CN114530626A - Anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving battery energy efficiency and protection system thereof - Google Patents

Anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving battery energy efficiency and protection system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114530626A
CN114530626A CN202210265777.5A CN202210265777A CN114530626A CN 114530626 A CN114530626 A CN 114530626A CN 202210265777 A CN202210265777 A CN 202210265777A CN 114530626 A CN114530626 A CN 114530626A
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China
Prior art keywords
module
battery
protection
liquid
shell
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CN202210265777.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
任宇珉
任洁
张薇
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Yashang Kechuang Beijing Technology Co ltd
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Yashang Kechuang Beijing Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210265777.5A priority Critical patent/CN114530626A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving the energy efficiency of the battery and a protection system thereof. The outer side of the shell assembly is provided with a protective liquid filling port and a charging port, and the inner cavity is provided with an alarm module and a protective liquid analysis module. Through the compound mode of casing subassembly and protection liquid, soak whole battery module in protection liquid to isolated air keeps away from external interference factor, prevents that the battery from producing the dendrite and breaking and meet the spontaneous combustion of air and lead to the fact the detonation that the damage appears to battery inside. Meanwhile, the components of the protection solution are monitored by the protection solution analysis module, and when the battery module is monitored to be leaked or the components of the protection solution change, the alarm module gives an alarm. Effectively prevent the emergence of thermal runaway from the source, prevent that battery module from taking place to catch fire and explosion after thermal runaway to reach battery module safety protection's function.

Description

Anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving battery energy efficiency and protection system thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rechargeable batteries, and particularly relates to an anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving the energy efficiency of the battery and a protection system thereof.
Background
With the frequent occurrence of related fire and explosion accidents of vehicle rechargeable batteries such as lithium ion batteries and lead-acid batteries, serious threats are caused to the life safety and property safety of users. When battery module takes place the thermal runaway conflagration, can release a large amount of heat energy and high-temperature gas, meet detonation behind the air, so battery module has extremely strong inflammability.
The existing battery fire extinguishing system adopts fire extinguishing materials such as dry powder, aerosol, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, carbon tetrachloride and the like to slow down and prevent combustion. However, the conventional fire extinguishing materials can extinguish the battery open fire only in a short time and form a small-range low oxygen region at the open fire, but a large amount of energy is continuously released inside the battery, and the battery can be re-ignited as long as the battery is in contact with air again, so that the fire retarding effect is general, and the reason why the fire condition is difficult to control once the battery is ignited is also considered.
In addition, current battery protection system adopts various sensors such as control voltage, electric current, temperature, smog to sniff the whole condition of battery module, and automatic triggering fire extinguishing system carries out the operation of putting out a fire to battery module after the control threshold value surpasss the settlement scope. However, this measure has a number of limitations, one being that the distance determines the sensitivity of the sensor. The closer to the battery, the higher the sensitivity of the sensor, but in reality, only one to two detection sensors are arranged at one corner of the battery module, and the sensitivity is greatly reduced for monitoring the whole battery module; secondly, the sensor can not play a role in early warning, and can only play a role after combustion occurs. When the battery module just begins to have the conditions of temperature abnormity and leakage, and the thermal runaway is not yet reached, the temperature, smoke, flame, voltage and current sensors cannot sense and find in time, the data change can be detected only after the battery module burns instantly at high temperature, and the functions of power failure and early warning at the beginning of abnormity finding are not played.
Therefore, how to prevent the occurrence of thermal runaway from the source, improve the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery, and prevent the battery module from being ignited and exploded after the thermal runaway is a problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-detonation rechargeable battery capable of improving the energy efficiency of the battery and a protection system thereof, which can prevent thermal runaway from occurring from the source, improve the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery, and prevent a battery module from firing and exploding after the thermal runaway, thereby achieving the function of safety protection of the battery module.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system capable of improving the energy efficiency of a battery, comprising a housing assembly, wherein,
the inner cavity of the shell assembly is used for connecting the battery module, and protective liquid for insulation and heat conduction is filled between the inner cavity of the shell assembly and the battery module;
the protection liquid analysis device comprises a shell assembly and is characterized in that a protection liquid filling port and a charging port are arranged on the outer side of the shell assembly, an alarm module and a protection liquid analysis module used for monitoring the components of the protection liquid are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell assembly, and the protection liquid analysis module is electrically connected or in signal connection with the alarm module.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, the housing assembly includes an inner housing and an outer housing, and the battery module, the inner housing and the outer housing are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a first gap formed between the battery module and the inner shell is filled with the protection liquid;
a second gap formed between the inner shell and the outer shell is filled with circulating gas and provided with an air cooling system for controlling the flowing of the circulating gas, and the air cooling system can accelerate or prevent the flowing of the circulating gas;
the protection liquid filling port is arranged on the inner shell, and the charging port is arranged on the outer shell.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, the inner shell is provided with a liquid level detection module for monitoring a liquid level of the protection liquid, and/or a second gap between the inner shell and the outer shell is provided with a liquid level detection module for monitoring whether the protection liquid leaks from the bottom;
the liquid level detection module is electrically connected or in signal connection with the alarm module.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, the inner shell is provided with a pressure protection device for controlling balance of internal and external pressure differences.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, part or all of the inner shell is a continuous corrugated heat dissipation fin, so that the heat dissipation area can be effectively increased.
Optionally, in the above anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, the battery module is disposed in the inner casing through a first support mechanism, and/or the inner casing is disposed in the outer casing through a second support mechanism.
Optionally, in the above anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, the first support mechanism or the second support mechanism is a spring mechanism and a connection block disposed at an end of the spring mechanism.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, a temperature measurement module is disposed in an inner cavity of the housing assembly, and is configured to monitor the temperature of the protective liquid and send an alarm signal to the alarm module in an abnormal condition.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, a heating module is disposed in an inner cavity of the housing assembly, and is configured to adjust the temperature of the protection liquid, so as to achieve the purpose of optimal charging and discharging.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, a protection liquid circulating pump is disposed in an inner cavity of the housing assembly.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, a protection circuit is disposed on the battery module.
Optionally, in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system, a pressure measuring module for monitoring the protection liquid is disposed in an inner cavity of the housing assembly, and an alarm signal is sent to the alarm module in an abnormal condition.
The invention also provides an anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving the energy efficiency of the battery, which comprises a battery module and the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system capable of improving the energy efficiency of the battery, wherein the battery module is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell assembly, a protection liquid for insulation and heat conduction is filled between the battery module and the shell assembly, and the battery module and all the electric control assemblies are completely immersed in the protection liquid.
The anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system capable of improving the energy efficiency of the battery provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
through the combination mode of casing subassembly and protection liquid, soak whole battery module and circuit control part in the protection liquid to isolated air makes battery module can keep away from interference factors such as external humiture, vibration, air, prevents that the battery from producing dendrite and breaking and meet the spontaneous combustion of air and lead to the fact the detonation that the damage appears to battery inside. Meanwhile, the liquid level and the components of the protection liquid are respectively monitored by the liquid level detection module and the protection liquid analysis module, and when the battery module is monitored to have liquid leakage or the component change of the protection liquid caused by the problem of sealing property, the alarm module gives an alarm. This mode of setting up can effectively avoid the emergence of thermal runaway from the source, prevents that battery module from taking place to catch fire and explosion after the thermal runaway to reach battery module safety protection's function.
The invention also provides an anti-explosion rechargeable battery with the protection system, which can improve the energy efficiency of the battery, and the beneficial effects are the same as above, and are not further described herein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system (a first support mechanism and a second support mechanism are not shown) capable of improving energy efficiency of a battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system capable of improving energy efficiency of a battery according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system (including a first support mechanism and a second support mechanism) capable of improving energy efficiency of a battery according to the present invention.
In the upper diagram:
1-a battery module; 2-inner shell; 3-protective solution; 4-a temperature measuring module; 5-heating the module; 6-explosion-proof valve; 7-a sealing structure; 8, a pressure measuring module; 9-a protection circuit; 10-a charging port; 11-a liquid level detection module; 12-protective solution analysis module; 13-air cooling system; 14-an outer shell; 15-a protective liquid filling port; 16-protective liquid circulating pump; 17-locking mechanism (lock barrel); 18-heat dissipation fins; 1901 a first support mechanism; 1902-a second support mechanism.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality is more than two, if there are first and second described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, but not for indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the precedence of the indicated technical features.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
The core of the invention is to provide an anti-detonation rechargeable battery capable of improving the energy efficiency of the battery and a protection system thereof, which can prevent thermal runaway from occurring from the source, improve the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery, and prevent a battery module from firing and exploding after the thermal runaway, thereby achieving the function of safety protection of the battery module.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions provided by the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system (a first support mechanism and a second support mechanism are not shown) capable of improving energy efficiency of a battery according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a top view of an anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system capable of improving energy efficiency of a battery according to the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system (including a first support mechanism and a second support mechanism) capable of improving energy efficiency of a battery according to the present invention.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving energy efficiency of the battery includes: a housing assembly and a battery module 1.
The battery module 1 is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell assembly, a protective liquid 3 for insulation and heat conduction is filled between the battery module 1 and the shell assembly, and the battery module 1 and all electric control assemblies are completely immersed in the protective liquid 3.
It should be understood that the core of the present invention lies in the housing assembly described above, and therefore, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter mainly with respect to the housing assembly. For other structures in the anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving the energy efficiency of the battery provided by the embodiment, reference may be made to related prior art, and details thereof will not be described here.
It should be noted that the protective liquid 3 has the characteristics of flame retardance, insulation, no corrosion and no pollution, the freezing point can be adjusted to be a liquid mixture at minus 40 ℃ according to different use scenes, and even if the components are immersed for more than 20 years, the components cannot be changed at all, and the electronic components cannot be influenced at all. The protective agent can rapidly disperse heat to avoid high-temperature aggregation, and the protective agent can also avoid the occurrence of chain reaction, thereby preventing the possibility of spontaneous combustion explosion of the lithium battery.
The protective liquid 3 may be fluorinated liquid, vegetable oil, transformer oil, or other liquid medium that can be used for insulation and heat conduction of electronic components, and the specific configuration thereof is not further limited herein. The battery module 1 may be any one of rechargeable batteries such as a lithium ion battery, a lead-acid battery and a nickel-cadmium battery, and the battery module 1 may also be a solid-state battery or a newly developed liquid-state battery, and may be adaptively selected according to the actual application environment.
The invention provides an anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system capable of improving battery energy efficiency, which comprises a shell assembly, wherein a battery module 1 is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell assembly, a protection liquid 3 for insulation and heat conduction is filled between the battery module 1 and the shell assembly, and the battery module 1 and all electric control assemblies are completely immersed in the protection liquid 3, so that the problems of electric leakage, heat dissipation, arc ignition and temperature regulation of a lithium battery can be solved.
And a protective liquid filling port 15 and a charging port 10 are arranged on the outer side of the shell assembly, and the protective liquid filling port 15 is used for filling the protective liquid 3 into the inner cavity of the shell assembly. The charging port 10 is electrically connected to the battery module for transmitting an external power to the battery module. The housing assembly may be further provided with a liquid outlet for discharging the protective liquid 3, if necessary, or it may be used for discharging liquid if only the protective liquid filling port 15 is provided.
The inner cavity of the housing assembly is provided with an alarm module (not shown in the figures) and a protective liquid analysis module 12 for monitoring the concentration (composition) of the protective liquid 3. The protective solution analysis module 12 is used for monitoring the concentration change of the protective solution 3, on one hand, the sealing performance of the shell assembly can be monitored, when the sealing performance of the shell assembly is in a problem, moisture in the outside air easily enters the protective solution to cause the concentration change of the protective solution, and further the insulating performance of the protective solution is deteriorated; on the other hand can also monitor whether there is the weeping condition in battery module 1, and when the battery module weeping, the battery liquid got into the protection liquid, arouses the change of protection liquid concentration, need change battery module immediately this moment.
The protective liquid analysis module 12 is electrically connected or in signal connection with the alarm module. The electrical connection is a physical contact circuit connection mode, the signal connection is a wireless communication connection mode without physical media, and particularly, the connection mode can be flexibly selected according to the actual working condition requirement. Thus, when the alarm module is electrically connected, it is typically disposed inside the housing assembly, and when the alarm module is signal connected, it may also be disposed on a body of a device, such as a vehicle, that uses the rechargeable battery system described herein.
Above-mentioned anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system that can promote battery efficiency, through the compound mode of casing subassembly and protection liquid 3, all soak whole battery module 1 and the electronic control assembly of circuit control part in protection liquid 3 to isolated air makes battery module 1 can keep away from interference factors such as external humiture, vibration, plays the cushioning effect, prevents that the battery from producing the dendrite and breaking and meeting the spontaneous combustion of air and causing the detonation that the damage appears to battery inside. Meanwhile, the components of the protective solution 3 are monitored by the protective solution analysis module 12, and when the battery module 1 is monitored to have leakage or the components of the protective solution 3 change due to the problem of tightness, the alarm module gives an alarm. This mode of setting up can effectively avoid the emergence of thermal runaway from the source, prevents that battery module 1 from taking place to catch fire and explosion after the thermal runaway to reach battery module 1 safety protection's function.
In addition, the protection liquid 3 can replace the existing fire extinguishing mode, can control heat in advance, is convenient and fast, is lower in manufacturing and maintenance cost, does not need other auxiliary equipment and control units, and enables the protection device to be smaller and more scientific.
In a specific embodiment, the shell assembly comprises an inner shell 2 and an outer shell 14, wherein the inner shell 2 mainly plays a role in guiding out heat inside the components and supporting the components, and the outer shell 14 mainly plays a role in providing structural strength, protecting and preventing the internal protection liquid 3 from leaking.
The outer shell 14 not only has the functions of impact resistance, corrosion resistance and explosion resistance, but also has the function of absorbing impact energy and avoiding the inner shell 2 from being damaged; outer housing 14 may provide further supplemental protection in the event of a burst or leakage from inner housing 2.
Wherein, the battery module 1, the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 14 are sleeved in sequence from inside to outside. A first gap formed between the battery module 1 and the inner case 2 is filled with a protective liquid 3. A second gap formed between the inner casing 2 and the outer casing 14 is filled with circulating gas, and an air cooling system 13 for controlling the flow of the circulating gas is provided. In case heat dissipation is required, the air cooling system 13 is turned on to accelerate the air fluidity. Under the condition of no heat dissipation (such as low-temperature environment), the air cooling system 13 is shut down or the rotating speed of the air cooling system 13 is reduced, air circulation is prevented or slowed down, and at the moment, the circulating gas has a heat insulation effect, so that the discharge retention rate of the battery can be improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. The circulating gas may be air or other flame retardant gas.
The protective liquid filling port 15 is arranged on the inner shell 2, and the charging port 10 is arranged on the outer shell 14 and is connected with the battery module through a line.
It should be understood that the air cooling system 13 may be a fan or other device capable of forming an air flow, the number of the air cooling systems may be one or more, and a plurality of air cooling systems 13 may be symmetrically disposed in the inner cavity channel to form a stable air flow, so as to achieve uniformity of cooling. The installation position can be arranged at any side of the inner cavity channel according to the actual situation, and any position which can meet the cooling requirement is within the protection scope of the invention.
The shape of the inner housing 2 and the outer housing 14 can be designed as a rectangle as shown in fig. 1, but of course, the inner housing 2 can also be designed as a cylinder, a polygon, etc. The inner and outer shells 14 are made of metal materials or other high-strength hard rubber or polypropylene plastics and the like, and can bear external force collision and implosion impact, so that the injury to personnel caused by battery fire or implosion is avoided. The inner shell 2 and the outer shell 14 may be made of the same material, or different materials may be used according to the actual required structural strength.
Of course, in order to further quickly monitor whether the inner casing 2 has a liquid leakage condition, one way is to provide a liquid level detection module 11 for monitoring the liquid level of the protection liquid in a first gap between the battery module 1 and the inner casing 2; alternatively, a liquid level detection module 11 for monitoring whether the protective liquid leaks from the bottom is disposed in the second gap between the outer shell 14 and the inner shell 2, and the liquid level detection module may be the same or different. Likewise, the liquid level detection module 11 may be electrically or signally connected to the alarm module. When the protection liquid leaks from the inner shell 2, the liquid level detection module 11 of the first gap can detect that the protection liquid level of the first gap drops. Similarly, the liquid level detection module 11 in the second gap can detect that there is leaked protection liquid at the bottom of the second gap for the first time, so that only one liquid level detection module 11 may be provided, and of course, a plurality of liquid level detection modules may be provided if necessary, and are not further limited herein.
In particular, part or all of the inner casing 2 is a continuous corrugated heat dissipating fin 18 to increase a heat dissipating area. When the heat dissipation requirement is not large, the inner shell 2 may be provided with the heat dissipation fins 18 only on one side surface or a few specific surfaces; when it is desired to increase the heat radiation effect, the heat radiation fins 18 may be distributed throughout the entire inner shell 2 (except for the component mounting sites). The surface area can be increased by about one time by the arrangement, and the whole heat dissipation capacity is improved. Of course, the heat dissipating fins 18 may also be in the form of wound fins, serial fins, soldered fins, rolled fins, etc., and any inner shell with the heat dissipating fins is within the protection scope of the present application.
It can be inferred that when the battery heat dissipation requirement can be met without the air cooling system 13, the battery module 1 can be cooled by only adopting a shell assembly cover to be arranged on the battery module 1 in an immersed liquid cooling mode. When the heat dissipation capacity of the battery is large, the double-layer shell is designed, the second gap is additionally arranged between the inner-layer shell 2 and the outer-layer shell 14 to serve as an air cooling channel, and the purpose of rapid heat dissipation and cooling is achieved through the mode of combining air cooling and liquid cooling.
In order to prevent the pressure inside and outside the shell module or the inner shell 2 from changing abruptly and maintain the balance of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the shell, the inner shell 2 is provided with a pressure protection device for controlling the balance of the pressure difference between the inside and the outside. The pressure protection device can be an explosion-proof valve 6 or an air pressure adjusting film, and pressure is released when the pressure in the inner cavity exceeds a threshold value, so that the pressure of the system is prevented from being out of control, and the purpose of safety is achieved.
Further, the battery module 1 is fixed to the inner housing 2 by the first support mechanism 1901, and/or the inner housing 2 is supported to the outer housing 14 by the second support mechanism 1902. The first supporting mechanism 1901/the second supporting mechanism 1902 may include any one or more of a bracket assembly, a clamping assembly, a clamp assembly, or a bolt, as long as the battery module 1 can be stably connected to the inner casing 2, and the inner casing 2 can be stably connected to the outer casing 14. Of course, the support mechanism may be disposed outside the outer shell 14, and the support mechanism is mainly used to maintain the alignment and connection relationship between the outer shell 14 and the mounting structure of the vehicle.
In order to improve the buffering effect, the first supporting mechanism 1901 and the second supporting mechanism 1902 may be a spring mechanism and a connecting block disposed at an end of the spring mechanism. The first support mechanism 1901 and the second support mechanism 1902 are both symmetrically disposed. The first support mechanism 1901 and the second support mechanism 1902 allow the battery module 1 and the inner case 2 to be suspended in the middle of the outer case 14, so that the battery module 1, the inner case 2, and the outer case 14 are not in contact with each other. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, eight right-angle positions at which the battery module 1 and the inner shell 2 are opposite are provided with connecting blocks, and the two opposite connecting blocks are connected through a spring mechanism, so that the battery module 1 is suspended at the central position of the inner shell 2, and the battery module 1 is wrapped around by the protective liquid 3 in all directions. Similarly, the inner casing 2 and the outer casing 14 may be arranged as described above. Through the flexible connection mode of spring mechanism, combine the protection liquid of inlayer casing 2 and the mode of setting up of double-deck casing, can further effectively cushion external force impact such as striking, earthquake, prevent to take place chain reaction, realize the protection to inside component.
In a specific embodiment, the housing assembly, particularly the inner housing 2, has a relatively strong sealing property, and the housing assembly/inner housing 2/outer housing 14 may be formed by an integrally formed open cavity and a cover plate fitted opposite to the cavity opening. The joint of the opening cavity and the cover plate is also provided with a locking mechanism 17. A cover plate may preferably be located on the top of the cavity, and a protective liquid filling port 15 is provided on the cover plate. Meanwhile, a sealing structure 7 can be arranged at the joint of the cover plate and the cavity opening, so that the butt joint tightness of the cover plate and the cavity opening is improved, and the concentration change of the protective liquid 3 caused by the absorption of moisture in the air is avoided.
Furthermore, the inner cavity of the shell component is provided with a temperature measuring module 4 which is used for monitoring the temperature of the protective liquid 3 and sending an alarm signal to the alarm module under the abnormal condition. The temperature measurement module 4 is specifically a temperature sensor, and because the temperature sensor is soaked in the protective liquid 3, the temperature sensor is more sensitive, and cannot be influenced by factors such as position, angle and space to reduce the precision, so that the whole state of the lithium battery pack can be pre-judged in advance to make early warning processing.
Compared with the prior art, because battery module 1 submerges in protection liquid 3 completely, protection liquid 3 can improve the monitoring sensitivity of temperature measurement module 4, makes temperature measurement module 4 not receive external influence, so only set up a temperature measurement module 4 and can carry out comprehensive monitoring to the temperature of whole battery system (even temperature measurement module 4 has certain distance apart from battery module 1, because the existence of protection liquid 3, can satisfy the temperature measurement functional requirement completely). The monitoring sensitivity of the temperature measuring module 4 in the scheme has low requirements on the number and the set distance of the temperature measuring module, so that the operation difficulty is reduced.
Aiming at the problem of low capacity retention rate of the battery in a low-temperature severe cold environment, the temperature of the protection liquid 3 can be controlled, the problem that the battery cannot be normally charged due to continuous cooling in the low-temperature environment is solved, an optimal solution is achieved, and the heating module 5 is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell assembly and used for adjusting the temperature of the protection liquid 3, so that the aim of optimal charging and discharging is achieved. Because the temperature requirement of the battery module is different under the charging and discharging states, the use efficiency of the battery can be greatly improved by controlling the temperature of the heating module 5.
In order to increase the cooling efficiency of the protective liquid 3 in a hot environment with high temperature, a protective liquid circulating pump 16 is disposed in the inner cavity of the shell assembly (when only one shell is used)/the inner shell 2 (when the two shells are used), and the flow of the protective liquid 3 is driven by external power. The number of the protection liquid circulating pumps 16 can be one or more, and the plurality of protection liquid circulating pumps 16 are uniformly arranged in the protection liquid circulation channel, so that the flowing of the protection liquid can be realized, and the heat transmission of the protection liquid is promoted to cover the whole battery module.
In particular, the protection liquid circulating pump 16 drives the protection liquid in the inner shell 2 to circularly flow along a certain direction, and correspondingly, the air cooling system drives the air in the outer shell 14 to circularly flow along the opposite direction of the protection liquid, so as to further enhance the heat exchange effect.
In the actual operation process, a control module in the system judges according to the temperature fed back by the temperature measuring module 4, and when the temperature of the temperature measuring module 4 is lower than a preset temperature range value, the heating module 5 is controlled to heat to adjust the temperature of the protective liquid 3; when the temperature of temperature measurement module 4 is higher than preset temperature range value, control protection liquid circulating pump 16 opens the 3 velocity of flow of control protection liquid, can guarantee that battery module 1 carries out the charge-discharge under the suitable temperature, effectively solves the energy storage problem of battery module 1 under different temperatures.
Further, in view of some unstable factors existing in the circuit of the battery system, the protection circuit 9 may be disposed on the battery module 1, and the battery can be fused when in an extreme state, so as to prevent the unstable factors from affecting the circuit effect, and the circuit is used as the protection circuit 9, thereby avoiding accidents. The specific type of the protection circuit 9 is adapted according to the application function, such as overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, overheat protection, no-load protection, short-circuit protection, etc., and all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
The inner cavity of the shell assembly provided by the invention is also provided with a pressure measuring module 8 for monitoring the protective liquid 3, and an alarm signal can be sent to the alarm module under the abnormal condition.
The alarm module can perform early warning in the modes of sound or display on a display screen, and the alarm module is arranged on the shell assembly or a vehicle outside the shell assembly as long as the alarm module can receive abnormal signals of each monitoring module.
In order to facilitate arrangement and reasonable space distribution, the temperature measuring module 9, the pressure measuring module 8 and the protective liquid analyzing module 12 can be adjacently arranged on the battery module 1 or at any position of the inner cavity of the inner shell 2. Of course, the appropriate position can be selected for monitoring according to the respective functions.
Based on the above-described embodiments, it is inferred that the protective liquid 3 has the greatest function of insulating air and does not have the requirement for combustion with air even if the battery is at a high temperature. Secondly, the protection liquid 3 perfectly solves the problems of self heat dissipation of the battery during charging and discharging, sensitive monitoring of temperature change of the battery with problems and arc striking of all welding parts.
By using the protective liquid 3 in cooperation with the air cooling system 13, all problems and troubles brought by high temperature of the battery and the circuit can be solved. Battery and circuit stability and safety more under normal atmospheric temperature and low temperature, the heat-sinking capability of protection liquid is normal air-cooled or natural radiating several times, so the promotion of the heat-sinking capability of self when protection liquid 3 charges and discharges the battery, the temperature measurement module catches the slight change of 3 circulation in-process temperatures of protection liquid more easily, sensitivity more than traditional sensor, high efficiency, make the protection system safety and practicality more of this case, the biggest characteristics of this system lie in the spontaneous combustion of prevention battery, and not only prevent the spontaneous combustion of battery.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. An anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system capable of improving the energy efficiency of a battery is characterized by comprising a shell assembly, wherein,
the inner cavity of the shell assembly is used for connecting the battery module, and protective liquid for insulation and heat conduction is filled between the inner cavity of the shell assembly and the battery module;
the protection liquid analysis device comprises a shell assembly and is characterized in that a protection liquid filling port and a charging port are arranged on the outer side of the shell assembly, an alarm module and a protection liquid analysis module used for monitoring the components of the protection liquid are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell assembly, and the protection liquid analysis module is electrically connected or in signal connection with the alarm module.
2. The anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein the housing assembly comprises an inner housing and an outer housing, and the battery module, the inner housing and the outer housing are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a first gap formed between the battery module and the inner shell is filled with the protection liquid;
a second gap formed between the inner shell and the outer shell is filled with circulating gas, and an air cooling system for controlling the flow of the circulating gas is arranged;
the protection liquid filling port is arranged on the inner shell, and the charging port is arranged on the outer shell.
3. The anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system according to claim 2, wherein a first gap between the battery module and the inner shell is provided with a liquid level detection module for monitoring a liquid level of the protection liquid, and/or a second gap between the inner shell and the outer shell is provided with a liquid level detection module for monitoring whether the protection liquid leaks from the bottom;
the liquid level detection module is electrically connected or in signal connection with the alarm module.
4. The system for protecting a deflagration-proof rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner shell is provided with a pressure guard for controlling the balance of the internal and external pressure differences.
5. The anti-knock protection system for a rechargeable battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein part or all of the inner case is a continuous corrugated fin.
6. The system according to claim 2, wherein the battery module is disposed on the inner casing through a first supporting mechanism, and/or the inner casing is disposed on the outer casing through a second supporting mechanism.
7. The anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system according to claim 6, wherein the first support mechanism or the second support mechanism is a spring mechanism and a connection block disposed at an end of the spring mechanism.
8. The anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature measurement module is disposed in an inner cavity of the housing assembly and configured to monitor the temperature of the protective liquid and send an alarm signal to the alarm module in case of an abnormal condition.
9. The anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein an inner cavity of the housing assembly is provided with a heating module for regulating temperature of the protection liquid for optimal charging and discharging purposes.
10. The anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system of claim 1, wherein the inner cavity of the housing assembly is provided with a protection liquid circulation pump.
11. The system for protecting a deflagration-proof rechargeable battery according to claim 1, characterized in that a protection circuit is provided on said battery module.
12. The anti-detonation rechargeable battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein an inner cavity of the housing assembly is provided with a pressure measuring module for monitoring the protection liquid and sending an alarm signal to the alarm module in case of an abnormal condition.
13. An anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving energy efficiency of the battery, which is characterized by comprising a battery module and the anti-explosion rechargeable battery protection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the battery module is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell assembly, the protection liquid for insulation and heat conduction is filled between the battery module and the shell assembly, and the battery module and all electric control assemblies are completely immersed in the protection liquid.
CN202210265777.5A 2022-03-17 2022-03-17 Anti-explosion rechargeable battery capable of improving battery energy efficiency and protection system thereof Pending CN114530626A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115360467A (en) * 2022-09-23 2022-11-18 四川长虹电源有限责任公司 Battery system
CN117175043A (en) * 2023-10-17 2023-12-05 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 Battery module, energy storage device and electric equipment

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115360467A (en) * 2022-09-23 2022-11-18 四川长虹电源有限责任公司 Battery system
CN117175043A (en) * 2023-10-17 2023-12-05 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 Battery module, energy storage device and electric equipment
CN117175043B (en) * 2023-10-17 2024-01-26 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 Battery module, energy storage device and electric equipment

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