.
In order to ensure that the seedling-carrying substrate blocks smoothly pass through the seedling pushing plates 27a and do not tilt, the distance between every two adjacent seedling pushing plates 27a is 40-50 mm (preferably 45 mm); to ensure that the movement state of the seedling-carrying substrate block is not interfered when the lower beam 27b passes, the distance from the bottom surface of the U-shaped plate cross plate of the lower beam 27b to the bottom surface of the seedling-pushing plate 27a is more than 100mm (preferably 110 mm).
As shown in fig. 6, each linear optical axis assembly 28 includes a pair of optical axes 28a, and an optical axis slider 28b is mounted on each optical axis 28a along the axial direction of the optical axis 28a, and two ends of each optical axis 28a are connected with the main frame 3 through an optical axis vertical bearing block 28c, and the number of the optical axis sliders 28b is identical to that of the seedling pushing trays 27 and is mounted on the lower cross beam 27b of the seedling pushing tray 27 in a one-to-one correspondence arrangement.
The seedling blocking device 4 shown in fig. 7 comprises an air cylinder base 42, an adjustable air cylinder 41 arranged on the air cylinder base 42, a flange bearing 43 arranged at the tail end of the adjustable air cylinder 41, a conversion piece 44 arranged on the flange bearing 43, a seedling blocking driving piece 45 connected with the conversion piece 44, and n seedling blocking claw assemblies 46 which are arranged on the seedling blocking driving piece 45 and uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the seedling blocking driving piece 45, wherein the n seedling blocking claw assemblies 46 are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the longitudinal seedling conveying device 5. As shown in fig. 8, the seedling blocking driving member 45 includes a seedling blocking shaft 45a and n pin pieces 45b mounted on the seedling blocking shaft 45a and uniformly distributed along the axial direction, and the n pin pieces 45b are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the seedling blocking claw assemblies 46.
Each seedling blocking claw assembly 46 as shown in fig. 9 comprises a pin shaft 46a, a connecting piece 46b hinged with one end of the pin shaft 46a, a seedling blocking driven shaft 46c fixed with the connecting piece 46b, a seedling blocking claw fixing piece 46d sleeved on the seedling blocking driven shaft 46c, a claw groove 46e sleeved on the seedling blocking driven shaft 46c and positioned above the seedling blocking claw fixing piece 46d, and two seedling blocking claws 46f installed on the upper part of the claw groove 46e and distributed along the axial direction of the claw groove 46e, wherein the pin shaft 46a is correspondingly connected with the pin piece 45b, the seedling blocking claw fixing piece 46d is fixed on a lower fixing frame 58 of the transverse seedling conveying device 5, and the seedling blocking driven shaft 46c can rotate in a shaft hole of the seedling blocking claw fixing piece 46 d; the telescopic driving pin piece 45b of the adjustable air cylinder 41 moves along the axial direction, and then the seedling clamping claw assembly 46 is driven to rotate through the pin shaft 46 a. The adjustable cylinder 41 moves for one period, the seedling blocking claw assembly 46 rotates back and forth by approximately 90 degrees, the distance between the centers of the connection plates 46b is 35mm, the movement meets the design requirement, the movement stroke of the adjustable cylinder is larger than 35mm, and the length of the notch of the connection plate 46b is larger than 35mm. The seedling railing device can ensure that the seedling carrying matrix blocks do not incline or deflect when moving from the seedling tray to the longitudinal seedling conveying device, and ensure the stability of transverse seedling conveying.
As shown in fig. 10, each longitudinal seedling feeding device 5 comprises a belt wheel 52 sleeved on a driving shaft 1, vertical bearing blocks 53 pressed at two ends of the belt wheel 52, a belt 51 wrapped on the belt wheel 52, an upper fixing frame 511 installed on a bottom plate 54 of the vertical bearing blocks 53, a lower fixing frame 58 with ends sleeved on the end of the upper fixing frame 511, a support Miao Ban support plate 57 installed on the lower fixing frame 58 and a support panel assembly 55, two vertical bearing blocks 53 are installed on the driving shaft 1 so as to fixedly install the longitudinal seedling feeding device 5 on the driving shaft 1, a seedling clamping claw fixing piece 46d is installed on the corresponding lower fixing frame 58, the upper fixing frame 511 and the lower fixing frame 58 are connected and fixed through a tensioning upper lug 512, a tensioning lower lug 59 and a tensioning bolt 510, and the belt 51 is tensioned through the tensioning lug 513 on the upper fixing frame 511.
As shown in fig. 11, the tray Miao Ban assembly 55 comprises a tray Miao Ban c, an upper tray Miao Zhi plate 55a and a lower tray Miao Zhi plate 55b arranged on the side plates of the tray Miao Ban c, and a seedling blocking plate 55d arranged on the front plate of the tray Miao Ban c, wherein one side of the tray Miao Ban 55c is fixed on the upper fixing frame 511 through the upper tray Miao Zhi plate 55a, and the lower tray Miao Zhi plate 55b is fixed on the lower fixing frame 58, and the other side of the tray Miao Ban c is hinged with the upper tray Miao Ban support plate 57 of the adjacent longitudinal seedling conveying device 5, so that the tray Miao Ban assembly 55 can rotate along with the longitudinal seedling conveying device 5, and can rotate around the driving shaft according to ground fluctuation, thereby ensuring the consistency of the sowing depth. To ensure that the initial movement points of the plurality of seedling-blocking claw assemblies 46 are consistent, the seedling-blocking claws 46f are interfered by the seedling-blocking plate 55d at the movement return end point of the adjustable cylinder 41, and the length of the seedling-blocking plate Miao Ban d is greater than 75mm.
The stepper motor 24 is electrically connected with a single chip microcomputer with the model of AMC4030, and the adjustable air cylinder is connected with the single chip microcomputer through a corresponding electromagnetic valve 47, so that the actions of the stepper motor and the air cylinder are controlled through the single chip microcomputer.
The seedling feeding device of the rape matrix seedling transplanting machine has the following specific working processes:
the shape of the cube rape seedling-carrying matrix block is selected, the height is 35-50 mm, and the side length dimension of the bottom is 35-50 mm. When the seedling carrier is in operation, the seedling carrier matrix blocks are orderly arranged on the seedling tray assembly 55 according to the spatial distribution of the seedling pushing plates 27a, the telescopic length of the adjustable air cylinder 41 is adjusted, so that the seedling blocking plates 55d are parallel to the Miao Zhao f when the air cylinder is at the initial position, and the initial states of the seedling blocking plates 55d are kept consistent; the seedling blocking claw 46f moves away from the upper part of the belt 51 when the cylinder is at the end position, so that the seedling blocking claw 46f is prevented from interfering with the movement state of the seedling carrying matrix block on the belt 51, and in order to ensure that the stability of the seedling carrying matrix block is ensured when the seedling carrying matrix block is changed from the support Miao Ban assembly 55 to the space position of the belt 51 under the action of the seedling pushing disc 27, the installation requirement support Miao Ban c is higher than the belt 51. When the transverse seedling feeding starts, the seedling feeding starting position, the number of times of pushing the seedlings by the linear guide rail 21, the seedling feeding speed of each section, the seedling feeding interval time of each section and the like are set through the singlechip. When the seedling feeding device works, the power input drives the main shaft 1 to rotate, drives the belt pulley 52 to rotate, further drives the belt 51 to rotate, starts the transverse seedling feeding device 2, and on one hand, controls the movement mode of the linear guide rail slide block 23 through the stepping motor 24 to further drive the seedling pushing disc 27 to intermittently and orderly push substrate seedlings to the belt 51 from the seedling supporting disc assembly 55 in rows; on the other hand, the single chip microcomputer control electromagnetic valve 47 synchronously controls the linear guide rail slide block 23 and the adjustable cylinder 41, the synchronous adjustable cylinder 23 is contracted when the intermittent forward movement of the linear guide rail slide block 23 starts, the seedling blocking claw 46f is controlled to be in contact with the seedling blocking plate 55d, the situation that the seedling carrying substrate block is tilted due to uneven stress when the space position changes is prevented, the synchronous adjustable cylinder 23 stretches out when the intermittent forward movement of the linear guide rail slide block 23 ends, the seedling blocking claw assembly driving piece 46 is controlled to rotate by 90 degrees, the belt 51 drives the seedling carrying substrate block to move to a preset position, the one-time movement matching of the transverse seedling conveying device 2, the seedling blocking device 4 and the longitudinal seedling conveying device 5 is completed, and the seedling pushing plate assembly 55 is reset to a seedling conveying initial state after four-time movement matching is completed. And (5) manually filling a seedling tray, and preparing for transplanting the next round of seedling-carrying matrix blocks.
Claims (6)
1. A bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of a rape matrix seedling transplanting machine is characterized in that: the seedling blocking device comprises a main frame (3), a driving shaft (1) transversely arranged on the main frame (3), n longitudinal seedling conveying devices (5) hinged on the driving shaft (1), a transverse seedling conveying device (2) arranged on the main frame (3) and positioned above each longitudinal seedling conveying device (5), and a seedling blocking device (4) positioned at the lower end of each transverse seedling conveying device (2);
the transverse seedling conveying device (2) comprises a linear guide rail (21) on a top beam (3 a) of the main frame (3), a linear guide rail sliding block (23) arranged on the linear guide rail (21), a stepping motor (24) arranged at the tail end of the linear guide rail (21), a supporting guide rail assembly (25) arranged on a side beam (3 b) of the main frame (3), a seedling conveying frame (26) arranged on the linear guide rail sliding block (23), and a plurality of seedling pushing trays (27) which are arranged on the seedling conveying frame (26) and uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the seedling conveying frame (26);
the seedling blocking device (4) comprises an air cylinder base (42), an adjustable air cylinder (41) arranged on the air cylinder base (42), a flange bearing (43) arranged at the tail end of the adjustable air cylinder (41), a conversion piece (44) arranged on the flange bearing (43), a seedling blocking driving piece (45) connected with the conversion piece (44) and n seedling blocking claw assemblies (46) which are arranged on the seedling blocking driving piece (45) and uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the seedling blocking driving piece (45), wherein the n seedling blocking claw assemblies (46) are distributed in one-to-one correspondence with the longitudinal seedling conveying device (5); the seedling blocking driving piece (45) comprises a seedling blocking shaft (45 a) and n pin pieces (45 b) which are arranged on the seedling blocking shaft (45 a) and are uniformly distributed along the axial direction, and the n pin pieces (45 b) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the seedling blocking claw assemblies (46); each seedling blocking claw assembly (46) comprises a pin shaft (46 a), a splicing piece (46 b) hinged with one end of the pin shaft (46 a), a seedling blocking driven shaft (46 c) fixed with the splicing piece (46 b), a seedling blocking claw fixing piece (46 d) sleeved on the seedling blocking driven shaft (46 c), a claw groove (46 e) sleeved on the seedling blocking driven shaft (46 c) and positioned above the seedling blocking claw fixing piece (46 d) and two seedling blocking claws (46 f) which are arranged on the upper part of the claw groove (46 e) and distributed along the axial direction of the claw groove (46 e), the pin shaft (46 a) is correspondingly connected with the pin piece (45 b), and the seedling blocking claw fixing piece (46 d) is fixed on a lower fixing frame (58) of the transverse seedling conveying device (2) and can rotate in the shaft hole of the seedling blocking claw fixing piece (46 d);
each longitudinal seedling feeding device (5) comprises a belt wheel (52) sleeved on a driving shaft (1), vertical bearing seats (53) pressed at two ends of the belt wheel (52), a belt (51) wrapped on the belt wheel (52), an upper fixing frame (511) arranged on a bottom plate (54) of the vertical bearing seats (53), a lower fixing frame (58) with the end part sleeved on the end part of the upper fixing frame (511), a support Miao Ban support plate (57) and a support Miao Ban assembly (55) arranged on the lower fixing frame (58), two vertical bearing seats (53) are arranged on the driving shaft (1) so as to fixedly install the longitudinal seedling feeding device (5) on the driving shaft (1), a fence seedling claw fixing piece (46 d) is arranged on the corresponding lower fixing frame (58), the upper fixing frame (511) is fixedly connected with the lower fixing frame (58) through a tensioning upper lug (512), a tensioning lower lug (59) and a tensioning bolt (510), and the belt (51) is tensioned through the tensioning lug (513) on the upper fixing frame (511); the tray Miao Ban assembly (55) comprises a tray Miao Ban (55 c), an upper tray Miao Zhi plate (55 a) and a lower tray Miao Zhi plate (55 b) which are arranged on the side plates of the tray Miao Ban (55 c) and a seedling blocking plate (55 d) which is arranged on the front plate of the tray Miao Ban (55 c), one side of the tray Miao Ban (55 c) is fixed on an upper fixing frame (511) through the upper tray Miao Zhi plate (55 a), a lower tray Miao Zhi plate (55 b) is fixed on a lower fixing frame (58), and the other side of the tray Miao Ban (55 c) is hinged with an adjacent upper tray Miao Ban support plate (57) of the longitudinal seedling conveying device (5).
2. The bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of the rape substrate seedling transplanting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the support guide rail assembly (25) comprises a guide rail (25 a) and a plurality of U-shaped sliding blocks (25 b) which are arranged on the guide rail (25 a) and uniformly distributed along the axial direction, the number of the U-shaped sliding blocks (25 b) is equal to that of the seedling pushing trays (27) and the U-shaped sliding blocks are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the guide rail (25 a) is fixed on a side beam (3 b) of the main frame (3).
3. The bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of the rape substrate seedling transplanting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the seedling feeding frame (26) comprises a seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate (26 d), a pair of seedling pushing disc fixing beams (26 a) arranged on the seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate (26 d), sliding block fixing plates (26 b) arranged on two side plates of the seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate (26 d) and a beam extrusion block (26 c) lined between the pair of seedling pushing disc fixing beams (26 a) and the sliding block fixing plates (26 b); the seedling pushing disc beam fixing plate (26 d) comprises two symmetrical U-shaped cavities, each U-shaped cavity is fixedly provided with a seedling pushing disc fixing beam (26 a), and the seedling pushing disc fixing beams (26 a) are flush with a connecting plate connecting the two U-shaped cavities; the slide block fixing plate (26 b) is fixedly connected to the linear guide rail slide block (23).
4. A bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of a rape substrate seedling transplanter as claimed in claim 3, wherein: each seedling pushing tray (27) comprises n seedling pushing plates (27 a) which are uniformly arranged at intervals and in parallel, at least two lower cross beams (27 b), a lifting handle (27 c) connected with two adjacent lower cross beams (27 b) and a supporting lifting handle (27 e); each lower cross beam (27 b) comprises a U-shaped plate and n-2 connecting blocks (27 d), the n-2 connecting blocks (27 d) are uniformly arranged in a U-shaped cavity of the U-shaped plate at intervals and fixed on a cross plate of the U-shaped plate, two side plates of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixed with two seedling pushing plates (27 a) at the outermost side, the n-2 connecting blocks (27 d) are respectively and fixedly connected with the remaining n-2 seedling pushing plates (27 a) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower cross beams (27 b) are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the seedling pushing plates (27 a) at intervals; the support handles (27 e) of each seedling pushing tray (27) are fixedly connected with the U-shaped sliding blocks (25 b) corresponding to the support guide rail assemblies (25), and the handles (27 c) of each seedling pushing tray (27) are fixedly arranged on a pair of seedling pushing tray fixing cross beams (26 a).
5. The bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of the rape substrate seedling transplanting machine according to claim 4, wherein: the transverse seedling conveying device (2) further comprises a photoelectric limit switch (22) which is arranged on the linear guide rail (21) and corresponds to the side edge of the linear guide rail (21), and two linear optical axis assemblies (28) which are arranged on the main frame (3) and longitudinally distributed along the main frame (3); each linear optical axis assembly (28) comprises a pair of optical axes (28 a), an optical axis sliding block (28 b) is axially arranged on each optical axis (28 a) along the optical axis (28 a), two ends of each optical axis (28 a) are connected with the main frame (3) through optical axis vertical bearing seats (28 c), and the number of the optical axis sliding blocks (28 b) is consistent with the number of the seedling pushing discs (27) and is arranged on a lower cross beam (27 b) of the seedling pushing disc (27) in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
6. The bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of the rape substrate seedling transplanting machine according to claim 4, wherein: the distance between every two adjacent pushing pieces Miao Ban (27 a) is 40-50 mm; the distance from the bottom surface of the U-shaped plate cross plate of the lower cross beam (27 b) to the bottom surface of the seedling pushing plate (27 a) is more than 100mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210264937.4A CN114532025B (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of rape matrix seedling transplanting machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210264937.4A CN114532025B (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Bidirectional progressive seedling feeding device of rape matrix seedling transplanting machine |
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| CN109348796A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-02-19 | 华中农业大学 | Rape substrate block seedling transplanting device |
| CN113303056A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 中国农业大学 | Automatic seedling taking and feeding device of vegetable transplanter |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203896716U (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-29 | 湖南农业大学 | Seedling feeding mechanism of full-automatic transplanting machine with transversely arranged seedling dish |
| CN105409407A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-23 | 温州大学 | Transplanter for greenhouse vegetable seedlings |
| CN108781665A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-13 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of the automatic seeding delivering seedling taking seedling launching mechanism and method of potted tray seedling transplanter |
| CN109348796A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-02-19 | 华中农业大学 | Rape substrate block seedling transplanting device |
| CN113303056A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 中国农业大学 | Automatic seedling taking and feeding device of vegetable transplanter |
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